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    Animals & Their Environment

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    Anggita Widya Nugroho
    This document discusses the relationship between animals and their environment. It covers several key topics: 1) Ecology is defined as how organisms interact with each other and their environment. The environment contains both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components that animals must adapt to. 2) Animals are heterotrophic eukaryotes that consume other organisms for food and energy. They obtain nutrients by eating plants or other animals in a food chain or food web. 3) Animals have developed different physiological adaptations for regulating their body temperature in different environments. Endothermic animals maintain a stable internal temperature while ectothermic animals match their body temperature to the external environment. 4) Various

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    Animals & Their Environment

    Uploaded by

    Anggita Widya Nugroho
    130 views22 pages
    This document discusses the relationship between animals and their environment. It covers several key topics: 1) Ecology is defined as how organisms interact with each other and their environment. The environment contains both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components that animals must adapt to. 2) Animals are heterotrophic eukaryotes that consume other organisms for food and energy. They obtain nutrients by eating plants or other animals in a food chain or food web. 3) Animals have developed different physiological adaptations for regulating their body temperature in different environments. Endothermic animals maintain a stable internal temperature while ectothermic animals match their body temperature to the external environment. 4) Various

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    This document discusses the relationship between animals and their environment. It covers several key topics: 1) Ecology is defined as how organisms interact with each other and their environment. The environment contains both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components that animals must adapt to. 2) Animals are heterotrophic eukaryotes that consume other organisms for food and energy. They obtain nutrients by eating plants or other animals in a food chain or food web. 3) Animals have developed different physiological adaptations for regulating their body temperature in different environments. Endothermic animals maintain a stable internal temperature while ectothermic animals match their body temperature to the external environment. 4) Various

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    130 views22 pages

    Animals & Their Environment

    Uploaded by

    Anggita Widya Nugroho
    This document discusses the relationship between animals and their environment. It covers several key topics: 1) Ecology is defined as how organisms interact with each other and their environment. The environment contains both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components that animals must adapt to. 2) Animals are heterotrophic eukaryotes that consume other organisms for food and energy. They obtain nutrients by eating plants or other animals in a food chain or food web. 3) Animals have developed different physiological adaptations for regulating their body temperature in different environments. Endothermic animals maintain a stable internal temperature while ectothermic animals match their body temperature to the external environment. 4) Various

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    Animals & Their

    Environment
    By: Ipeh & Jiny
    General Principles of Ecology
    ECOLOGY – how organisms interact with one
    another and with their environment
    ENVIRONMENT – living and non-living
    components
    • ABIOTIC – non-living component or physical
    factors as soil, rainfall, sunlight, temperatures
    • BIOTIC – living component are other
    organisms.
    Animal As
    Heterotrophic
    Organism
    eukaryotes Have no cell wall.

    Capable of moving
    heterotrophic

    Multicellular
    Food Chain & Food web
    ENDOTHERMIC
    AND
    ECTOTHERMIC
    ANIMALS
    Endothermic Animal

    Rhinoceros roll in
    cool mud to coat
    their skin (this also
    prevents sunburn).

    Elephants flap their ears,


    to cooling their blood.
    They also take baths at
    mid-day to cool off.
    Ectothermic Animal

    Lizards hide under


    rocks to escape
    the desert heat

    anemonefish, have a
    body temperature
    close to the water
    around them.
    Biogeographic Rules

    Bergmann’s
    Allen’s Rule
    Rule

    Gloger’s The Egg


    Rule Rule
    CONCEPT
    TEMPERATUR
    E-TIME
    Time is an important factor to
    development & growth

    They have a linear relationship

    There are a time-temperature


    combination (Physiologic time) for
    ectothermic animal
    Physiologic time scale for development of grasshoper
    Austroceies cruciata
    2
    8
    24
    20
    16
    ercentage development per day

    12
    8
    4
    0
    6 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44
    Condition and Resources as environtment
    Condition

    1 2

    => Abiotic factor that different in time and place, be responed by Living things in
    different way
    Resources

    Þ Somethings that consumed by Organisms/livingthings

    - Esential
    - Subtituante
    Limiting Factor and Law of Tolerance

    • Limiting factor
    - Liebig’s Law of the Minimum
    (do You remember?)

    • Law of tolerance
    V.E. Shelford
    to state the tolerance degree=> steno & eury
    • Law of Tolerance
    Species as ecological indicator

    • A species that can survive in certain physical


    environtment
    Thankyou So Much

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