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    Kinds of Rocks Sedimentary Rocks

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    lhors17
    The document describes different types of rocks including igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks form from lava or magma and can be either extrusive or intrusive. Sedimentary rocks like coal, limestone, conglomerate, and sandstone form from the compaction or chemical precipitation of material. Metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of older igneous or sedimentary rocks by heat and pressure, changing their composition and structure. Many types of rocks have commercial uses like construction, abrasives, and dimension stone.

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    Kinds of Rocks Sedimentary Rocks

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    lhors17
    54 views2 pages
    The document describes different types of rocks including igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks form from lava or magma and can be either extrusive or intrusive. Sedimentary rocks like coal, limestone, conglomerate, and sandstone form from the compaction or chemical precipitation of material. Metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of older igneous or sedimentary rocks by heat and pressure, changing their composition and structure. Many types of rocks have commercial uses like construction, abrasives, and dimension stone.

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    Kinds of Rocks

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    Kinds of Rocks

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    The document describes different types of rocks including igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks form from lava or magma and can be either extrusive or intrusive. Sedimentary rocks like coal, limestone, conglomerate, and sandstone form from the compaction or chemical precipitation of material. Metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of older igneous or sedimentary rocks by heat and pressure, changing their composition and structure. Many types of rocks have commercial uses like construction, abrasives, and dimension stone.

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    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    54 views2 pages

    Kinds of Rocks Sedimentary Rocks

    Uploaded by

    lhors17
    The document describes different types of rocks including igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks form from lava or magma and can be either extrusive or intrusive. Sedimentary rocks like coal, limestone, conglomerate, and sandstone form from the compaction or chemical precipitation of material. Metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of older igneous or sedimentary rocks by heat and pressure, changing their composition and structure. Many types of rocks have commercial uses like construction, abrasives, and dimension stone.

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    KINDS OF ROCKS SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

    Igneous rocks are made from lava or magma. Lava and magma are made of hot, melted minerals. Lava is found on or near the Earths surface. Magma is found far beneath the Earths surface.

    Extrusive igneous rocks are made from lava that cooled quickly. Extrusive rocks generally have either no crystals or very tiny crystals. Intrusive igneous rocks are made from slow-cooling magma. Intrusive rocks have large crystals. pumice, basalt, obsidian, scoria, rhyolite, andesite Intrusive igneous rocks: granite, gabbro, diorite

    COAL: A sedimentary rock, formed from decayed plants, is mainly used in power plants to make electricity.

    LIMESTONE: A sedimentary rock, it is used mainly in the manufacture of Portland cement, the production of lime, manufacture of paper, petrochemicals, insecticides, linoleum, fiberglass, glass, carpet backing and as the coating on many types of chewing gum.

    CONGLOMERATE: A sedimentary rock with a variable hardness, consisted of rounded or angular rock or mineral fragments cemented by silica, lime, iron oxide, etc. Usually found in mostly thick, crudely stratified layers. Used in the construction industry.\

    SANDSTONE: A sedimentary rock more or less rounded. Generally thick-bedded, varicolored, rough feel due to uneven surface produced by breaking around the grains. Used principally for construction, it is easy to work, the red-brown sandstone of Triassic age, better known as "brownstone," has been used in many eastern cities.

    Shale is used as a raw material for making many types of brick, tile, pipe, pottery and other manufactured products. Brick and tile are some of the most extensively used and highly desired materials for building homes.

    IGNEOUS ROCKS

    Igneous rocks are made from lava or magma. Lava and magma are made of hot, melted minerals. Lava is found on or near the Earths surface. Magma is found far beneath the Earths surface.

    Extrusive igneous rocks are made from lava that cooled quickly. Extrusive rocks generally have either no crystals or very tiny crystals. Intrusive igneous rocks are made from slow-cooling magma. Intrusive rocks have large crystals. pumice, basalt, obsidian, scoria, rhyolite, andesite Intrusive igneous rocks: granite, gabbro, diorite

    Granite has been used for thousands of years in both interior and exterior applications. Rough-cut and polished granite is used in buildings, bridges, paving, monuments and many other exterior projects. Indoors, polished granite slabs and tiles are used in countertops, tile floors, stair treads and many other practical and decorative features.

    ....CONT. (Igneous rocks)

    PUMICE: An igneous-volcanic rock, it is a porous, brittle variety of rhyolite and is light enough to float. It is formed when magma of granite composition erupts at the earths surface or intrudes the crust at shallow depths. It is used as an abrasive material in hand soaps, emery boards, etc.

    GABBRO: An igneous-plutonic rock, generally massive, but may exhibit a layered structure produced by successive layers of different mineral composition. It is widely used as crushed stone for concrete aggregate, road metal, railroad ballast, etc. Smaller quantities are cut and polished for dimension stone (called black granite).

    BASALT: An igneous volcanic rock, dark gray to black, it is the volcanic equivalent of plutonic gabbro and is rich in ferromagnesian minerals. Basalt can be used in aggregate.

    METAMORPHIC ROCKS

    Metamorphic rocks are made from older rocks, either igneous or sedimentary. These rocks are changed by great heat and/or pressure deep beneath the earths surface. The heat and pressure makes crystals in the rock. If the rock already has crystals, the heat makes the c rystals larger. Sometimes the pressure flattens the crystals into layers.

    SCHIST: A metamorphic uneven-granular, medium to coarse grained, crystalline with prominent parallel mineral orientation. Goes from silvery white to all shades of gray with yellow to brown tones depending on the mineral concentration. Some schists have graphite and some are used as building stones.

    GNEISS: A metamorphic uneven granular medium to coarse grained crystalline with more or less parallel mineral orientation. Colors are too variable to be of diagnostic value. Due to physical and chemical similarity between many gneisses and plutonic igneous rocks some are used as building stones and other structural purposes.

    QUARTZITE: A metamorphic or sedimentary rock with crystalline texture, consists of rounded quartz grains cemented by crystalline quartz, generally white, light gray or yellow to brown. Same uses as sandstone.

    MARBLE: A metamorphic even-granular grain to medium grained and may be uneven granular and coarse grained in calc-silicate rock. The normal color is white but accessory minerals act as coloring agents and may produce a variety of colors. Depending upon its purity, texture, color and marbled pattern it is quarried for use as dimension stone for statuary, architectural and ornamental purposes. Dolomite rich marble may be a source for magnesium and is used as an ingredient in the manufacture of refracting materials.

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