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    3.3 - Phase Changes

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    Phase changes involve a reversible physical change between different states of matter such as melting, freezing, vaporization, and condensation. These changes occur at consistent temperatures and involve the absorption or release of energy. During phase changes, the temperature of the substance remains constant while large amounts of energy are used to break or form molecular bonds as molecules rearrange their structure. The energy required or released during phase changes depends on the type of change and properties of the substance.

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    3.3 - Phase Changes

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    popadora
    251 views3 pages
    Phase changes involve a reversible physical change between different states of matter such as melting, freezing, vaporization, and condensation. These changes occur at consistent temperatures and involve the absorption or release of energy. During phase changes, the temperature of the substance remains constant while large amounts of energy are used to break or form molecular bonds as molecules rearrange their structure. The energy required or released during phase changes depends on the type of change and properties of the substance.

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    3.3 - Phase Changes

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    Phase changes involve a reversible physical change between different states of matter such as melting, freezing, vaporization, and condensation. These changes occur at consistent temperatures and involve the absorption or release of energy. During phase changes, the temperature of the substance remains constant while large amounts of energy are used to break or form molecular bonds as molecules rearrange their structure. The energy required or released during phase changes depends on the type of change and properties of the substance.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as rtf, pdf, or txt
    251 views3 pages

    3.3 - Phase Changes

    Uploaded by

    popadora
    Phase changes involve a reversible physical change between different states of matter such as melting, freezing, vaporization, and condensation. These changes occur at consistent temperatures and involve the absorption or release of energy. During phase changes, the temperature of the substance remains constant while large amounts of energy are used to break or form molecular bonds as molecules rearrange their structure. The energy required or released during phase changes depends on the type of change and properties of the substance.

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    Phase Changes

    Characteristics of Phase changes:


    phase change is a reversible physical change between states of matter - melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation, sublimation, and deposition, with characteristics related to energy and temperatured >Temperature and Phase Changes-temperature of substance doesn't change during a phase change naphthalene = mothball compound - solid->liquid = up to 8 C, then stops until change is complete - l->s = temp drops to 8 C and stays until freezing is complete - l->g = temp rises to !"8 C until boiling is complete >#nergy and Phase Changes phase change = energy transferred btwn substance and surrounding, w/ direction deperding on type of change - energy is absorbed$released during phase change endothermic changes = system absorbs energy; melting, etc heat of fusion = !oules "##$ for water% water releases ##$ ! during freezing and absorbs ame amount during freezing - so, farmers spray water over cold crops b/c water gives of heat during freezing - another e&ample = ice ring with different layers of insulation, etc e%othermic change = releases energy, including freezing

    &elting and 'reezing(


    - water molecule arrangements become less orderly during melting and more orderly during freezing) >&eltingice/solids = attractions btwn molecules 'eep them fi&ed more heat = more average 'inetic energy of motion

    at melting point "( ) for water%, particles have enough energy to brea' bonds and move, and melting is complete any energy gain later = more temp and ave 'inetic energy >'reezing cools down so the ave 'inetic energy decreases and the particles move slowly enough so the bonds have an effect and the molecules are in an organized bond isn*t always cold "eg silicon%

    *aporization and Condensation(


    vaporization = change from liquid to gas "endothermic, must absorb energy% heat of vaporization +varies, = energy a liquid substance must gain to become a gas water = +,+,- !oules gained per gram at vaporization at .(( ) ! types of vaporization( evaporation at surface, below the boiling point >#vaporation( evaporation is vaporization at surface, w/ temp below boiling point molecules at surface gain energy and become vapor in a closed container, vapor collects above the liquid and causes vapor pressure between walls and collisions of vapor pressure increases with temp - higher temps = more particles that are free to overcome attractions >-oiling( heating water: temp increases and vapor pressure increases to atmospheric pressure, when it boils: the boiling point of water is " C / boiling point, molecules below surface have enough energy to overcome bonds, so they become bubbles, float to surface, and are realeased into the air depends on atmostpheric pressure - water / sea level = .(( ) - higher elevations = lower >Condensation( condensation = gas/vapor -> liquid "e&othermic%

    .ublimation and /eposition(

    sublimation = solid to gas directly without liquid state, endothermic process - dry ice = condensed )0+ which causes clouds during sublimation deposition = opposite of sublimation, from gas + solid, causes frost and is e&othermic

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