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    1705 1530 1615 Introduction 3d Tunnel

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    Junaida Wally
    This document discusses modeling tunnels in 3D using the PLAXIS finite element code. It describes constructing tunnel geometries, defining construction stages, applying loads, and visualizing outputs. Two common tunneling methods are covered: the shield tunneling contraction model and grout pressure model. An example analysis of the Second Heinenoord Tunnel using the grout pressure model in 14 construction stages is presented. The document emphasizes that 3D models require significant computation time but have become practical with advances in computing power.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    1705 1530 1615 Introduction 3d Tunnel

    Uploaded by

    Junaida Wally
    193 views12 pages
    This document discusses modeling tunnels in 3D using the PLAXIS finite element code. It describes constructing tunnel geometries, defining construction stages, applying loads, and visualizing outputs. Two common tunneling methods are covered: the shield tunneling contraction model and grout pressure model. An example analysis of the Second Heinenoord Tunnel using the grout pressure model in 14 construction stages is presented. The document emphasizes that 3D models require significant computation time but have become practical with advances in computing power.

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    tunnel

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    This document discusses modeling tunnels in 3D using the PLAXIS finite element code. It describes constructing tunnel geometries, defining construction stages, applying loads, and visualizing outputs. Two common tunneling methods are covered: the shield tunneling contraction model and grout pressure model. An example analysis of the Second Heinenoord Tunnel using the grout pressure model in 14 construction stages is presented. The document emphasizes that 3D models require significant computation time but have become practical with advances in computing power.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    193 views12 pages

    1705 1530 1615 Introduction 3d Tunnel

    Uploaded by

    Junaida Wally
    This document discusses modeling tunnels in 3D using the PLAXIS finite element code. It describes constructing tunnel geometries, defining construction stages, applying loads, and visualizing outputs. Two common tunneling methods are covered: the shield tunneling contraction model and grout pressure model. An example analysis of the Second Heinenoord Tunnel using the grout pressure model in 14 construction stages is presented. The document emphasizes that 3D models require significant computation time but have become practical with advances in computing power.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 12

    Tunnels in Plaxis

    Dennis Waterman
    Plaxis BV

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    Tunnel designer
    Full tunnel Half tunnel left part Half tunnel right part

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    CG1 Chile May 15-18, 2006: Introduction to Plaxis 3D Tunnel

    Shield tunnel
    Geometry construction
    Select tunnel shape (half or whole tunnel) Select option bored tunnel Contraction model:
    Activate shell and interface to model tunnel lining

    For grout pressure model:


    Activate shell and interface to model TBM Use thickness to model tunnel lining with volume elements
    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    Shield tunnel
    Contraction model
    First phase
    Activation of tunnel lining Excavation of soil inside tunnel Dewatering (make tunnel clusters dry)

    Second phase
    Apply contraction
    Method to simulate soil volume loss outside tunnel Mostly used for shield tunnelling Input and activation via staged construction
    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    CG1 Chile May 15-18, 2006: Introduction to Plaxis 3D Tunnel

    Shield tunnel
    Grout pressure model
    First phase
    Activation of TBM Excavation of soil inside TBM Dewatering (make tunnel clusters dry)

    Second phase
    Applying small contraction to model cone shaped TBM

    Third phase
    Switch off TBM Apply grout pressure

    Fourth phase
    Remove grout pressure Install final lining
    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    NATM tunnel
    Geometry construction
    Select tunnel shape (half or whole tunnel) Select option NATM tunnel Start to enter radius and angle of first section Select second section Repeat this for all sections Activate shell and interface for section independently when needed

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    CG1 Chile May 15-18, 2006: Introduction to Plaxis 3D Tunnel

    NATM tunnel
    -method
    First phase
    Deactivate tunnel clusters without activating of lining and calculate using Mstage = 1 - (Staged Construction, Advanced)

    Second phase
    Activate tunnel lining and continue calculation until Mstage = 1

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    Plaxis 3D Tunnel
    Dennis Waterman
    Plaxis BV

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    CG1 Chile May 15-18, 2006: Introduction to Plaxis 3D Tunnel

    Content
    General remarks about 3D models Creation of a 3D model
    Procedure Geometry input Calculations Output and visualisation

    Examples Conclusions
    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    General remarks about 3D models


    Requires long calculation time and much computer memory
    Find balance between accuracy and calculation time

    Requires patience and understanding of users Becomes practically applicable

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    CG1 Chile May 15-18, 2006: Introduction to Plaxis 3D Tunnel

    Creation of a 3D model
    Procedure
    2D modelling of cross section plane 2D mesh generation of cross section model 3D extension in third direction (z-planes and slices) Staged construction and excavation of geometry parts per plane or slice
    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    Cross section plane

    2D mesh 3D mesh y

    Creation of a 3D model
    Planes and Slices
    y

    rear plane x z-planes slices front plane z

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    CG1 Chile May 15-18, 2006: Introduction to Plaxis 3D Tunnel

    Creation of a 3D model
    Geometry-input
    Like in PLAXIS 2D 3D extension via z-planes: 15-noded wedge elements (comparable with 6-noded el. in 2D)

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    Creation of a 3D model
    Calculations
    All phases defined by means of Staged Construction Indicate per slice or plane:
    (De)activation of soil and structures Changing material data sets (De)activation of loads Contraction Volume strain (water) pressure

    Top view option Full 3D preview


    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    CG1 Chile May 15-18, 2006: Introduction to Plaxis 3D Tunnel

    Creation of a 3D model

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    Creation of a 3D model
    Output and visualisation
    Visualisation in full 3D and in 2D cross sections Separate output for structural elements Partial geometry option (looking iniside model)

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    CG1 Chile May 15-18, 2006: Introduction to Plaxis 3D Tunnel

    Creation of a 3D model

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    Example
    Second Heinenoord Tunnel (shield Tunnel)
    ID 0B 0A 3 2 18 32 stiff 38 stiff 38F stiff g_unsat g_sat nu E_ref c' phi psi K0 [kN/m3] [kN/m3] [ - ] [kN/m2] [kN/m2] [ ] [] [-] Drained 16.5 17.2 0.34 3900 3.0 27.0 0.0 0.58 Undrained 16.5 17.2 0.34 3900 3.0 27.0 0.0 0.58 Drained 19.5 19.5 0.30 19300 0.0 35.0 5.0 0.47 Drained 19.0 19.0 0.31 18500 0.0 33.0 3.0 0.47 Drained 20.5 20.5 0.30 29600 0.0 36.5 6.5 0.45 Drained 20.5 20.5 0.30 444000 0.0 36.5 6.5 0.50 Undrained 20.0 20.0 0.32 119000 7.0 31.0 1.0 0.55 Drained 21.0 21.0 0.30 593000 0.0 37.5 7.5 0.56 Type

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    CG1 Chile May 15-18, 2006: Introduction to Plaxis 3D Tunnel

    Example

    10.5m 8.5m

    14 x 3m

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    Example
    Phases:
    TBM advances one slice (3m) in every phase TBM front: face pressure TBM tail: Contraction 0.5% Between TBM and lining: Groutpressure, jack forces Application of lining

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    CG1 Chile May 15-18, 2006: Introduction to Plaxis 3D Tunnel

    10

    Example

    Deformed mesh

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    CG1 Chile May 15-18, 2006: Introduction to Plaxis 3D Tunnel

    11

    Conclusions
    3D calculations are time consuming, but become practically applicable. Perform only 3D calculations if really necessary Take care of the following aspects:
    Choice of soil models and parameters Mesh fineness (coarseness) Calculation phases (construction stages)
    PLAXIS FINITE ELEMENT CODE FOR SOIL AND ROCK ANALYSES

    CG1 Chile May 15-18, 2006: Introduction to Plaxis 3D Tunnel

    12

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