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    Graph Theory 1

    Uploaded by

    Gayan Attanayake
    1. The document discusses using similar triangles to derive the equation of a straight line graph. It shows two similar triangles, ABC and AGD, formed by a general point G on the line and two fixed points A and B. 2. Using the properties of similar triangles, the document derives an equation relating the y-coordinate of any point (X,Y) on the line to the y-coordinates of points A and B and their x-coordinates. 3. The key step is setting up the proportionality between the triangles: (YB - YC)(XC - XA) = (Y - YD)(XD - XA). This leads to the final equation for the straight line

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Graph Theory 1

    Uploaded by

    Gayan Attanayake
    79 views2 pages
    1. The document discusses using similar triangles to derive the equation of a straight line graph. It shows two similar triangles, ABC and AGD, formed by a general point G on the line and two fixed points A and B. 2. Using the properties of similar triangles, the document derives an equation relating the y-coordinate of any point (X,Y) on the line to the y-coordinates of points A and B and their x-coordinates. 3. The key step is setting up the proportionality between the triangles: (YB - YC)(XC - XA) = (Y - YD)(XD - XA). This leads to the final equation for the straight line

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    1. The document discusses using similar triangles to derive the equation of a straight line graph. It shows two similar triangles, ABC and AGD, formed by a general point G on the line and two fixed points A and B. 2. Using the properties of similar triangles, the document derives an equation relating the y-coordinate of any point (X,Y) on the line to the y-coordinates of points A and B and their x-coordinates. 3. The key step is setting up the proportionality between the triangles: (YB - YC)(XC - XA) = (Y - YD)(XD - XA). This leads to the final equation for the straight line

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    79 views2 pages

    Graph Theory 1

    Uploaded by

    Gayan Attanayake
    1. The document discusses using similar triangles to derive the equation of a straight line graph. It shows two similar triangles, ABC and AGD, formed by a general point G on the line and two fixed points A and B. 2. Using the properties of similar triangles, the document derives an equation relating the y-coordinate of any point (X,Y) on the line to the y-coordinates of points A and B and their x-coordinates. 3. The key step is setting up the proportionality between the triangles: (YB - YC)(XC - XA) = (Y - YD)(XD - XA). This leads to the final equation for the straight line

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Graph Theory – Straight Line Graphs

    Tutorial

    1. Fundamental theorem from similar triangles

    Here, ABC and AB1C1 are similar triangles.


    Therefore, they hold:

    BC B1C1 BC AB
    = 1
    ⇒ 1 1=
    AB AB BC AB1

    Figure 1: Similar Triangles - ABC and AB1C1

    2. Fundamentals of straight-line graphs


    I. Obtaining the rule (general equation) of a linear (straight-line) graph by using similar
    triangles

    Figure 2: Straight-line Graph

    Figure 2 represents a straight-line graph with fixed points: A and B and a general point G along the
    line. They have the coordinates (XA,YA) , (XB,YB) and (X,Y) respectively. The extensions of lines
    GD and BC are perpendicular to the X axis, thus they are parallel to each other. Hence, ABC and
    AGD are similar triangles.
    Graph Theory – Straight Line Graphs
    Tutorial

    • According to the figure we can find that:


    XC = X B
    XD = X
    Y=
    D Y=
    C YA

    • Thus the points C and D can be represented as:


    C ≡ ( X C , YC ) ≡ ( X B , YA )
    D ≡ ( X D , YD ) ≡ ( X , YA )

    Since ABC and AGD are similar triangles, they hold:

    BC AC
    =
    GD AD

    (YB − YC ) ( X C − X A )
    =
    (Y − YD ) ( X D − X A )

    (YB − YA ) ( X B − X A )
    = (1)
    (Y − YA ) (X − X A)

    After simplifying the equation (1), we can obtain:

    (Y − Y ) (Y − Y )
    Y = B A X − B A X A + YA
    (XB − X A) (XB − X A)
    NB: Please DON’T memorize this equation.

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