65

microcontrollers supported The ultimate AVR board Supports 3.3V and 5V devices Dual Power Supply Easily add extra boards mikroBUS sockets Four connectors for each port Amazing Connectivity As fast as it gets USB 2.0 programmer

USER'S GUIDE

EasyAVR

v7

To our valued customers

Making the best and the most comprehensive AVR board in the world was our idea from the start. And this is by no means an easy task. Driven by passion for excellence we never look at how hard the job is, but what our users get when it's done. And EasyAVR v7 brings a whole new perspective to AVR developers. The 7th generation of the board brings many exciting new features. We hope that you will like it as much as we do. Use it wisely and have fun!

Nebojsa Matic, Owner and General Manager of mikroElektronika

Table of contents

Introduction
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . It's good to know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Connectivity
04 05
mikroBUS sockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Input/Output Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 18

Power Supply
Dual power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Displays
06
LCD 2x16 characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GLCD 128x64. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Touch panel controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20 21 22 23

Supported MCUs
Supported microcontrollers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4 digit 7-seg display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

08

Modules
DS1820 - Digital Temperature Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Programming
On-board programmer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installing programmer drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programming software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24 25 26 27 28 29

10 12 13

LM35 - Analog Temperature Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ADC inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I2C EEPROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Piezo Buzzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additional GNDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Communication
UART via RS-232 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UART via USB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14 15

Whats next
Whats Next? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30

page 3

introduction

Introduction
EasyAVR is your old friend. It has been here for you for several generations. Today it has many users among students, hobbyists, enthusiasts and professionals. We asked ourselves what else could be done to make such a great board even greater. As a result some brilliant changes have been made. We focused all of our creativity and knowledge on making a revolutionary new design different from any previous version of the board. We have gone through the process of fine tuning the board performance, and used 4-layer PCB to achieve maximum efficiency. We now present you with the new version of EasyAVR - a powerful, well organized board with on-board programmer - ready to be your strong ally in development. EasyAVR development Team

Four Connectors for each port

Amazing connectivity
EasyAVR v7 is all about connectivity. Having four different connectors for each port, you can connect accessory boards, sensors and your custom electronics easier then ever before.

mikroProg on board
Powerful on-board mikroProg programmer can program about 65 AVR microcontrollers from Atmel. You will need it, whether you are a professional or a beginner.

Everything is already here

3.3V and 5V power supply

Dual Power Supply

EasyAVR v7 is among few development boards which support both 3.3V and 5V microcontrollers. This feature greatly increases the number of supported MCUs. Its like having two boards instead of one!

mikroBUS support
Just plug in your Click board, and its ready to work. We picked up a set of the most useful pins you need for development and made a pinout standard you will enjoy using.

For easier connections

page 4

EasyAVR

v7

ATmega32 is the default microcontroller!

Atmel AVR 8-bit ATmega32 in DIP is the default chip of EasyAVR v7. It has up to 16 MIPS operation, 32K bytes of

System Specification
- Great choice for both beginners and professionals - Rich with modules - Enough RAM and Flash - Comes with examples for mikroC, mikroBasic and mikroPascal compilers
power supply 712V AC or 915V DC or via USB cable (5V DC) power consumption ~80mA when all peripheral modules are disconnected board dimensions 266 x 220mm (10.47 x 8.66 inch)

Flash program memory, 2K byte of internal SRAM memory and 1K byte of EEPROM memory. It has 40-pin with 32 General purpose I/O pins, 10-bit Analog-to-Digital converter with up to 8 channels (ADC), two 8-bit and one 16-bit timers/counters (with separate prescalers, compare mode and capture mode), four PWM channels, programmable serial USART, Master/slave SPI and two-wire I2C interface, internal calibrated 8 MHz RC and 32 KHz RTC oscillator. It also has JTAG interface for programming/debugging.

weight ~438g (0.966 lbs)

Package contains
AD DI T

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BA SIC ,M IK RO PA SC AL

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PRODUCT DVD
www.mikroe.com www.libstock.com

EXAM PLE S

BOARDS SSORY ACCE

present you with a comp lete color schem to make electr atics for EasyP onics more understand IC v7 devel most used able, even SMD comp opment board for absolu onents, and . We wante te beginners, what your made additi d board is consis so we provid onal comm ed photos ted of, and ents and drawi of how it actua ngs so you lly works. can get to know

We

S TIC MA HE

Damage resistant protective box

EasyAVR v7 board in antistatic bag

USB cable

User Manuals and Board schematic

DVD with examples and documentation

EasyAVR

v7

IA ED M RO

DS AR BO

Copyright 2012 Mikroelektronika. All rights reserved. MikroElektronika, MikroElektronika logo and other MikroElektronika trademarks are the property of MikroElektronika. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Unauthorised copying, hiring, renting, public performance and broadcasting of this DVD is strictly prohibited.

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introduction
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power supply

Dual power supply

Board contains switching power supply that creates stable voltage and current levels necessary for powering each part of the board. Power supply section contains two power regulators: ST1S10 , which generates VCC-5V, and MC33269DT3.3 which creates VCC-3.3V power supply. The board can be powered in three different ways: with USB power supply (CN1), using external adapters via adapter connector (CN24) or additional screw terminals (CN25). External adapter voltage levels must be in range of 9-15V DC or 7-12V AC. Use jumper J22 to specify which power source you are using and jumper J5 to specify whether you are using 5V or 3.3V power supply. Upon providing the power using either external adapter or USB power source you can turn on power supply by using SWITCH 1 (Figure 3-1). Power LED (Green ON) will indicate the presence of power supply.

Figure 3-1: Dual power supply unit of EasyAVR v7

VCC-USB

VCC-BRD AVCC 10uF C30 100nF C31 100nF C32 100nF

VCC-5V

REG1 GND Vin Vout 2 C26 100nF VCC-3.3V E8 10uF

FP1 CN1 VCC 1 2 3 C3 100nF GND 4 USB

FP2

POWER
LD41 R45 2K2

VCC-5V E9 10uF C27 100nF

MC33269DT3.3

E6

AVCC
VCC-BRD VCC-5V VCC-3.3V

3.3V VOLTAGE REGULATOR

SWITCH1

J5

VCC-5V D1 D2 220uF/35V/LESR R50 10K U5 VINA INH FB GND E ST1S10 PGND SW VINSW SYNC 3 2 1 VCC-USB

1N4007 D3 CN25 CN24 1N4007

1N4007 D4

1 2 3 4

8 7 6 5

L1

10uH R51 4K7 R54 100K R56 20K C34 22uF J22

1N4007

C28 1uF

C29 22uF

E11

C35 22uF

5V SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY

Figure 3-2: Dual power supply unit schematic page 6

EasyAVR

v7

EasyAVR v7 development board supports both 3.3V and 5V power supply on a single board. This feature enables you to use wide range of peripheral boards.

Power supply:

Power capacity: 

via DC connector or screw terminals (7V to 12V AC or 9V to 15V DC), or via USB cable (5V DC) up to 500mA with USB, and up to 1500mA with external power supply

How to power the board?

1. With USB cable
Set J22 jumper to USB position To power the board with USB cable, place jumper J22 in USB position and place jumper J5 in 5V or 3.3V position. You can then plug in the USB cable as shown on images 1 and 2 , and turn the power switch ON.

2. Using adapter
Set J22 jumper to EXT position To power the board via adapter connector, place jumper J22 in EXT position, and place jumper J5 in 5V or 3.3V position. You can then plug in the adapter cable as shown on images 3 and 4 , and turn the power switch ON.

3. With laboratory power supply

Set J22 jumper to EXT position To power the board using screw terminals, place jumper J22 in EXT position, and place jumper J5 in 5V or 3.3V position. You can then screw-on the cables in the screw terminals as shown on images 5 and 6 , and turn the power switch ON.

EasyAVR

v7

page 7

power supply

supported MCUs

Supported microcontrollers
Microcontroller sockets
The board contains seven DIP sockets: DIP40A, DIP40B, DIP28, DIP20A, DIP20B, DIP14, DIP8 (Figure 4-1). With dual power supply and smart on-board mikroProg, the board is capable of programming about 65 different microcontrollers from Atmel AVR family. There are two DIP40 and DIP20 sockets for AVR microcontrollers provided on the board. Which of these sockets you will use depends solely on the pinout of the microcontroller in use. The EasyAVR v7 development system comes with the ATmega32 microcontroller in a DIP40 package.
DIP40A
PB0 PB1 PB2 PB3 PB4 SCK_MOSI_PB5 MISO_PB6 SCK_PB7 mRST PD0 PD1 PD2 PD3 PD4 PD5 PD6 PD7 CLK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 SKT3 VCC-BRD 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 PA0 PA1 PA2 PA3 PA4 PA5 PA6 PA7 PE0 PE1 PE2 PC7 PC6 PC5 PC4 PC3 PC2 PC1 PC0 RST_PA2 PD0 PD1 PA1 CLK_PA0 PD2 PD3 PD4 PD5 VCC-BRD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

DIP20A
SKT2

VCC-BRD 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 SCK_PB7 MISO_PB6 SCK_MOSI_PB5 PB4 PB3 PB2 PB1 PB0 PD6

DIP SKT 20A

DIP20B
MOSI_PB0 MISO_PB1 SCK_PB2 PB3 CLK_PB4 PB5 PB6 RST_PB7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 SKT5 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11

AVCC PA0 PA1 PA2 PA3 PA4 PA5 PA6 PA7

AREF jumper
If you use DIP28 microcontroller socket with jumper J11 you can set PC7 pin either as AVCC or I/O pin. Jumper J11 is placed in the AVCC position by default.
PB0 PB1 PB2 PB3 PB4 SCK_MOSI_PB5 MISO_PB6 SCK_PB7 mRST

DIP SKT 40A

VCC-BRD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

DIP40B
SKT4 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21

AVCC PA0 PA1 PA2 PA3 PA4 PA5 PA6 PA7

DIP SKT 20B

DIP8
RST_PB5 CLK_PB3 PB4 1 2 3 4 SKT7 8 7 6 5 SCK_PB2 MISO_PB1 MOSI_PB0

VCC-BRD VCC-BRD VCC-BRD E3 10uF E4 10uF E5 10uF

VCC-BRD VCC-BRD VCC-BRD VCC-BRD VCC-BRD VCC-BRD VCC-BRD C13 100nF C14 100nF C15 100nF C16 100nF C17 100nF C18 100nF C19 100nF

DIP SKT 8 PC7 PC6 PC5 PC4 PC3 PC2 PC1 PC0 PD7 AREF SELECTION DIP28 J11 AREF_PC7 PC7 AVCC

CLK_PB6 J13 CLK_PA0 J14 CLK_PB4 J15 CLK_PB0 J16 CLK_PB3 J17

PB6 CLK PA0 CLK PB4 CLK PB0 CLK VCC-BRD C7 100nF C8 22pF CLK 6 U2C 5 R28 1K 8 U2D X1 R23 1M 9

1 U2A

CLK PD0 PD1 PD2 PD3 PD4 PD5 PD6

DIP SKT 40B 4 RST_PC6 PD0 PD1 PD2 PD3 PD4 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 PA0 PA1 PA2 PA3 SCK_PA4 MISO_PA5 CLK_PB6 PB7 PD5 PD6 PD7 PB0

VCC-BRD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

DIP28
SKT6 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15

AVCC PC5 PC4 PC3 PC2 PC1 PC0 AREF_PC7 SCK_MOSI_PB5 MISO_PB4 MOSI_PB3 PB2 PB1

3 U2B

VCC-BRD 11 10 U2E CLK_PB0 PB1 RST_PB3 PB2 PA7 MOSI_PA6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

DIP14
SKT1

8MHz

C9 22pF 13

12 U2F

PB3 CLK

EXTERNAL CLOCK

DIP SKT 14

DIP SKT 28

Figure 4-1: Schematic of on-board DIP sockets, quartz-crystal oscillator and decoupling capacitors page 8

EasyAVR

v7

Figure 4-2: Place both ends of microcontroller on the socket so the pins are aligned correctly Before you plug the microcontroller into the appropriate socket, make sure that the power supply is turned off. Images above show how to correctly plug a microcontroller. First make sure that

Figure 4-3: with both fingers, evenly distribute the force and press the chip into the socket. a half circular cut in the microcontroller DIP packaging matches the cut in the DIP socket. Place both ends of the microcontroller into the socket as shown in Figure 4-2. Then put the microcontroller slowly down until

Figure 4-4: Properly placed microcontroller will have equally leveled pins. all the pins match the socket as shown in Figure 4-3. Check again if everything is placed correctly and press the microcontroller until it is completely plugged into the socket as shown in Figure 4-4.

IMPORTANT:

Only one microcontroller may be plugged into the development board at the same time.

Using external clock

Figure 4-5: Position of the jumpers for DIP40x

Figure 4-6: Position of the jumpers for DIP28

Figure 4-7: Position of the jumpers for DIP20A

Figure 4-8: Position of the jumpers for DIP20B

Figure 4-9: Position of the jumpers for DIP14

Figure 4-10: Position of the jumpers for DIP8

AVR microcontrollers can use either built-in (internal) or quartz-crystal external clock for the purpose of providing clock signal source. The EasyAVR v7 contains one quartzcrystal socket for all microcontroller sockets. DIP40A and DIP40B sockets are directly connected to quartz-crystal socket unlike DIP28, DIP20A, DIP20B, DIP14 and DIP8 sockets which are connected to it through the pin jumpers (J13-J17). The value of the

quartz-crystal depends on the maximum clock frequency allowed and your application as well. You can always replace the default 8MHz crystal with another one. If you want to use microcontrollers in DIP40A and DIP40B packages, it is necessary to place jumpers J13-J17 into the I/O position, Figure 4-5.The position of jumpers for DIP28, DIP20A, DIP20B, DIP14 and DIP8 sockets is shown in Figure 4-6 to Figure 4-10.

EasyAVR

v7

page 9

supported MCUs

How to properly place your microcontroller into the DIP socket?

programming

On-board programmer
What is mikroProg?
mikroProg is a fast USB 2.0 programmer. Smart engineering allows mikroProg to support about 65 AVR microcontrollers from Atmel in a single programmer! Outstanding performance and easy operation are among it's top features.

How do I start?
In order to start using mikroProg and program your microcontroller, you just have to follow two simple steps: 1. Install the necessary software - Install USB drivers - Install AVRFlash software 2. Power up the board, and you are ready to go. - Plug in the programmer USB cable - LINK LED should light up.

Why so many LEDs?

Three LEDs indicate specific programmer operation. Link LED lights up when USB link is established with your PC, Active LED lights up when the programmer is active. Data is on when data is being transferred between the programmer and PC software (compiler or AVRFlash).

RESET or I/O? Programming with JTAGICE mkll programmer

EasyAVR v7 is equipped with JTAG connector compatible with Atmel AVR JTAGICE mkII external programmer. You can use either the on-board mikroProg programmer or external programmer at the time. Place your programmer cable onto connector CN6, as shown in image. Reset selection jumpers J6, J7, J8, J9, and J10 are used to set PC6, PA2, PB7, PB3 or PB5 pin either as RST or I/O pin, respectively. Each of the pins belongs to different socket. For example, if you want to use PC6 pin (DIP28 socket) as I/O pin place jumper into the PC6 position. Other jumpers must be in RST position. For DIP40A and DIP40B sockets, all the reset selection jumpers must be in RST position.

NOTE:

Before using the programmer, make sure that reset selection jumpers J6, J7, J8, J9, and J10 are placed into the mRST position for all sockets.

page 10

EasyAVR

v7

VCC-BRD

VCC-5V

LINK
VCC-3.3V

ACTIVE DATA
VCC-BRD VCC-5V VCC-5V VCC-USB FP1 CN1 LED-DATA LED-ACTIVE LED-LINK VCC 1 USB-PROG_N USB-PROG_P USB-PROG_N USB-PROG_P C3 100nF GND VCC-BRD PB5 PB4 PB3 SCK_MOSI_PB5 MISO_PB4 MOSI_PB3 D2

LD2 R8 2K2

LD1 R9 4K7

LD3 R10 6K8 LED-DATA LED-ACTIVE LED-LINK

D+ 3 GND 4 USB

PA4 PA5 PA6 SCK_PA4 MISO_PA5 MOSI_PA6

PB2 PB1 PB0 SCK_PB2 MISO_PB1 MOSI_PB0

PB7 PB6 SCK_PB7 MISO_PB6

mRST

PC5 R25

TDI CN6

PA4 PA5 PA6 SCK_PA4 MISO_PA5 MOSI_PA6

PB2 PB1 PB0 SCK_PB2 MISO_PB1 MOSI_PB0

PB7 PB6 SCK_PB7 MISO_PB6

mRST

mRST

mRST

mRST

mRST

PC6

PA2

PB7

PB3

PB5

VCC-5V R21 10K T9

J6 RST_PC6 RST_PA2

J7 RST_PB7

J8 RST_PB3

J9 RST_PB5

J10 C5 100nF

BTN_RST

DIP28

DIP20A

DIP20B RESET SELECTION

DIP14

DIP8

Figure 5-1: mikroProg block schematic

EasyAVR

v7

mRST BTN_RST

AVR JTAG

PB5 PB4 PB3 SCK_MOSI_PB5 MISO_PB4 MOSI_PB3

MCU_RST BTN_RST

PC2 R20 PC4 R22 PC3 R24

TCK TDO TMS

page 11

programming

DATA BUS

programming

Installing programmer drivers

On-board mikroProg requires drivers in order to work. Drivers are located on the Product DVD that you received with the EasyAVR v7 package:
AD DI T

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MIK ROC ILERS , MI COMP KRO

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PRODUCT DVD
www.mikroe.com www.libstock.com

DVD://download/eng/software/ development-tools/avr/avrprog2/ avrprog2_drivers_v200.zip

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When you locate the drivers, please extract files from the ZIP archive. Folder with extracted files contains sub folders with drivers for different operating systems. Depending on which operating system you use, choose adequate folder and open it.

lab

le on Product

In the opened folder you should be able to locate the driver setup file. Double click on setup file to begin installation of the programmer drivers.

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Copyright 2012 Mikroelektronika. All rights reserved. MikroElektronika, MikroElektronika logo and other MikroElektronika trademarks are the property of MikroElektronika. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Unauthorised copying, hiring, renting, public performance and broadcasting of this DVD is strictly prohibited.

M IK

SC

DV

Av

Step 1 - Start Installation

Welcome screen of the installation. Just click on Next button to proceed.

Step 2 - Accept EULA

Carefully read End User License Agreement. If you agree with it, click Next to proceed.

Step 3 - Installing drivers

Drivers are installed automatically in a matter of seconds.

Step 4 - Finish installation

You will be informed if the drivers are installed correctly. Click on Finish button to end installation process.

EasyAVR

v7

AVRFlash software
On-board mikroProg programmer requires special programming software called AVRFlash. This software is used for programming AVR microcontrollers from Atmel. Software has intuitive interface and SingleClick programming technology. To begin, first locate the installation archive on the Product DVD:
AD DI T

Installation wizard - 6 simple steps

L NA IO

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MIK ROC ILERS , MI COMP KRO

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PRODUCT DVD
www.mikroe.com www.libstock.com

EXAM PLE S

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DVD://download/eng/software/development-tools/avr/avrprog2/avrprog2_programmer_v214.zip

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Copyright 2012 Mikroelektronika. All rights reserved. MikroElektronika, MikroElektronika logo and other MikroElektronika trademarks are the property of MikroElektronika. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Unauthorised copying, hiring, renting, public performance and broadcasting of this DVD is strictly prohibited.

DV

After downloading, extract the package and double click the executable setup file, to start installation.

Step 1 - Start Installation

Step 2 - Accept EULA and continue

Step 3 - Click Next button

Step 4 - Choose destination folder

Step 5 - Installation in progress

v7

Step 6 - Finish Installation

page 13

programming

Programming software

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communication

UART via RS-232

Enabling RS-232
The UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter) is one of the most common ways of exchanging data between the MCU and peripheral components. It is a serial protocol with separate transmit and receive lines, and can be used for full-duplex communication. Both sides must be initialized with the same baud rate, otherwise the data will not be received correctly. RS-232 serial communication is performed through a 9-pin SUB-D connector and the microcontroller UART module. In order to enable this communication, it is necessary to establish a connection between RX and TX lines on SUB-D connector and the same pins on the target microcontroller using DIP switches. Since RS-232 communication voltage levels are different than microcontroller logic levels, it is necessary to use a RS-232 Transceiver circuit, such as MAX3232 as shown on Figure 6-1.
VCC-BRD 1 U3 C1+ V+ C1C2+ C2C2V- VT2OUT R2IN MAX3232 VCC-BRD R35 100K VCC GND T1OUT R1IN R1OUT T1IN T2IN R2OUT 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 DB-9 VCC-BRD E2 10uF CN12

In order to enable RS-232 communication, you must set J23 and J12 jumpers in the RS232 position, and enable desired RX and TX lines via SW10 DIP switch. For example, if you want to enable RS-232 connection on UART module of the default ATmega32 chip, you should enable SW10.1 (RD0) and SW10.2 (RD1) lines.

DATA BUS
RX-232 RX-FTDI
C11 100nF 2 3 4 C20 100nF 5 6 7 8 C21 100nF

J23

RX TX

PD0 PD1 PD2 PD3

TX-232 TX-FTDI
SW10

J12

C22 100nF

TX-232 RX-232

Figure 6-1: RS-232 connection schematic

RS-232 CONNECTOR

1 6 2 7 3 8 4 9 5

1 6

N O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

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EasyAVR

v7

Enabling USB-UART

AD DI T

Modern PC computers, laptops and notebooks are no longer equipped with RS-232 connectors and UART controllers. They are nowadays replaced with USB connectors and USB controllers. Still, certain technology enables UART communication to be done via USB connection. FT232RL from FTDI convert UART signals to the appropriate USB standard. In order to use USB-UART module on EasyAVR v7, you must first install FTDI drivers on your computer. Drivers can be found on Product DVD:
L NA IO
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www.mikroe.com www.libstock.com

EXAM PLE S

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USB-UART communication is being done through a FT232RL controller, USB connector (CN4), and microcontroller UART module. To establish this connection, you must put J23 and J12 jumpers in the USB-UART position, and connect RX and TX lines to the appropriate pins of the microcontroller. This connection is done using DIP switch SW10.
lab
le on Product

DATA BUS
RX-232 RX-FTDI

J23

RX TX

PD0 PD1 PD2 PD3

N O

RX-FTDI

TX-FTDI

TX-232 TX-FTDI
SW10

J12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

U1 TXD OSCO DTR# OSCI RTS# TEST VCCIO AGND RXD NC CBUS0 RI# GND CBUS1 FT232RL NC GND DSR# VCC DCD# RESET# CTS# GND CBUS4 3V3OUT CBUS2 USBDM CBUS3 USBDP FT232RL

28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15

R15 2K2 LD12 RX-LED1 TX-LED1

R16 4K7 LD13 R18 1K

VCC 1 DD+ 2 3

GND 4 USB B

FTDI1-D_N FTDI1-D_P C6 100nF R26 2K2

RX-FTDI TX-FTDI

Figure 7-1: USB-UART connection schematic

EasyAVR

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USB UART I CONNECTOR

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DS AR BO

SC

In order to enable USB-UART communication, you must set J23 and J12 jumpers in the USB-UART position, and enable desired RX and TX lines via SW10 DIP switch. For example, if you want to enable USB-UART connection on UART module of the default ATmega32 chip, you should enable SW10.1 (RD0) and SW10.2 (RD1) lines.

DVD://download/eng/software/development-tools/ universal/ftdi/vcp_drivers.zip

S TIC MA HE

Copyright 2012 Mikroelektronika. All rights reserved. MikroElektronika, MikroElektronika logo and other MikroElektronika trademarks are the property of MikroElektronika. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Unauthorised copying, hiring, renting, public performance and broadcasting of this DVD is strictly prohibited.

DV

VCC-BRD

VCC-BRD

VCC-5V

VCC-5V E1 10uF VCC-5V VCC-BRD VCC-BRD CN4

R57 100K

C1 100nF VCC-BRD

C2 100nF

page 15

communication

UART via USB

RS LE PI M

S VER DRI

PROGRAMM ERS A ND D EBU GG ER S

M IK

Av

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

connectivity

mikroBUS sockets

Easier connectivity and simple configuration are imperative in modern electronic devices. Success of the USB standard comes from its simplicity of usage and high and reliable data transfer rates. As we in mikroElektronika see it, Plug-and-Play devices with minimum settings are the future in embedded world too. This is why our engineers have come up with a simple, but brilliant pinout with lines that most of todays accessory boards require, which almost completely eliminates the need of additional hardware settings. We called this new standard the mikroBUS. EasyAVR v7 is the first development board in the world to support mikroBUS with three on-board sockets. As you can see, there are no additional DIP switches, or jumper selections. Everything is already routed to the most appropriate pins of the microcontroller sockets.

AN - Analog pin RST - Reset pin CS - SPI Chip Select line SCK - SPI Clock line

MISO - SPI Slave Output line MOSI - SPI Slave Input line +3.3V - VCC-3.3V power line GND - Reference Ground

PWM - PWM output line INT - Interrupt line RX - UART Receive line TX - UART Transmit line

SCL - I2C Clock line SDA - I2C Data line +5V - VCC-5V power line GND - Reference Ground

mikroBUS host connector

Each mikroBUS host connector consists of two 1x8 female headers containing pins that are most likely to be used in the target accessory board. There are three groups of communication pins: SPI, UART and I2C communication. There are also single pins for PWM, Interrupt, Analog input, Reset and Chip Select. Pinout contains two power groups: +5V and GND on one header and +3.3V and GND on the other 1x8 header.

PA7 PA6 PA5 SCK MISO MOSI VCC-3.3V

AN RST CS SCK MISO MOSI 3.3V GND

PWM INT RX TX SCL SDA 5V GND

PD4 PD2 PD0 PD1 SCL SDA VCC-5V

PA0 PA1 PA3 SCK MISO MOSI VCC-3.3V

AN RST CS SCK MISO MOSI 3.3V GND

PWM INT RX TX SCL SDA 5V GND

PD5 PD3 PD0 PD1 SCL SDA VCC-5V

PA4 PB0 PB4 SCK MISO MOSI VCC-3.3V

AN RST CS SCK MISO MOSI 3.3V GND

PWM INT RX TX SCL SDA 5V GND

PB3 PB2 PD2 PD3 SCL SDA VCC-5V

SPI and I2C selection

Various microcontroller sockets have different pins for SPI and I2C interface. In order to connect the SPI and I2C pins of the mikroBUS with the desired socket, you have to change appropriate SW3, SW5 or SW6 DIP switches to ON position, Figure 8-1.
DATA BUS
DIP20A DIP28 DIP40A DIP40B SPI SELECTION DIP8 DIP14 DIP20B SPI SELECTION SCK MISO MOSI SCK4 MISO4 MOSI4 SCK3 MISO3 MOSI3 PA4 PA5 PA6 PB2 PB1 PB0 DIP40B DIP28 DIP14 I2C SELECTION SCK MISO MOSI SCK2 MISO2 MOSI2 SCK1 MISO1 MOSI1 PB5 PB4 PB3 PB7 PB6 PB5 SCL SDA SCL4 SDA4 SCL3 SDA3 SCL2 SDA2 SCL1 SDA1 PB2 PB0 PC0 PC1 PC5 PC4 PA4 PA6
N O N O N O

DIP20B

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

SW5

SW3

SW6

Figure 8-1: mikroBUS socket with DIP switches schematic page 16

EasyAVR

v7

WiFi PLUS click

GSM2 click

GPS2 click

RELAY click

THERMO click

Click Boards are plug-n-play!

mikroElektronika portfolio of over 200 accessory boards is now enriched by an additional set of mikroBUS compatible Click Boards. Almost each month several new Click boards are released. It is our intention to provide the community with as much of these boards as possible, so you will be able to expand your EasyAVR v7 with additional functionality with literally zero hardware configuration. Just plug and play. Visit the Click boards webpage for the complete list of available boards: http://www.mikroe.com/click/

LightHz click

microSD click

DAC click

DIGIPOT click

IR click
page 17

EasyAVR

v7

connectivity

connectivity

Input/Output Group
One of the most distinctive features of EasyAVR v7 are its Input/Output PORT groups. They add so much to the connectivity potential of the board.

Everything is grouped together

PORT headers, PORT buttons and PORT LEDs are next to each other, and grouped together. It makes development easier, and the entire EasyAVR v7 cleaner and well organized. We have also provided an additional PORT headers on the left side of the board, so you can access any pin you want from both sides of the board.

Figure 9-1: I/O group contains PORT headers, tri-state pull up/down DIP switch, buttons and LEDs all in one place

Tri-state pull-up/down DIP switches

Tri-state DIP switches, like SW1 on Figure 9-2, are used to enable 4K7 pull-up or pull-down resistor on any desired port pin. Each of these switches has three states: 1. middle position disables both pull-up and pull-down feature from the PORT pin 2. up position connects the resistor in pull-up state to the selected pin 3. down position connects the resistor in pull-down state to the Figure 9-2: Tri-state DIP switch on PORTB selected PORT pin.

DATA BUS
PB7 PB6 PB5 PB4 PB3 PB2 PB1 PB0

4k7
+1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

UP PULL DOWN
VCC-BRD

PB0 PB2 PB4 PB6 VCC-BRD CN9

PB1 PB3 PB5 PB7

PB0 PB2 PB4 PB6 VCC-BRD CN10

PB1 PB3 PB5 PB7

PB0 PB2 PB4 PB6 VCC-BRD CN27

PB1 PB3 PB5 PB7

SW4

PB0 PB1 PB2 PB3 PB4 PB5 PB6 PB7 VCC-BRD

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

CN11

N O 1 2 3 4 5

RN17 10K

RN18 10K

RN19 10K

RN20 10K

RN21 10K

RN22 10K

RN23 10K

RN24 10K

PORTB_LED VCC-BRD J1
_ +1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

PB2

PB5

VCC GND

J2

SW10
PB5 PB4 PB3 PB7

PB7

PB6

PB4

PB3

PB1

SW1 R12 220 PORTB_LEVEL

T10

PB6

T11

T12

T13

T14

PB2

T15

T16

PB0

PB1

PB0

6 7 8

LD14

LD15

LD16

LD17

LD18

LD19

LD20

LD21

T17

BUTTON PRESS LEVEL

R13 220

Figure 9-3: Schematic of the single I/O group connected to microcontroller PORTB page 18

EasyAVR

v7

Headers Buttons
With enhanced connectivity as one of the key features of EasyAVR v7, we have provided three connection headers for each PORT. I/O PORT group contains two male IDC10 headers (like CN9 and CN10 on Figure 9-3). These headers are all compatible with over 70 mikroElektronika accessory boards, and enable simple connection. There is one more IDC10 header available on the left side of the board, next to the section with displays. I/O PORT group also contains 1x10 connection pad (like CN11 on Figure 9-3) which can be used for connecting mikroElektronika PROTO boards, or custom user boards. The logic state of all microcontroller digital inputs may be changed using push Figure 9-5: Button press buttons. Tri-state level DIP switch (tri-state) DIP switch SW1 is available for selecting which logic state will be applied to corresponding MCU pin when button is pressed, for each I/O port separately. If you, for example, place SW1.2 in VCC position, then pressing any of push buttons in PORTB I/O group will apply logic one to the appropriate microcontroller pin. The same goes for GND. If DIP switch is in the middle position neither of two logic states will be applied to the appropriate microcontroller pin. You can disable pin protection 220ohm resistors by placing jumpers J1 and J2, which will connect your push buttons directly to VCC or GND. Be aware that doing so you may accidentally damage MCU in case of wrong usage.

LEDs
LED (Light-Emitting Diode) is a highly PA0 PA1 efficient electronic PA2 light source. When PA3 connecting LEDs, it Microcontroller is necessary to place SMD resistor a current limiting limiting current resistor in series through the LED so that LEDs are provided with the current value specified by the manufacturer. The current varies from 0.2mA to 20mA, depending on the type of the LED and the manufacturer.. The EasyAVR v7 board uses low-current LEDs with typical current consumption of 0.2mA or 0.3mA, depending of VCC voltage selection. Board contains 35 LEDs which can be used for visual indication of the logic state on PORT pins. An active LED indicates that a logic high (1) is present on the pin. In order to enable PORT LEDs, it is necessary to enable Figure 9-6: SW10.5 the corresponding DIP through SW10.8 switches on SW10 (Figure switches are used to 9-6). enable PORT LEDs page 19

Reset Button
In the far upper right section of the board, there is a RESET button, which can be used to manually reset the microcontroller.

Figure 9-4: IDC10 male headers enable easy connection with mikroElektronika accessory boards

EasyAVR

v7

connectivity

displays

LCD 2x16 characters

Liquid Crystal Displays or LCDs are cheap and popular way of representing information to the end user of some electronic device. Character LCDs can be used to represent standard and custom characters in the predefined number of fields. EasyAVR v7 provides the connector and the necessary interface for supporting 2x16 character LCDs in 4-bit mode. This type of display has two rows consisted of 16 character fields. Each field is a 7x5 pixel matrix. Communication with the display module is done through CN8 display connector. Board is fitted with uniquely designed plastic display distancer, which allows the LCD module to perfectly and firmly fit into place.

Figure 10-1: On-board LCD 2x16 display connector

IMPORTANT: Make sure to turn off the power supply before placing LCD onto
the board. Otherwise your display can be permanently damaged.
BCK LIGHT BCK PWM VCC-5V
N O 1

Connector pinout explained

GND and VCC - Display power supply lines Vo - LCD contrast level from potentiometer P2 RS - Register Select Signal line E - Display Enable line R/W - Determines whether display is in Read or Write mode. Its always connected to GND, leaving the display in Write mode all the time. D0D3 - Display is supported in 4-bit data mode, so lower half of the data byte interface is connected to GND. D4D7 - Upper half of the data byte LED+ - Connection with the back-light LED anode LED- - Connection with the back-light LED cathode

P2

VCC-5V

PD5

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

10K R32 LCD BCK PWM

PD6 VEE PA2 PC4 PC5 PC6 PC7

VCC-BRD Q5 BC846 R37 4K7 R36 1K

SW3

VCC-5V

56

DATA BUS

GND

GND

GND GND GND GND

Figure 10-2: 2x16 LCD connection schematic

CN8 LCD SOCKET

Standard and PWM-driven back-light

We have allowed LCD back-light to be enabled in two different ways: 1. It can be turned on with full brightness using SW3.1 switch. 2.  Brightness level can be determined with PWM signal from the microcontroller, allowing you to write custom back-light controlling software. This back-light mode is enabled with SW3.2 switch.

Vss Vdd Vee RS R/W E D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 A K

IMPORTANT: In order to use PWM back-light both SW3.1 and SW3.2 switches must
be enabled at the same time.

page 20

EasyAVR

v7

Graphical Liquid Crystal Displays, or GLCDs are used to display monochromatic graphical content, such as text, images, humanmachine interfaces and other content. EasyAVR v7 provides the connector and necessary interface for supporting GLCD with resolution of 128x64 pixels, driven by the KS108 or compatible display controller. Communication with the display module is done through CN16 display connector. Board is fitted with uniquely designed plastic display distancer, which allows the GLCD module to perfectly and firmly fit into place.

Display connector is routed to PB0, PB1, PA2, PA3, PD6, PD7 (control lines) and PORTC (data lines) of the microcontroller sockets. Since the same ports are used by 2x16 character LCD display, you cannot use both displays simultaneously. You can control the display contrast using dedicated potentiometer P4. Full brightness display back light can be enabled with SW3.1 switch, and PWM-driven back light with SW3.2 switch.

DATA BUS
Figure 11-1: GLCD 128x64 connection schematic
P4 BCK LIGHT BCK PWM SW3
N O 1 2

VCC-5V PD5

10K

Connector pinout explained

R34 20 Q5 BC846 R37 4K7 VCC-BRD R36 1K

PA2 PA3 PD6 PC0 PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 PC6 PC7 PD7

PB0 PB1

VCC-5V

CN16 GLCD-TFT SOCKET2 1

CS1 CS2 GND Vcc Vo RS R/W E D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 RST Vee LED+ LED-

CS1 and CS2 - Controller Chip Select lines VCC - +5V display power supply GND - Reference ground Vo - GLCD contrast level from potentiometer P4 RS - Data (High), Instruction (Low) selection line R/W - Determines whether display is in Read or Write mode.

E - Display Enable line D0D7 - Data lines RST - Display reset line Vee - Reference voltage for GLCD contrast potentiometer P3 LED+ - Connection with the back-light LED anode LED- - Connection with the back-light LED cathode

GLCD BCK PWM

20

Standard and PWM-driven back-light

As for LCD, we have allowed GLCD back-light to be enabled in two different ways: 1. It can be turned on with full brightness using SW3.1 switch. 2.  Brightness level can be determined with PWM signal from the microcontroller, allowing you to write custom back-light controlling software. This back-light mode is enabled with SW3.2 switch.

IMPORTANT: In order to use PWM back-light both SW3.1 and SW3.2 switches must
be enabled at the same time.

EasyAVR

v7

page 21

displays
3 4 5 6 7 8

GLCD 128x64

displays

Touch panel controller

Touch panel is a glass panel whose surface is covered with two layers of resistive material. When the screen is pressed, the outer layer is pushed onto the inner layer and appropriate controllers can measure that pressure and pinpoint its location. This is how touch panels can be used as an input devices. EasyAVR v7 is equipped with touch panel controller and connector for 4-wire resistive touch panels. It can very accurately register pressure at a specific point, representing the touch coordinates in the form of analog voltages, which can then be easily converted to X and Y values. Touch panel comes as a part of display.

Correctly placing the touch panel cable into the connector

1
Figure 12-1: Put Touch panel flat cable in the connector
BOTTOM LEFT CN16 GLCD-TFT SOCKET2 1
CS1 CS2 GND Vcc Vo RS R/W E D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 RST Vee LED+ LED-

2
Figure 12-2: Use a tip of your finger to push it inside

3
Figure 12-3: Now place GLCD with Touch panel into GLCD socket

VCC-BRD

20 Q6 BC856 R40 10K RIGHT VCC-BRD Q9 BC856 R44 10K TOP Q13 BC846 R41 10K VCC-BRD R43 1K DRIVEA R38 1K

Enabling Touch panel

Touch panel is enabled using SW8.5, SW8.6, SW8.7 and SW8.8 switches. They connect READ-X and READ-Y lines of the touch panel with PA0 and PA1 analog inputs, and DRIVEA and DRIVEB with PA2 and PA3 digital outputs on microcontroller sockets. Make sure to disconnect other peripherals, LEDs and additional pull-up or pull-down resistors from the interface lines in order not to interfere with signal/data integrity.

CN20

LEFT C24 100nF

Q10 BC846 R46 100K R47 10K

VCC-BRD

RIGHT TOP LEFT BOTTOM

21 22 23 24

E7 10uF

VCC-BRD BOTTOM C33 100nF Q11 BC846 R55 100K R53 10K R52 1K DRIVEB

DATA BUS

Figure 12-4: Touch Panel controller and connection schematic page 22

PA0 PA1 PA2 PA3 SW8

BOTTOM LEFT DRIVEA DRIVEB

Figure 12-5: Turn on switches 5 through 8 on SW8 to enable Touch panel controller

N O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

EasyAVR

v7

4 digit 7-seg display

One seven segment digit consist of 7+1 LEDs which are arranged in a specific formation which can be used to represent digits from 0 to 9 and even some letters. One additional LED is used for marking the decimal dot, in case you want to write a decimal point in the desired segment. EasyAVR v7 contains four of these digits put together to form 4-digit 7-segment display. Driving such a display is done using multiplexing techniques. Data lines are shared between segments, and therefore the same segment LEDs in each digit are connected in parallel. Each digit has its unique digit select line, which is used to enable the digit to which the data is currently being sent. By multiplexing data through all four segments fast enough, you create an illusion that all four segments are in operation simultaneously. This is possible because human eye has a slower reaction time than the mention changes. This way you can represent numbers in decimal or hexadecimal form. Eight data lines that are common for all the digits are connected to PORTC, and digit select lines are connected to PA0 PA3 lines on the microcontroller sockets.

Enabling the display

To enable digit select lines for the 4-digit 7-segment display you have to turn on SW8.1, SW8.2, SW8.3 and SW8.4 switches. Digit select lines are connected to PA0 PA3 pins on the microcontroller sockets, while data lines are connected to PC0 PC7 pins. Make sure to disconnect other peripherals from the interface lines in order not to interfere with signal/data integrity.

Figure 13-1: Turn on switches 1 through 4 on SW8 to enable 4-digit 7-seg display

SEG G SEG F COM3 SEG A SEG B

SEG G SEG F COM2 SEG A SEG B

SEG G SEG F COM1 SEG A SEG B

SEG G SEG F COM0 SEG A SEG B

COM1 DIS1 R27 10K Q3 BC846 DIS3 R14 10K

COM3

10 9 8 7 6

g f cc a b

g f cc a b

g f cc a b

g f cc a b

10 9 8 7 6

10 9 8 7 6

10 9 8 7 6

Q1 BC846

DIS0 DIS1 DIS2 DIS3

PA0 PA1 PA2 PA3

COM0
c dp c dp c dp c dp

COM2 DIS2 R19 10K Q2 BC846 SW8

DIS0

R30 10K Q4 BC846

PC0 PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 PC6 PC7

R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R11

470 470 470 470 470 470 470 470

seg A seg B seg C seg D seg E seg F seg Q seg DP

e d

e d

e d

e d

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

SEG C SEG DP

SEG C SEG DP

SEG C SEG DP

SEG C SEG DP

SEG E SEG D

SEG E SEG D

SEG E SEG D

SEG E SEG D

1 2 3 4 5

N O

DATA BUS
Figure 13-2: 4-digit 7-segment display schematic

EasyAVR

v7

page 23

displays
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

DS1820 - Digital Temperature Sensor

DS1820 is a digital temperature sensor that uses 1-wire interface for its operation. It is capable of measuring temperatures within the range of -55 to 128C, and provides 0.5C accuracy for temperatures within the range of -10 to 85C. It requires 3V to 5.5V power supply for stable operation. It takes maximum of 750ms for the DS1820 to calculate temperature with 9-bit resolution. 1-wire serial communication enables data to be transferred over a single communication line, while the process itself is under the control of the master microcontroller. The advantage of such communication is that only one microcontroller pin is used. Multiple sensors can be connected on the same line. All slave devices by default have a unique ID code, which enables the master device to easily identify all devices sharing the same interface. EasyAVR v7 provides a separate socket (TS1) for the DS1820. Communication line with the microcontroller is connected via jumper J18.

modules

Enabling DS1820 Sensor

1 2 3 4

VCC-BRD
C12 100nF

VCC-BRD
R31 1K

DQ

DQ VCC

EasyAVR v7 enables you to establish 1-wire communication between DS1820 and the microcontroller via PB4 or PA7 microcontroller pins. The selection of either of those two lines is done using J18 jumper. When placing the sensor in the socket make sure that half-circle on the boards silkscreen markings matches the rounded part of the DS1820 sensor. If you accidentally connect the sensor the other way, it may be permanently damaged. Make sure to disconnect other peripherals (except 1-wire), LEDs and additional pull-up or pull-down resistors from the interface lines in order not to interfere with signal/data integrity.

Figure 14-5: DS1820 connected to PB4 pin

J18

PA7 PB4

page 24

EasyAVR

DATA BUS
v7

Figure 14-1: DS1820 not connected

Figure 14-2: DS1820 placed in socket

Figure 14-3: DS1820 connected to PB4 pin

Figure 14-4: DS1820 connected to PA7 pin

GND

LM35 - Analog Temperature Sensor

The LM35 is a low-cost precision integrated-circuit temperature sensor, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. The LM35 thus has an advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from its output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling. It has a linear +10.0 mV/C scale factor and less than 60 A current drain. As it draws only 60 A from its supply, it has very low self-heating, less than 0.1C in still air. EasyAVR v7 enables you to get analog readings from the LM35 sensor in restricted temperature range from +2C to +150C. Board provides a separate socket (TS2) for the LM35 sensor in TO-92 plastic packaging. Readings are done with microcontroller using single analog input line, which is selected with jumper J19. Jumper connects the sensor with either PA7 or PB4 microcontroller pins.

Enabling LM35 Sensor

1 2 3 4

Figure 15-1: LM35 not connected

Figure 15-2: LM35 placed in socket

Figure 15-3: LM35 connected to PB4 pin

Figure 15-4: LM35 connected to PA7 pin

DATA BUS

VCC VOUT GND

EasyAVR v7 enables you to get analog readings from the LM35 sensor using PA7 or PB4 microcontroller pins. The selection of either of those two lines is done using J19 jumper. When placing the sensor in the socket make sure that half-circle on the boards silkscreen markings matches the rounded part of the LM35 sensor. If you accidentally connect the sensor the other way, it can be permanently damaged and you might need to replace it with another one. During the readings of the sensor, make sure that no other device uses the selected analog line, because it may interfere with the readings.

C23 100nF

VOUT

J19
PB4 PA7
Figure 15-5: LM35 connected to PA7 pin page 25

EasyAVR

v7

modules

100

R33

modules

ADC inputs
Digital signals have two discrete states, which are decoded as high and low, and interpreted as logic 1 and logic 0. Analog signals, on the other hand, are continuous, and can have any value within defined range. A/D converters are specialized circuits which can convert analog signals (voltages) into a digital representation, usually in form of an integer number. The value of this number is linearly dependent on the input voltage value. Most microcontrollers nowadays internally have A/D converters connected to one or more input pins. Some of the most important parameters of A/D converters are conversion time and resolution. Conversion time determines how fast can an analog voltage be represented in form of a digital number. This is an important parameter if you need fast data acquisition. The other parameter is resolution. Resolution represents the number of discrete steps that supported voltage range can be divided into. It determines the sensitivity of the A/D converter. Resolution is represented in maximum number of bits that resulting number occupies. Most AVR microcontrollers have 10-bit resolution, meaning that maximum value of conversion can be represented with 10 bits, which converted to integer is 210=1024. This means that supported voltage range, for example from 0-5V, can be divided into 1024 discrete steps of about 4.88mV. EasyAVR v7 provides an interface in form of two potentiometers for simulating analog input voltages that can be routed to any of the 12 supported analog input pins.
VCC-BRD

Enabling ADC inputs

DATA BUS
Figure 16-2: Schematic of ADC input

PB0 PB2 PD6 PB4 PB5 PC3

P1 R17 220

Figure 16-1: use J3 and J4 jumpers to connect analog input lines In order to connect the output of the potentiometer P1 to PB0, PB2, PD6, PB4, PB5 or PC3 analog microcontroller inputs, you have to place the jumper J3 in the desired position. If you want to connect potentiometer P3 to any of the PB1, PB3, PD7, PC4, PA5 or PA6 analog microcontroller inputs, place jumper J4 in the desired position. By moving the potentiometer knob, you can create voltages in range from GND to VCC-BRD.

J3
PB1 PB3 PD7 PC4 PA5 PA6

C4 100nF

10K VCC-BRD

P3 R29 220 10K

J4

C10 100nF

page 26

EasyAVR

v7

Enabling I2C EEPROM

EEPROM is short for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory. It is usually a secondary storage memory in devices containing data that is retained even if the device looses power supply. Because of the ability to alter single bytes of data, EEPROM devices are used to store personal preference and configuration data in a wide spectrum of consumer, automotive, telecommunication, medical, industrial, and PC applications. EasyAVR v7 supports serial EEPROM which uses I2C communication interface and has 1024 bytes of available memory. Board contains socket for serial EEPROMs in DIP8 packaging, so you can easily exchange it with different memory size EEPROM IC. EEPROM itself supports single byte or 16-byte (page) write and read operations. Data rate is 400 kHz for both 3.3V and 5V power supply.

In order to connect I2C EEPROM to the microcontroller you must enable SW5.7 and SW5.8 as well as appropriate SW6 switches depending on socket you want to use, as shown on Figure 17-1. 1k pull-up resistors necessary for I2C communication are already provided on SDA and SCL lines once switches are turned on. Prior to using EEPROM in your application, make sure to disconnect other peripherals, LEDs and additional pull-up or pull-down resistors from the interface lines in order not to interfere with signal/data integrity.

What is I2C?
I2C is a multi-master serial single-ended bus that is used to attach low-speed peripherals to computer or embedded systems. IC uses only two open-drain lines, Serial Data Line (SDA) and Serial Clock (SCL), pulled up with resistors. SCL line is driven by a master, while SDA is used as bidirectional line either by master or slave device. Up to 112 slave devices can be connected to the same bus. Each slave must have a unique address.

DATA BUS
VCC-BRD VCC-BRD U4 A0 A1 A2 VSS 24C08 VCC WP SCL SDA VCC-BRD C25 100nF

1 2 3 4

8 7 6 5

R48 1K

R49 1K EEPROM-SCL EEPROM-SDA

SCL SDA
SW6

SCL4 SDA4 SCL3 SDA3 SCL2 SDA2 SCL1 SDA1

PB2 PB0 PC0 PC1 PC5 PC4 PA4 PA6

N O

N O

DIP40B DIP28 DIP14

SW5

EasyAVR

v7

I2C SELECTION

DIP20B

Figure 17-1: Schematic of I2C EEPROM module connected to DIP40B socket pins

page 27

modules
1

I C EEPROM
2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

modules

Piezo Buzzer
Piezo electricity is the charge which accumulates in certain solid materials in response to mechanical pressure, but also providing the charge to the piezoelectric material causes it to physically deform. One of the most widely used applications of piezo electricity is the production of sound generators, called piezo buzzers. Piezo buzzer is an electric component that comes in different shapes and sizes, which can be used to create sound waves when provided with analog electrical signal. EasyAVR v7 comes with piezo buzzer which can be connected either to PB1 or PD4 microcontroller pins, which is determined by the position of J21 jumper. Buzzer is driven by transistor Q8 (Figure 18-1). Microcontrollers can create sound by generating a PWM (Pulse Width Modulated) signal a square wave signal, which is nothing more than
VCC-5V
TOP VIEW

a sequence of logic zeros and ones. Frequency of the square signal determines the pitch of the generated sound, and duty cycle of the signal can be used to increase or decrease the volume in the range from 0% to 100% of the duty cycle. You can generate PWM signal using hardware capture-compare module, which is usually available in most microcontrollers, or by writing a custom software which emulates the desired signal waveform.

Supported sound frequencies

Piezo buzzers resonant frequency (where you can expect it's best performance) is 3.8kHz, but you can also use it to create sound in the range between 2kHz and 4kHz.

DATA BUS
Figure 18-1: Piezo buzzer connected to TOP PB1 microcontroller pin VIEW
PZ1 TOP VIEW PERSPECTIVE VCC-5V VIEW PZ1 TOP 50% Freq = 3kHz, VIEW VIEW PZ1 VCC-5V
PB1 PD4

R39 1K

PZ1 BUZZER

PERSPECTIVE VIEW

Enabling Piezo Buzzer

In order to use the on-board Piezo Buzzer in your application, you first have to connect the transistor driver of piezo buzzer to the appropriate microcontroller pin. This is done using jumper J21. You can place the jumper in two positions, thus connecting the buzzer driver to either PB1 or PD4 microcontroller pin. Figure 18-2: Use jumper J12 to connect Piezo buzzer on PB1 or PD4 pin

VCC-5V

R3 1K

J21

10K

Freq = 3kHz, Duty Cycle =

R3 R27 1K

J21

50% PERSPECTIVEVolume = Q8
BC846

BUZZER How to make it sing?RE1 10K

RC2

Freq = 3kHz, Duty Cycle = 80%

Freq = 3kHz, RE1 80% 10K to the buzzer driver. The pitch of the PERSPECTIVEVolume = Q8 J21 by the frequency, sound is determined VIEW BC846 RC2 R27 and amplitude is determined by the BUZZER Freq = 3kHz, Duty Cycle = 20% Freq = 3kHz, duty cycle of the PWM signal. RE1 Volume = 20% 10K Q8
BC846

J21 R3 Buzzer starts "singing" when you provide RC2 1K R27 PWM BUZZER signal from the microcontroller

TO SOCKETS TO SOCKETS TO SOCKETS

BUZZER

R42

Q8 BC846

page 28

EasyAVR

v7

EasyAVR v7 contains three GND pins located in three different sections of the board, which allow you to easily connect oscilloscope GND reference when you monitor signals on microcontroller pins, or signals of on-board modules.

1 1

GND is located between SW10 and SW8 DIP switches.

GND is located between DIP20A and DIP20B sockets.

GND is located between DIP28 and DIP40B sockets.

Figure 19-1: 3 oscilloscope GND pins are conveniently positioned so each part of the board can be reached with an oscilloscope probe

EasyAVR

v7

page 29

modules

Additional GNDs

whats next?

Whats Next?
You have now completed the journey through each and every feature of EasyAVR v7 board. You got to know its modules, organization, supported microcontrollers, programmer. Now you are ready to start using your new board. We are suggesting several steps which are probably the best way to begin. We invite you to join thousands of users of EasyAVR brand. You will find very useful projects and tutorials and can get help from a large ecosystem of users. Welcome!

Compiler
You still dont have an appropriate compiler? Locate AVR compiler that suits you best on the Product DVD provided with the package:
DVD://download/eng/software/compilers/

MIK ROC ILERS , MI COMP KRO

BOARDS SSORY ACCE

Choose between mikroC, mikroBasic and mikroPascal and download fully functional demo version, so you can begin building your AVR applications.

AD DI T

L NA IO

RE WA FT SO

BA SIC ,M IK RO PA SC AL

CO

RS LE PI M

PRODUCT DVD
www.mikroe.com www.libstock.com

EXAM PLE S

S VER DRI

PROGRAMM ERS A ND D EBU GG ER S

S TIC MA HE

lab

Projects
Once you have chosen your compiler, and since you already got the board, you are ready to start writing your first projects. We have equipped our compilers with dozens of examples that demonstrate the use of each and every feature of the EasyAVR V7 board, and all of our accessory boards as well. This makes an excellent starting point for your future projects. Just load the example, read well commented code, and see how it works on hardware. Browse through the compiler Examples path to find the following folder:
\Development Systems\

Community
If you want to find answers to your questions on many interesting topics we invite you to visit our forum at http://www.mikroe.com/forum and browse through more than 150 thousand posts. You are likely to find just the right information for you. On the other hand, if you want to download free projects and libraries, or share your own code, please visit the Libstock website. With user profiles, you can get to know other programmers, and subscribe to receive notifications on their code.
http://www.libstock.com/

Support

le on Product

We all know how important it is that we can rely on someone in moments when we are stuck with our projects, facing a deadline, or when we just want to ask a simple, basic question, thats pulling us back for a while. We do understand how important this is to people and therefore our Support Department is one of the pillars upon which our company is based. MikroElektronika offers Free Tech Support to the end of product lifetime, so if something goes wrong, we are ready and willing to help!
http://www.mikroe.com/esupport/

page 30

EasyAVR

D EVELO PME UALS NT MAN BO A

RD S

ai

D!
DV
v7

IA ED M RO

DS AR BO

Copyright 2012 Mikroelektronika. All rights reserved. MikroElektronika, MikroElektronika logo and other MikroElektronika trademarks are the property of MikroElektronika. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Unauthorised copying, hiring, renting, public performance and broadcasting of this DVD is strictly prohibited.

M IK

SC

Av

DISCLAIMER
All the products owned by MikroElektronika are protected by copyright law and international copyright treaty. Therefore, this manual is to be treated as any other copyright material. No part of this manual, including product and software described herein, must be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, translated or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of MikroElektronika. The manual PDF edition can be printed for private or local use, but not for distribution. Any modification of this manual is prohibited. MikroElektronika provides this manual as is without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties or conditions of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. MikroElektronika shall assume no responsibility or liability for any errors, omissions and inaccuracies that may appear in this manual. In no event shall MikroElektronika, its directors, officers, employees or distributors be liable for any indirect, specific, incidental or consequential damages (including damages for loss of business profits and business information, business interruption or any other pecuniary loss) arising out of the use of this manual or product, even if MikroElektronika has been advised of the possibility of such damages. MikroElektronika reserves the right to change information contained in this manual at any time without prior notice, if necessary.

HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES

The products of MikroElektronika are not fault tolerant nor designed, manufactured or intended for use or resale as on line control equipment in hazardous environments requiring fail safe performance, such as in the operation of nuclear facilities, aircraft navigation or communication systems, air traffic control, direct life support machines or weapons systems in which the failure of Software could lead directly to death, personal injury or severe physical or environmental damage (High Risk Activities). MikroElektronika and its suppliers specifically disclaim any expressed or implied warranty of fitness for High Risk Activities.

TRADEMARKS
The MikroElektronika name and logo, the MikroElektronika logo, mikroC, mikroBasic, mikroPascal, mikroProg, EasyAVR, READY, mikroBus, mikromedia, MINI and Click boards are trademarks of MikroElektronika. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. All other product and corporate names appearing in this manual may or may not be registered trademarks or copyrights of their respective companies, and are only used for identification or explanation and to the owners benefit, with no intent to infringe.

Copyright MikroElektronika, 2013, All Rights Reserved.

If you want to learn more about our products, please visit our website at www.mikroe.com If you are experiencing some problems with any of our products or just need additional information, please place your ticket at www.mikroe.com/esupport If you have any questions, comments or business proposals, do not hesitate to contact us at office@mikroe.com

EasyAVR v7 User Manual ver. 1.01

0 100000 023297

Mouser Electronics
Authorized Distributor

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