Florida Adverse Possession Strategy
Florida Adverse Possession Strategy
Florida Adverse Possession Strategy
This document discusses a strategy for alleviating America’s and Florida’s homeless
problem through adverse possession free of undue interference from law enforcers.
Contents
Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 2
Can Government Make Adverse Possession a Crime? ....................................................... 3
Abandonment Puts Realty in a Dumpster .......................................................................... 3
Adverse Possession Time Limitation .................................................................................. 3
Adverse Possession Law in Florida ..................................................................................... 4
Reduce the Time Limit? ...................................................................................................... 4
Tax Deed .............................................................................................................................. 5
Why Cops Hate Adverse Possession: Jealousy .................................................................. 5
Strategic Adverse Possession and Quitclaim to Fight Fraud.............................................. 5
What Abandoneers Want .................................................................................................... 6
Reason to Withhold Some Information .............................................................................. 6
Cash for Keys ....................................................................................................................... 6
How an Adverse Possessor Should Behave ........................................................................ 7
Two Men and a Truck .......................................................................................................... 7
Everybody Wins from Adverse Possession ......................................................................... 7
Outline of Strategy to do AP without Trouble with Sheriffs. .............................................. 7
Success for One Adverse Possessor = Success for Most .................................................... 11
Caveat: Verify with Case Law ........................................................................................... 12
Foreclosure defense lawyer Randy Reder of Tampa seems to loathe adverse possession.
He has better knowledge of law that I do. He recently wrote me:
A person claiming an interest by virtue of adverse possession has to adversely possess (basically
trespass) for seven years and pay the taxes. So for those seven years the party in possession is
a trespasser, a criminal who could be arrested. Even if an owner to property abandons it, that
does not give anyone any rights to it. After the seven years, the person claiming adverse
possession does not automatically get it. He or she then has to file a complaint with the court
and obtain a court’s judgment.
A claim for adverse possession can easily be defeated by the owner making it known that it is
alright with him that they are in possession. Such acquiescence removes the element of
possession being adverse.
I wrote back:
Thanks, Randy. Makes sense that an owner has right to property, but if the law
gives a year to file notice of AP and a 7 year window of opportunity to get
ownership, doesn't that mean the Legislature gives the APer a pass on trespass, in
other words, makes it a civil and not a criminal matter?
Also, does the APer HAVE to provide the tax money, or do the taxes merely have
to get paid? Obviously after a year of nonpayment if the tax collector files a tax
lien and auctions a certificate, the cert holder can force a sale to get paid in the
3rd year. So what difference does it make WHO pays the tax so long as it gets
paid?
Do you know of any case law on any of these or the below points?
He responded:
No, it’s still criminal. Yes the APer has to pay the taxes. If someone else pays the taxes and
gets a tax deed, they become the owner and are entitled to enforce a writ of possession five
days after the tax deed sale. Yes there is case law on this, but it would be time consuming for
me to research it and spell it all out.
Government operatives must see existing laws as harmonious with one another. Thus,
for example, a person who moves into someone’s abandoned house thereby trespasses.
However, a person who takes adverse possession of the same house in accordance with
law thereby exercises a right inherited from English law. For the trespass, the sheriff
may remove the trespasser. For AP, the sheriff may not remove the trespasser unless a
court issues the owner a writ of possession. And, expectably, the court will issue that
writ if petitioned by the owner.
Likewise, one commits grand theft by depriving an owner of the exercise of possessory
dominion over the owner’s realty; the sheriff may remove the interloper in shackles.
However one commits no crime by taking adverse possession of realty which the owner
abandoned; the sheriff on his own initiative must leave the APer alone, even if requested
by the owner to eject the adverse possessor. The owner may remove the APer only
through the sheriff acting under authority of a writ of possession issued by a court. And
in this latter case, the APer has the right to receive notice of the action and to speak in
his own interest on the matter to the judge in court. So goes my theory.
“No Person can sell a thing he does not own, unless as the duly authorized agent
of the owner. Nemo Dat Quod Non Habet.”
Barnard v. Norwich & W.R. Co., 2F. Cas. 841, 845 (Cir. Ct. D. Mass. 1876).
However, if an owner abandoned the realty, that owner has effectively said “I don’t want
it any more and I’ll have nothing to do with it.” In such a case the doctrine of “finders
keepers” should apply. Thus, one who takes AP of that abandoned realty should have
the right to claim not only possessory dominion, but also out-and-out de facto
ownership of the realty. And so the doctrine of “losers weepers” should apply.
In such a case, the rightful owner effectively says “I authorize anyone who wishes to take
possession and dispose of this realty as that possessor desires.” Abandonment
constitutes such a bequeathal. And the APer should have the right to get a court to
confirm it by awarding a deed to the APer. So goes my theory.
Tax Deed
I can think of only one other method that does not require cooperation of the owner: tax
deed. The APer could seek abandoned realty on which the owner owes unpaid tax. This
will become difficult because most abandoned realty sits in some phase of foreclosure.
In that case, the foreclosure plaintiff pays the tax from his own pocket or from an escrow
account established on the owner’s behalf and not yet depleted. However, finding such
realty, the APer should take AP and buy the tax lien certificate, rather than pay the tax
outright.
This makes sense strategically because the buyer of the tax lien certificate can force a tax
deed sale in the third year of ownership of the certificate. At that auction, the buyer of
the tax lien certificate might have the opportunity to become the sole bidder and then
purchase the property for the tax owed plus the interest.
Some law enforcers foolishly think an APer must do comply with all the AP law
requirements for 7 years before taking possession. One complained that the APer had
not complied with the law because of not having yet filed a notice of AP 2 months into
the AP.
“I think the deputies feel economic jealousy. They see low-income families
moving into nice houses in nice neighborhoods, nicer than the deputies can
afford, and pay only $600 a month. It makes the deputies angry. The think to
themselves ‘Oh HELL no. This is NOT going to happen. Not on MY watch. Not
in MY town.” And so they try to ruin the APer’s life.”
1. Virtually every single-family residential real estate purchase has appraisal fraud
at its base,
Realistically, a properly trained and motivated foreclosure defense warrior can become a
dangerous marauder of the plaintiff’s financial empire and win treble compensatory
damages and enormous punitive awards for exposing predatory lending and
securitization fraud. At the very least they can derail the foreclosure sale of the AP
realty. And if they play their cards right, their efforts can result in prosecutions of
plaintiffs and their counsel for their frauds and criminal malfeasance.
Even without proper training, an APer/owner can hire experts in finding and analyzing
the fraud in appraisals, mortgage loans, foreclosures, securitization, and taxation. Such
experts and remorseless litigation can bring big rewards, enough to make AP s highly
successful enterprise.
For the above reasons, abandoneers might gladly execute a quitclaim deed to the APer
in exchange for $100 or an agreement to share some of the proceeds of a litigation win.
In general, it makes sense to have the owner’s good will and cooperation as a witness.
For example, an APer should strive to obtain copies of all the owner’s realty purchase,
loan, and foreclosure-related documents, and all maintenance records on the realty.
Thus, an APer should strive to build a good relationship if any with the owner.
--