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MATLAB As A Calculator

1. The document provides an overview of key MATLAB commands and functions for performing calculations, working with arrays, matrices, and images. 2. It demonstrates how to define variables, perform basic math operations, create vectors and matrices, access elements, perform element-wise operations, and load/save image data. 3. Examples show how to use commands like linspace, logspace, zeros, ones, sin, and operations like addition, multiplication, and accessing submatrices and elements.

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hodit_rnsit
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
92 views

MATLAB As A Calculator

1. The document provides an overview of key MATLAB commands and functions for performing calculations, working with arrays, matrices, and images. 2. It demonstrates how to define variables, perform basic math operations, create vectors and matrices, access elements, perform element-wise operations, and load/save image data. 3. Examples show how to use commands like linspace, logspace, zeros, ones, sin, and operations like addition, multiplication, and accessing submatrices and elements.

Uploaded by

hodit_rnsit
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATLAB as a calculator Double click on MATLAB icon Type the below commands on MATLAB the command window and

observe the outputs. Command remarks >> 8*sqrt(30)+pi After typing in the expression hit return/enter key. ans = The result of an unassigned expression is saved in the default 46.9594 variable ans. pi is defined as 3.1416 in MATLAB >> x=(cos(pi/4))^2 We can assign the value of an expression to a variable ex. x x= A semicolon at the end suppresses the screen output. We can 0.5000 recall the value of x by simply typing in x >> format short e >> format long The floating point output display >> pi >> pi is controlled by the format ans = ans = command. 3.1416e+000 3.14159265358979 >>(2+3.2i)*exp(pi/2*i) 2+3.2*i as complex only if i i & j are 1 2+3.2i ans = (or j) has not been assigned is always interpreted -3.2000e+000 +2.0000e+000i any local value as complex number Working with arrays (vectors) >> x=[1 2 3] >>y=[1;2;3] x is a row vector with 3 elements; y is a column >> w=[2 4 5]; x= y= vector. We can add or subtract 2 vectors of the >> f=w+x 1 2 3 1 same size but not add a row & column vectors f= 2 >> r =x+y ??? Error using ==> + 3 6 8 3 Matrix dimensions must agree. >> t=linspace(0,5,3) Create a vector t with 3 elements linearly t = 0 2.5000 5.0000 spaced b/w 0 & 5 >> t=logspace(0,5,3) Create a vector t with 3 elements t = 1.0e+005 * logarithmically spaced b/w 100 & 105 0.0000 0.0032 1.0000 >> v=2:5:35 V=initial value: Increment : final value v = 2 7 12 17 22 27 32 >> v=2:7 Default increment is 1 if it is not specified v= 2 3 4 5 6 7 >> u = zeros(1,5) >> u = ones(1,5) Creating vectors of all ones u= 0 0 0 0 0 u= 1 1 1 1 1 & zeros >> a=x.*w a = 2 8 15 >> a=x./w a = 0.5000 0.5000 0.6000 >> b=2*x b= 2 4 6 Multiply or divide the elements of two same sized vectors term by term with the array operator .* or ./ No dot required for scalar multiplication Trigonometric functions-sin,cos,etc & elementary math functions- sqrt,exp,log,etc operate on vectors term by term Y=sin(x); z=sqrt(x).*y;

Exercises: 1.Create a vector t with 10 elements:2,4,6,.. & compute the following quantities: sin(t 2 ) a)x=tsin(t) b) c = 1+ t

Working with Matrices >> A=[1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9] A= 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >> A(2,1) >> B=A(2:3,1:3) ans = 4 B= 4 5 6 7 8 9 B(:,2)=[]-deletes 2nd column A Transpose eye(m,n) zeros(m,n) m by n matrix of zeros help elmat help specmat

Matrices are entered row-wise. Rows are separated by semicolons and columns are separated by spaces or commas Element Aij is accessed as A(i,j) Submatrix of A -by using range specifiers. : as a row or column index specifies all rows or columns of the matrix >> B=A(2:3,:) B=4 5 6 7 8 9

Row or column of a matrix deleted by setting it to a null vector []. diag(A)-diagonal of matrix A as a vector m by n matrix with 1s on the main diagonal ones(m,n) rand(m,n) m by n matrix of ones m by n matrix of random numbers ROT90, FLIPUD, FLIPLR, FLIPDIM, TRIL,TRIU,RESHAPE Hadamard,hankel,hilb,pascal,toeplitz,vander,magic

Working with images Create an image using, say, paintbrush (attributes -> 100 pixels for height & width) & save as eg., pall1.jpeg or pall.bmp. Load the data file using File -> Import Data from MATLAB menu file & click finish. Observe a variable by name pall created in the workspace >> pall(20:23,13:16) ans = 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 128 128 255 255 128 128 > save imagdata pall pall1 >> clear >> load imagdata File watpsnr.m n=[1 2 3 4]; d=[2 3 4 5 8]; bode(n,d) grid rlocus(n,d) Extract a part of this image matrix. >> pall1(20:23,13:16) ans = 249 255 244 249 255 216 245 243 169 239 237 140 253 226 170 138

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