Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 23 views

    The Layers of The OSI Model

    Uploaded by

    James Hammond
    The physical layer is responsible for delivering raw bits over the communication channel. Issues include defining voltage levels for 1s and 0s, bit transmission time, simultaneous two-way transmission, and pin assignments. The data link layer facilitates error-free transmission of raw data by framing input data into multiple frames, transmitting frames sequentially, and processing acknowledgment frames. It must handle frame boundaries, damaged frames, duplicate frames, and provides different classes of service. Issues include smooth data transmission, regulating traffic flow using buffer space information, two-way channel conflicts, and shared channel access control in broadcast networks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    The Layers of The OSI Model

    Uploaded by

    James Hammond
    23 views1 page
    The physical layer is responsible for delivering raw bits over the communication channel. Issues include defining voltage levels for 1s and 0s, bit transmission time, simultaneous two-way transmission, and pin assignments. The data link layer facilitates error-free transmission of raw data by framing input data into multiple frames, transmitting frames sequentially, and processing acknowledgment frames. It must handle frame boundaries, damaged frames, duplicate frames, and provides different classes of service. Issues include smooth data transmission, regulating traffic flow using buffer space information, two-way channel conflicts, and shared channel access control in broadcast networks.

    Original Description:

    OSI

    Original Title

    Osi

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The physical layer is responsible for delivering raw bits over the communication channel. Issues include defining voltage levels for 1s and 0s, bit transmission time, simultaneous two-way transmission, and pin assignments. The data link layer facilitates error-free transmission of raw data by framing input data into multiple frames, transmitting frames sequentially, and processing acknowledgment frames. It must handle frame boundaries, damaged frames, duplicate frames, and provides different classes of service. Issues include smooth data transmission, regulating traffic flow using buffer space information, two-way channel conflicts, and shared channel access control in broadcast networks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    23 views1 page

    The Layers of The OSI Model

    Uploaded by

    James Hammond
    The physical layer is responsible for delivering raw bits over the communication channel. Issues include defining voltage levels for 1s and 0s, bit transmission time, simultaneous two-way transmission, and pin assignments. The data link layer facilitates error-free transmission of raw data by framing input data into multiple frames, transmitting frames sequentially, and processing acknowledgment frames. It must handle frame boundaries, damaged frames, duplicate frames, and provides different classes of service. Issues include smooth data transmission, regulating traffic flow using buffer space information, two-way channel conflicts, and shared channel access control in broadcast networks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 1

    The layers of the OSI Model 2.3.

    1 Physical Layer Physical Layer function in the delivery of raw bits into the communication channel . Design issues that must be considered here is to make sure that when one side sends a 1 bit of data , the data must be received by the other side as a 1 bit anyway , and instead of 0 bits . he !uestion that arises in this case is " how many volts that need to be used to declare the value of 1 # and how many volts are also needed for the number 0 # . $ow many microseconds re!uired a bit will run out # %s the transmission can be &rocessed simultaneously in both directions # $ow many &ins are owned utility networks and what each &in # %n general, the design &roblems that are found here related mechanical , electrical and &rocedural interfaces , and &hysical media that are under the &hysical layer. 2.3.2 Data Link Layer he main task of the data link layer is to facilitate the transmission of raw data and transform that data into the channel error'free transmission . (efore &assing kenetwork layer , data link layer this task by allowing the sender memecag broke the in&ut data into a &lurality of data frames ) ty&ically number in the hundreds or thousands of bytes * . hen the data link layer transmits the frames se!uentially , and &rocess the acknowledgment frames sent back by the receiver . (ecause of the &hysical layer receives and sends a stream of bits without regard to the meaning or architectural frame , then de&ending on the data link layer the one to make and recogni+ing the limits of the frame . his can be done by affi,ing a s&ecial bit to the beginning and end of the frame . -hen incidental bit &atterns can be found in the data , it would re!uire s&ecial attention to ensure that the &attern is not regarded as one of the boundaries of the frame . he occurrence of noise on the line can damage the frame . %n this case , the data link layer software on the source machine to send back the damaged frames . $owever, transmission of the same frames over and over again can lead to du&lication of frames . Du&licate frames need to be sent when the acknowledgment frame from the receiver is returned to the sender has been lost . De&ending on this layer to address the &roblems that caused the destruction , loss and du&lication of frames . he data link layer &rovides several classes of services for the network layer . his service class can be differentiated in terms of !uality and &rice . .ther issues that arise at the data link layer ) and also most of the layers above it * is to try the smooth &rocess of data transmission from the sender to the receiver that !uickly slow . /echanism of regulation of traffic data should allow the sender to know the amount of buffer s&ace that is owned by the reci&ient at any given moment . .ften setting the flow and error handling in an integrated manner . 0hannel that can send data in both direction can also cause &roblems . hus need to be considered for the data link layer software . he &roblem that can arise here is that acknoeledgement frames flowing from 1 to ( to com&ete with each other &recede flow from ( to 1. 0om&letion of the best ) &iggy backing * could have been used 2 later we will discuss it in de&th . (roadcast networks have an additional issue in the data link layer . he &roblem is in terms of controlling access to the shared channel . 0an be used to overcome s&ecific sublayer of data link layer , which is called the medium access sublayer .

    You might also like