Joe Eapen, Brisilda Kupa, Veronica Borda Jesse Turkson, Fiona Truong, Ellery Schiller

Research
Shang Dynasty (1600-1050 BCE) Link- http://www.ushistory.org/civ/9b.asp http://iis-db.stanford.edu/docs/117/ShangDynasty.pdf Started around 18th Century B.C.E.- 16th Century B.C.E. Bronze age initiated the Shang Dynasty Yin- The last capital of the Shang dynasty Writing was written on oracle bones Cracks in the bones were interpreted as future predictions Priest wrote events and timelines of kings on the oracle bones The Shang were skilled workers in bone, jade, ceramics, stone, wood, shells, and bronze, as proven by the discovery of shops found on the outskirts of excavated palaces Shang settled on farms instead of wandering as nomads To guard against flooding by the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, the ancient Shang developed complex forms of irrigation and flood control The farming of millet, wheat, rice, and barley crops provided the major sources of food, but hunting was not uncommon Pigs, dogs, sheep, oxen, and even silkworms were domesticated animals raised by the Shang Social Pyramid- Kings, military nobility, priests, merchants and farmers Polytheistic religion- worshipped many Gods. People worshipped ancestors believing that they would help them in the afterlife Shang Ti- Lord on high- believed to be the link between people and heavenly beings Last king of Shang Dynasty- Shang Chou- very cruel man known for methods of torture Rebel leader Wu-Wang ousted Shang Chou in 1111 B.C.E. Zhou Dynasty (1050-256 BCE) Links- http://library.thinkquest.org/12255/library/dynasty/zhou.html http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/main_pop/kpct/kp_zhou.htm http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/114678/Zhou-dynasty http://etcweb.princeton.edu/asianart/timeperiod_china.jsp?ctry=China&pd=Shang%7CZh ou The Dynasty had overseers that looked over different territories The Zhou was big on agriculture, making peasents grow and tend to them Zhou kings believed they were sent from heaven to rule Also believed in Shang Ti the Lord on High Prayed to local nature Gods and Gods of agriculture The Zhou dynasty conquers the Shang. The Zhou is divided into the Western Zhou (c.1050-771 BCE), when the capital was near Xian, and the Eastern Zhou (770-221 BCE), when the capital was moved eastward to Luoyang. Western Zhou government was used aa many regional states in east China

The establishment of numerous regional states during the Western Zhou was a process by which a unified elite culture spread all over North China, marked first of all by the casting of inscriptions on bronze vessels, many of which are historically highly important. The Eastern Zhou had two different seasons, Spring and Autumn. It was named after a chronicle that was believed to keep Confucius alive during these two periods. Confucius was alive at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period and argued for a restoration of the social and political order of the earlier Western Zhou period. Son of Heaven who rules with the Mandate of Heaven. The Zhou introduced the concept of Tian or Heaven, as a supernatural power and deified physical presence. The Book of Songs, is a collection of odes from the Zhou period that tells us about the life of the people. Bibliographies

9b. Shang Dynasty China's First Recorded History." Shang Dynasty China's First Recorded History [ushistory.org] . Ushistory.org, n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2013. "Zhou Dynasty." ThinkQuest. Oracle Foundation, n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2013. "The Zhou Dynasty." The Zhou Dynasty. Columbia University, n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2013. "The Shang Dynasty, 1600 to 1050 BCE." Spice-Stanford. Stanford University, 2007. Web. 15 Nov. 2013. "Zhou Dynasty (Chinese History)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2013. "PUAM - Asian Art Collection." PUAM - Asian Art Collection. Princeton University, 2004. Web. 15 Nov. 2013. "Qin Shi Huangdi, First Chinese Emperor." Enchanted Learning. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2013. Szczepanski, Kallie. "Qin Shi Huang, First Emperor of China." About.com Asian History. About, n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2013. Violatti, Cristian. "Han Dynasty." Ancient History Encyclopedia. Ancient History Encyclopedia, 27 May 2013. Web. 15 Nov. 2013.

Qin Shi Huang Dynasty http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/greatwall/Emperor.html http://asianhistory.about.com/od/profilesofasianleaders/p/qinshihungbio.htm 221 BC - 206 BC First emperor who unifed China Named himself Shi Huangdi(meaning First Emperor) Added onto what is now the Great Wall of China to stop invaders from invading Standardized Chinese writing, bureaucracy, scholarships, law, currency, weights, and measures. Built a capital in Xian Built a system of roads, and massive fortifications Cruel ruler who killed those who opposed him or his ideas burned all the books from the past that involved different ideas and not his own The Qin dynasty ended soon after his death but China stayed unified for 2000 more years Chinas name is derived from Qin (pronounced Chin) Ruled for 35 years Only 13 years old when he started to rule Recurring raids from the Xiongnu The school of thought was legalism- follow the emperors law or be severely chastised. Believed his death was because of mercury poison. His second son and the prime minister made the emperor (after Qin died) commit suicide for his second son, Huhai, to become the emperor. In 207 BC the Qin army was defeated by the Chu-lead rebels at the battle of Julu.

Han Dynasty http://www.ancient.eu.com/Han_Dynasty/ 206 BCE-220 CE One of the longest major dynasty in Chinas history Lasted for a span of four centuries Considered a golden age for Chinas art, technology, and politics In 202 BCE, Emperor Gauzo became the first emperor of the Han Dynasty after defeating rebellion against him After Lui Bang died, his empress, Lu Zhi, tried to take the empire and make it her familys empire.

After he dies, Emperor Wu-ti rules and expands the Han territory in China Zhang Qian opens (a messenger for the Han emperor) the silk road for trading route between Central Asia and and China. Paper was used for fish, but then used it for writing. the largest chinese historiographic work was made during the Han dynasty and by a man named Sima Qian and it was called Records of the garden historian. Wang Man (a government official)- took over the empire and called it the Xin dynasty meaning the new dynasty. This is usually called the Later Han or Easter Han. after an emperor died without any sons or grandsons, a close relative took over which lead to cunning schemes of the court. floods, tremors, and grasshopper plagues took place. People believed the heavens were angry and people said the dynasty was coming to an end.Protests took place and other people took control.