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Assignment2011 3

This document outlines 9 problems for an introductory solid state physics assignment on modeling vibrations in solids using phonons. The problems involve: 1) calculating the density of modes for a monatomic linear lattice, 2) finding the dispersion relation and density of states for a linear monatomic chain, 3) calculating the dispersion relation for a chain with long-range interactions, 4) calculating properties of a linear chain of alternating ions, 5) calculating the energy of a longitudinal wave in a monatomic lattice, 6) calculating phonon properties for a diatomic lattice, 7) explaining the Debye model for heat capacity, 8) deducing the Einstein model and its limitations, and 9) calculating phonon numbers at different temperatures

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198 views

Assignment2011 3

This document outlines 9 problems for an introductory solid state physics assignment on modeling vibrations in solids using phonons. The problems involve: 1) calculating the density of modes for a monatomic linear lattice, 2) finding the dispersion relation and density of states for a linear monatomic chain, 3) calculating the dispersion relation for a chain with long-range interactions, 4) calculating properties of a linear chain of alternating ions, 5) calculating the energy of a longitudinal wave in a monatomic lattice, 6) calculating phonon properties for a diatomic lattice, 7) explaining the Debye model for heat capacity, 8) deducing the Einstein model and its limitations, and 9) calculating phonon numbers at different temperatures

Uploaded by

kiuken
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHYS2221 Introductory Solid State Physics

Assignment Three (2011)


Due date: April 8, 2011

1. Find the density of modes D(ω) for a monatomic linear lattice, only consider the nearest-neighbor
interactions.

2. Consider a linear monatomic chain, the length is L, the mass of a atom is m, the nearest-neighbor
δ
separation is a. The interaction potential between the atoms is expressed as: U ( a+ δ )=− A cos( ).
a
Find:
(a) The dispersion relation.
(b) The density of states D(ω).

3. In an infinite linear chain of simple lattice, the long-range interaction between the atoms cannot be
neglected, the interatomic force constant between the n atom and n+m atom is Cm, calculate
dispersion relation for the frequency.

4. Consider a linear chain of ions consists alternating charge ±e with a length L. Suppose the distance
between the positive and negative ions is a, the mass of the positive and negative ions are m 1 and m2,
respectively. The binding energy of the nearest ions is expressed as: , calculate:
−e 2 b
u ( r )= +
r rn
(a) the relation between b and e, n, a;
(b) the interatomic force constant C;
(c) the frequencyω0 of optical branch at q=0.

5. Consider a monatomic linear lattice of atoms of mass m, spacing a, and nearest-neighbor interaction
C. A longitudinal wave u s= A cos( ω t¿−qna)¿ is propagates in this lattice. Calculate the total
energy of the wave.

6. In a diatomic 1D lattice, let m=7×1.67×10-24 g, M/m=3, C=2.5×101 N/m, calculate:


(a) ωomax and ωomin in optical branch, as well as ωAmax in acoustic branch;
(b) the corresponding phonon energy;
(c) average phonon number <n> at 300K.

7. What is the Debye model for heat capacity of solids? Explain why the Debye model is agreed with
the experimental data at low temperature.

8. Einstein made the simplifying assumption that all 3N vibrational modes for a 3D solid with N atoms

had the same frequency, so that the whole solid had a heat capacity

. Deduce the heat capacity expression at high temperatures, and discuss the reasons for the
discrepancy of Einstein model at low temperature.

9. What is phonon? Under the same vibration mode, calculate the average number of phonons for the
cases at high temperature (kBT>>ħ) and low temperature (kBT<<ħ), respectively. Also compare the
numbers of phonons in optical and acoustic wave under the same temperature.

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