Know Victorian attitudes toward marital love and sex o Sex in general was bad for you; giving

off your liquids was said to lower your health, youd want to keep them and not have sex. Prostitutes were widely accepted. They put covers on tables legs because they were too revealing, etc. How has HIV changed American sexual behavior? o It made people think more about protection during sexual interactions, abstinence, also led to negative attitudes towards homosexuals (because it was prominent in these people) and blamed them for the cause of HIV. What factors contributed to changes in sexual attitudes in the 1960s and 1970s? o The sexual revolution: support from science and technology, new emphasis on autonomy, role changes for men and women, sexual education, new perspectives for sexual orientations, change in types of sex. What is the NHSLS? o The national health and social life survey, also known as the sex survey. Know Richard von Kraft-Ebings theories on sexuality and mental illness. o Published Psychopathia Sexualis; it portrays various forms of sexual behavior as disgusting and pathological. He grouped these sexual behaviors into 4 categories, sadism, masochism, fetishism, and homosexuality. He stated that masturbation was unhealthy, was the cause of mental illness, and for psychos, could kill you. Know the relationship between womens status and research on contraceptives. o The higher a womans status the more the research for contraceptives was looked into? (not sure) Know the contributions of Sigmund Freud, Henry Havelock Ellis, and Alfred Kinsey to the study of human sexuality. o Sigmund Freud: All about psychosexual, the unconscious, everything was related to sexual desires, said that if adults had problems it was because of something in their childhood. Henry Havelock Ellis: He changed the sexual attitudes for sex after the Victorian era, sexual mores are determined by cultural and social influences, masturbation was common, suggested that theres a spectrum for your sexual orientation, womens desire for sex was as great as man, problems achieving erection/orgasm are psychological. Alfred Kinsey: A zoologist who moved into sexuality, applied statistics instead of sole conclusions, realized that little information on sex was available so interviewed people about their sex lives, generalized. What aspects of sexuality were studied by Masters and Johnson? o Looked at sexual functioning: the physiology of human sexual response and the treatment of sexual dysfunction.

What is a random sample? Why is it important? o A random sample is individuals selected at random. Its important because it reduces the chance of bias and pattern in research results. What was the sin of Onan? What significance is attached to it? o Coitus Interruptess, Onan pulled out during sex because he didnt want to impregnate his dead brothers wife so his brother could reach immortality. Masturbation became wrongful. Know the role of priestesses in Mesopotamia. o Priestesses were also the prostitutes, once a year the king would have sex with the best priestess. What roles did sex play in Mesopotamia? o Sex was connected spiritually to them. They believed it was civilizing and a healing force. (Gilgamesh) What were the early Egyptians attitudes toward sexuality? o Egyptians had barely any restrictions on sex. They didnt even have a word for virginity. Spirituality and sex went hand in hand, sex continued after death, recreation and procreation. What is the practice of pederasty? o A relationship involving a boy and a mentor, he has the right to abuse him sexually, its approved upon. Compare and contrast Hataire, Porne, and wives. What was the main purpose of sex in ancient Judaism? How did ancient Jews feel about homosexuality? o They believed it was wrong and frowned upon; could be stoned. How did classical Greeks feel about homosexuality? o Classical Greeks enjoyed homosexuality, about everyone was somewhat homosexual and had a same sex partner. Male-Male is the highest form of love. What is Tantric sex? o Sex for a very long time.

What do some historians believe about the origins of the sexual attitudes of Jesus disciple Paul? o Paul was a rich tax collector who put down a dowry for a mans daughter. The man accepted but once the girl said she didnt want to her father backed out. Paul felt rejected and changed all the views on sex to negative. What is a case study? What is laboratory observation?

o A case study is in depths look at the person and how they could be helped in a sexual way. A laboratory observation is when people go into laboratories for a certain period and are observed by the researchers.

What is a Eurocentric approach? o Sees things in black or white, one way or another. People must be masculine or feminine. What is erotocentricity? o The way we do sex is the right way, not open to other ways of sex. Be able to distinguish between procreational / traditional, relational, and recreational attitudes towards human sexuality. o Procreational: Sex is for having kids, thats it. Relational: Sex is for relationships, and only between your mate. Recreational: Sex by expression, for fun.

Chapter 2 Know basic female anatomical parts such as vulva, mons, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, fourchette, perineum, prepuce, and Bartholins glands. o vulva is known as the external parts of the vagina. The mons are the pubes. Labia majora, outer lips. Labia minora inner lips. clit is the clit. Fourchette is the bottom opening of the vagina. o Perineum the skin between genitals and anus. o Prepuce is the clitoral hood. o Bartholin glands-between inner and outer lips provide lubrication What makes the clitoris unique among sexual organs? o Has a bajillion nerve endings? What is a clitoridectomy? What about infibulations? o A clitoridectomy is the removal of the clitoris. Infibulation is the removal of the clit and inner lips. What is a lovers knot? What is vaginismus? What is dyspareunia? o Vaginiusmus is involuntary spasms of the vagina muscle making penetration difficult or impossible. Dyspareunia is pain during intercourse. What does research suggest about douching?

o Research suggests that douching is dangerous, it can force disease organisms into the uterus, causes pelvic inflammatory disease. Know the different types of hymens. o Annular is round and has a partial cover Septate has one strand down the middle Cribriform looks spider webbish Imperforate: the hymen has no opening. What is important for women to know in the conduct of genital self examination? o If there is bumps, sores, or blisters you need to see a doctor. Consistency or color/smell of discharge, infections etc. What is a pap smear? What is a mammography? o A pap smear is an internal or pelvic examination. A mammography is an xray technique used to discover small breast tumors. What are the two primary functions of the ovaries? o Secretion of two female sex hormones (estrogen and pro-gesterone) and the maturation of egg cells. Where does fertilization take place? What is the importance of the PC muscle? o The PC muscle is important in orgasmic response and we can control contractions How do we detect breast cancer? o We detect breast cancer by having a mammogram which detects even the small brest tumors. What are the effects of menopause? o Hormonal imbalances, mood alterations, depression, irritability, hot flashes, gain weight, change in skin and hair color

Chapter 3 Know basic male anatomical parts such as seminiferous tubules, epididymis, glans, corona, frenulum, scrotum, vasa efferentia, vas deferens. o Seminiferous tubules- tightly coiled tubules in the testes in which sperm cells are formed. 1-3ft long o Epididymis- tubular structure on each testis in which sperm cells mature o Glans- the sensitive head of the penis o Corona- the ridge around the penile glans o Frenulum- thin, tightly drawn fold of the skin on the underside, highly sensitive o Scrotum- pouch of skin o Vasa efferentia- sperm move after being produced in the semiferious tubules o Vas deferens- leads sperm upward from each testis to the seminal vesicles Where are sperm formed? Where do they mature? o Sperm is formed in the seminiferous tubes, they mature in the epididymis.

What is retrograde ejaculation? o Abnormal passage of semen into the urinary bladder at the time of ejaculation How does scrotal temperature affect sperm production? o Sperm count decrease when cold, have to be at a temperature cooler then the body What is the corpus cavernosa? What about corpus spongiosum? Where are they located? What is their importance? o Corpus cavernosa and corupus spongiosum are layers of erectile tissue full of nerves and blood vessels, located in the shaft of the penis, important because it holds the erection. How does the penis become erect? o The corpus cavernosa and spongiosum become engorged with blood What are the most sensitive areas of the penis? o Frenulum and corona What is phimosis? What about priapism? o Phimosis is a condition in which the penile foreskin is too long and tight to retract easily. o Priapism is continual undesired and painful erection of the penis that lasts longer than 4 hours. What issues surround penis size? o There is no basis that penile size affects mans ability to provide satisfacction What happens during male circumcision? What do we know about circumcision? o During male circumcision the foreskin is surgically removed, exposes the head. Less likely to get HIV, but more likely syphilis and gonorrhea. What does semen contain? Where is semen produced? o Protein, fat, enzymes, sperm, hormones, alkaline substance. Semen is produced in the prostate. What are Cowpers glands? o The Cowpers glands are two small glands in the male that secrete an alkaline fluid into the urethra during sexual arousal. What do we know about coitus interruptus as a birth control method? How come? o It is not effective because pre cum can have sperm What is masculine menopause? How does this affect men? o Masculine menopause is andropause which defines a male midlife characterized by hormonal, psychological, and sexual changes. It increases anxiety, depression, insomnia, loss of appetite, fatigue, reduces testosterone levels and sexual drive What is the prostate gland? Why is it important? o The prostate gland is a gland located below the urinary bladder and it produces secretions in semen.