1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.

25. 26. 27. 28.

Sheep Blood agar Bacteroides Bile-esculin agar Bile esculin agar Brucella base agar Blood with kanamycin and vancomycin Phenylethyl alcohol agar (aerobic and anaerobic) Bordet-gengou Blood agar Buffered charcoal-yeast extract agar Burkholderia cepacia selective agar Campylobacter blood agar Cefsulodin-Irgansan-Novobiovin agar Chococlate agar Chromagars Simmons Citrate agar Columbia agar with antibiotics CTA sugars Egg Yolk Agar Eosin Methylene Blue Agar Hektoen Enteric Agar Lowenstein-Jensen medium Macconkey agar Macconkey sorbitol agar Mannitol salt agar Modified Thayer Martin agar Mueller Hinton agar Mueller hinton agar with 4% NaCl and 6 ug Oxacillin New York City Medium Pseudomonas cepacia agar

29. Regan-Lowe medium 30. Salmonella-Shigella agar 31. Thiogylcolate broth 32. Thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose agar 33. Tinsdale agar 34. Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) 35.KligersIronAgar(KIA) 36. Trypticase Soy Agar 37. Urea Broth 38. Urea Agar 39. Xylose-Lysine-Desoxycholate Agar 40. Vaginalis Agar

Type Enriched, Nonselective, and Differential (Detection of hemolysis) Selective and Differential Selective and Differential Nonselective nutrient medium Enriched and Selective Selective Enriched. May be made selective by adding antibiotics Nonselective and Enriched Selective and Differential Selective Selective and Differential Enriched and Nonselective Nonselective and Differential Differential Nonselective Differential Nonselective and Differential Selective and Differential Selective and Differential Nonselective Selective and Differential Selective Selective and Differential Selective Nonselective Nonselective Selective Selective

Selective Selective and Differential Nonselective Selective and Differential Selective and Differential Differential Differential Nonselective Selective Differential Selective and Differential Nonselective and Differential

Organisms That Will Grow Fastidious/Nonfastidious organisms. Ex: Staph, Strep, GPR, Most Neisseria species, etc. Isolation and Presumptive ID of Bacteroides fragilis group Isolation of Enterococcus species Cultivaton of many organisms Isolation of obligately anaerobic organisms Isolation of gram (+) organisms. Inhibition of gram (-) organisms Isolation of Bordetella pertussis and B. parapertussis Isolation of Legionella. Will also support the growth of Bordetella, Brucella, and Francisella tularensis Isolation of B. cepacia Isolation of Campylobacter jejuni subspecies jejuni and C. coli Isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica, which ferments mannitol and forms bullseye colonies. Also used to isolate Aeromonas from stool specimens Cultivation of fastidious organisms, including Haemophilus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Brucella Isolation of MRSA Gram (-) bacteria ability to utilize citrate Cultivation of many organisms Determines if organisms can ferment various carbs: maltose, lactose, sucrose. Differentiates Neisseria and Moraxella species Identifiation of certain anaerobic isolates Isolation of nonfastidious GNR. Inhibition of gram (+) organisms. E. coli (Strong lactose fermenter), Shigella and Salmonella (Non-lactose fermenters) Isolation of Salmonella and Shigella. Inhibition of gram (+) organisms and some gram (-). Cultivation of Mycobacteria Inhibition of Gram (+) organisms. Isolation of many nonfastidious GNR, Ex. Enterics. Isolation of E. coli H0157:H7 Isolation of S. aureus, which uses mannitol and turns medium yellow. Inhibition of most gram (-) and many gram (+) organisms. Isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests Isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolation of Neisseria species Isolation of Burkholderia cepacia (Previously known as Pseudomonas cepacia)

Isolation of Bordetella pertussis and B. parapertussis Isolation of Salmonella and Shigella. Inhibition of gram (+) organisms and some gram (-). Supports the growth of aerobes, anaerobes, and facultatives Isolation of Vibrio. Inhibition of many gram (+) and gram (-) organisms. Isolation of Corynebacterium diphtheriae Contains lactoe, sucrose, and glucose. Differentiates enteric organisms. Differentiates gram (-) enteric bacilli. Cultivation of fastidious and nonfastidious organisms. May be used as base for blood agar Tests for the presence of the enzyme urease Differentiates members of the Enterobacteriaceae group Isolation of Salmonella and Shigella. Inhibition of gram (+) organisms and some gram (-). Isolation of Gardnerella vaginalis, which is B-hemolytic on human blood.

Special Comments Nutritional base Inhibitors: Gentamicin and Bile Bile salts and Esculin Nutrients (Blood may be added) Inhibits gram (+) organisms Inhibitor: Phenylethyl alcohol Glycerol, potato infusion, and blood. Nutrients. Also inactivate toxic substances. Charcoal: Removes toxic substances. Nutrients: Yeast etract, cysteine, iron salts, and alpha-ketoglutarate Isolated from respiratory secretions Nutrient base, inhibitors: antimicrobial agents, blood may be added Inhibitors: Cefsulodin, irgasan, novobiocin, bile salts, crystal violet. Carb: Mannitol Nonfastidious organisms will also grow. Nutritional base, heated RBCs or other supplements None None Nutrient, blood/antibiotics may be added None None Inhibitors and pH indicators. Contains carbohydrate: lactose. Inhibitor: Bile salts. pH indicators: Acid fuchsin and bromthymol blue. Carbs: Lactose, sucrose, salicin. H2S system. Eggs, Malachite green Inhibitors: Bile salts and crystal violet. pH indicator: Neutral red. Carb: Lactose. None Inhibitor: 7.5% salt. pH indicator: Phenol red. Mannitol None Supplements may be added: Salt, cations (broth), sheep or lysed horse blood None None Contains antimicrobial agents

None Inhibitors: Bile salts, citrate, and brilliant green. pH indicator: Neutral red. Carb: Lactose. H2S system. Reducing agents: Thioglycollate, cystine, sodium sulfite. Agar: Reduces O2 diffusion. Inhibitors: Citrate, bile, and high pH. pH indicator: Bromthymol blue. Carb: Sucrose. H2S system. Tellurite: inhibitors many organisms None None Contains: Digested soybeans and casein None None Inhibitor: Bile salts. pH indicator: Phenol red. Carbs: Lactose, sucrose, xylose. Lysine. H2S system Contains: Nutrients, human blood

Bacitracin susceptibility CAMP test Hippurate Hydrolysis PYR hydrolysis Optichin susceptibility Bile esculin hydrolysis Salt-Tolerance Test X and V Factor Requirement Oxidase Spot Indol Catalase Coagulase Hydrogen sulfide production Urease Motility Vibriotstatic compound, O/129 disc test ONPG Deoxycholate Cefinase

Purpose/Principle Some organisms are suseptible to 0.04 units of bacitracin. Inoculate agar for confluent growth; add disk. Measure GBS make CAMP factor. S aureus makes B-lysin. Hemolysis enhanced when CAMP factor meets B-lysin. Test organ Hippurate ---(Hippuricase)---> Sodium benzoate + glycine. Detect either benzoate or glycine. Benzoate + Ferric chlo Chemical reaction - detects B-naphthylamine Inoculate agar plate for confluent growth with isolate. Place disk onto inoculate area. Incubate plate; measure zon 40% bile inhibits many organisms. Esculin ---> Esculetin + Glucose. Esculetin + Ferric ions --> Black 6.5% salt inhibits many organisms. Inoculate broth with organism Test organism inoculated onto trypticase soy agar or Mueller-Hinton agar, which lack X and V factors. Paper disk w Chemical Reaction - Detects indophenol Rub organism onto reagent-impregnated filter paper. Place organism on slide and add drop of H2O2. Detect bubbles Prepare saline suspension, mix in drop of plasma H2S + Iron or lead ----> Black Medium becomes alkaline as ammonia is produced Stab organism into semisolid agar deep Inoculate agar for confluent growth, add disks, incubate plate and measure zone Chemical reaction - Yellow color change in positive reaction Added to agar in order, visible pitting in the agar -- positive reaction Beta-lactamase detection

Pos. Rxn Susceptible: Any zone Enhanced hemolysis Benzoate: Precipitate, Glycine: Blue Red Susceptible: Zone > Cutoff Black Turbidity or acid pH Growth around disk Dark purple or Blue-black Blue-green Bubbles Cell clumping Black Red/pink Diffuse haze of growth throughout Any zone Yellow Pitting in agar Yellow to Red color change

Pos. Organism Micrococcus, GAS GBS GBS, Listeria, C. jejuni GAS, Enterococcus, Other gram (+) bacteria S. pneumoniae Enterococcus, GDS, Listeria Enterococci X only: H. ducreyi, V only: H. parainflu and H parahaemo., X and V: H. influ and H. haemo. Neisseria, Moraxella, Pseudomonas, B. cepacia, Vibrio, Aeromonas, and others E coli, P vulgaris, Morganella, Vibrio, Aeronomas, Plesiomonas, and others Staph, Micrococcus, Corynebacterium, Many Bacillus, and others S aureus Edwardsiella, Salmonella, Proteus K pneumoniae, Proteus, Morganella, Most Brucella, H pylori, and others Vibrio and Campylobacter (Darting), Bacillus, Many enterics, Aeromonas, and others Susceptible: Plesiomonas, Most V. cholerae E coli, Citrobacter, K pneumoniae, Enterobacter, S marcescens Enterics N gonorrhoeae, H influenzae, M catarrhalis, Enterococcus, Staph, Anaerobic bacteria

Neg. Rxn Resistant: No zone No enhanced hemolysis Benzoate: No precipitate, Glycine: No color No color change Resistant: No zone No color No turbidity or pH change No growth around disk No color change No color No bubbles No clumping No color Yellow Growth only near stab line No zone Colorless No pitting in agar No color change

Neg. Organism Staph, Stomatococcus, GBS, Other B-strep Groups A, C, D, F, and G Strep, Enterococci Groups A, C, F, and G Strep, Enterococci, Helicobacter Other Strep Other Strep Other Strep GDS not enterococci, Other Strep All other bacteria Enterics, S. maltophilia, Acinetobacter, Gardnerella Salmonella, K pneuoniae, Enterobacter, and others Clostridium, Fusobacterium, and others S saprophyticus, S epidermidis, Many other Staph species, Micrococcus E coli, Shigella, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia E coli, Shigella, Salmonella, S marcescens, P multocida Corynebacterium, Lactobacillus, Shigella, Klebsiella, Brucella, and others Resistant: Aeromonas Salmonella, Proteus, Providencia, Morganella Gram positive bacteria Non-B-lactamase bacteria

Urinary tract GenitalsandSTDs Upper Respiratory Tract Lower Respiratory Tract Ocular Skin and Soft Tissue (what about bone?) Gastrointestinal + Agents of possible food poisoning Central Nervous System Circulatory (blood)

Pathogens E coli, Other Enterobacteriaceae, S saprophyticus, P aeruginosa N gonorrhoeae, C trachomatis, T pallidum, H ducreyi S pyogenes, H influenzae S pneumoniae, H influenzae, S aureus, M tuberculosis S aureus, N gonorrhoeae, C trachomatis B burgdorferi, R ricketsii V cholerae, Salmonella, C jejuni, Shigella, C difficile, S aureus C botulinum, C tetanus, N meningitidis S pyogenes

Disease Associated UTI, Pyelonephritis Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, Syphillis, Chancroid Strep throat, Influenza Pneumonia, Tuberculosis Conjunctivitis (Infectious and Neonatal), Trachoma Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Cholera, Salmonella food poisoning Botulism, Tetanus, Meningitis Sepsis, Endocarditis

Areas Affected Bladder, Ureters, Kidneys Genitals Throat, Lungs Lungs Eyes Skin GI Tract CNS Heart, Blood Vessels