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  • SED Metacharacters

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    This document summarizes sed metacharacters and commands used for text processing and pattern matching. The metacharacters section describes special characters like ^, $, ., *, [], \<, \> that match parts of lines. The commands section lists basic sed commands to edit text like a, c, d, s. It provides the syntax of sed scripts and examples of useful regular expressions.

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    SED

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    This document summarizes sed metacharacters and commands used for text processing and pattern matching. The metacharacters section describes special characters like ^, $, ., *, [], \<, \> that match parts of lines. The commands section lists basic sed commands to edit text like a, c, d, s. It provides the syntax of sed scripts and examples of useful regular expressions.

    Copyright:

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    93 views0 pages

    SED Metacharacters

    Uploaded by

    chaitucvs
    This document summarizes sed metacharacters and commands used for text processing and pattern matching. The metacharacters section describes special characters like ^, $, ., *, [], \<, \> that match parts of lines. The commands section lists basic sed commands to edit text like a, c, d, s. It provides the syntax of sed scripts and examples of useful regular expressions.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    SED Metacharacters

    Description Command
    Format
    Example
    ^ Beginning-of-line /^love/ Matches all lines beginning with
    love
    $ End-of-line anchor /love$/ Matches all lines ending with love
    . Matches one character but
    not the newline character
    /l..e/ Matches lines containing an l,
    followed by 2 characters,
    followed by an e.
    * Matches zero or more /*love/ Matches lines with zero or more
    spaces, followed by the pattern
    love.
    [] Matches a particular set of
    character.
    /[Ll]ove/ Matches lines containing love or
    Love.
    [^] Matches one character not
    in the set
    /[^A-KM-Z]ove/ Matches lines not containing A
    through K or M through Z
    followed by love.
    \< Beginning-of-word anchor ^<love/ Matches lines containing word
    that begins with love (supported
    by vi and grep).
    \> End-of-Word anchor /love\>/ Matches lines containing a word
    that ends with love (supported by
    vi and grep)
    & Saves search string so it
    can be remembered
    s/love/**&**/ & represents the search string.
    The string love will be replaced
    with itself surrounded by
    asterisks.
    \(..\) Tags match characters s^(love\)able^1er/ Tags marked portion in a register
    to be remembered later as number
    1. To reference later, use \1 to
    repeat the pattern. May use up to
    nine tags, starting with the first
    tag at the left-most part of the
    pattern. ie, the pattern love is
    saved as tag l, to be referenced
    later as \1; in this example, the
    search pattern consists of lovable
    followed by lover (supported by
    sed, vi and grep)
    x\{m\}
    or
    x\{m,\} or
    x\{m,n\}
    a

    Repetition of character x,
    m times,
    at least m times,
    at least m and not more
    than n times
    o\{5,10\}

    o\{5,\}
    o\{5,10\}
    Matches if line contains between
    5 and 10 consecutive occurrences
    of the letter o (supported by vi
    and grep)
    a
    Not dependable on all versions of UNIX or all pattern-matching utilities; usually works
    with vi and grep



    SED Commands

    Command
    a\ Appends one or more lines of text to the current line
    c\ Changes (replaces) text in the current line with new text
    d deletes lines
    i\ Inserts text above the current line
    h Copies the contents of the pattern space to a holding buffer
    H Appends the contents of the pattern space to a holding buffer
    g Gets what is in the holding buffer and copies it into the pattern bugger,
    overwriting what was there.
    G Gets what is in the holding buffer and copies it into the pattern buffer, appending
    to what was there
    l lists nonprinting characters
    p print lines
    n Reads the next input line and starts processing the newline with the next
    command rather than the first command
    q Quits or exits sed
    r Reads lines from a file
    ! Applies the command to all lines except the selected ones.
    s Substitutes one string for another

    Substitution Flags:
    g Globally substitutes on a line
    p Prints lines
    w Writes lines out to a file
    x Exchanges contents of the holding buffer with the pattern space
    y Translates one character to another (cannot use regular expression metacharacters
    with y)

    Options
    -e Allows multiple edits
    -f Precedes a sed script filename
    -n Suppresses default output

    Syntax usually consists of /pattern/action - The slash(/) are delimiters. Pattern of
    execution:
    Each pattern is sequentially searched until a match is found.
    When a match is found, the corresponding action is performed
    When the action is complete, the next pattern is selected and step 1 is repeated.
    SED automatically outputs the modified record
    When all patterns have been exhausted, the next line is read and step 1 is
    repeated.

    Useful Regular Expressions
    blank lines /^$/
    an entire line /^.$/
    one or more spaces / */
    valid URLs /[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z]*:\/\/[a-z0-9][a-z0-9\.]*.*/
    formatted dollar /\$[0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]/

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