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Selecting A Statistical Test

This document provides information on selecting statistical tests based on the type of data. It indicates that there are two main types of tests - parametric and non-parametric. Parametric tests have assumptions about the underlying data distribution (e.g. normal) while non-parametric tests make fewer assumptions. The document provides tables to guide selection of the appropriate correlation, independent samples, repeated measures, and ANOVA tests depending on factors like the number of samples and groups, whether samples are matched or independent, and characteristics of the data distribution.

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مهنوش جوادی پورفر
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61 views

Selecting A Statistical Test

This document provides information on selecting statistical tests based on the type of data. It indicates that there are two main types of tests - parametric and non-parametric. Parametric tests have assumptions about the underlying data distribution (e.g. normal) while non-parametric tests make fewer assumptions. The document provides tables to guide selection of the appropriate correlation, independent samples, repeated measures, and ANOVA tests depending on factors like the number of samples and groups, whether samples are matched or independent, and characteristics of the data distribution.

Uploaded by

مهنوش جوادی پورفر
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Selecting a statistical test

There are two types of test data and consequently different types of analysis. As the table below shows, parametric data has an underlying
normal distribution which allows for more conclusions to be drawn as the shape can be mathematically described. Anything else is
non-parametric.
  Parametric Non-parametric
Assumed distribution Normal Any
Assumed variance Homogeneous Any
Typical data Ratio or Interval Ordinal or Nominal
Data set relationships Independent Any
Usual central measure Mean Median
Simplicity; Less affected by
Benefits Can draw more conclusions
outliers
Tests    
Choosing Choosing parametric test Choosing a non-parametric test
Correlation test Pearson Spearman
Independent measures, 2 groups Independent-measures t-test Mann-Whitney test
Independent measures, >2 One-way, independent-measures
Kruskal-Wallis test
groups ANOVA
Repeated measures, 2 conditions Matched-pair t-test Wilcoxon test
Repeated measures, >2 One-way, repeated measures
Friedman's test
conditions ANOVA

Choosing parametric test


Choosing the test
How many separate samples?
1 How many scores for each subject?
Is standard deviation known?
1 Y z-score
N Single-sample t-test
2 Matched-pair t-test
>2 Repeated-measures ANOVA
Matched samples? (N = independent)
2 Y Matched-pair t-test
N Independent-measures t-test
Matched samples? (N = independent)
Y Repeated-measures ANOVA
>2 How many independent variables?
N 1 Single-factor ANOVA
2 Two-factor ANOVA

 
Choosing a non-parametric test
Choosing the test
How many separate samples?
How many scores for each subject?
How many measurement categories?
1 2 Binomial test
1 2+ Chi-square test for goodness of fit
Can difference scores be ranked?
2 Y Wilcoxon test
N Sign test
Matched samples? (N = independent)
Can difference scores be ranked?
Y Y Wilcoxon test
N Sign test
2
Can scores be ranked with few tied values? (independent samples only)
Y Median test
N
Y Mann-Whitney test
N Chi-square test for independence
Can scores be ranked with few tied values? (independent samples only)
Y Median test
>2
N Chi-square test for independence
N Krushkal-Wallas test
 

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