NOLI ME

TANGERE A
DIAGNOSIS OF
FILIPINO
SOCIETY
PREPARED BY: HOSMILLO, NOLITA

A PROPOSAL ON WRITING
A NOVEL ABOUT THE
PHILIPPINES
Thus, during Paris Exposition of
1889 Rizal encourage his fellow
expatriates to call themselves Indios
Bravos for them to have a sense of
national identity.
 Jan 2, 1884-Rizal presented a
proposal writing on a novel about
the Philippines to the Circulo
Hispano Filipino.

One year after, Pedro Paterno

published his novel entitles
Ninay with its subtitle
Costumbres Filipinas (Philippine
Customs)
IDEAS ON WRITING A NOVEL
ABOUT THE PHILIPPINES
Lunas Spolarium- one of the
ideas that provide Rizal the
motivation to write a novel about
the Philippines.
The Spolarium was perceived by
Rizal as a reflection of the Spirit of
the social, moral, and political
life of his time.
 Noli Me Tangere- can therefore
be considered as Rizals Spolarium.

Uncle Toms Cabin by Harriet

Beecher Stowe- another source of
idea for writing a novel about the
Philippines, this novel portrayed the
brutalities committed by American
slave owners against their Negro
slaves.
 The Wandering Dew- authored by Eugene Sue,
A third source of odea for a novel, Rizal was then
conceptualizing was the anti-clerical novel.

THE WRITING OF THE NOLI ME

TANGERE
Rizal started writing the Noli Me
Tangere in 1884, while he was
studying in Europe. He completed
one-half of the novel in Madrid.
 One-fourth of the novel was
written when he was at Paris.
Then the remaining one-fourth of the
novel was completed in Berlin
Germany on February, 21 1887.

March, 21 1887- the novel came off

the press with the financial
assistance of Maximo Viola.
 Noli Me Tangere- his first literary
masterpiece. The title can be
translated into English as Touch
Me Not

The aforementioned label to this

novel has a biblical basis, as those
words mere the ones uttered by
Jesus Christ to Mary Magdalene.
Why Rizal finally wrote the Noli Me
Tangere can be gleaned from the
dedication of his novel, which runs as
follows:
Notable among his purposes for
writing this novel were the following:

To picture the past and the realities

in the Philippines.
 To rely to insults heaped on the
Filipinos and their country.

To unmask the hypocrisy that have

impoverished and brutalized the
Filipino people.

To stir the patriotism of the Filipino

people.
THE PLOT
OF THE
NOVEL
PREPARED BY: RAMOS, MARIA ELLA
RAE D.
 The story begins with the return of Juan Crisostomo
Ibarra return the son to Don Rafael Ibarra, after a long
years of study in European continent. During his absence
Father Damaso was really angry with his father Don
Rafael Ibarra.

Don Rafael Ibarra was jailed for life for being accused for
the accident death of Spanish tax collector.
Juan Crisostomo
Don Rafael Ibarra Padre Damaso
Ibarra
 Father Damaso, the parish priest of San Diego denied
him a Christian burial and ordered his corpse exhumed
from the cemetery where it had been buried. Because he
believe that Don Rafael Ibarra did not confess his sins to
the father not even once.

Upon the arriving of Ibarra to the Philippines, a dinner was

tendered for Ibarra by Capitan Tiago or Don Santiago de
los Santos the father of Maria Clara.
Capitan Tiago Maria Clara
At the welcome dinner Father Damaso was insulting Ibarra
about his studies abdoard, but Ibarra just ignore the friars
and he is continued to smile.

After the dinner, on the way of Ibarra to his hotel, he met

Lieutenant Guevarra and here he knew the story about
the death of his father.
Lieutenant Guevarra
 After he knew the truth, instead of thinking of
avenging his fathers death, he instead dedicate and
pursue in educating the people in San Diego.

At the celebration Ibarra was almost killed because of

the sudden collapse of the derrick. He was rescued
by Elias. This was planned by Father Damaso and
Father Salvi, the friars who was madly inlove with
Maria Clara.
Elias
Elias is a boat pilot who was saved by Ibarra during an
excursion in the lake.

A banquet was held at Capitan Tiagos residence,

again Father Damaso started insulting and offensive
remarks about Ibarra, but Ibarra ignored it. When
Father Damaso insulted the memory of his dead
father, Ibarra stood up and knocked the friars. He was
about to kill Father Damaso, but Maria Clara stop
Ibarra.
 This is the cause why Maria Clara can no longer see
Ibarra.

Ibarra was punished to be exile but Father Damaso did

not succeed in that.

Father Salvi planned to organiz a rebellion among the

poor, discontented people of San Diego and those who
were victimized by Guardia Civil. Ibarra was its leader
and financier.
 Father Salvi disclosed the plan to the Guardia Civil and
the rebellion was crushed.
After the crush of rebellion was the arrest and
imprisonment and Ibarra was jailed himself.
Ibarra was able to escape through the help of Elias,
before living San Diego, Ibarra proceed to the house
of Capitan Tiago to see Maria Clara. Ibarra
discovered that the letter trade by Maria Clara to
Father Salvi proved that Maria Claras father is Father
Damaso. They keep the secret to save the reputation
of Capitan Tiago.
Father Salvi Guardia Civil
 After bidding Maria Clara, Elias and Ibarra proceed to
the Pasig River towards the Laguna Bay. But the
Guardia civil was chasing them, to destruct the Guardia
Civil Elias jump out of the and swam for shore under the
fire and he was shot.
Pasig River Laguna De Bay
 Although he was wounded, Elias was able to reach the
shore. From the shore he saw Baslio weeping over the
dead body of his mother, Sisa. Elias instructed to the
funeral pyre. The burning of the dead body of Sisa and
him.
Basilio Sisa
Funeral Pyre
 Next day newspapers reported the death of Chrisostomo
Ibarra.

Maria Clara refuse to marry Linares, and choose to be a

nun.
Linares
 From the novel we can see the important role of Elias
who appeard to be the voice of the revolution who
believed that reforms to obtain justice were not possible.

Ibarra convince him to trust the government and

the need of the light of education.
 Elias was also called for the radical reforms in the clergy
because they were the oppressors of the people.

Ibarra responded by telling that the people owed the

friars a dept of gratitude for giving them the Catholic
faith and for protecting them against the tyranny of
civil authorities.
 To carry out Rizals purpose in writing the novel,
numerous episodes were included in the novel.

The homily of Father Damaso during the celebration

of the town fiesta was employed by Rizal to denounce
the vulgar ignorance, hypocrisy and religion
despotisim.
 The novel clearly identified the defects of the Spanish
colonial system in the Philippines.

Elias and Ibarra were the solution to this defects but Rizal
was not very clear on what to do. He was not certain of
opting for revolution.

Rizal made it clear and plain the threat of a possible

outbreak of a revolution.
 The Characters in the Noli Me Tangere

Maria Clara was Leonor Rivera. Tasyo was his older

brother Paciano. Padre Salvi was Fr. Antonio Piernavieja of
the Augustinian Order. Captain Tiago was Hilario Sunico of
San Nicolas. Donya Victorina was Donya Agustina Medel.
Basilio and Crispin were the Crisostomo brothers of
Hagonoy,Bulacan. Padre Damaso, however, was the
typical abusive friar during Rizals time.

Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
 1. Juan Crisostomo Ibarra

. The main character

. Represented the affluent and
liberal European-educated Filipino
. Civic-minded, liberty-minded,
patriotic and he desired the
education of the people

Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
 2. Elias
Through him Rizal represented the
Filipino masses in the novel
He did everything to vindicate them
from the injustices suffered from the
Spaniards
He extended help to Crisostomo in
many occasions in the novel
He is a mouthpiece of Rizals
contradictory thoughts and purposes

Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
3. Maria Clara
. The object of Ibarras love and
affection
. She symbolizes the Filipino
womanhood in their fidelity,
coyness, and modesty

Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
4. Don Rafael Ibarra

was Crisostomos father

He was jailed for helping a young boy
Padre Damaso considered him a heretic and a filibustero owing to
his liberal and independent views
He was used by Rizal to symbolize an affluent landlord with a
social conscience

Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
Sisa
Was the mother of Basilio and
Crispin
She symbolized a lots of things in
Filipino society during Rizals time
In the novel, she lost her mental
balance upon learning what
happened to Basilio and Crispin
Through her, Rizal was able to
illustrate lack of concern in facing
and resolving problems confronting
Filipino society.
Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
6. Capitan Tiago
For the people of San Diego,he was Don Anastacio delos Santos
Just like Don Rafael Ibarra ,he was a rich landlord.
His wealth was derived from his involvement in the illegal opium trade
To the common people, he was a symbol of the cacique mentality
He never prayed to God even in the face of difficulties
He employed by Rizal to represent the subservient Filipino to the authorities to
protect his personal and business interest

Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
 7. Donya Victorina
She is a social climber, thats why she
married Don Tiburcio de Espdanya to
support her claim of being of
Spaniards
She despised everything Filipino and
imitated what was Spanish
Rizal used her to symbolize colonial
mentality among some Filipinos during
his time.

Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
8. Donya Patrocinio
. As the mistress of the Alferez ,she was noted to be imprudent,
vulgar, cruel, and quarrelsome.
. She symbolized the mentality of the Guardia Civil
. Being the only competitor of Capitan Tiago in godliness, she did
everything to pretend that she was really religious by showing off to
the public what she could contribute for the church

Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
9. Pilosopo Tasyo
He presented Rizals epitome of a
philosopher
He was perceived to be a sage by
the educated and a weird or
lunatic by those who did not know
him

Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
10. The School Master of San Diego

He symbolized intellectual dissatisfaction in Filipino society

during Rizals time
As an educated individual, he dreamed of changing the
methods of teaching to facilitate the greater learning on the part
of the pupils then.

Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
 The Filipino Society as picture in Noli
The novel uncompromisingly exposes Spaniards in the Philippines .The
government was administered by self-seekers,
Motivated by the desire to enrich themselves
Honest and sincere officials were quite few
Corruption became so rampant
Banditry became a way of life
The friars used the catholic church to amass wealth and to perpetuate
themselves into power.
Filipinos were not spared in his criticism of Filipino society.
The virtues and good qualities of the Filipino people were highlighted in the
novel.
Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
The notable virtues and values emphasized by Rizal:

Modesty and devotion of the Filipino woman

The open-minded hospitality of the Filipino family
The devotion of the parents to their children and children to their
parents.
The deep sense of gratitude of the Filipino peasants.

Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
Rizals Diagnosis of Filipino Society

He made it plain and clear that the friars were the enemies of reform,
progress, justice in the country.
One clear proof was the case of the school building project, proposed
by Ibarra.
The reasons why Rizal considered the friars, the enemy of reforms,
progress ,and justice in the country.

Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
 Another factor that could expound Rizals conclusion was the
influence of the Spanish anti-clericalism.
The friars wielded so much powers, such that they were the authority
in the different pueblos, throughout the archipelago, due to the
following roles they played then; parish priest, tax collector, school
inspector, superintended of public works by forced labor, an
intelligence officer and president of all local boards.

Name of Presenter
Position
Department/College
(click View>>Master>>Slide Master to edit)
Noli Me Tangere as a Character of
Filipino Nationalism

PREPARED BY: MR.


Rizal's first novel -- the Noli Me Tangere-- is a scathing, full-scale indictment of the Philippine political and religious regime. In this novel,
Rizal tried to do what no one has been willing to do -- he replied to the calumnies which, for centuries, have been heaped upon us and
our country; he described the state of our society, our life, our beliefs, our hopes, our desires, our laments, and our grievances. And what
is surprising is that he has unmasked the hypocrisy, which under the cloak of religion, came among us to deprive us, to brutalize us. Rizal
distinguished the true religion from the false, from the superstitious, from that which traffics with the Sacred Word to extract money, to
make us believe in foolishness which Catholicism would blush at if it had knowledge of it. Moreover, he unveiled what lay hidden behind
the deceptive and brilliant words of our government. Rizal did not let his fellowmen off the hook, though. He had also told our fellowmen
of our faults, our vices, our culpable and shameful apathy with regards to these miseries. It may be noted that the facts Rizal had related
are all true and real. The facts Rizal brought to his fellowmen's attention through Noli Me Tangere:
The corruption and brutality of Spanish priests and the injustices to the Indios.
The Friars have made the Catholic religion an instrument for enriching themselves and perpetuating themselves in power by seeking
to coerce the ignorant Filipino in fanaticism and superstitions instead of teaching them true Catholicism.
The Noli Me Tangere is, therefore, not merely an attack on the Spanish colonial regime. It is a charter nationalism. It calls on the Filipino
to recover his self-confidence, to appreciate his own worth, to return to the heritage of his ancestors, to assert himself as the equal of the
Spaniard.
In his novel, Rizal has given a sort of encouragement to his countrymen to struggle against their bad qualities, and afterwards they have
reformed.
The title of Noli Me Tangere is a Latin phrase, which means "Touch Me Not." Basically this phrase was not originally conceived by Rizal,
for he admitted taking it from the Bible. It is from the book of St. John (Chap 20:13-17). It was said that on the First Easter Sunday, St
Mary Magdalene visited Jesus in the tomb, who had just risen from the dead.
"Touch Me Not, I am not yet ascended to my Father, but to go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father, and your
Father, and to my God and your God."
First Reaction to the Noli Me tangere
Antonio Regidor , a Filipino exile for his alleged
complicity in the 1872 Uprising. He said that
the book is superior and that if Don quijote has
made its author immortal because he exposed
to the world the sufferings of Spain, your Noli Me
Tangere will bring you equal glory
Ferdinand Blumentritt, rizals german friend praise
him and said your work as we Germans say, has
been written with blood and heart. Your work has
exceeded my hopes and I consider myself
fortunate and happy to have been honored with
your friendship. Not only I but your country, may
feel happy for your people one of those great men
who will exercise a determinative influence over
the progress of their spiritual life
Archbishop Pedro Payo Governor- General Emilio Terrero
Attacks and Defenses
of the Noli Me Tangere

PREPARED BY:
 The attacks on Rizals Noli Me Tangere were not only
confined in the Philippines but were also staged in
Madrid. (De Ocampo). There, Senator Fernando
Vida, Deputy Luis M. de Pando, and Prime
Minister Praxedes Mateo Sagasta were among
those unjustly lambasted and criticized Rizal and his
Noli in the two chambers of the Spanish Cortes in
1888 and 1889.
The aforementioned Spanish legislators condemned
the novel as anti-Catholic, Protestant, and Socialist
in orientation and leaning.
Deputy Luis M. de Pando
Prime Minister Praxedes Mateo Sagast
 Another attack on the novel came from Vicente
Barrantes, a Spanish academician, who had spent
many years in high post of Philippine administration.
Regular contributor in the Newspaper entitled
LaEspaa Moderna
He attacked Rizal in 1889 by describing him as a
man of Contradiction, whose criticism of the friars
and the Spanish regime were actually an insult to
the Filipinos themselves.
Vicente Barrantes
Fr. Salvador Font
In the Philippines, Fr. Salvador Font, who issued the
official censure the Noli, tried to prevent the circulation
of the novel by publishing a new copies of his report
(Schumacher, 1997).
Attacks on the religion of the state; Attacks on
the administration, the government employees
and the courts; attacks on the civil guards; and
attacks on the territorial integrity of the Spanish
Kingdom
Father Jose Rodriguez

A direct attack on the Noli was launched by him by issu

series of pamphlets under the title
Cuestiones de Sumo Interes (Zaide & Zaide 1999).

Rizal, however, replied to these attacks by Fr. Rodrigu

through the satirical pamphlet entitled, La Vision de
Fray Rodriguez.
 Rizal, however, replied to these attacks by Fr.
Rodriguez through the satirical pamphlet entitled, La
Vision del Fray Rodriguez.

In response to Father Fonts critique of the Noli, Rizal

wrote a satirical essay, entitled Por Telefono
(Schumacher, 1997).
Fr. Francisco Sanchez
One of those who defended Noli, Rizals teacher in
rhetoric at Ateneo.
After reading the pamphlet written by Fr. Rodriguez, he
told Rizal that it was that pamphlet written with the feet
and not the Noli Me Tangere (Epistolario Rizalino, Vol.5).
Fr. Vicente Garcia
The greatest defense of the Noli came from a Filipino
priest. This priest was Fr. Vicente Garcia, the translator
into tagalog of the famous imitation of Christ.
Writing under the pen name Desiderio Magalang, Fr.
Garcia refuted Fr. Rodriguez condemnation of the Noli
for its alleged blasphemy and heresy.
Marcelo H. del Pilar
Another defender of Rizals Noli was Marcelo H. del Pilar.
In answer to Fr. Rodriguez pamphlet entitled Caiingat
Cayo (Beware). Del Pilar wrote the pamphlet entitled
Caiigat Cayo (Be Slippery as an Eel).
Ferdinand Bluementritt
Rizals Noli was also defended by his friend, Ferdinand
Bluementritt, in 1889 (Schumacher, 1997).
His defense stressed his Catholic orientation.