Sremski Karlovci

Archives in Sremski Karlovci
Following the debacle of the Turkish forces at Vienna in 1683, the army of the West-European Alliance (Austria, Poland and Venetia) continued to drive the Turks out of the Balkan region of Podunavlje. During the Turkish counterattack of 1689/1690, it was driven back to the north on main direction Skopje-Belgrade, across the Sava and the Danube. Around 37000 Serbian families crossed the rivers with the allied forces. Those were the families which took part in the war on the side of Austria, either by staging an The seal of the Grammar armed uprising or in some other manner. Austrian School in Karlovci authorities regrouped them on the Croatia-SlavonijaHungary-Erdelj stretch. Serbs received privileges from the Roman-German Emperor Leopold I, which guaranteed them national and religious singularity and certain rights and freedoms in the Habsburg Monarchy. The key person in these processes was the Patriarch of Pec, Arsenije III Carnojevic. The same Emperor approved of him as of the head of the newly established Orthodox Church in the Monarchy in 1695. Carnojevic had the title of the Patriarch, which was not to be handed down by succession to his successors, the Metropolitans, until this right was secured on the May Assembly of Serbian people in Karlovci in 1848.
Emperor Leopold I approves of Arsenije III Carnojevic as of the Serbian Archbishop and of the seven bishops, whom he appointed in certain eparchies
In this little town in Srem on the river Danube, more known for the peace treaty signed there among the West-European Allies and Turkey in 1699, with many monasteries on Fruska Gora in the hinterland, the seat of the Serbian Orthodox Church was established in 1713. It got its most famous name by the name of the town the Metropolitanate of Karlovci. Serbs, Romanians, Tzintzars and other Orthodox subjects of the Habsburg Monarchy were under its spiritual leadership. After withdrawing of Romanians from the Metropolitanate of Karlovci in 1864, freeing of the Balkan people from the Turkish government and the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in 1918, a new political and clerical organization was carried out in the newly independent countries. The Metropolinate of Karlovci merged with the autocephalous Serbian Orthodox Church in 1920 and it was transformed into the Patriarchate of Karlovci, with its seat in Belgrade. It made significant to the community, one of which was the Metropiltanate and the Patriarchate Archives in Sremski Karlovci.
(Pec), December 21, 1713. Sindjelija (order) of appointment of Mojsije Stanojevic for Bishop of Vrsac, issued by the Patriarch of Pec Mojsije Rajovic (detail)
The creation of the Archives is related to the Great Migration of the Serbs of 1690. That is when a part of the Serbian hierarchy and people brought some books, sacral inventory, Charters of the Serbian medieval rulers, sindjelijas (orders), berats (Sultans Charters) and other documents from the Balkan part of the Ottoman Empire to the Habsburg Monarchy. This documentation core was further extended by the correspondence that Patriarch Arsenije III and his successors had with secular, ecclesiastic and military institutions and individuals in the Habsburg Monarchy, Serbia, Russia and other countries, as representatives of state, church and school autonomy, or as private individuals. During the Second World War, the Archives were closed by German and Ustasha authorities and partly damaged. At the request of the Serbian Academy of
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Sciences, Holy Sinod of Bishops of the Serbian Orthodox Church gave ,, the Metropolinates and Consistory in Sremski Karlovci for keeping and definite organizing, for their use for scholarly purposes on 4 July, 1949. The Academy procured financial means, staff and fulfilled the conditions for making this possible. It also secured the return of the 81st Charter from Vienna and placed the documents of the Archives of the Magistrate of Karlovci and Karlovci Grammar School, which were kept in inadequate and insecure places, in the Archives of Karlovci. It received some of the documents and sources as gifts from the citizens, it bought some and it microfilmed most of the documents of the Dalmatian Eparchy found in the Historic Archives of Zadar. The archival sources gathered in such manner in the Archives of Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences in Karlovci chronologically date back from the mid sixteenth century until the seventies of the twentieth century, with references to farther past. They were written by people of different professions, in Serbian (and its different variants), German, Latin, Russian-Slovene, Hungarian, Italian, Greek, Romanian and other European languages. Regarding the content, these are petitions, appeals, reports, memoranda, protocols, contracts, testaments, correspondence, censuses etc. The documents are still being sorted out, put into protective boxes, preserved and restored from moist and other damages. For the time being, it is classified into forty-four funds and ten minor collections. The Archives has almost three million documents today. For most of them there are original or afterwards made registries, regestas, card files of individuals or summary catalogues. All in all, these documents are exceptional sources for political, cultural and economic history of the Serbian people in the Habsburg Monarchy, especially regarding church and religious life; schools, education, literature, art and various relations of Serbs with different Euro-Asian people. Ilarion and Dimitrije Ruvarac, Radoslav M. Grujuc, Mita Kostic, Dejan Medakovic, Vasilije Krestic, Slavko Gavrilovic, Nikola Gavrilovic are some of the great researchers who wrote their books, studies and articles based on the sources of the Archives or who published it in magazines and thematic collections of papers.
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