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    Triple Roles of Women

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    Clarinda Munoz
    The document discusses the triple roles of women in households, between households, and outside of households. It also discusses the gender division of labor and how this embodies and perpetuates the subordination of women to men. While the division of labor varies between cultures, there is no natural reason why gender should determine the social division of labor. The document also examines reproductive work, productive work, and community managing work that are primarily undertaken by women. It notes that reproductive work is undervalued and constrains women's position in the labor market, while productive work sees women working unequally due to the rigidity of the gender division of labor. Finally, the document discusses strategic gender needs which challenge existing gender roles and practical gender needs

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    Triple Roles of Women

    Uploaded by

    Clarinda Munoz
    5K views22 pages
    The document discusses the triple roles of women in households, between households, and outside of households. It also discusses the gender division of labor and how this embodies and perpetuates the subordination of women to men. While the division of labor varies between cultures, there is no natural reason why gender should determine the social division of labor. The document also examines reproductive work, productive work, and community managing work that are primarily undertaken by women. It notes that reproductive work is undervalued and constrains women's position in the labor market, while productive work sees women working unequally due to the rigidity of the gender division of labor. Finally, the document discusses strategic gender needs which challenge existing gender roles and practical gender needs

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    The document discusses the triple roles of women in households, between households, and outside of households. It also discusses the gender division of labor and how this embodies and perpetuates the subordination of women to men. While the division of labor varies between cultures, there is no natural reason why gender should determine the social division of labor. The document also examines reproductive work, productive work, and community managing work that are primarily undertaken by women. It notes that reproductive work is undervalued and constrains women's position in the labor market, while productive work sees women working unequally due to the rigidity of the gender division of labor. Finally, the document discusses strategic gender needs which challenge existing gender roles and practical gender needs

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    5K views22 pages

    Triple Roles of Women

    Uploaded by

    Clarinda Munoz
    The document discusses the triple roles of women in households, between households, and outside of households. It also discusses the gender division of labor and how this embodies and perpetuates the subordination of women to men. While the division of labor varies between cultures, there is no natural reason why gender should determine the social division of labor. The document also examines reproductive work, productive work, and community managing work that are primarily undertaken by women. It notes that reproductive work is undervalued and constrains women's position in the labor market, while productive work sees women working unequally due to the rigidity of the gender division of labor. Finally, the document discusses strategic gender needs which challenge existing gender roles and practical gender needs

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    Triple Roles of Women

    Caroline Moser

    Gender Division of Labor (GDOL)


    In HH, between HH and outside HH, outside HH Stereotype of man as breadwinner, woman as homemaker Man as primary income earner, woman as secondary income earner

    Gender Relations and GDOL


    Subordination of women to men GDOL embodies and perpetuates female subordination Some tasks allocated to women, others to men, vary between cultures Economic change, change in nature of work, distribution between men and women

    Gender Relations and GDOL


    Two premises of GDOL challenged: 1. it is natural 2. division between male breadwinner and female homemaker based on complementarity of roles, different but equal No reason why gender should be organizing principle of social division of labor, except in childbearing

    Gender Relations and GDOL


    Western capitalism and its separation of production and reproduction responsible for artificial division Difference in value placed on work of women and men

    Reproductive work
    Childbearing/rearing, domestic tasks, guarantees maintenance and reproduction of the labor force Biological reproduction and care and maintenance of the workforce and future workforce Biological determinism, extended to care of adults

    Reproductive work
    Reproduction of labor: care and maintenance of individuals throughout their lives to ensure continuation of society Social reproduction: includes broader processes by which main production relations in society are recreated and perpetuated

    Reproductive work
    Industrial revolution: modern cash economy divorced from subsistence economy Maternal deprivation Even if waged employee, womans primary occupation is wife and mother Invisible and undervalued No clear separation between work and leisure

    Reproductive work
    Economic cost of reproductive work Paid work: exchange value Reproductive work: use value Extraordinarily rigid at a global level Weakens position in labor market: low wages and poor conditions

    Productive work
    Work done by women and men for payment in cash or kind Market production with exchange value Subsistence/home production with use value and potential exchange value Most low income women have important productive roles

    Productive work
    Area where women and men work unequally because of rigidity of GDOL Work in both formal and informal sectors, family enterprises GDOL reinforces womens subordinate position in productive work Segregation in labor market: women predominate in lower end

    Productive work
    Nimble fingers, cheapest, docile for tedious, monotonous waged work Informal sector: issues of access to credit, markets, raw materials

    Community managing work


    Activities undertaken primarily by women at the community level Extension of their reproductive role Provision and maintenance of scarce resources for collective consumption: water, health care, education Voluntary, unpaid

    Community managing work


    Community politics role of men Seen as naturally womens work Mobilization and organization at community level a natural extension of domestic work

    Practical and Strategic Gender Needs


    Caroline Moser

    Interests and needs


    Interests: prioritized concerns Needs: means by which interests are satisfied e.g. strategic gender interest: more equal society strategic gender need: abolition of GDOL practical gender interest: human survival practical gender need: water provision

    Strategic gender needs (SGN)


    Needs women identify because of their subordinate position to men in society Vary according to context Relate to gdol, power, and control e.g. legal rights, equal wages, womens control over their bodies

    Strategic gender needs


    Meeting these help women achieve greater equality Challenges existing roles and womens subordinate position Feminist, needs bottom-up struggle Womens real interests

    Practical gender needs (PGN)


    Needs women identify in their socially accepted roles in society Do not challenge the gdol and womens subordinate position in society, though arising out of them Response to immediate perceived necessity w/in a specific context

    Practical gender needs


    Practical in nature Concerned with living conditions such as water provision, health care, employment Policies to meet PGN focus on domestic arena, IGPs, housing and basic services

    Practical gender needs


    Basic needs required by entire family but identified as PGN of women

    Maraming salamat! Thank you very much!

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