The document summarizes the key components of a telecommunication system. It describes the infrastructure provided by Telekom Malaysia including telephone lines, exchanges, and distribution points. It also outlines the different categories of buildings and their associated telephone wiring infrastructure based on factors like number of stories and size. The summary provides an overview of the main components involved in delivering telephone service within a building such as the main distribution frame, riser system, internal wiring layouts, and private telephone exchanges.
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The document summarizes the key components of a telecommunication system. It describes the infrastructure provided by Telekom Malaysia including telephone lines, exchanges, and distribution points. It also outlines the different categories of buildings and their associated telephone wiring infrastructure based on factors like number of stories and size. The summary provides an overview of the main components involved in delivering telephone service within a building such as the main distribution frame, riser system, internal wiring layouts, and private telephone exchanges.
The document summarizes the key components of a telecommunication system. It describes the infrastructure provided by Telekom Malaysia including telephone lines, exchanges, and distribution points. It also outlines the different categories of buildings and their associated telephone wiring infrastructure based on factors like number of stories and size. The summary provides an overview of the main components involved in delivering telephone service within a building such as the main distribution frame, riser system, internal wiring layouts, and private telephone exchanges.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
The document summarizes the key components of a telecommunication system. It describes the infrastructure provided by Telekom Malaysia including telephone lines, exchanges, and distribution points. It also outlines the different categories of buildings and their associated telephone wiring infrastructure based on factors like number of stories and size. The summary provides an overview of the main components involved in delivering telephone service within a building such as the main distribution frame, riser system, internal wiring layouts, and private telephone exchanges.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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TELECOMMUNICATION
SYSTEM TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Telecommunication includes :
i) Main telephones ii) Internal communication telephones iii) Paging and alarm system iv) Radio v) Other specialist equipment TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM Telekom Malaysia (TM) is the company which provide the telephone service in Malaysia. A cabled infrastructure for the telephone service has been installed by TM which consist of :
i) Telephone lines ii) Exchanger iii) Distribution frames and telephone cabinets iv) Distribution points
The subscriber also requires a telephone wiring infrastructure
within his building. If the building has many telephone users, then he may have a premise telephone system. Meaning of a telephone number TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM TM TELEPHONE SYSTEM Services serve into building categories :
Category 1 Category 2 Category 3
Type of building > 5 storey 5 storey & below Residential,
Bungalow & Terrace house Size of incoming Cable with more Cable with less Few lines cable than 50 lines than 50 lines Floor area Less than 7000 Less than 7000 No limit sq ft sq ft TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM Category 1 Buildings (> 5 storey)
For this category (large buildings), at the point just
before the buried telephone cable enters the building, a jointing chamber will be built.
This jointing chamber can either be a manhole (for a
cable with more than 400 lines) or joint box (for cable with less than 400 lines) and is used to help in the linking of the cable from the building to the TM underground cable. TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Category 2 Buildings (5 and < 5 storeys)
For terrace shop-houses that fall under this category, the cables are run underground from the main underground TM cable at the manhole or joint box to a jointing pit just outside the building. From the jointing pit, the cables are run to a second jointing pit just inside the building. From the second jointing pit, the cable emerges to run to distribution point (DP) box at one end of the building. The cable is then laid through the length of the outside wall of the building. Junction boxes are installed when a line is to run into a premise (ie: grid, branching or perimeter layout). TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Category 3 buildings ( Residential, Bungalow & Terrace house) Category 3 buildings (domestic houses) received their telephones either through overhead lines or underground lines. Underground cabling is not visible and hence do not clutter up the area view or suffer from the possibility of being brought down and snapping by roadside tree branches. Category 3 buildings ( Residential, Bungalow & Terrace house)
Underground cables The main telephone cables are laid in conduits with surface joint boxes. In minor roads, the cables are usually buried directly in the ground under the footpath or under the road. The necessary cross-connection between underground cables are provided at cabinets above ground. The cable for the house is brought inside, as close as possible to the position of the telephone at ground-floor level Category 3 buildings ( Residential, Bungalow & Terrace house)
Underground cables
To enable future maintenance and upgrading
by TM, the service trench is fitted with manholes at the certain length of the cable length. Most big and medium size building receive their telephone cables from under the ground (ie: category 1 and 2). Category 3 buildings ( Residential, Bungalow & Terrace house) Overhead cable External distribution for dwellings by overhead cable has the following advantages over underground distribution:
1. An overhead cable is smaller and cheaper than an
underground cable. 2. Overhead distribution involves a cable along one side of the road only to both side of the road. 3. It is more convenient to provide additional lines to existing premises. 4. However, underground cables are out of sight and do not spoil the outlook. In Malaysia it is mostly used for domestic houses and shophouses PREMISES DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Def: telephone system within a building, ie:
bldg. telephone wiring system. A large building (category I & 2) premises distribution sys may consist of:
1. Main telephone equipment
2. Riser system 3. Floor or zone telephone equipment system 4. Internal telephone/switching system TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM 1.) Main telephone equipment The main entry cable from the street leads to a distribution frame (at basement level) Interconnects with the controlling switchboards Telephone equipment room consists : - Main distribution frame/unit (MDF) - premise telephone exchange system equipment(eg: PABX or KTS) - backup battery system - distribution cables - technician work room & storage room - automatic fire extinguisher system
Category 1 bldg are required to have Telephone equipment room (large
terminals and lines). Category 2 are not required to have the tel. eqp room because sometimes they do not have MDF. TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM 1.) Main telephone equipment MDF – a frame which is used for distributing the telephone cable into several lines for multi subscriber with one or more lines in a single building. PABX – After the MDF the lines are connected to the premises. In each premises the lines are connected to the PABX (private auto. branching exchange) or KTS (key tel sys). Backup battery – By having PABX or KTS the backup battery sys has to be fitted in case of electricity blackout. Distribution cables – Dist. Cables are take from MDF or PABX at the lowest floor to other parts or levels of bldg. It is placed into a riser duct. TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM
2.) Riser system
vertical passage (enclosed by concrete or brick walls) that carry the telephone cables to various floors. The cable fitted to a cable tray in the riser
riser closet – built-in cupboard type of riser which has fireproof
door, contain IDF (>50 lines) or distribution box (< lines) which then the cables split into smaller cables
should have extra space for future extension
TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM 3.) Floor or zone telephone equipment system horizontal ducts that laid cables in the floor form distribution box to either secondary boxes / junction boxes / terminal points or PABX or KTS.
Junction boxes contain telephone outlet (telephone socket or
jack; the plug of the telephone set)
Eg: Hotel, caters many rooms, thus it use the branching layout.
Telephone outlets are found at junction points which the plug of
telephone set can be inserted. TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM
plan office floors. •Junction boxes are located in the floor where telephone outlets can be found. •Typical grid spacing is 3.6m x 3.6m. •Most flexible layout arrangement. •e.g. shopping complex Branching layout
•Suitable for open plan offices with permanent rooms. •Central feeder duct with junction boxes laid on the floor at the corridor. •e.g. hotels or apartments Perimeter layout •Suitable for partitioned office with rooms along the walls.
•A feeder duct located approx. 450mm from the outside wall and has short branch ducts to junction boxes. TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM 4.) Internal telephone/switching system To cater all communication requirements Similar provisions are needed Types of exchange : PABX, KTS PABX (Private Automatic Branch Exchange) depend on premises size and weather it has single or multiple occupancy Design must be considered all the apparatus such as; the switchboard, batteries and other apparatus involved. CASE STUDY (CONT’D) MDF Main Cable
PABX RISER SYSTEM TELEPHONE CASE STUDY (CONT’D)
Main Distribution Frame
(MDF) CASE STUDY (CONT’D) Private Automatic Branch Exchange (PABX) CASE STUDY (CONT’D)
