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Ingress Protection Rating: First Digit

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Ingress protection rating

International standard IEC 60529 classifies the level of protection that electrical appliances provide against the intrusion of solid objects or dust, accidental contact, and water. The resulting ingress protection rating is identified by a code that consists of the letters IP followed by two digits and an optional letter. The digits ('characteristic numerals') indicate conformity with the conditions summarized in the tables below. Where there is no protection rating with regard to one of the criteria, the digit is replaced with the letter X. For example, an electrical socket rated IP22 is protected against insertion of fingers and will not be damaged or become unsafe when exposed to vertically or nearly vertically dripping water. IP22 or IP2X are typical minimum requirements for the design of electrical accessories for in-door use. One source reports that the Australian national standard AS 1939 adds to the international standard a third optional digit, which indicates protection against mechanical impact damage. It ranges from 0 for no protection to 9 for protection against 20 joule impacts (equivalent to 5 kg dropped from 40 cm). First digit The first digit indicates the level of protection that the enclosure provides against access to hazardous parts (e.g., electrical conductors, moving parts) and the ingress of solid foreign objects. Object size Level Effective against protected against 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 >50 mm >12.5 mm >2.5 mm >1 mm dust protected dust tight no protection against contact and ingress of objects any large surface of the body, such as the back of a hand, but no protection against deliberate contact with a body part fingers or similar objects tools, thick wires, etc. most wires, screws, etc. ingress of dust is not entirely prevented, but it must not enter in sufficient quantity to interfere with the satisfactory operation of the equipment; complete protection against contact no ingress of dust; complete protection against contact

Second digit Protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against harmful ingress of water.

Level Protected against 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 not protected dripping water

Details Dripping water (vertically falling drops) shall have no harmful effect.

dripping water when Vertically dripping water shall have no harmful effect when the enclosure is tilted up to 15 tilted at an angle up to 15 from its normal position. spraying water splashing water water jets heavy seas the effects of immersion submersion Water falling as a spray at any angle up to 60 from the vertical shall have no harmful effect. Water splashing against the enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effect. Water projected by a nozzle against enclosure from any direction shall have no harmful effects. Water from heavy seas or projected in powerful jets shall not enter the enclosure in harmful quantities. Ingress of water in harmful quantity shall not be possible when the enclosure is immersed in water under defined conditions of pressure and time. The equipment is suitable for continuous submersion in water under conditions which shall be specified by the manufacturer. NOTE: Normally, this will mean that the equipment is hermetically sealed. However, with certain types of equipment, it can mean that water can enter but only in such a manner that produces no harmful effects.

Next page gives you Ready refernce of IP ratings.

Additional letters
The standard defines additional letters that can be appended to classify only the level of protection against access to hazardous parts by persons:

Level A B C D

Protected against access to hazardous parts with back of hand finger Tool wire

Further letters can be appended to provide additional information related to the protection of the device: Letter Meaning H M S W high voltage device device moving during water test device standing still during water test weather conditions

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