Soccer Training For Goalkeepers
Soccer Training For Goalkeepers
Soccer Training For Goalkeepers
Original Title: Fuballtorwart Das neue Training 2000 by Meyer & Meyer Verlag, Aachen
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Soccer Training for Goalkeepers Training Sessions for all Age Groups Oxford: Meyer & Meyer Sport (UK) Ltd., 2006 ISBN 10: 1-84126-186-6 ISBN 13: 978-1-84126-186-7 All rights reserved, especially the right to copy and distribute, including the translation rights. No part of this work may be reproduced including by photocopy, microfilm or any other means processed, stored electronically, copied or distributed in any form whatsoever without the written permission of the publisher. 2006 by Meyer & Meyer Sport (UK) Ltd. Aachen, Adelaide, Auckland, Budapest, Graz, Johannesburg, New York, Olten (CH), Oxford, Singapore, Toronto Member of the World Sports Publishers' Association (WSPA) www.w-s-p-a.org Printed and bound by: B.O.S.S Druck und Medien GmbH, Germany ISBN 10: 1-84126-186-6 ISBN 13: 978-1-84126-186-7 E-Mail: verlag@m-m-sports.com www.m-m-sports.com
CONTENTS
CONTENTS
The goalkeeper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Foreword by Jens Lehmann, German National Player & Arsenal London The goalkeepers new role . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Foreword by the authors 1 2 3 4 The Number 1 and the understanding of his new role . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 What must a goalkeeper be able to do and how should he train? . . . . . . . . .12 Goalkeeping Basic techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Developing childrens and youths skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 4.1 Goalkeeper All-rounder in the goal and on the field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Children and Juniors (up to 10 years) 4.2 Goalkeeper Thats what I want to be! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Juniors (aged 10-14 years) 4.3 Goalkeeper A performer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Juniors (aged 14-18 years) 4.4 Backbone of the team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Seniors The goalkeeper and the team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Building up a training session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
5 6
EXERCISES
7 8 9
Keeping occupied as a form of goalkeeper training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Warming up with the team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 Training aim Coordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
10 Training aim Fitness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55 11 The goalkeeper before the game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
12 Ten training sessions for children (aged up to 10 years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61 13 Ten training sessions for juniors (aged 10-12 years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..73 14 Ten training sessions for juniors (aged 12-14 years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95 15 Ten training sessions for juniors (aged 14-18 years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117 16 Ten training sessions for seniors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .139 17 Further training ideas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161 18 A test for the goalkeeper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163 Legend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164 Photo & Illustration Credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
FOREWORD
THE GOALKEEPER
Wherever you are, the goalkeeper is held as the madman who stands in the goal because he is too lazy to run about, and moreover because he isnt good enough to play soccer in other positions. This viewpoint has been totally superceded, particularly by experts, and nobody should shy away, even as a youngster, from standing as goalkeeper because of this. In recent years, particularly, the value of the last man out has risen also internationally. For sure, it was the change in the rules by FIFA, where the goalkeeper may no longer touch the ball with the hands following a back-pass, that brought this about. Nowadays, the goalkeeper must also possess good soccer skills. The most fitting term for him Jens Lehmann, would now be the all-rounder. Arsenal London This change in the esteem of the goalkeeper should be enough incentive for young soccerites to choose to be the one who always is taking up the rear. Contrary to a lot of prejudice, there is no other position on the field than the Number 1 who has to train so intensively. Simply from the fact that the ball may be allowed to be played by all parts of the body within the home penalty area means, besides having good coordination and movement technical skills, the body must be well built and muscular (after puberty) in order to physically withstand the inevitable hard shots that are made at goal. One of the most important characteristics of a goalkeeper is often never taken into consideration. He is the chief organizer of the way that the team arranges and plays the defense, so that the other team doesnt get a chance to shoot at goal. The saying many hands make light work comes to mind here also for modern soccer today, because practically every goal scored is a decisive one. The Number 1 doesnt perhaps play as spectacularly as the others, but by good coaching contributes more success to the team as a whole. Because of this, goalkeepers nowadays are mainly no dullards, but rather are some of the best-qualified and educated members of a team. This comes about because they have to deal with the organization of the team defense, and because they have to be rhetorically in a position to place the defenders correctly. All these things should be an incentive to have fun in goal as an all-rounder and to be able, every now and again, to shine. Yours Jens Lehmann, Arsenal London
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The male form is used throughout the book for simplicity and easy reading. In all respects the female form is equally valid and included.
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On the one hand, this gives an alternative to the much extolled wing attack, and at the same time broadens the tactical palette of the team. On the other hand, the goalkeeper has a distinct function if he is faced with such an axial attack, as being at the end of the line so to speak. Similarly, he could be the start of such an action with his efforts to start an attack. His ability to spot situations rapidly and open up accurate passing through this axis can open up decisive, game chances for his team. On this Ottmar Hitzfeld states, In every top team, there is a central axis, which leads the team. This axis is the factor that radiates the personality and the identity of such a team. And a good keeper simply is all part of this and can lead the game from the rear. This is why the improvement of understanding game play and soccer skills must consequentially be also included in daily routine training alongside the inevitable individual training. The requirement is to carry out goalkeeper training in a game form together with the team or parts of the team, so that the goalkeeper is confronted with typical, competitive situations. The field players can be given tasks to vary the exercises.
CONCLUSIONS/SUMMARY
The goalkeeper must receive individual schooling in skills for keeping the goal. He needs to have soccer skills in his role as vice-sweeper and attack initiator for his team, and these skills can be acquired by participating in team training. As the main stay of his team he must practice competitive situations with the whole team or with part groups so that they can get as near as possible to realistic play in training.
In play, goalkeepers are no cavaliers. They always have to have priority on the ball!
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The eye must always be on the ball here is a promising talent in action
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Basic Fitness
Flexibility, ability to react, coordination, speed, take-off power. Organizing the defense, positional play, control of the penalty box, standard situations, winning a tackle one on one. Concentration, commitment, daring, selfconfidence, equanimity, anticipation, coping with stress, (Its well known that games are won in the head!) Be able to read the intentions of fellow players and the opposition, be able to intervene into the game at the right time and in the right situation, judge the players direction, be able to develop a sense of game situations.
Basic Tactics
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By looking closer at the goalkeepers job profile, the importance of German Union Trainer Detlev Brggemanns observation will be quickly recognized: The goalkeeper is none other than the most active player of a team nearest to its own goal. In this function he cannot be differentiated from the remainder of the team. His constant play together with the field players becomes a fundamental basic factor. This aspect of goalkeeping has, of course, consequences for the schooling of goalkeepers at all performance levels and for all age groups. The inclusion of the goalkeeper in complex training exercises with the field players is the order of the day.
Goalkeeper training can only be carried out by playing realistic game exercises! Detlev Brggemann
Ex-German League Goalkeeper Jrg Daniel justifiably points out a problem correctly regarding training. Lots of trainers know very little about goalkeeping techniques and tactics from their own sports experience. This lack of knowledge leads to the fact that the right basic situations of goalkeeping in training are not made transparent by movement sequences and as a result, the necessary tactical tips are not forthcoming. Therefore, goalkeeper training should be combined as often as possible with team training. On the other hand, individual training should not only be carried out by the instructor, co-instructor, reserve goalkeeper or a defense player, but also every now and again with offensive players so that reality is brought in using genuine attacking players and he has to get used to them. And finally, the goalkeeper can take part as a field player where the role as an attacker will be interesting for him, because he can experience the reactions of his colleagues.
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The goalkeeper must have good soccer skills and be able to kick with either foot Erich Ribbeck, former German National Coach
Summarizing, we can observe that the training regime of the goalkeeper should be organized as varied as possible, so that he can operate well in front of his own goal, often as the last player. Therefore, goalkeeping training must be built directly into team training. The goalkeeper must train as often as possible with the team to develop his playing skills and to become integrated into the game play his team employs. Because individual training still has its value in view of the new aim, he has to stand back from some of the team and from competitive training in order to do this. There is also the task of organizing the individual learning aspects to match the appropriate age and development phases, where children and youths are concerned. Only a long-term, structured training of youths will fit the budding goalkeeper to pick up his necessary skills.
A good goalkeeper reads the body language of the opposition and their intentions!
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BASIC TECHNIQUES
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POSITIONAL PLAY
Defensive Blocking 1 2 3 4 5 6 Catching Collecting (the ball) Punching Diving (after the ball) Foot defense Deflecting (the ball) Offensive Build up of Play A B C D E Goal kick Kick out Throw out Rolling pass Passing
On Guard Position
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On guard position
Criteria Place legs shoulder-width apart. Knees slightly bent. Body weight placed over the balls of the feet. Arms stretched out forming an angle. Body tensed. Eye on the ball or the game situation. Mistakes Legs / Position of feet too close together leads to imbalance. Feet too wide apart creates a tunnel. Upper body too upright or knees bent too far longer reaction time needed. Body weight centered over the heels.
On guard position
1) Catching the ball
Criteria Upper body slightly bent. Stretch for the ball with the arms. Fingers held spread wide apart with the thumbs pointing inwards. Control the ball after catching it, down on to the chest. Mistakes Not stretching out to use the arms when catching the ball. Upper body not brought behind the ball.
BASIC TECHNIQUES
19
Punching save
20
Dive after the ball and deflect it away with one hand
5) Foot defense
Criteria Kick the ball away as far as possible and out of danger. Deflect the ball to one side with one leg stretched out. Mistakes Hitting to an opposing player. Too late with the foot block can lead to a collision i.e., foul. The ball is kicked out low.
BASIC TECHNIQUES
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B) Kick out
Criteria The goalkeeper is holding the ball in the hands. Ball is tossed up slightly in front of the body. The ball is kicked with the instep as it falls. Remain exactly behind the ball. The kicking leg follows through. The upper body tips slightly backwards. Mistakes The ball is tossed up too near to the body. The upper body is bent too far over the ball. The ball is not struck squarely by the instep. The whole movement is not smoothly executed.
BASIC TECHNIQUES
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D) Rolling pass
Criteria The goalkeeper rolls the ball flat to a player. The rolling pass is only recommended for short distances. Rolling the ball is done from a walking or running pace. Mistakes The ball is rolled from hip height. A poorly rolled ball hops over the grass and causes the receiver to have difficulties controlling it.
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Positional Play
Good positional play makes it easier for the goalkeeper to successfully intervene in the game. In defense, correct positional play avoids risky maneuvers. In this way the goalkeeper can free another player out of a threatening situation by getting clear into a position to be able to receive a pass. On the other hand, good positional play can enable a speedy changeover to an offensive action by the home team. In defense, the goalkeeper in modern soccer is increasingly faced with a one-on-one situation. Getting through this kind of situation is dependent largely on a lot of various experiences and not least a lot of training for it. Here are some possibilities for the goalkeeper: Run out to meet the attacker. Shorten the goal angle. Stand still. Wait for the attackers next move. Concentrate only on the ball. Not react to the attackers deceptive maneuvers.
Keep alert!
DEVELOPING SKILLS
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4 DEVELOPING CHILDRENS
AND YOUTHS SKILLS
In order to be able to train children and youths properly, and in order to be able to fulfill the high expectations that children have with soccer, trainers have to learn about the important development features of children and learn how to implement these in training. The development of a child does not follow a straight line of individual phases. There are many periods where growth and maturity go ahead in leaps and bounds. There are others where further development seems to stagnate. For some children these occur earlier on and for others a little later. They do not follow a straight line nor are they tied to age. Here, one could also look for the reason why children of the same age show considerable differences in their development. One also speaks of a biological age, in which physical development is measured, as well as a calendar age. Knowledge of the way a child, or one who is growing up, develops is important, because each phase of the development has its own peculiarities. In certain phases, children and youths are more able to learn and react to particular stimuli. Training constructed with this in mind promises to be more effective. There are, for example, phases of development where power, stamina, speed or coordination can be exercised with a lot of success. In other periods of the development, for example, the acquisition of motor or technical skills can be encouraged. The different development phases cannot be separated in a clear-cut manner, because the transition from one phase flows to another and each has its own individual features. Psychological research into development has come up with a number of step models. In the following, a three-step model is suggested, because: On the one hand, it seems sufficiently discriminating to be able to reflect briefly on the necessary, theoretical background. On the other hand, sufficient scope for practical implementation is given.
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STEPS IN DEVELOPMENT
Age Development Step Training Aim
Boys 10-12/13 years Girls 10-11/12 years Pre-pubescent Later school age
Boys 12/13-14/15 years Girls 11/12-13/14 years Gaining height 1st phase of puberty
Boys from 15 years Girls from 14 years 2nd phase of puberty (adolescents)
Players over 18 years Goalkeeper - the backbone of his team! Performance counts!
DEVELOPING SKILLS
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A varied basic training, no particular positional training, familiarization with the ball, intensive coordination training, throwing and catching the ball, everyone is a goalkeeper and a field player, team training only. Precursor of the golden age of learning i.e., learning the rudiments by playing.
Best age to learn, training of techniques in playing both from exercise and game situations, beginning of specialization towards goalkeeping, learning and developing further the rudiments as a goalkeeper with the ball, mainly team training, only a few periods of specialist goalkeeper training, catching balls, kick outs and throw outs etc.
Variable training provided, very good age to master techniques and improve fitness, consolidation of techniques on a high motor level, mastering coordination, training with the team, specialist goalkeeper training.
Competition training, refinement of techniques, working up ones own style as a goalkeeper identity, high intensive coordination and fitness training, introduction of opposition players, deliberate correction of mistakes.
Competition training complemented by individual correction of mistakes, specialist training, team training in all possible kinds of situation imaginable.
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4.1
GOALKEEPER ALL-ROUNDER IN THE GOAL AND ON THE FIELD CHILDREN AND JUNIORS (UP TO 10 YEARS)
As already said in the description of psychological development, in this age group the main emphasis lies in a varied, sports-motor, basic training. A varied exercise regime of running, catching and relay races, combined with climbing, jumping, rolling, running and playful movements encourages the general basic motor capabilities. The basic techniques in soccer are practiced, bit by bit in their rudimentary form, by constantly being occupied in playing with the ball. Coordination is also improved using this playful emphasis. In this age group there is no specialization and selection of a goalkeeper position per se. In the training session, each player gets to learn the basic skills of the goalkeeper catching, throwing out and drop kicking, clearing with the feet, punching out etc. In this way, the field players experience the challenges of the goalkeeping job from the beginning. It will soon be clear that it is a myth that the worst player is the one who is put in goal. In the games, one can even keep changing over the goalkeeper. On the other hand, this experience contributes to the goalkeeper gaining an understanding of play, effected by partaking in the games. He can place himself in a position facing game situations and think how the opposition would attack and how he would direct his defensive players all tasks, which are required of a modern goalkeeper. Each field player will then learn what the particular capabilities that a goalkeeper must have, so that he can operate to an optimum on behalf of the whole team. In many specialist publications, a warning is often given about specializing too early. Most, if not all experts recommend that a player should be selected to play in the goalkeeper position first after he has reached 10 years old. In this age group, training runs under the motto of being a varied, general exercise and movement regime with the aim particularly of schooling the coordination abilities and coming to terms with the sports equipment. For this, the form of playful activities, such as obstacle races, games of skill, rhythmical running and jumping exercises, basic forms of gymnastics and athletics, testing reaction games, relay races and many others, is best. Demands on the coordination ability are significantly important as this forms the basic
DEVELOPING SKILLS
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prerequisite for the further development of the motor system. Children trained well in coordination, later drop to learning new forms of movement easier and more quickly. Coordination skills are developed more intensively up to the beginning of puberty (11/12 years old). (Hahn: Kindertraining (Training Children), page 74).
Training tips
The children get to know about different pieces of equipment such as all kinds of balls (tennis balls, soccer balls, footballs, volleyballs, medicine balls, water polo balls etc). Little games are played which serve to improve the reaction senses, speed and balance. Using transparent situations and games, the children are familiarized with basic techniques. Movements, which are technical in form such as dribbling, passing the ball, throwing, catching and punching the ball out are exercised using little games. All the players do these exercises, including those specific to the goalkeeper. Besides using a soccer ball, a change is rung by using a broader palette of other types of sport such as games of running and romping around, working hand over hand along a suspended rope or piece of equipment and hopping and jumping games. Fitness has no role for children of this age group. Their fitness is improved already by all kinds of activities and movements they undertake playing. In this category, speed, flexibility, reaction and coordination are automatically exercised. The goalkeeper position is rotated through all the players in training and in games. Because children love to move about, training should be intensive and varied. In this age group, too much is never enough the children will take a break themselves when they need it. Because of the self-centeredness of children, above all up to the age of 7/8 years it makes sense to train in small, manageable groups. Goalkeepers need a wide angle of view and a large radius of action!
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THATS WHAT I WANT 4.2 GOALKEEPER TO BE! JUNIORS (AGED 10-14 YEARS)
Building on the varied training and coordination exercises in basics learned up until now, the improvement of game play and techniques takes priority. Exactly in this age group, the awareness of the psychomotor development principles, i.e., the biological development process, can be well recognized. Following primary stages, 10-14 year olds go through a further process of maturing. This phase is known as pre-pubescence or late school child age. In this phase, children grow at approximately the same rate both in height as well as breadth and also the childs organs match this rate of development. This results in the harmonic and flowing ability to move (c.f., W. Maier: Leistungsfussball (Performance in Soccer), page 17). Meinel & Schnabel (1978), in their book on movement, call this phase the best learning phase. Movement actions are very rapidly, often spontaneously learned. Children in this age group dont think long about things, they simply go ahead and try out the movement sequences demonstrated. They are then able to master them in a very short time (Bischops/Gerards: Handbuch fr Kinder- und Jugendfussball (Handbook on Childrens and Youths Soccer), page 48). On the basis of a varied schooling in coordination, the children learn new movement sequences after very few attempts. At the beginning of the age group and development phase, the question of who will be the goalkeeper soon crystallizes itself. In the 10-11 year old group, the young person is in the best learning phase for motor system actions. He learns spontaneously. Progress in the anticipation of his own team members and opposing team players movements, as well as those of the ball, put him, for the first time, well in the position of taking on the job of goalkeeper. The necessary rudimentary techniques, such as catching the ball, throwing, punching, diving for the ball, catching the ball in the air etc., are quickly learned. Now, the players wish to want to be goalkeeper begins to grow, so that he stands in goal enthusiastically with a firm belief in himself. On top of this he can now fulfill the specific tasks of the goalkeeper more reliably and more successfully. Requirements, such as controlling the penalty box area and moving out to meet an attacker at the right time, can now be judged better.
DEVELOPING SKILLS
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In the 10-11 year old age group, goalkeeper training begins seriously. Goalkeepers from this age on are regularly schooled in specific goalkeeping training. Field player training, however, must not be neglected.
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In the technical area, the skill elements have now to be internalized. The introduction of newer technical sequences is difficult and not particularly recommended, because the progress of learning can be sometimes very limited. The considerable differences experienced in growing up have to be compensated for by a different kind of exercise training.
The goalkeeper quick reaction on the line. But first, with the right ideas and safe hands!
DEVELOPING SKILLS
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Youths develop gradually into goalkeeper personalities. Besides the specific goalkeeper techniques regarding precision and increase in speed, tactical schooling becomes more the order of the day.
Training tips
The trainer shows the youths under him respect and accepts them as individual personalities. The pupils are gradually given more and more responsibility. Recognizing the cognitive development of the player, the trainer carries out discussions with the goalkeeper and clarifies the tactics to be used. Schooling of the goalkeeper techniques now takes on a detailed form. They are now firmed up and automated. At this time the psychological schooling is put into place. The trainer is advisor and assistant and gives support for the goalkeepers confidence. Schooling of the fitness components such as stamina, jumping ability, speed can be carried out in the form of special exercise training. The ability to cope with pressure in youths at the end of this period is only slightly less than in adults. The goalkeeper has arrived at the end of his time as a youth and has to now move up into the Seniors Class. Here, the trainer can also be of great assistance.
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Only in this way can the specific tasks (organization of the defense, playing together with the defense in game and standard situations, practicing back-passes, building up a fresh attack etc.,) be worked on and firmed up. On top of this, individual training can firm up the techniques and he can additionally be put under pressure specifically as a goalkeeper in team training (fitness training). The exercise program for the 14-18 year olds is also valid for the Seniors, perhaps increased in its quantitative and qualitative demands. Differences regarding speed in the game play and the energy put into the commitment, as well as the explosiveness of the technique, however, can be managed according to performance reached and level of player.
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The goalkeeper and his teammates are members of one team and follow the same, joint aim. By virtue of his position, however, the goalkeeper has tasks, which no other player on the field can fulfill. Above all, here it is all about the cooperation between field player and goalkeeper, which has to be worked on in training and firmed up. The diagram that follows clarifies the training elements that have to be inter-visible. It will be quite noticeable that, above all, the defensive players have to have a clear understanding with the goalkeeper. However, even for offensive play, the intervention of the goalkeeper sometimes leads to game deciding advantages.
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Defense
Individual training with defense players Practicing standard situations Individual training with attacking players Goalkeeper playing as sweeper
GOALIE
Goalkeeper is the first attacker Back-passing to the goalkeeper
Attack
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6 BUILDING UP A TRAINING
SESSION
By virtue of the rule concerning back-passes to the goalkeeper, in force for some years now, he requires to have also skills as a field player, which he should train for and improve. This new, requisite quality as both a defensive and an attacking player demand, of course, an accentuation in the training regime.
ORGANIZATION OF TRAINING
Individual Training Training of Game Situations in front of the goal With the whole team With/against parts of the team Defensive/offensive
With the reserve goalkeeper With the co-trainer With the trainer With/against an attacker With another team player
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Depending on the emphasis being set, the build-up of the training session will have to be varied. In the following, an attempt is made to construct a rudimentary sequence (guidelines) for the build-up of a training session with the goalkeeper. Starting with the general division into three of Start, exercise emphasis, conclusion, the following is a possible pattern.
Warm-up
Aims Improvement of the general preparedness of the organs for performance e.g., cardiovascular system. Stretching exercises. Emotional mood. Prevention against risk of injury.
Content
Warming up exercises (approx. 10-15 minutes) Gymnastics and individual running exercises with and without the ball, or with the reserve goalkeeper or trainer. Whole body exercises, sprints, arm exercises, jumps etc.
However, the goalkeeper can also take part in the team warm-up exercises.
Training emphasis
Aims Improvement of the coordination capability. Building and firming up the coordination movement pattern. Practice, improve and firm up specific goalkeeper techniques or the tactical plan. The training emphasis can be achieved individually or as a team. Content Emphasis on coordination and techniques (30-40 minutes). Reaction exercises, coordination content, schooling of skills and flexibility. Improvement of specific goalkeeper techniques such as diving for the ball, catching, punching etc., practicing goal shots.
This individual work can be done together with the trainer, co-trainer, and reserve goalkeeper or field player.
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Play conversion
Aims Using the content of the main emphasis. Practicing specific goalkeeper techniques and tactics in game situations. Content Competitive game training (20-40 minutes). Joint play and tactics with the whole team or parts of the team. Goal shot training, dribbling with a shot at goal, one-on-ones, organization of the defense, standard situations such as free kicks, corners, attack build-up, and goalkeeper playing as a field player etc.
This competitive play training can also be the main emphasis of the exercises and thus will take up considerable time in the training session (10-15 minutes).
Cooling down
After the exertions of the training session, a cooling down period should be made with loosening exercises. This can done at the same time as the trainer and individual players discuss things between each other (10-15 minutes).
Tips
If the guidelines of this plan are used, and where each of the training aims are adjusted to each section, the following should be noted: For the 5-10 year old group, no specific goalkeeper training is included. Each of them will be goalkeeper sometime. Instead, the main emphasis is on a varied, physical basic training. For the over 12/13 years old group, additional goalkeeper training can be included. For this, the training plan above can be useful. The goalkeeper, however, continues to train further with the whole team. As age increases, the specific goalkeeper techniques are practiced more intensively and the rudimentary skills are practiced, eventually in all their detail. As in any training session, goalkeeper training should start with a warming up session, which should be directed towards the main emphasis that will be laid down for the session. After the warm-up there is a period to exercise coordination, so that the physical and mental mood is brought to an optimum level for the main emphasis in training that follows. Coordination training, carried out when tired, is not effective.
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At the same time as carrying out the coordination training, the technical side can be thought about, because in many technical processes, good coordination is required. Coordination training can take place separately before the technique training part. This will make sense if other pieces of equipment are being used such as batons, hoops, obstacles etc. Competition exercises follow on from the coordination and technical training. This is where the goalkeeper gets an opportunity to use what he has learned from his technical training in game situations. Here it is all about cooperating together with his defensive players, the improvement of his own field playing ability as well as initiating attack play etc. In conclusion, it should be noted that competition games in training can be carried out directly following on from the warm-up session and coordination training.
EXERCISES
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This kind of occupation relies on a high degree of personal responsibility. Besides this he requires to be able to look at the effectiveness of the exercises he does, and understand their points and be convinced about the usefulness of the exercises. He must also exercise self-criticism, because in this form of training and preparation for a game there is only limited opportunity to carry out corrections at least only personal corrections. On top of this the whole team cannot be brought into this. Despite these limitations, occupying himself with these things can form a useful aspect in the training plan. In the following, we cover several suggestions for exercising on ones own.
KEEPING OCCUPIED
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Firming up offensive type play Dribbling the ball with the left or the right foot. Running forward and controlling the ball with the foot. Dribbling the ball, stopping, pulling the ball back with the foot and then dribbling off again in a changed direction. Dribbling the ball and changing speed and direction. Throwing the ball up in the air and taking it on the chest. Throwing the ball up in the air, checking it on the chest and letting it drop to the ground and taking it on with the foot.
47
Each player, including the goalkeeper, has a ball. All dribble along changing direction constantly. As they dribble the ball, they kick the ball up and catch it, or they play the ball up and deflect it away to the side with the hands, or the ball is picked up, headed and caught again. In groups of four, including the goalkeeper, the ball is passed between them. While, for field players the ball is passed low down, for the goalkeeper the pass is lifted up either high or to the side. The goalkeeper should catch the ball or deflect it away to a teammate. In groups of eight, including the goalkeeper, the ball is passed between them in any manner. However, the ball is passed to the goalkeeper so that he can collect it up. He then throws it out immediately to another teammate. In groups of five, including the goalkeeper, the ball is kicked between them on the volley. The goalkeeper catches the ball and volleys this out to a teammate. In groups of three, including the goalkeeper, the two teammates try to dribble round the goalkeeper. He tries to tackle the ball away from them with his foot.
48
GOALKEEPER TRAINING
Up to 10 year olds 10-12 year olds
Coordination
Catching, running, throwing, jumping, ball familiarization, games of skill, running games, climbing, gymnastics
Self-occupation with the ball, ball familiarization, exercises using both legs, reaction exercises, balance, ball techniques
Fitness
No fitness training, speed training is done in a playful manner, catching games, relay races
Speed training, competing against a partner, relay races, catching games, introduction of stretching exercises, getting used to warm-up drills
Techniques
Ball familiarization, self-occupation with the ball, no specific goalkeeping training yet, regularly takes part as a field player
Working on specific rudiments of goalkeeping, playing as a field player, saving shots form all distances
Tactics
From 9/10 years old begin learning basic tactics, learning to recognize space on the field
49
Goalkeeping coordination training combined with technical and basic game forms
Exerting goalkeeper exercises, jumping ability, speed and acceleration, exercises with a partner
Improve one-on-one skills, improvement of game ability in goal and on the field
Firming up and refining skills until internalized, development of own personal style
Technique and tactical exercises, games with uneven sides, positional play, discussions with the defense
Coordination with the defense players, tactics in the offensive, controlling the fullbacks firmly
51
TRAINING AIM
COORDINATION
In most books about soccer, there is a plethora of explanations and definitions about the term coordination. In general, it can be described as follows:
Coordination is the interaction of the central nervous system and muscles of the body in order to be able to carry out a sequence of movements
Coordination, in respect of the game of soccer, is the ability, together with the use of the ball, to execute soccer game activities and safely manage situations when threatened by one or more opposing players. Coordination thus determines to a greater degree the sporting technique. The more that the coordination ability is developed and mastered, the more a player can manage situations with the ball skillfully. The reverse is also true well executed techniques produce better coordination. This fact makes it clear how fundamental the value of coordination is for sports and in particular soccer. In coordination training, different forms of movement such as running, jumping, turning, falling etc., are combined together. Experts differentiate between simple and complex coordination. Different aims in coordination exercises are therefore set for certain age groups and development phases. Up to 10 years old Children are brought up to be as versatile as possible, where the play equipment ball (not exclusively a soccer ball) is the middle point. 10-14 year olds By virtue of being at a good learning age, here, soccer and also specific goalkeeper skills, as content of the session, come over well. 14-18 year olds and Seniors Coordination, to be managed as multiple coordination also in difficult conditions is now combined with fitness, where goalkeeping tasks, in the defense and on the attack, largely form the central point.
52
Exercise 1
In front of a small goal mouth, four tires are laid down offset to each other. The player (here also the goalkeeper is a player) bounces the ball from tire to tire and after the fourth one throws/shoots the ball at goal.
Exercise 2
Five tires are lined up behind each other on the ground pointing towards a small goal mouth guarded by a goalkeeper. The player bounces the ball from tire to tire then lets it fall to the ground and dribbles towards the goal and shoots. He then replaces the goalkeeper and takes on his job.
Exercise 3
At distances of between 12 meters and 20 meters, several poles are laid on the ground crosswise to the small goal. The player dribbles through the slalom formed and takes a shot at goal. If the goalkeeper manages to hold the ball or deflect it, he stays in goal if not his place is taken by the scorer.
53
Exercise 4
Using ropes, a narrow corridor (60 cms) is formed in front of the small goal. Each player has to dribble the ball quickly through the corridor and at the end take on the goalie (1:1) and try and shoot a goal. If the goalkeeper holds the ball he receives 2 points, if he deflects it he gets 1 point. If the shooter scores he gets 2 points. Each player has three goes.
Exercise 5
The ball is rolled. The ball is rolled between spread legs. The ball is rolled through a figure of eight around the spread legs. The player rolls the ball forward, sprints after it and dives on to it. The ball is rolled between spread legs. The player does a complete turn round and dives after the ball.
Exercise 6
The ball is bounced on the spot. The ball is alternately bounced up high and then low. The ball is alternately bounced using the stronger hand and then the weaker one. The ball is bounced round the body to the left or the right. While the player is bouncing the ball he lies down and then stands up again. The player hops on the spot, bounces the ball with one hand while tracing a circle with the other hand.
Exercise 7
The ball is bounced on the move. While bouncing the ball, the direction is constantly changed. The player changes speed constantly while bouncing the ball. Hopping along, the player bounces the ball, turns round with his body and hops on further. The ball is bounced as the player runs backwards.
54
Exercise 8
Exercising throwing and catching the ball. The ball is thrown up at different heights and caught again. The ball is thrown up and caught on the jump. Using the right or the left thigh the ball is played into the air and caught again. From behind the back, the ball is thrown up over the head with both hands and caught. The ball is thrown up high into the air again and the player touches the ground with one hand before he catches the ball. The ball is thrown over the head from one hand to the other. From behind the back the ball is thrown high into the air, and after a quick turn round of the body, caught again. The ball is thrown up into the air backwards through the spread legs and after turning the body halfway round, caught again. Lying on the stomach, the ball is thrown up into the air and caught again. The ball may not touch the ground. Lying on the back, the ball is thrown up into the air and caught again or using an overhead kick played over the head.
Exercise 9
Field play skills are important for the goalkeeper. The goalkeeper practices dribbling with both feet. He dribbles the ball round cones, tires or over lines etc. He kicks the ball ahead and sprints after it. He kicks the ball ahead, sprints after it and dives on it.
Note:
If these exercises are done in a hall or gymnasium, a mat should be laid down as an underlay for the diving and falling exercises.
55
10
TRAINING AIM
FITNESS
When one speaks of goalkeeper fitness, one thinks of flexibility, reaction, speed, jumping ability and general upper body strength. The goalkeeper, in his zone of activity, must be able to stand up to the opposition and win through.
PROGRAM 1
Aim: Improvement of jumping ability
Exercise 1
Hopping over several small obstacles, such as balls, cones and other objects, is done together with a dive for a ball that has been thrown in. Afterwards the goalkeeper returns to his starting position as quickly as possible to begin the next series.
Exercise 2
The player jumps over a number of obstacles, which are lying behind each other. At each obstacle a ball is thrown at him hard and he has to catch it.
Exercise 3
After doing a forward roll the goalkeeper jumps in the air and catches a high ball, which has been thrown to him. He throws this directly back to the person who sent it and the exercise begins again.
PROGRAM 2
Aim: Improvement of jumping ability with a partner
Exercise 1
Partner A sits on the ground with his arms stretched out sideways. Using his left leg or right leg, Partner B hops over the outstretched arm then hops over the outstretched legs and then over the other outstretched arm and continues round in a circle. From time to time, unexpectedly, Partner A sitting on the floor throws up a ball which B has to catch.
56
Exercise 2
Partner A kneels arched out like a bench with his hands on the floor. Partner B jumps over him and then crawls underneath and through the archway. Partner A occasionally throws up a ball, which B has to punch away.
Exercise 3
Both partners throw the ball at each other so that the receiver always has to jump for the ball.
Exercise 4
Both partners throw the ball at each other so that both the catcher and the thrower always have to jump for or with the ball.
PROGRAM 3
Aim: Improvement of speed and flexibility for basic goalkeeper drills in partner form
Exercise 1
The partners stand opposite and offset to each other 5-8 meters apart. Both have a ball, which they roll forwards with one hand. Just before they reach halfway, they change places and take on their partners ball in the same direction.
Exercise 2
The partners stand opposite and offset to each other 5-8 meters apart. Each rolls his ball towards the other. In the middle each dives after the partners ball.
Exercise 3
Using the starting position as above, the ball is played as a bouncing ball. Both players take on the partners ball before it touches the ground for the second time.
Exercise 4
Partner A and B stand 10 meters apart from each other. B does a forward roll, A throws his ball up vertically while B sprints for the ball, diving after it.
57
Exercise 5
A and B stand opposite each other 10 meters apart. A has two balls. The first ball he shoots in Bs direction. B deflects the ball away, does a forward roll and deflects the second ball away, which has been thrown up high by A by doing a stretched out dive to the side.
Exercise 6
In a boxed off area (penalty box) there are 3-6 balls. Both partners sprint from ball to ball and sit on each one. Whoever has sat on all the balls first, throws the last ball he sat on up in the air. This ball has to be caught by his partner before it strikes the ground.
PROGRAM 4
Aim: Strengthening exercises using the medicine ball with a partner Both partners stand opposite each other 5-8 meters apart. The medicine ball is thrown between them and caught. The ball is thrown to the partner using one or two hands. The medicine ball is thrown and caught as a goalkeeper would a ball. The ball is thrown like a throw-in is done. The ball is thrown with one hand like a throw out, but in a manner that the partner can easily catch it. The ball is thrown up high and caught on a jump. The thrower turns his back on his partner and throws the ball as accurately as possible at him. The ball is thrown back immediately after it is caught.
In conclusion, it should be noted that these exercises can be done by any age group. They must be adapted, however, to account for the intensity of the exertion regarding development age and the performance ability of the soccer player. Because fitness work is mostly very exerting, appropriate timeouts should be planned.
58
59
60
61
12
(AGED UP TO 10 YEARS)
Once again, here are some points for trainers, exercise leaders or sports instructors to remember when they are teaching the youngest soccer players: Training should basically be of a playful nature. Having fun moving about, with and without the ball, must form the central point. Every player should be put in as the goalkeeper now and again. The goalkeeping basic techniques such as catching, throwing, diving after the ball and practicing falling down should be done in the form of games. Coordination training forms a central point in the training. While warm-up training is not necessary for this age group, it would not be wrong to get them used to such exercises. Because there is no firm goalkeeper chosen from this age group, the following exercise suggestions can be used for getting in the mood or warm-ups.
62
Exercise 1
Game play
Two teams of four players are formed. In a playing area of 15m x 15m there are two goals 5m wide guarded each by a goalkeeper. Each time a player scores a goal, he may change places with the goalkeeper as a reward. Four players form a team and practice penalty kicks at a 5m wide goal mouth. One of them is in goal for each round.
UP
63
Exercise 2
Getting in the mood/Warming up
In a space 20m x 20m, all the players run around with a ball each. Each player demonstrates all the tricks that he can do with the ball. When bouncing the ball lightly, it can be turned in the hands. The players spread their fingers of each hand out with the thumbs touching. The fingers are then relaxed. As they trot along, the players bounce the ball and try to get into a rhythm. The children touch hands with only the little finger of their hands, which they spread out. Then the hands are shaken into a relaxed position. The ball is thrown up into the air high and caught again using both hands.
Game play
A little match is played with four players on each side. Each time a goal is scored, that team has to change over the goalkeeper so that each player gets a chance at being goalie. The goalkeepers have to concentrate on making sure they take the ball with their arms outstretched (Get the ball!). They then have to bring the ball with their hands onto their bodies (Its my ball!). When it is done correctly, the player is praised.
TO 10 YEARS
64
Exercise 3
Game play
Two play against two with a goalkeeper in goal. Each team scores a point for each goal. Each time the goalkeeper saves the ball he also gets a point. Who has scored the most points in 5 minutes? In the game 2:2 with a goalkeeper in the goal, the player who hasnt managed to score a goal after three shots has to go in goal.
UP T
65
Exercise 4
Getting in the mood/Warming up
All the players have a ball, which they dribble freely around the playing area. On a signal they stop the ball with the sole of the foot, sit down on it and then dribble it on further. The players dribble the ball describing a circle or a figure of eight. They do this with their stronger foot as well as their weaker foot. When dribbling along, the ball is stopped and then thrown up in the air and caught again using both hands. Standing still, the ball is thrown up high into the air. The player has to jump up once before he can catch the ball with a diving catch. A grass surface is required when doing this exercise.
Game play
Two teams of three players play against each other. There is no one person who is nominated as the goalkeeper. The goalkeeper is always the one nearest the goal when an attack is made by the other team. In a game of two teams with each three players, a goalkeeper is nominated. Each time a goal is scored he is replaced. The order of play is as per the players first name.
TO 10 YEARS
66
Exercise 5
Game play
On each of the four sides of an area 20m x 20m, goal mouths 2m wide are set up using cones. Play is with 5:5. Saves may only be made using the foot and not the hand. Using the same field setup, this time play is with two balls. When an attack is being made, each player can act as goalkeeper and use his hands when standing on the goal line.
UP T
67
Exercise 6
Getting in the mood/Warming up
A forest of cones is laid out in an area 15m x 15m. The players dribble the ball through the forest without touching a cone. If a player touches a cone he has to throw the ball up in the air three times and catch it with both hands. This time the players bounce the ball through the forest. If they lose the ball or touch a cone, the player has to roll the ball through his legs, turn round and dive after the rolling ball. The players roll the ball through the forest of cones. At each cone they have to go round it once, bouncing the ball with their hands.
Game play
A game of tag is played using the ball to hit the other players. Each player struck by the ball goes into the middle to join the King and has to stay there. The target area is the whole body. A tag which touches the ground before striking a player is also valid. Only players who manage to catch the ball can play on.
TO 10 YEARS
68
Exercise 7
Game play
Two teams play against each other each player has a number. When a player scores a goal, he and the player with the same number in the opposing team, replace the goalkeeper on their respective side. The same teams play against each other, but this time, goals scored are pointed with the number of the player who scored the goal. After each goal is scored, the scorer can chose who should go in goal.
UP T
69
Exercise 8
Getting in the mood/Warming up
In a marked-off area, the players dribble round with the ball at their feet. On a signal by the trainer, they push the ball forward a little and dive after it. They gather the ball up and pull it into their body for protection. The players throw the ball high up in the air, quickly do a forward roll and dive after the bouncing ball. Catch the donkeys tail: The players move around in a marked-off area with a ribbon or length of paper tucked into the band of the shorts. On a start signal each must try to grab as many donkeys tails as possible, without losing their own.
Game play
Tiger ball: Using a marked-off playing area 20m x 20m, all the players dribble the ball around. One player is the Tiger and tries to get the ball off another player as a goalkeeper would. After one minute the Tiger is replaced. Left-footed soccer this could be so for most of the players. Two teams play against each other, however the ball may only be played using the weaker foot. If, for example, a goal is scored using the stronger foot, this doesnt count.
TO 10 YEARS
70
Exercise 9
Game play
Two teams of four play against each other in a small playing area with a goalkeeper. If the goalkeeper can stop a shot at goal, he changes places with the shooter. The shooter goes into goal, while the last goalkeeper takes up a position as a field player in the other team. Two players play against a small goal mouth with a goalkeeper. Each time the duo score a goal they gain one point. Each save by the goalkeeper earns him one point. Who can reach 10 points first?
UP T
71
Exercise 10
Getting in the mood/Warming up
Each player has a ball, which they throw forward and sprint after until they catch up with it and stop it with the sole of the foot. The players lay the ball forward and try to overtake it. They place the ball on the head, let it drop down, turn themselves round and catch it. The players throw the ball high up in the air, run through underneath it and dive after the bouncing ball. The players throw up the ball a short way, head it and catch it again.
Game play
Play is with 3 against 2 plus a goalkeeper. While the team of three is always attacking, the defending goalkeeper and his two players are always defending. Each save done by the defending team earns them one point, but the attacking team gain two points for a goal. Play is 3 against 3 and each team has to nominate a goalkeeper. Goals scored by field players count as normal, while if a goalkeeper scores a goal, his team gets 3 points and the goalkeeper is replaced by a field player.
TO 10 YEARS
10-12
73
13
Once again, to begin with, for the trainer, exercise leaders and sports instructors here are a few reminders about what to think about for this golden age of learning phase. As before, schooling of the coordination is very much the central point of emphasis for training. Training includes, once again, numerous playful elements, which should mask out the monotonous character of the exercises. Gradually, a goalkeeper is emerging from the circle of players. Within the team, he shows a particular interest in this playing position. The goalkeeper now takes the path of going from the basic learning of technical skills such as throwing, catching, diving after the ball etc., through to the finer points. This process is, however, a slow one. The beginning of tactics training is started with tasks such as playing in different positions, mastering standard situations and the opportunities of building up the game play by the goalkeeper. Realization of the necessity of warming up sessions is brought home to the players along the principle of habit. As before, work on the playing field must be fun for the players, and this is the best kind of motivation.
In the following, there are five training exercise sessions for individual work as a goalkeeper, and five for training with the team or parts of the team.
YEARS
In the training sessions, which are constructed using the participation of the team, the aspect of getting in the mood/warming up is only coincidental, since in this phase, the goalkeeper can do the warm-up together with the whole team.
74
Training partner
Trainer/Co-trainer.
75
Three hoops are left lying on the ground. When running through the line of hoops, each time the right foot is put down it has to be inside a hoop. Nine hoops are laid out again. When running down the line of hoops, a ball is tossed from the right hand into the left hand and back again. The ball is bounced down the line of hoops. The ball should only be bounced once in each hoop. At the end of the line of hoops the goalkeeper bounces the ball forwards and dives after it. At the end of the line of hoops, which the players run through without the ball, the trainer throws a ball sideways into the running direction and the goalkeeper dives after it.
Game play
The ball is thrown by the trainer/co-trainer and caught by the goalkeeper, who throws it back straight away. How many passes like this can be done in 30 seconds? The trainer shoots at goal using a drop kick. How many of these can the goalkeeper save? The trainer throws awkward bouncing shots. How many of these can the goalkeeper save? In conclusion, the goalkeeper plays a game with the whole of the team or parts of it.
10-12 YEARS
76
Training partner
A second goalkeeper
77
Game play
The goalkeeper is standing in the goal mouth and carries out clearances by throwing the ball as far as possible to a partner up the playing field. The partner collects the ball with his foot, dribbles towards the goal and shoots a low shot at the right or left corner of the goal. After a while, they change over roles. The partner now throws the ball at the goal as for a throw in. The goalkeeper has to save such high balls. As before, they change over roles after a while. The partner runs with the ball at his feet towards the goal and tries to dribble round the goalkeeper. He tries to save the ball or take it away from the partner by falling sideways to get the ball.
10-12 YEARS
78
Training partner
Trainer/Co-trainer.
79
Game play
When the goalkeeper and the trainer are playing the ball to each other, it must be thrown on again from the spot where it was caught. The goalkeeper must always use a clearing throw and throw it exactly in the direction of the trainer. The same game can be played using the kick out, in which case the goalkeeper and the trainer must be further apart.
10-12 YEARS
80
Training partner
Trainer/Co-trainer.
81
Game play
The goalkeeper carries out a kick out from the spot. The trainer collects the ball up with his feet, dribbles a few meters and shoots in the direction of goal down one side. The goalkeeper has to carry out kick outs from the spot at different distances in such a manner that they land in a marked-off area 5m x 5m. The trainer and goalkeeper play low balls to each other. These should be reasonably accurately placed so that they land at the partners feet. As they play, each step that one of them has to take to reach the ball counts as a minus point. Who ends up with the least minus points?
10-12 YEARS
82
Training partner
Field player/striker.
83
Game play
In a 1:1 situation, the goalkeeper and the striker play kicking at two small goal mouths. Hands may not be used. In a 1:1 situation, the goalkeeper and the striker play against each other. While the goalkeeper defends a proper goal mouth and may use his hands, he has to score against two small goal mouths, which the striker, however, can only defend using his feet. Who wins? Playing against two small goal mouths, the striker and the goalkeeper play as both field player and goalkeeper. If the goalkeeper shoots a goal he gets 2 points, but the striker only gets one point. If the striker saves a goal he gets 2 points, however the goalkeeper gets only one point for a save.
10-12 YEARS
84
85
Game play
Play is carried out at a goal mouth defended by a goalkeeper. Five attackers play against three defenders (situations with outnumbered/superior numbers), so that many shots at goal are achieved. For this, the attackers have to use long shots. The goalkeeper throws saved shots back out to a player in the attacking team. As an addition to the above game, the defenders play at two goal mouths made from poles.
10-12 YEARS
86
87
2 1
Game play
Two teams play at two goals. Each time a goal is scored from a flanking shot, it earns two points. Each goal saved by the goalkeeper following a flanking shot earns the goalkeepers team two points.
10-12 YEARS
88
89
Game play
Two goal mouths are positioned about 40m apart. There is a goalkeeper in each goal. A pair of players is about 10m in front of the goal. A third player throws a high ball into the goalie, who has to punch it clear over the two players. Both players try to get possession of the ball and then 1:1 against the goalkeeper, score a goal.
10-12 YEARS
90
91
2 3 4
A pair of players starts out from the center line towards the goal, passing the ball between themselves. One player kicks the ball sideways to his teammate, who then flanks the ball back diagonally in, where it is either headed or kicked on the volley at goal.
Game play
In the center of the one half of the playing field, two goals are erected back to back, with a goalkeeper positioned in each goal mouth. Teams of 5:5 or 6:6 circulate round playing at the two goals. Each team can shoot at either goal. Start as in the game above, but this time each team has to shoot at his opposing goal. In the same game as above, this time both goals are guarded by only one goalkeeper. He has to keep changing his position.
10-12 YEARS
92
93
On the second run through of the same game, however, the person doing the flanking shot is additionally hindered by a defender. On the third run through of the same game, a defender hinders the person dribbling towards the goal. The attacker has to play round the defender, without giving him the opportunity to chase after him.
Game play
A tournament is played on a half-pitch with 3 and a goalkeeper against another 3 plus goalkeeper. Goals may only be scored by using low shots, while the goalkeeper is only allowed to defend with his feet. In a similar game on a half-pitch, the player at the rear becomes the goalkeeper. This means that goalkeepers get to play as field players.
10-12 YEARS
12-14
95
14
Once again, as a summary, here are a few reminders about what aspects to think about for this phase for Juniors aged 12-14 years. Basic techniques throwing, catching, diving after the ball etc., all which a goalkeeper has to master, have to be worked on and perfected further. Now, the goalkeepers actions, when building play up such as clearance kicks, goalkeepers kick out, clearing passes, have to be perfected. Similarly, the schooling of coordination always has its place firmly on the training program. In tactics training, the goalkeeper now also has to think about the organization of the defense. The inclusion of stretching exercises during warm-ups can be easily brought home to players in this age group. Similarly, power training now plays a role, but nevertheless by using games in a playful manner. It becomes clear to these youngsters growing up that, for the first time, a certain amount of responsibility for themselves and their performance is required, and this plays a big role in the whole teams game. Preparation for training and the game, but also for cooperation within the team, becomes increasingly stronger as an aspect of individual responsibility in the mind of the player.
YEARS
96
Training partner
Trainer/Co-trainer
97
He runs across the poles, lifting the ball in the air a little each time he goes over a pole. He runs round the course bouncing the ball with the hand. He runs across the poles throwing the ball up and catching it. At the end of the course, the trainer throws another ball towards him, which he has to jump up and hit with his ball. The goalkeeper runs through the slalom course and positions himself in the goal mouth, that has been erected at the end, ready to save a surprise shot delivered at him in goal by the trainer.
Game play
The trainer shoots 10 balls at goal. Beforehand, the trainer and the goalkeeper guess how many goals he will score and how many the goalkeeper will save. Whose guess was the most accurate? The trainer throws balls at the goalkeeper in all sorts of ways. The trainer throws bouncers at the goal. Each time he calls out to which side he is aiming. He is allowed to trick the goalkeeper.
12-14 YEARS
98
Training partner
Attacking field player.
2 3 1
99
The goalkeeper positions himself on the line in the goal mouth. The attacker shoots a placed ball at medium height, which the goalkeeper dives after. The striker may use feinting movements. With legs apart and with his back to the attacker, the goalkeeper stands in goal with the ball. He throws the ball through his legs to his partner, turns round quickly and dives after the shot coming in.
Game play
The goalkeeper and the attacker play against each other with two goal mouths, which are positioned about 25m apart. The striker dribbles towards the goal and tries to get round the goalkeeper in a 1:1 situation. He may only score a goal from a close in position. In turn, the goalkeeper can punt any balls he saves straight into the opposing goal. Which of them is the most successful? The attacker shoots place shots at goal from 15m. The goalkeeper may kick any ball he saves with a low, long flat kick into the opposite goal. The attacker has to try to score a goal after dribbling and shooting from a distance. However, if the goalkeeper saves the ball, he may dribble it forward to score in the opposite goal. The attacker can try to save the goal, but without using his hands.
12-14 YEARS
100
Training partner
A second goalkeeper/Co-trainer
1 2
101
The goalkeeper kneels down on the goal line. His partner, with two balls, throws a high ball so that he has to stand up quickly to save the ball. The second ball then comes in straight away as a low ball so that he has to save it by doing a dive.
Game play
In a game 1:1 against two small goal mouths, both goalkeepers play as field players. Two goal mouths are positioned 8-10m apart opposite each other. Both goalkeepers throw the ball at the others goal. As before, but now the goal mouths are 10m apart. This time, placed kicks are shot at goal. Goalkeeper A throws his ball at his opponent, who tries to volley it into his opposing goal and score.
12-14 YEARS
102
Training partner
Trainer/Co-trainer
103
The goalkeeper runs forward zigzagging through a line of poles. He has to touch each pole with his hands and get himself quickly into position in goal before the trainer shoots at goal.
Game play
Play is in a game 5:5 against two small goal mouths without goalkeepers. The goalkeepers play as field players. In a game between two teams of six players, the goalkeeper has to execute two very different tasks. He has to function as the goalkeeper for his team, but at the same time he is the only player on his team who may score a goal. Therefore, all the field players have to attack in a way so that the goalkeeper can score.
12-14 YEARS
104
Training partner
Attacking field players
105
3 4 4 2 1 2
3 1
The attacker, standing at the edge of the 16m zone, has two balls. He kicks the first ball at the goalkeeper, who returns it so that a shot at goal comes in, and which the goalkeeper also has to save. Straight after this the attacker dribbles the second ball towards the goal and tries to play round the goalkeeper.
Game play
A game is played with 3 against 3, small goal mouths and without goalkeepers, who also play as field players. However, a goal can only be scored when each of the three on the team has touched the ball. A game is played with 4 against 4, small goal mouths and no goalkeepers. A player can only score a goal for his team if he has not yet been successful. Which team is the first, where all four players have scored a goal?
12-14 YEARS
106
107
2 3
A 2 B 1
Partner A is standing on the center line with B around the edge of the 16m zone. The goalkeeper throws the ball out to A, who runs towards goal and passes it to B. He returns it on the volley to A who then engages the goalkeeper in a 1:1 situation.
Game play
A goalkeeper and five play against five, also with a goalkeeper. When his own team is in possession of the ball, the goalkeeper plays as an additional field player. Any goals he scores count as three points. While Team A can only score goals with low shots, Team B must score with medium height and high balls. In the second half, this form is reversed.
12-14 YEARS
108
109
Game play
Two teams play with two goal mouths, each with a goalkeeper. This time all the attacking play has to come in down the wing and end up with a flanking cross in front of goal. Goals only count when they follow a flanking cross. Two teams of the same strength play against each other with two goal mouths. Standard situations (corners, free kicks) play a special role in this exercise. Goals scored by attackers this way count double, irrespective of whether they are directly scored or come after combined play. Each goal saved by the defending team, however, also counts as double points.
12-14 YEARS
110
111
This time, each player is told beforehand where he has to place his shot (upper right, medium height left etc.). In this way, the goalkeeper always has to orient himself quickly and frequently. The players lay their balls down along the 16m line. The trainer now calls out the name of the player, who then shoots at goal from this placed shot in different ways. Who manages to score the best goal?
Game play
In conclusion of the session, a little tournament is played 3:3. The goal mouth should be a medium width (5m wide). In the first game, the goalkeeper plays as a field player. In the second game, only the goalkeepers may score, but may not intervene to save others. In the third game, the goalkeepers may only guard their own goal, and are not allowed to leave it to take part in the attack.
Question:
Which form of game was the greatest fun and which game takes the most fitness to do?
12-14 YEARS
112
113
The flanking shots should be kicked in as hard and as low as possible from near to the sideline. They may also be kicked in behind the backs of the defenders. The attackers have to move about so that they are always possibly in unmarked positions.
Game play
The game is for 5 against 5 against two goals each with a goalkeeper. While the team in possession of the ball may use all of its players, the team that doesnt have the ball has to drop out two players, but these can take part again once their team regains possession of the ball. This way, the goalkeeper is kept very busy saving goals. In the game above, if a goal is scored from a high flanking shot, it counts double points. If a goal is scored directly following a low flanking shot, then it counts even more three times the points.
12-14 YEARS
114
115
C A D E B G D C A B E F
Game play
With teams of 4:4, with two goals, a game of handball is played. However a goal can only be scored by heading after receiving it as a pass by another player. This means that the throw pass has to be done accurately. If the ref whistles a foul, the free kick, permissible only in the form of header, is taken from in front of the goal. In a soccer game with teams of four, this time the goalkeeper has to initiate rapid attacks. When he catches the ball, he has to throw it or kick it clear directly to the forward striker on his own team, so that he can try to score a goal on his own. In this game it is not the number of goals scored that count, but the number of goal chances coordinated.
12-14 YEARS
14-18
117
15
Once again, as a summary, here are a few reminders about what aspects to think about for this phase for Juniors aged 14-18 years. Basic goalkeeping techniques, learned so far in rough form, now have to be perfected and made automatic. The goalkeepers playing ability must now be improved, especially regarding the improvement of his offensive play, so that he can use the ball as well as a field player. Once again, the coordination side of the development of a goalkeeper plays an important role. The goalkeeper now has to continue to increase his ability to organize the defenders in front of him and to be able to direct them what to do. His ability to control the penalty area will increase as he becomes challenged more and more. Power training, above all his jumping ability and speed, will improve his physical condition. In order to minimize the danger of injuries and so that the highest degree of preparedness is reached at the beginning of the game, stretching exercises must become an essential part of the warm-up. Development of the personality plays an important role, especially for goalkeepers. By being made responsible and accepting more responsibility, clear progress can be made in the development of this sphere.
YEARS
118
Training partner
A second goalkeeper.
119
Game play
Two goal mouths are erected about 15m opposite each other and a goalkeeper is standing in each. Each goalkeeper now has to score as many goals as possible against his opponent. Each time he has to change the type of scoring the goal for example, goals can be scored by: Winning a 1:1 situation. Volleying in a goalkeepers clearing throw. Using a drop kick. Using a spot kick.
14-18 YEARS
120
Training partner
A second goalkeeper.
121
Game play
Play is done on one half of the pitch. A goal mouth is erected on each of the side ends of the pitch and the goalkeepers are positioned in these facing each other. The one goalkeeper dribbles the ball from his goal to the other and tries to score a goal against his opponent. If his colleague touches the ball with any part of his body, the attack is counted as over and the other goalie starts to do a dribbling attack. Each goalkeeper chooses five spots on the pitch, from where he believes he can score a goal. The spots have to be at least 12m from the goal. Whenever one goalkeeper is able to tackle the ball away from his partner, in turn, he can try to score a goal from a long shot.
14-18 YEARS
122
Training partner
A second goalkeeper.
123
Game play
The goalkeepers play a game with the whole team. In the game, goals can only be scored from standard situations. This means using free kicks, corners and penalty shots. The trainer, acting as referee, has to be a bit generous in how the situations occur. The main task of the goalkeeper is to position his defenders in each situation, placing a suitable wall if needed. The task, for the team in possession of the ball, is to always try out using new variations (direct shots over the wall at goal, passing the ball to a teammate etc.). The attackers have to learn how best to disrupt the defense.
14-18 YEARS
124
Training partner
Attacking players/offensive field players.
125
goalkeeper. Then the striker starts his lone run towards goal. Here he has to outplay the goalkeeper and shoot into an empty goal, thus gaining a point. If the goalkeeper manages to touch the ball, he gains one point.
Game play
Play is 5:5 with a goalkeeper on each team in a shortened pitch. Goals may only be scored from individual lone attacks, thus these have to be started as fast as possible by their own goalkeeper using accurate throw outs or kick outs to create a surprise move. If the attacker can also outplay the goalkeeper and score, then he gets double points. Equal teams play against each other, but using particular rules. Each goal scored earns one point. A goal scored after an individual lone run earns two points. If the attacker manages to kick the ball through the goalkeepers legs and score, this earns three points.
14-18 YEARS
126
Training partner
Trainer/Co-trainer
127
The goalkeeper is holding the ball firmly in both hands, does a forward roll, throws the ball forwards a little and tries to gather it up by diving after it. The goalkeeper squeezes the ball firmly between his feet, jumps up and whips the ball up and tries to catch it with both hands. The trainer is continually throwing high balls at the goalkeeper, which he has to catch at their highest point in the air and pass back to the trainer. The trainer bounces the ball hard onto the ground and the goalkeeper has to catch it. The trainer then squats on the ground and the goalkeeper has to jump over him. Finally, the trainer extends Note: one of his arms out sideways and the goalkeeper has to do a jumping forward roll over it. The trainer changes the During all the jumping various exercises round and invents a few more. exercises attention must be paid that the goalkeeper is not overstrained. Dont forget to incorporate Game play working time-outs After an intensive session of jumping training, it is quite (loosening exercises, sensible to get the goalkeeper to play as a field player and trotting)! devote his time to improving his playing qualities. A tournament is played with teams of 3:3. Each team plays against all the others for 5-7 minutes.
14-18 YEARS
128
129
2 1 3 4 A B
A 1
3 4
Goalkeeper A throws the ball to a wing player, who runs with it towards Goal B down the flank. As he reaches the level of the goal, he crosses the ball from the flank in to the front of the goal. A teammate is standing there and has to score a goal from the flanking shot, which, of course, the goalkeeper has to save. Once again the ball is dribbled down the wing towards the opponents goal. A teammate is running down the middle of the field parallel to him, and tries to score a goal. However, this time not only the goalkeeper will try to stop the goal, a defender is also there to support him.
Game play
The players divide themselves up into two teams (e.g., defensive players together and offensive players together) and play on the full pitch. Each team needs to have a goalkeeper. The aim, of course, is to score goals! However, the rules are different. If the defenders score a goal, they earn two points. If the offensive players manage to stop a goal, they also get two points. Two teams, each with a goalkeeper, play against each other. However, because the aim is to score goals using long shots, the rules are as follows: A goal scored from up to 10m out earns one point. Scored from up to 20m out, the goal earns two points, with three points earned for goals scored from longer distances.
14-18 YEARS
130
131
play, he has to tip it up high and not at medium height. To make it more difficult for the goalkeeper, an attacker can be brought in, who tries to challenge the goalie in his attempts.
Game play
On one half of the pitch, 5 play against 5 with two goal mouths and two goalkeepers. On each side of the pitch there is 5m-wide out of bounds zone, which can only be used by one wing player of each team at any one time. The player may not be tackled in this zone, therefore, he is able to place his flanking shot directly at the goal.
Out of bounds Tabuzone
The goalkeeper has two possibilities for his action against a flanking shot, or against the follow up shot or header at goal. If he is able to catch the ball, he earns two points. If he saves a goal (by deflecting), he gets one point. On the other hand, when the attackers score, they only get one point. In a game 5:5, any foul (or when balls go out) is followed by a corner kick. If the goalkeeper catches the ball, he gets three points. If he deflects the ball to the side or over the bar, he gets two points. If he punches it away, he gets one point. Any goal scored earns only one point.
14-18 YEARS
132
133
The stations for practicing techniques are as follows: Station 1: Dribbling the ball down a slalom course. Station 2: Sprinting after a steep pass. Station 3: Keeping the ball up in the air. Station 4: Dribbling and changing direction frequently. Station 5: Shots at a 1m-wide goal mouth from a distance of 12-15m.
1 2 3 4
5
Game play
Teams of seven plus a goalkeeper play against each other. Each team has four attackers and three defenders, and they may only carry out their main positional tasks in their area (i.e., attackers may only attack and defenders, defend). At the same time, the attackers are always in a majority situation. They have to use passes between themselves until they have outplayed all their opponents, and end up where a single attacker can move towards the goal on his own. Only goals scored in this manner count, once the player can cross the goal line together with the ball. Two teams of four play against a goalkeeper in one goal. Each time a player enters the penalty area he has to shoot at goal immediately. This way the goalkeeper will be faced with lots of goal shots.
14-18 YEARS
134
135
goal. At the same time, Team B has to watch out that Team A, when in possession of the ball, is not able to start a rapid counter-attack towards the two smaller flag goals. The following tasks can be done: The ball is exclusively kicked low and flat. The ball is passed on as straight away as possible. The ball may only be passed on after an opponent has been out-played following a dribbling movement.
Game play
Play is against two small goals without goalkeepers. They play as field players instead. Only goals scored by the goalkeeper count. The goalkeeper is used as a defender. Differently to the other field players, the goalkeeper may bounce the ball along. The opponents have to try and get the ball off him by using their feet, body or head. Although he belongs to one of the sides, if the goalkeeper gains possession of the ball, he may change sides. His teammates have to pay particular attention to when he might use this choice, and immediately switch on to this new situation.
14-18 YEARS
136
137
Game play
Play is done on the whole pitch. Each team, in its own half, is permitted to field only half its players plus 1. For example, if a team consists of 10 or 11 players, in the attack or in the defense, they may only field a maximum of six players. This ruling guarantees that each attack has more room to develop, and intensively challenges the defenders more. The game is played over the whole pitch. This time dribbling is allowed. The ball has to be passed on after it has been touched three times. The ball has to be passed on in a different way than received. For example, if a player receives a high ball, he must pass it on low or at medium height.
14-18 YEARS
SEN
139
NIORS
140
Training partner
Attacker also Trainer/Co-trainer
141
The ball is place kicked at goal from the corner of the 16m area. The ball is place kicked at goal from various points around the 5m area. Above all, kicks from the sides of this area should be concentrated on. The ball is dribbled towards the goal and, at about 12m out from the goal, a shot is made. The attacker tries to dribble round the goalkeeper. This exercise is done both directly at the goalie as well as from the side. In a final game 1:1, using two small goal mouths, each goal scored by the goalie counts as double.
Game play
Two groups of four play against each other with goalkeepers. The goalkeeper kicks the ball well up the field where the players challenge each other for the ball. The team in possession of the ball has to score a goal within 20 seconds of an attack started by their goalie (with the clearing kick). If this isnt managed the ball is returned to the goalkeeper and the opponents earn a point. Two groups of four play against each other at one goal mouth. But this time, there are two balls on the field. The players and the goalkeeper now have to concentrate on two games, as a goal can be scored with either ball.
SENIORS
142
Training partner
Trainer/Co-trainer
143
Running jumps through the tires. Sprinting in a slalom round through the line of tires. Placing a foot into a tire and jumping out of it again with increasing speed. Doing a squat in each tire and then diving after a ball thrown at them by the trainer.
Game play
The goalkeeper sprints down through the line of tires, then does a slalom round through the second group of tires and sprints into goal. Once he is there, the trainer shoots at goal. The goalkeeper does a sprint and a slalom through the tires again, but this time carrying a ball, which he shoots at goal after he has done the slalom. He carries on to get back in goal, because the trainer is standing behind the goal, at which he shoots a ball.
SENIORS
144
Training partner
Trainer/Co-trainer.
145
Again, the goalkeeper sprints round all the balls and hops over each ball five times. After each hop, he does a M M forward roll before he runs on to the M next ball. M M He sprints to each ball. Lying on the M back, the ball is kicked up and before M he catches the ball, he has to stand up M quickly first. After sprinting to the ball, the goalkeeper lies down on his stomach and throws the ball at the next neighboring ball, stands up again and sprints to that ball where he carries out the same exercise again.
Game play
With small teams such as 3:3 or 4:4, a game of Pushball is played in a specific area (the penalty area) where a medicine ball has to be pushed over a particular line. The goalkeeper plays as a field player. A game of Roll-ball is played between two teams of four where the ball has to be rolled along the ground using the hand. Also here, the ball has to be rolled over a particular line.
Note:
After each exercise, it is a good idea to take an active, recovery time-out where the goalkeeper does an exercise of balancing the ball.
SENIORS
146
Training partner
A second goalkeeper.
147
A slalom is done down the line of poles. After sprinting to get in the goal mouth, a low shot is sent in at him by the other goalkeeper. The goalkeeper runs down the line of poles and first of all the other one throws a ball at him, followed up immediately by a further kick at goal. He runs down the line of poles again. After the last pole, a forward roll is done and a high ball is shot in at goal. The distance between the poles is increased so that the goalkeeper has to take two steps between each pole. As before, a ball is thrown or kicked at goal. The goalkeeper runs round the end of each pole and gets into the goal mouth to save a throw or a shot at goal by his colleague. This time, however, he can use a feinting movement.
Game play
Two teams of three play against each other with two small goal mouths and no goalkeepers. They play as field players. Each player is nominated an opponent to mark whenever the other team is in possession of the ball. When his own team has the ball, he has to keep himself unmarked so he can receive a pass. In a game of slow motion soccer 3:3 against small goal mouths, all movements are done slowly. When the trainer gives a signal, normal play is resumed. When the trainer gives another signal, they go back to slow motion movements.
SENIORS
148
Training partner
Attacker/Offensive field player.
149
one after the other, at goal. The goalkeeper tries to save or deflect as many balls as he can. Ten balls are positioned to one side of 4 the goal. The goalkeeper passes them, 2 one by one, to the attacker. After each pass out, the goalkeeper has to get 3 back quickly into goal to stop that ball being kicked in directly by the attacker 1 again. The attacker lines up ten balls in front of the goal about 12m away from it. He kicks these as fast as possible at goal and in doing so takes no notice of where the goalkeeper is. He only wins when he has managed to score at least six goals. The attacker deliberately tries to hit the crossbar or goal post. Because such balls are difficult to judge, the goalkeeper must keep his wits about him.
Game play
Two equal strength teams play with normal rules at a goal. However, three tires are hanging up in the goal mouth (in the middle and one at each side). If a goal is scored, and it goes through one of the tires, the goal is counted as double. Of course, in front of the tires is the goalkeeper who tries to stop the attacker and save goals using any means. The three tires can also be hung at different heights and in the event of a goal being scored, count differently.
SENIORS
150
151
long shot so that the goalkeeper is heavily loaded, demanding a lot of concentration from him. Two players, each with their own ball, dribble towards goal at the same time and shoot at goal at the same moment. The goalkeeper has to decide which ball he can best defend the goal against. Once again, two players, each with their own ball, dribble at the same time towards the goal. One player comes in from the right and the other from the left. When they reach the goalkeeper, however, they have to outplay him. But the second player only gets a chance to outnumber him if the first is successful. Four players run at goal from different directions, at intervals of four seconds. They try to beat the goalkeeper by delivering long shots at goal. Because of the short interval in time, the goalkeeper has continually to react quickly.
Game play
A game is played in three zones. The pitch is divided up into three. A goalkeeper is placed in each goal mouth. In each third, there are 4 attackers and two defenders. In the middle third, they play 5:5. Players may not leave their third of the pitch. On the boundary of the third, the ball has to be passed to another member of the same team. The attackers are in the majority and therefore can shoot at goal more often. The defenders are outnumbered and therefore their fitness comes into play. The midfield is very busy with players. Because of this, a lot of tackles and challenging for possession of the ball takes place.
SENIORS
152
153
Under the same game conditions, the goalkeeper may only save the ball with his feet and his body. The use of the hands is strictly forbidden. In a game with 5:5 against two small goal mouths and goalkeepers, they may do saves as normal this time. Additionally, the goalie may act as the only field player who may catch a high ball with the hands and score a goal by throwing it in.
Game play
Play is against a goal guarded by a goalkeeper. On the pitch there are six attackers playing against four defenders. While the outnumbered team has only to keep the ball in possession as long as possible, the team with the majority has to score goals. Each time the team of six fails to score a goal from a shot, a point is awarded to the team of four. In a similar game situation, each member of the team of six may only touch the ball twice in quick succession. Same game but this time the goalkeeper can be included in the passing and holding of the ball by the team of four.
SENIORS
154
155
One after the other, all the players run towards Goal A and pass the ball back to the goalkeeper. They then run into a free area where they receive the ball back from the goalkeeper, dribble towards Goal B and finish up with a long shot at goal. During the whole exercise, a defending opponent tries to disturb play, but only with 50% effort. One after the other, the players run towards Goal A and make a back-pass, which the goalkeeper has difficulty to get at. They then run into the free area and receive the ball back from the goalkeeper, dribble on towards Goal B and try to outplay the goalkeeper there.
Game play
A game is played with four attackers against three defenders and a normal goal mouth with a goalkeeper. The defenders try to keep hold of the ball for as long as possible by giving the goalkeeper back-passes. The attackers have to try to stop these passing movements and apply pressure on the defenders and the goalkeeper. In a game with 6:6 and a goalkeeper in each team on half of the pitch, an attack against the opponents can only be started after their own goalkeeper has received at least three back-passes. The opposing team can begin to try to tackle and disturb play while the back-passes are being made.
SENIORS
156
157
possession of the ball, they can immediately start a counterattack against either of the small goal mouths. The goalkeeper as well as a defender may do this together. To make the overview of the game more difficult for everyone, and to make players react to the situation, a flanking shot can be sent in from both the right and left wings. To make the accuracy of the flanking shots more difficult, a defender is positioned to disturb the delivery, but only half-heartedly.
Game play
A penalty shoot-out game is played at the same time as a normal game. Teams of 6:6 play on one half of the pitch, however, against small goal mouths without goalkeepers. The goalkeeper is in the other half of the pitch and waits there to carry out the penalty shoot-out. Kickers for this are those who have scored a goal already in the other game. He can choose a player from the other team against whom he will carry out the duel of the shoot-out. Which team wins the normal game and which team wins the shoot-out? In a game over the whole pitch with goalkeepers, the normal rules are used. However, for every free kick, the opponents may not build a wall. The free kick taker has, therefore, a completely free field of view to do his shot in, because the other players have to leave the path free. He has to kick the ball directly at goal.
SENIORS
158
4 6
5 3 2 2
3 4
159
sprints round the flagpole again. Then Players 4 and 5 send in two long shots at goal. After this intensive work by the goalkeeper, he needs active recovery periods. This can be done by changing over goalkeepers or by taking time-out, during which the field players do an intensive work out with games on the move. The player positions should also be changed over often.
Game play
With the motto Always on the move, the players must keep moving in the games which follow. The amount of strain, however, varies differently. It can range from a slow trot to a sprint. Play is against a small goal mouth without a goalkeeper, who plays with the remainder. The one team consists of three players and the other team, three plus a supplementary player. After each goal is scored, irrespective of which team scores, the supplementary player changes sides. In a game 5:3, both the goal mouths are of a different size. The goal mouth of the team of 5 is 5m-wide and there is no goalkeeper, i.e., the players defend it with their feet or bodies. The goal mouth for the team of 3 is only 1m-wide.
SENIORS
161
2. The players run around in the 16m area and kick the ball at each other to tag them. The player, who has the ball, cannot be tagged. The players have to try to make tagging difficult by using clever passes. The same game can be played with the ball being thrown. Using the form as in Paragraph 2. above, a goalkeeper is now introduced into the game and he has to try and get the ball by catching it or diving after it. 3. All the players have a ball and juggle and dribble around with it. The goalkeeper trots around among them. When called out, the player called passes his ball to the goalkeeper who gathers it up and rolls it back again to the player while he is on the move.
162
The goalkeeper takes the ball on with his foot and plays it also with the foot back to player who passed it to him. The goalkeeper is passed the ball in a way that he has to jump up high to catch it. The ball is headed at the goalkeeper in a way that he has to take one or two quick strides if he is to catch the ball. 4. 10 balls are lined up on the 5m line, next to one another. The goalkeeper is standing on the goal line with his partner on the edge of the penalty box. The goalkeeper runs to the first ball and passes it to the partner and immediately rushes back onto his goal line. The partner tries to lob the ball over the goalkeepers head as he rushes back. The same exercise is carried out with the remainder of the balls. The exercise can be made more difficult by lining up the balls 6m or even 7m in front of the goal thus increasing the gap for the goalkeeper. 5. In a game with six attackers against four defenders plus a goalkeeper, the attacking team plays against a proper goal mouth while the defending team plays against two mini goal mouths not protected by goalkeepers, but by field players who may not use their hands. For the defensive team, however, each attack must begin by the goalkeeper playing the ball. Therefore if the defenders team manage to get the ball, first of all they have to back-pass it to the goalkeeper so that he can start the attack. 6. In a marked-off area, all the players move about playing two balls. Both goalkeepers try to break up the play and get hold of the ball. If this is achieved the ball is thrown back into play. If a goalkeeper manages to gain hold of the ball, a change of roles takes place. The goalkeeper swaps over to become a field player and the person who passed the ball vice versa. The goalkeepers play a competition against each other. Which goalkeeper can get hold of the most balls in a certain time (say 2 minutes)? 7. In a marked-off area, play is with 4:4 plus two neutral players against two goals with goalkeepers. The neutral players always play with the side in possession of the ball and serve to strengthen the attack. By using this majority, more goal mouth action is achieved and the goalkeepers are kept busier.
163
Defensive qualities
The goalkeeper (GK) has to save five shots at goal from the edge of the penalty box. The GK has to take the ball off an attacker running at him in a one-onone situation. The GK has to catch five flanking in-swingers from an opposing player. The GK punches away five corner kicks or deflects them over the dead ball goal line. The GK sets up a defensive wall for each of five shots and saves the goal.
Legend
Legend for the Exercise Games 1 T 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 M Trainer Player Player Player Ball Flag, goalmarker Dribbling Shooting Juggling the ball Running (without the ball) Tires Marker cones/poles Medicine ball
165
Bischops/Gerards
Junior Soccer
A Manual for Coaches In this book soccer coaches and teachers will find around 100 complete training units for youth-work in clubs. Each unit contains a warm-up section, a section on the main emphasis in the training unit and a specific "winding-down section with a game. 2nd Edition 168 pages 30 photos, 67 figures Paperback, 5 3/4 x 8 1/4 ISBN 1-84126-000-2 12.95 UK/$ 17.95 US $ 25.95 CDN/ e 16.90
Bischops/Gerads
AnzGoalkeeper 10/05
160 pages, Two-color print 20 photos, 70 figures, 2 tables Paperback, 5 3/4 x 8 1/4 ISBN 1-84126-097-5 12.95 UK/$ 17.95 US $ 25.95 CDN/E 16.90
Bischops/Gerards
Jozef Sneyers
AnzGoalkeeper 10/05
THE BOOK
In the last few years, there is no other position on the soccer field that has seen so many deep-rooted changes as seen in goalkeeping. Good reflexes on the goal line and superb control of the penalty zone by the goalkeeper used to be the main characteristics of this position. Nowadays, however, additional skills are demanded because, in the new role of the goalkeeper, he must have good ball skills and he must be in a position to be able to 'read' the game and put structure into the play from the rear. This new function of the goalkeeper requires a further development of the training emphasis. In 50 training lessons, coordination exercises, fitness and preparation tips for the game for all age groups, trainers and exercise leaders as well as the goalkeeper are shown the possibilities of being able to improve the performance capabilities of the Number 1. Modern training methods ensure the best chance of success on the route to being an 'all-rounder'.
THE AUTHORS
Dr. Klaus Bischops, Aachen, Germany, a graduate teacher, has been an active soccer player and trainer of a number of soccer teams in the collegiate system as well as in clubs. His numerous publications document his competence as an expert. Heinz-Willi Gerards, Aachen, Germany, a graduate physical education teacher, played soccer actively himself and, being holder of a German B and A license for soccer training, is extremely competent. He has experience of training both in Junior as well as Senior soccer and advises on courses for soccer instructors. Jrgen Wallraff, Aachen, Germany, has had years of experience as a goalkeeper in the German national league. He holds a German Soccer Union B and A Trainer's license and has been engaged for years as a youth trainer and deputy youth leader for top performance players in a prominent club.
ISBN-13: 978-1-84126-186-7 ISBN-10: 1-84126-186-6
www.m-m-sports.com