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    Minerals Down The Microscope On Moodle

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    vasokosm
    These minerals are typically present as small crystals in many rock types but never the main components. They include: Zircon is commonly found in granites, sediments and metamorphic rocks. It has high relief and interference colors and forms haloes in biotite. Apatite is also common in many rock types and is colorless with low relief and interference. Titanite has very high relief and interference and is diamond shaped in igneous rocks. Tourmaline is found in metamorphic rocks, is elongated and pleochroic with moderate interference. Opaque minerals like magnetite, ilmenite and pyrite are always present in small amounts.

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    Minerals Down The Microscope On Moodle

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    vasokosm
    173 views7 pages
    These minerals are typically present as small crystals in many rock types but never the main components. They include: Zircon is commonly found in granites, sediments and metamorphic rocks. It has high relief and interference colors and forms haloes in biotite. Apatite is also common in many rock types and is colorless with low relief and interference. Titanite has very high relief and interference and is diamond shaped in igneous rocks. Tourmaline is found in metamorphic rocks, is elongated and pleochroic with moderate interference. Opaque minerals like magnetite, ilmenite and pyrite are always present in small amounts.

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    I do not own anything w eb2.ges.gla.ac.uk /~minerals

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    Accessory Minerals

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    These minerals are typically present as small crystals in many rock types but never the main components. They include: Zircon is commonly found in granites, sediments and metamorphic rocks. It has high relief and interference colors and forms haloes in biotite. Apatite is also common in many rock types and is colorless with low relief and interference. Titanite has very high relief and interference and is diamond shaped in igneous rocks. Tourmaline is found in metamorphic rocks, is elongated and pleochroic with moderate interference. Opaque minerals like magnetite, ilmenite and pyrite are always present in small amounts.

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    173 views7 pages

    Minerals Down The Microscope On Moodle

    Uploaded by

    vasokosm
    These minerals are typically present as small crystals in many rock types but never the main components. They include: Zircon is commonly found in granites, sediments and metamorphic rocks. It has high relief and interference colors and forms haloes in biotite. Apatite is also common in many rock types and is colorless with low relief and interference. Titanite has very high relief and interference and is diamond shaped in igneous rocks. Tourmaline is found in metamorphic rocks, is elongated and pleochroic with moderate interference. Opaque minerals like magnetite, ilmenite and pyrite are always present in small amounts.

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    of 7

    22/5/13

    Accessory minerals

    Minerals down the Microscope on Moodle (back to intro)

    Minerals down the Microscope on Moodle.


    Part 2: Accessory minerals
    These are typically very stable and commonly present as small crystals in a variety of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks but never present in large quantities. Hence they are not rock-forming minerals (i.e. the ca. 10 minerals that form the vast majority of rocks). Minerals covered on these pages: Zircon Apatite Titanite Tourmaline Opaques (Fe-oxides, Fe-sulphides)

    Zircon
    Rock types in which zircon is commonly present: Granites , Intermediateigneousrocks , Sandstones , Schists , Gneisses (Generally present in all silicate rocks except ultrabasic igneous rocks) Zircon in mylonite Analyser out Analyser in

    Optical properties of zircon High relief High order interference colours Shape: Typically euhedral (igneous) or well rounded Forms pleochroic haloes in biotite Minerals that might be confused with zircon Titanite (higher interference colours) Zircon shape, interference colours and pleochroic haloes Zircon in metasedimentary gneiss
    web2.ges.gla.ac.uk/~minerals/Accessory_minerals.htm#Zircon 1/7

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    Accessory minerals

    Analyser out

    Analyser in

    Zircons in granite (note darker biotite adjacent to zircon) Analyser out Analyser in

    Zircon in schist Analyser out

    Zircon in metasedimentary gneiss Analyser in

    Note: Dark spots (pleochroic haloes) in biotite caused by radiation damage from small inclusions of zircon in the biotite. At high magnifications, some larger zircons may display internal zoning either picked out by small differences in relief or interference colours. In igneous rocks zircon typically has good crystal shape, in clastic sedimentary rocks and metasediments it tends to be well rounded.

    Apatite
    Rock types in which apatite is commonly present: Granites , Intermediate igneous rocks , Sandstones , Schists , Gneisses (Generally present in most silicate rocks except ultrabasic and basic igneous rocks)
    web2.ges.gla.ac.uk/~minerals/Accessory_minerals.htm#Zircon 2/7

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    Accessory minerals

    Apatite inclusions in amphibole Analyser out

    Apatite in orthogneiss Analyser out

    Optical properties of apatite Colourless Moderate relief Low order interference colours Shape: Typically euhedral slightly elongate prisms (hexagonal x-section) Minerals that might be confused with apatite Quartz and feldspar (low relief and typically abundant) Apatite shape and interference colours Apatite in granite Analyser out Analyser in

    Apatite in gneiss Analyser out

    web2.ges.gla.ac.uk/~minerals/Accessory_minerals.htm#Zircon

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    Accessory minerals

    Note: Higher relief that adjacent quartz, typical hexagonal; cross section and low interference colours. Hexagonal sections are typically completely dark in crossed polars.

    Titanite
    Rock types in which titanite is commonly present: Intermediate igneous rocks , Metabasic rocks , Calcsilicates Titanite in granite Analyser out Analyser in

    Optical properties of titanite High relief V. high order interference colours Shape: Diamond shaped in igneous rocks Minerals that might be confused with titanite Garnet (isotopic), Calcite (lower relief), Zircon (lower interference colours) Titanite shape and interference colours Titanites in metabasic rock Analyser out Analyser in

    web2.ges.gla.ac.uk/~minerals/Accessory_minerals.htm#Zircon

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    Note: Little change in colour of titanite when analyzer inserted due to very high interference colours. Metamorphic titanite tends to be less well shaped and may form a reaction rim around Fe-Ti oxides

    Tourmaline
    Rock types in which tourmaline is commonly present: Schists , Gneisses , some Granites Tourmaline in mica schist Analyser out Analyser in

    Optical properties of tourmaline Moderate relief Strongly coloured (often zoned) Moderate order interference colours Shape: Generally euhedral elongate with curved triangular cross section Elongate sections are pleochroic Minerals that might be confused with tourmaline Amphibole (Cleavage) Biotite (Cleavage, pleochroic scheme) Tourmaline shape and interference colours Tourmaline in mica schists web2.ges.gla.ac.uk/~minerals/Accessory_minerals.htm#Zircon

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    Accessory minerals

    Tourmaline in mica schists Analyser out Analyser out

    Note: Colour zoning indicative of compositional zoning. Both biotite and tourmaline are strongly pleochroic but elongate sections of tourmaline are dark N-S, biotite is dark E-W

    Opaques
    (Oxides and sulphides tend to be opaque minerals e.g. Magnetite, Ilmenite, Pyrite) Most rocks contain some opaque minerals. Ilmenite tends to form slightly tabular crystals, Pyrite often forms cubes. Optical properties... dark with analyser out. All images with analyser out Ilmenite in biotite schist

    Fine grained magnetite in basalt

    Magnetite in peridotite

    Fe-oxide cement in sandstone

    web2.ges.gla.ac.uk/~minerals/Accessory_minerals.htm#Zircon

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    Accessory minerals

    Take the Accessory Minerals test Return to top Return to introduction

    web2.ges.gla.ac.uk/~minerals/Accessory_minerals.htm#Zircon

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