Karate Terms and Translations

Gjry Karate Terms & Translations
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Copyright 2004/2005 by Bruce A. Brunger. All Rights Reserved. Prepared for the exclusive use of Cornell Watsons Martial Arts Center. Used and distributed with permission of
the copyright holder. The Cornell Watson Martial Arts Center name and logo are the property of the Cornell Watson Martial Arts Center and may not be copied or used without
permission. This work may not be copied, reproduced, altered, stored or distributed without the prior written permission of the copyright holder and Cornell Watsons Martial Arts
Center.

Karate Terms
& Translations
G J Ry Kara Te D no Sen Mon Y Go

Researched & Compiled by
Bruce A. Brunger
(B.A. in Japanese Language)

Source:
The Modern Readers Japanese-English Character Dictionary
by Andrew Nelson, Ph.D.

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Table of Contents

Introduction & Pronunciation Guide .. 3
General Terms & Phrases ... 7
Names of Stances .. 16
Names of Blocks ... 20
Names of Strikes ... 33
Names of Kicks ..... 37
Names of Kata ... 39
Miscellaneous Terms ..... 43
Names of Schools of Japanese Martial Arts .. 49

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Introduction
This compilation has been carefully researched and prepared to help you learn basic terms used
in Gjry Karate, the nuances and meanings behind the original Japanese terms, and to aid your
correct pronunciation of the Japanese terms. For translating the Chinese (or kanji) characters of
the Japanese terms and defining the root meanings of the characters, the
excellent dictionary, The Modern Readers Japanese-English Character
Dictionary by Andrew Nelson, Ph.D. was used for its thoroughness and
conciseness in explaining Japanese words and the meaning of the kanji
characters. For those who are interested in studying Japanese words and the
kanji characters, there is no finer reference than Nelsons Dictionary. In
addition, the terms were also reviewed for accuracy with native Japanese
speakers, and proofread by Sensei Cornell Watson (Shihan) of the Cornell
Watson Martial Arts Center. Therefore the resulting compilation is believed to
be an accurate and authoritative representation of the correct terms, and will be a great
supplement to your study of Gjry Karate. You can also make these into flash cards to review
and memorize. It is hoped that this guide will become a source to which you will refer often, and
help you to gain a deeper appreciation for the richness, eloquence, nuances and context of the
Japanese language as used in Gjry Karate.

Japanese Pronunciation Guide
This section will explain the basics of correctly pronouncing Japanese words. Spoken Japanese
consists of simple syllables, generally consisting of a vowel, or a consonant plus a vowel. There
are few complex consonant clusters. All vowels and consonants have consistent pronunciation.
Consonants are crisply pronounced. Care should be taken when pronouncing Japanese words, as
one slip of the tongue may result in saying a word incorrectly as gibberish, or perhaps saying
an entirely different Japanese word altogether. Throughout this guide, both the literal English
transliteration of the Japanese pronunciation is provided, along with a more phonetic spelling
of the Japanese pronunciation to ensure that you pronounce the words correctly.

JAPANESE VOWELS (Ah-Ee-Uu-Eh-Oh)
Vowels are always pronounced the same way; long vowels (usually marked in English
transliteration with a bar over the vowel (for example, ) or as two vowels (ou) are simply longer
in duration (actually two full syllables), but the sound itself doesnt change.

A = pronounced Ah as in father
I = pronounced Ee as in eat or each
U = pronounced Oo as in food or zoo
E = pronounced Eh as in get or Ted
O = pronounced Oh as in Ohio
YA = pronounced Yah as in Yahoo
YU = pronounced Yuu as in You or Universe
( )
YO = pronounced Yoh as in Yolk
Some Vowel pronunciation examples:

Karate (Kah-Rah-Teh NOT Kuh-Ra-Tee)
Ichi (Ee-chee NOT It-chi)
Ueno (Oo-Eh-Noh --- a place in Tokyo)


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CONSONANTS ( WITH VOWEL COMBINATIONS )
There are about 16 basic consonant types in Japanese which are combined with 8 vowels to
create over 88 different sounds in Japanese. The basic consonants in Japanese are fairly
straightforward, with only a few exceptions. Pronunciation should always be done clearly. The
consonant sounds with the corresponding vowels are shown below:

Basic Vowel Sounds
A I U E O -YA -YU -YO
K Ka Ki Ku Ke Ko Kya Kyu Kyo
S Sa Shi Su Se So Sha Shu Sho
T Ta Chi Tsu Te To Cha Chu Cho
N Na Ni Nu Ne No Nya Nyu Nyo
H Ha Hi Fu He Ho Hya Hyu Hyo
M Ma Mi Mu Me Mo Mya Myu Myo
Y Ya Yu Yo
R Ra Ri Ru Re Ro Rya Ryu Ryo
W Wa Wo
G Ga Gi Gu Ge Go Gya Gyu Gyo
Z or J Za Ji Zu Ze Zo Ja Jyu Jo
D or Z Da Zi Dzu De Do
B Ba Bi Bu Be Bo Bya Byu Byo
P Pa Pi Pu Pe Po Pya Pyu Pyo
B
a
s
i
c

C
o
n
s
o
n
a
n
t

S
o
u
n
d
s

N (No combinations, just an ending nsound, same sound as the n in New)

Consonant Pronunciation Guide
The following are some common consonant sounds with actual examples in Japanese speech.

Consonant Pronunciation Japanese Example
Ka Kah (like the sound of a crow, or corn Cob) Karate or Kake
Ki Kee (as in the word key) Kihon or Ki-Ai
Ku Koo (as in the word cookoo) Kumite
Ke Keh (as in the word kept) Ken or Uke or Kake
Ko Koh (as in the word Cocoa) Kohai
Kya Keeyah Kyakk
Kyu Keeyu (as in the word Cute) Kyukei
K
-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Kyo Keeyoh (as in the word Tokyo Taikyoku
Sa Sah (as in the word saw) Sanchin or Osae
Shi Shee (as in the word Sheep) Shiko dachi or Shichi
Su Soo (as in the girls name Suzie) Ebisu (a place in Tokyo)
Se Seh (as in the word Set) Seza or Sensei or Sempai
So Soh (as in the word Sew or Sewing) Mokuso or Haisoku
Sha Shaw (as in the word Shaman) Shorisha
Shu Shoo (as in the word Shoe) Shuto
S
-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Sho Shoh (as in the word Show) Basho or Shokken
Ta Tah (as in the word Tick-Tock or Talk) Kata or O-Tagai ni
Chi Chee (as in Cheetos or Cheese) Dachi or Uchi
Tsu Tsoo (the TS sound of Tse-tse fly) Zenkutsu Dachi
Te Teh (as in Teddy Bear) Karate or Kumite or Nukite
To Toh (as in Toad or Toe) Haito or Kakato or Shuto
Cha Chaw (as in Chalk ) Chaku
Chu Choo (as in Chew or Choose) Chudan or Haichu
T
-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Cho Choh (as in Chosen or Choke) Chotto
(Continued on next page)

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Consonant Pronunciation Guide ( Continued )

Consonant Pronunciation Guide Japanese Example
Ha Hah (as in laughing Ha) Hachi or Haito
Hi Hee (as in Heat or Heap) Hira-Ken or Hiza
Fu Foo (actually a softer sound closer to Huu) Fumi-komi
He Heh (as in Hem or Hemlock) Heisoku Dachi
Ho Hoh (as in Hoe or Hope) Hokkaido (place in Japan)
Hya HeeYah Hyaku
Hyu HeeYuu (as in the name Hugh) Hyuga
H
-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Hyo HeeYoh Hyoka or Hyoron
Na Nah (as in Nominate or Viet Nam) Nageru
Ni Nee (as in Knee or Need) Nihon Nippon
Nu Nuu (as in New or Knew) Nukite
Ne Neh (as in Net ) Neko Ashi Dachi
No Noh (as in No or Know) Nomu
Nya NeeYah (as in Kenya) Tenya wanya
Nyu NeeYuu (as in New) Nyugakku or Gyunyu
N
-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Nyo NeeYoh Nyobo
Ma Mah (as in Mom or Mama) Mawashi Geri
Mi Mee (as in Me or Meek) Miyagi
Mu Moo (as in Move ) Muri
Me Meh (as in Men or Mental) Meiso
Mo Moh (as in Mow or Motion) Mokuso
Mya MeeYah Myaku
Myu MeeYuu (as in Music)
M
-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Myo MeeYoh Daimyo or Myoban
Ra Rah (as in Rod or Raw) Ramen
Ri Ree (as in Reed or Greed) Geri
Ru Roo (as in Kangaroo) Ruiji or Rujiten
Re Reh (as in Red or Rent or Bread) Rei or Renshu
Ro Roh (as in Road or Rope or Broke) Ushiro or Roku
Rya ReeYah (as in Diarrhea ) Ryakudatsu
Ryu ReeYuu (as in Reunion) Goju-Ryu or Ryukyu
R
-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Ryo ReeYoh (as in Curio or Rio De Janeiro) Ryoshin or Ryoken
Ya Yah (as in Yard) Yamato
Yu Yoo (as in You or Universe) Yuki
Y
-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Yo Yoh (as in Yogurt) Yoku
Wa Wah (as in Watch or Wall) Mawashi-Geri
W
-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Wo Woh (as in Woe is Me or Whoa) Karate wo manabimasu
Ga Gah (as in God or Got) Gakusei or Ganbaru
Gi Ghee (as in Guitar) Karate Gi or Giri or Gishiki
Gu Goo (as in Goop or Goof) Guntai or Gushiken
Ge Gheh (as in Get) Gentei or Geta
Go Goh (as in Goat or Go) Gojuryu
Gya GeeYah (as in Gyaku
Gyu GeeYuu (as in Gyunikku
G
-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Gyo GeeYoh (as in Ningyo
(Continued on next page)

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Consonant Pronunciation Guide ( Continued )

Consonant Pronunciation Guide Japanese Example
Za Zah (as in Zombie ) Seiza
Ji Jee (as in Jeep) Kanji or Jissai
Zu Zoo (as in Zoo or Zoom) Kanarazu or Zutsu
Ze Zeh (as in Zen) Zen
Zo Zoh (as in Bozo) Zosa or Zowai
Jya (Ja) JeeYah (as in Jockey or John) Jyakuten or Jama
Jyu (Ju) JeeYuu (as in the name Hugh) Judo or Jubun or Gojuryu
Z

o
r

J
-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Jyo (Jo) JeeYoh (as in Joke Joan or Joe) Jodan or Jozu
Da Dah (as in Dominate) Damasu or Daraku
Zi Zhee (as in Zebra)
Dzu Dzoo
De Deh (as in Destitute) Desho or Dento
D

o
r

Z

-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Do Doh (as in Homer Simpsons Doh! or Dough) Karate D or Dojo or Dzo
Ba Bah (as in Scrooges Bah Humbug or Bottom) Baka or Basho
Bi Bee (as in Bumble Bee or Beach) Bijin or Bikkuri
Bu Boo (as in Boo or Boom) Budo or Buji or Burei
Be Beh (as in Bed or Beckon) Benky or Betsu or Bengoshi
Bo Boh (as in Boat or Bone) Bodai or Sasebo or Bonsai
Bya BeeYah (as in Beyond) Sanbyaku
Byu BeeYuu (as in Beautiful)
B
-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Byo BeeYoh Byki Byteki Bysei
Pa Pah (as in Papa or Pajama) Chuto-hanpa
Pi Pee (as in People or Peace) Pinto
Pu Poo (as in Pool or Harpoon) Sempuki
Pe Peh (as in Pedestrian) Peko-peko or Peten
Po Poh (as in Postal or Pole) Sampo or Tampopo
Pya PeeYah Happyaku
Pyu PeeYuu (as in Pupil or Purify)
P
-
S
e
r
i
e
s

Pyo PeeYoh Happyo

Notes:
All syllables receive the same amount of stress or emphasis (that means pronouncing Japanese
without any stress or emphasis.)
Examples:
g-j-ry NOT go-JU-ryu
zen-ku-tsu-da-chi NOT zen-KU-tsu-DA-chi
ka-ra-te NOT Ka-RA-te
ne-ko-a-shi-da-chi NOT NE-ko-a-SHI-DA-chi

You can almost always divide the syllables after a vowel. (exception: some syllables end in n
(shinbun = newspaper) (Nihon = Japan); sometimes a consonant is doubled (Roppongi Tokyo
place; or Hatchbori Tokyo place), which actually represents two syllables (pronounced with a
slight pause Roppon-gi; Hatchou-bo-ri).


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General Terms & Phrases
Japanese Term
G J Ry
ENGLISH TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Goh Joo Reeyoo
Kanji Character(s)

Original Meaning(s) of
the Kanji Characters
Strength;
Firmness,
Rigid, Bravery,
Courage, Valor,
Hardness,
Toughness
Gentleness,
Softness,
Tender,
Graceful,
Flexible,
Supple
Style, Fashion,
School (of
Thought),
Manner, Way (of
Doing), Fashion,
Current, Flow
The Strong and Gentle Way
The Way of Hard and Soft
The Tough but Graceful Style

Japanese Term
Kara Te D
Pronunciation KahRah Teh Doh
Kanji Character(s)

Empty, Sky,
Open, Vacant,
Hollow

Hand(s)

Way, Path,
Road, Journey,
Teachings,
Course, Duty,
Morality
Empty Hand
Open Hand
Fighting without Weapons
The Way (or Path) of
the Empty Hand

Japanese Term
Kata
Pronunciation KahTah
Kanji Character(s)

Set Form or Format,
Set Pattern, Particular Style, Model, Type

NOTE: It is interesting to know that the
upper portion of the character ( or Kei )
means punishment. As it is placed over
the other character for ground, earth or
Soil ( or Doh ), this combined meaning
connotes an image of strictly imposed
standards, physically demanding practice,
or physically punishing routines performed
outside on the ground.

A set pattern or sequence
of defensive and offensive
movements and techniques,
performed alone against
imaginary opponents

Japanese Term
D J
Pronunciation Doh Joh
Kanji Character(s)

Way, Path, Road,
Journey, Teachings,
Course, Duty, Morality
Place, Grounds, Ring,
Site, Space, Scene
(Practice) Hall
Gymnasium
Arena
(Literally: A Place for Learning
The Way)


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General Terms & Phrases (Continued)

Japanese Term
Sen Sei
Pronunciation Sen Say
Kanji Character(s)

Preceding, Beyond,
Prior, Earlier than, Head
(of a line, etc.), The First
Birth, Live, Life,
Existence, Cultivation,
To Create, To Produce
Instructor Teacher
Schoolmaster Master
Doctor

(Literally: One who has lived before you,
in other words, One who has knowledge
and experience that you do not yet have. )

Japanese Term
De Shi
Pronunciation Deh Shee
Kanji Character(s)

Younger Brother,
Faithful Service to
those who are Older,
Brotherly Affection
Child, Offspring,
The Young,
A Youngster,
Small
Pupil Student
Disciple Follower
Apprentice

Japanese Term
Sen Pai
Pronunciation Sen (or Sem) Pie
Kanji Character(s)

Preceding, Beyond,
Prior, Earlier than, Head
(of a line, etc.), The First
Fellow, Companion,
Man
(Ones) Senior or Elder
(a) Senior Student
One who Out-Ranks You

Japanese Term
K Hai
Pronunciation Koh High
Kanji Character(s)

Rear, Back, Successor,
Following
Fellow, Companion,
Man
(Ones) Junior or Subordinate
(a) Junior Student
One who is Below your Rank

Japanese Term
Rei Shiki
Pronunciation Ray SheeKee (or Shkee)
Kanji Character(s)

Salute, Bow, Show
Courtesy, Appreciation,
Propriety, Etiquette,
Manners
Ceremony,
Rite, Function
(Bowing) Ceremony

(a) Rite


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Japanese Term
Sei Za
Pronunciation Say Zah
Kanji Character(s)

Straight, Right,
Proper, Correct,
Perfectly
Sit Down, Squat,
Settle, Seat, Be Stable
Sit Straight
Sit Correctly
Sit Quietly
Be Seated

Japanese Term
Moku S
Pronunciation Moh Koo Soh
Kanji Character(s)

Keeping Silence,
Saying Nothing
Thought, Idea,
Imagination,
Consideration
Closing Ones Eyes
in Silent Meditation

Quiet Reflection

Japanese Term
O Tagai ni
Pronunciation Oh Tah Gah Ee Nee
Kanji Character(s)
Respectfully Toward Each Other,
Mutually to Each Other, Reciprocally
Toward Each Other
Mutually
Together

Japanese Term
Rei
Pronunciation Ray
Kanji Character(s)

Salute, Bow, Show Courtesy, Appreciation,
Show Respect, Propriety, Etiquette, Manners
(to) Respectfully Bow (towards)

Japanese Term
Shmen ni Taishite
Pronunciation Shoh Men Ni Tai Shee Teh
Kanji Character(s)
Toward or in the direction of the Front
(of the Dojo where the Founders Pictures are
displayed in the honored stand called the Kamiza)
(Please) Face (toward)
the Front


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Japanese Term
Sensei ni Taishite
Pronunciation Sen Say Nee Tai Shee Teh
Kanji Character(s)
Toward (in the direction of) the Teacher or Instructor
(Please) Face (toward)
the Teacher

Japanese Term
Y i
Pronunciation Yoh Ee
Kanji Character(s)

Business, Work,
Function, Errand,
Use, Service
Will, Intention, Thought,
Idea, Desire
(Used as a Command)
Get Ready!
(Be Prepared!)

Japanese Term
Hajime (or Haijimeru)
Pronunciation Hah Jee Meh ( Haji Meh Roo )
Kanji Character(s)
()
To Start, Begin, Commence
(Used as a Command)
Begin! Start!
Begin at Your Own Pace

Japanese Term
Yame (or Yameru)
Pronunciation Yah Meh (Yah Meh Roo)
Kanji Character(s)
()
To Stop, Cease, Quit, End, Terminate
(Used as a Command)
Stop! Cease!

Japanese Term
Narande
Pronunciation Nahrah n Deh
Kanji Character(s)

To line up, to form a line, to arrange side-by-side
(Used as a Command)
Line up!


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Japanese Term
Sei Retsu
Pronunciation Say Reh Tsoo
Kanji Character(s)

Arrange, Assemble Line, Row
(to) Line Up (by Rank)

Japanese Term
Mawatte
Pronunciation Mah Wah Teh
Kanji Character(s)

To Turn Around, Spin, Rotate, Go Around
(Used as a Command)
Turn Around!

Japanese Term
Ki Ai
Pronunciation Kee Eye
Kanji Character(s)

Spirit, Force, Energy,
Mind, Heart, Feeling,
Temper, Mood,
Disposition, Intention
Meet, Join Together,
Match (with), Unite,
Add Up, Mix,
Combine
(a) Fighting Yell
(a) Striking Shout
(a) Forceful Puff of Breath
(a) Focused Shout from ones
Spiritual Energy

Japanese Term
Kara Te Ka
Pronunciation KahRah Teh Kah
Kanji Character(s)

Empty, Sky,
Open, Vacant,
Hollow
Hand(s)
Person,
Profession
(a) Practitioner of Karate

Japanese Term
Shi Han
Pronunciation Shee Hahn
Kanji Character(s)

Teacher, Master,
Example, Model,
Pattern, Exemplary
Person
Example, Model,
Pattern
Master Instructor

Model Instructor of Technical Skills


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Japanese Term
Gi
Pronunciation Ghee
Kanji Character(s)

Clothing; What One Wears
(ones) Karate Uniform

Japanese Term
Obi
Pronunciation Oh Bee
Kanji Character(s)

Belt, Sash, Band
(ones) Karate Belt
(Signifying your Rank)

Japanese Term
Hai
Pronunciation High
Kanji Character(s)

Yes, Acknowledgement, Affirmative
Yes Yes Sir
I Agree
I Understand (and Ill Do it)

Japanese Term
Iie
Pronunciation Ee Ee Eh
Kanji Character(s)
No, Not, Negative
No No Way No Sir
I Dont Agree

Japanese Term
Kumi Te
Pronunciation Koo Mee Teh
Kanji Character(s)

To Cross, Unite with,
Grapple with, Braid
Together
Hand or Hands
Fighting
Sparring

(Jiyu Kumite = Freestyle Sparring)


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Japanese Term
Ki Hon
Pronunciation Kee Hohn
Kanji Character(s)

Origin, Basis,
Foundation
Main, True, Real,
Regular, Normal,
Source, The Root of
Basic
Basis
Standard
Fundamental

Japanese Term
I D
Pronunciation Ee Doh
Kanji Character(s)

Move, Change, Shift,
Drift, Transfer, Divert,
Pour into
Stir, Move, Shift,
Shake, Set in Motion,
Mobilize, Activity,
Fluctuate
Movement

Japanese Term
Mae
Pronunciation Mah Eh
Kanji Character(s)

Front, Before, Ahead, Forepart
Front In Front

Japanese Term
Ushiro
Pronunciation Uu Shee Roh
Kanji Character(s)

Back, Rear, Behind
Back Behind

Japanese Term
Yoko
Pronunciation Yoh Koh
Kanji Character(s)

Side, Flank, Horizontal Direction
(to the) Side Sideways


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Japanese Term
Migi
Pronunciation Mee Ghee
Kanji Character(s)

Right, Right-hand, Rightward
(to ones) Right (the) Right

(the) Right Side

Japanese Term
Hidari
Pronunciation Hee Dah Ree
Kanji Character(s)

Left, Left-hand, Leftward
(to ones) Left (the) Left

(the) Left Side

Japanese Term
Mawashi
Pronunciation Mah Wah Shee
Kanji Character(s)

To Rotate, Go Around
Around

Roundhouse (kick, etc.)

Japanese Term
Dai Ichi
Pronunciation Die Ee Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Numeral, Number,
The (First, Second, etc.),
Primary, Foremost,
The Greatest
One, First
The First (of a series)

Japanese Term
Dai Ni
Pronunciation Die Nee
Kanji Character(s)

Numeral, Number,
The (First, Second, etc.),
Primary, Foremost,
The Greatest
Two, Second
The Second (of a Series)


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Japanese Term
J Dan
Pronunciation Jyoh Dahn
Kanji Character(s)

Up, Upper,
Upward, Top
Level, Stage, Degree,
Extent, Class, Rank
Upper (Face) Level

Japanese Term
Ch Dan
Pronunciation Chew Dahn
Kanji Character(s)

Middle, Center, Core
Extent, Class, Rank
Middle (Chest & Stomach) Level

Japanese Term
Ge Dan
Pronunciation Geh Dahn
Kanji Character(s)

Lower, Bottom,
Downward
Extent, Class, Rank
Lower (Groin & Leg) Level


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Names of Stances Used in Gjry Karate

Japanese Term
Dachi
Pronunciation Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Way of Standing, Stance
Stance

Japanese Term
Kamae
Pronunciation Kah Mah Eh
Kanji Character(s)

Posture, Pose, Assume a Stance, Be Ready For
(Take a ) Posture

Pose

Japanese Term
Heisoku Dachi
Pronunciation Hay Soh Koo Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Closed Feet Stance
(The) Closed Foot Stance

(Placing feet together parallel with no distance
between them, with heels and toes and knees
close together)

Japanese Term
Musubi Dachi
Pronunciation Moo Soo Bee Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Joined Together,
Bound Together
Stance

(The) V Stance
(The) Bound Stance
(Placing the balls of both feet out at 45.
Heels remain together. Your feet are in a V
position. Your knees are straight and instead
of being locked are in a natural relaxed
position. Used when standing at attention.)

Japanese Term
Heik Dachi
Pronunciation Hay Koh Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Parallel Rows Stance

(The) Parallel Stance
(Your feet are one foot length apart or even
better, feet should be placed at about shoulder
distance. Knees are straight and instead of
being locked are in a naturally relaxed
position.)


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Names of Stances Used in Gjry Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term
Soto Dachi
Pronunciation Soh Toh Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Outside of,
Outward, Away (from)
Stance

(The) Outward Stance

(Starting from the Heik Dachi [Parallel Stance]
Lift the ball of the feet and place your toes 45
outward (this stance is traditionally called Soto
Hachi Monji Dachi). Your knees again are straight
and instead of being locked are in a natural relaxed
position.)

Japanese Term
Uchi Dachi
Pronunciation Uu Chee Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Inside of, Within,
Inward, In Toward
Stance

(The) Inside Stance

(Traditionally called Uchi Hachi Monji Dachi, this
stance is further moved out with the heels but deeper
past a parallel stance [heels spread out 45]. The
front of the feet are turned 45 inward.)

Japanese Term
Shiko Dachi
Pronunciation Shee Koh Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Literally
Four Thighs
(In Reference to the
Quadriceps Muscles
of the Thighs)
Stance

(The) Horse Stance or
Straddle Leg Stance

(In the standard Shiko Dachi in this posture, the
upper legs (thigh area) are bent far past 45 and
showing a strong and deep stance.The knees should
be directly above the feet and the back should be
slightly arched but straight and the hips should be
pushed back into a sitting position. In Shiko Dachi
the feet are pointed slightly outward to 45.) .

Japanese Term
Sanchin Dachi
Pronunciation Sahn Cheen Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Three Battles

(The Battle of Mastery
between the Mind,
Body and Spirit)
Stance

(The) Immovable Stance

(The root and substance to Gjry, the stance absorbs
energy from the ground up and into your body and using
its energy to your advantage, not just gripping and
holding onto the floor. Starting from Heiko Dachi, place
the right foot one-foot length ahead of the spot it was at
(right heel just on the imaginary line that its toe ended
at). Turn the right heel out 45, next bring the right foot
back a bit until the heel rests on the same horizontal line
as the toes of the left foot. While grabbing the ground
with the feet in a twisting out motion, the knees should be
slightly bent inward as to protect the groin area from
attack; the buttocks pushed forward, the inside and
outside of the thighs tightened. Your center of gravity is
located at the point midway between both feet.)

(18)

Center.

Japanese Term
Zenkutsu Dachi
Pronunciation Zen Koo Tsoo Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Front Bend, Lean Stance

(The) Forward Leaning Stance
or Front Stance

(One of the strongest stances, with the center of
gravity being midway between both feet. One way to
achieve this position is to start from Shiko Dachi.
Turn the right leg straight, without raising the head
level, square the hips and shoulders into a linear
posture with the left leg that will be considered the
front. Bend the left knee so as the front foot cannot
be seen if looking down, all the while keeping the
right leg (back leg) straight. Keep the back
sustained in a straight position perpendicular to the
floor. The front foot should be turned slightly
inward. Be careful not to place too much weight on
the front foot, and the front foot and back foot are
not on the same imaginary line they are about four
foot lengths in distance apart, and about shoulder
width.)

Japanese Term
Kkutsu Dachi
Pronunciation Koh Koo Tsoo Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Rear Bend, Lean Stance

(The) Rear Leaning Stance
or Back Stance

(This stance begins directly from Zenkutsu Dachi.
From this position, turn to the right 90 [as in
Sanseiru] on the balls of both feet. Both feet should
now be facing to the right of the original direction
however the head stays turned in the direction it was
originally. Kkutsu Dachi is also the name of a
back stance more often found in the Shotokan style
however is performed completely different..)

Japanese Term
Han Zenkutsu Dachi
Pronunciation Hahn Zen Koo Tsoo Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Half Front Bend, Lean Stance

(The) Half-Forward
Leaning Stance
or Half-Front Stance

(Begins from Heiko Dachi. Step out with the
right side, Te Obi between one half the
distance and one footstep less than Zenkutsu
Dachi. This position is close to the same
posture of Zenkutsu Dach . Leg tension shall
remain the same as shall back and hip
position.)


(19)

Center.

Japanese Term
Neko Ashi Dachi
Pronunciation NehKoh Ah Shee Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Cat Foot Stance

(The) Cat Foot Stance

( Neko Ashi Dachi is the essential fighting stance
of Gjry, being one of the two major stances
[the other being Sanchin Dachi] . Place the right
exactly one-foot length forward. Then lift the
heel of the front foot off of the ground, and
bending the knee of the front leg. Bending the
back leg, push the hips back as if to sit down in a
chair. 70% to 80% of your weight should be
distributed on the back leg while 20% to 30%
remains on the front. From the side and front
view, this posture resembles that of a cat in
combat or of a person sitting in a chair thats not
there.)

Japanese Term
Moto Dachi
Pronunciation Moh Toh Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Basis, Foundation,
Source, Root, Origin
Stance

(The) Base Stance
or Rooted Stance

(This stance has the foot placement similar to Neko
Ashi Dachi, but with both feet flat on the ground.)

Japanese Term
Ti Ji Dachi
Pronunciation Tee Jee Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)
T
T Letter, Character
(The Letter T)
Stance

(The) Inverted T Stance

(This stance is in the posture of an inverted T.
From Heisoku Dachi place the left foot horizontally
behind the right foot so as the heel of the right foot
is in the center of the left foot [a 90 angle]. )

Japanese Term
Ksa Dachi
Pronunciation Koh Sah Dah Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Intersection, Crossing Stance

(The) Cross-Leg Stance
or Twist Stance

(Used for turning in many items from Kihon Ido
to Advanced Kata. The front of your left knee will
be fitted into the back of your right knee.)

(20)

Center.

Names of Blocks Used in Gjry Karate
Japanese Term
Uke
Pronunciation Uu Keh Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)
or
Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed (to), Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)
(a) Block
(of a strike, kick, etc.)

Japanese Term
Uke Waza
Pronunciation Uu Keh Wah Zah
Kanji Character(s)

Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a Blow,
Block, Sustain (a hit)
Technique, Craft,
Skill, Feat,
Performance
Blocking Techniques

Blocking Skills

Japanese Term
Age Uke
Pronunciation Ah Geh Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Raising, Upward,
Rising
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a
Blow, Block, Sustain
(a hit)
Upward Block

Rising Block

Japanese Term
Jdan Uke
Pronunciation Joh Dahn Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Upper Level
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a
(a hit)
Upper Level Block


(21)

Center.

Names of Blocks Used in Gjry Karate ( Continued )
Japanese Term
Yoko Uke
Pronunciation Yoh Koh Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Side, Flank, Horizontal
Direction
Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be
Exposed (to), Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a Blow, Block,
Sustain (a hit)
Middle Block

Side Block

Sideways Block

Japanese Term
Chdan Uke
Pronunciation Chew Dahn Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Middle Level
Sustain (a hit)
Middle Block

Mid-Level Block

Japanese Term
Chdan Soto Uke
Pronunciation Chew Dahn Soto Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Middle Level Outer
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Middle Outside-In Block

Japanese Term
Chdan Uchi Uke
Pronunciation Chew Dahn Uu Chee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Middle Level Inside
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Middle Inside-Out Block


(22)

Center.

Japanese Term
Gedan Barai
Pronunciation Geh Dahn Bah Rah Ee
Kanji Character(s)

Bottom, Lower Level
Sweep Out of the Way, Clear
Out, Wipe Off, Brush Off,
Drive Away, Wield Sideways
Lower Sweeping Block

Japanese Term
Harai Otoshi Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Hah Rai Oh Toh Shee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Sweep Out
of the Way,
Clear Out,
Wipe Off,
Brush Off,
Drive Away,
Wield
Sideways
Dropping,
Going Downward
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be
Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a
Blow, Block,
Sustain (a hit)
Dropping Circular Block

Descending Sweeping
Block

Japanese Term
Soto Uke
Pronunciation Soh Toh Uuo Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Outside of,
Outward, Away (from)
Sustain (a hit)
Outside Block

Outside Forearm Block

Japanese Term
Uchi Uke
Pronunciation Uu Chee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Inside of, Within,
Inward, In Toward
Sustain (a hit)
Inside Block

Inside Forearm Block


(23)

Center.

Japanese Term
Shut Uke
Pronunciation Shoo Toh Oo Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Hand Knife
Sustain (a hit)
Knife Hand Block

Japanese Term
Shut Jdan Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Shoo Toh Jyoh Dahn Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Hand Knife
Up, Upper,
Upward, Top
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a
(a hit)
Upper Knife Hand Block

Japanese Term
Shut Gedan Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Shoo Toh Geh Dahn Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Hand Knife
Down, Lower
Level
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a
(a hit)
Lower Knife Hand Block

Japanese Term
Omote Kote Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Oh Moh Teh Koh Teh Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Surface, Exterior Forearm
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a
(a hit)
Outer Forearm Block


(24)

Center.

Japanese Term
Sh Tei Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Shoh Tei Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Rule,
Administer,
Conduct
Bottom,
Base, Sole
Sustain (a hit)
Palm Heel Block

Heel of the Palm Block

Japanese Term
Sh Tei Jdan Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Shoh Teh Ee Jyoh Dahn Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Rule, Bottom
Administer, Base
Conduct Sole
Up, Upper,
Upward, Top
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Upper Palm Block

Japanese Term
Sh Tei Chdan Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Shoh Teh Ee Chew Dahn Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Rule, Bottom
Administer, Base
Conduct Sole
Middle, Mid-Level
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Middle Palm Block

Japanese Term
Sh Tei Otoshi Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Shoh Teh Ee Oh Toh Shee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Rule, Bottom
Administer, Base
Conduct Sole
Dropping,
Going Downward
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be
Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a
(a hit)
Open Hand
Dropping Block


(25)

Center.

Japanese Term
Ko Ken Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Koh Ken Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Arc, Arch Fist
Sustain (a hit)
Arch Fist Block
Or
Chicken Wrist Block

(Note: Sometimes this is just called
Ko-Uke[Wrist Block], without using
the Fist [Ken] character)

Japanese Term
Hai T Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation High Toh Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Back, Back
Side, Ridge
Sword,
Saber, Knife
Sustain (a hit)
Ridgehand Block

(Using the portion of the hand between the
knuckles of the index finger to the web of
the thumb; not to be confused with
Shuto, the outer edge of the hand along
the little finger and outer palm)

Japanese Term
Jdan Jji Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Jyoh Dahn Jyuu Jee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Up, Upper,
Upward, Top
Cross, X-Shape
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Upper Cross Block

Japanese Term
Gedan Jji Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Geh Dahn Jyuu Jee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Down, Lower Level Cross, X-Shape
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Lower Cross Block


(26)

Center.

Japanese Term
Hiki Uke
Pronunciation Hee Kee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Pulling; Influence,
Draw, Jerk, Drag,
Lead, Haul, Tug
Receive, Catch, Undergo,
Be Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Pulling/Grasping Block

Japanese Term
Hiji Uke
Pronunciation Hee Jee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

The Elbow
Be Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Elbow Block

Japanese Term
Hiji Uchi Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Hee Jee Uu Chee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original Meaning(s)
of the Kanji
Characters
The Elbow Hit, Strike, Blow
Sustain (a hit)
Elbow Strike Block

Japanese Term
Hiza Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Hee Zah Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Kanji Characters
The Knee
or Lap
Be Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Knee Block


(27)

Center.

Japanese Term
Sune Uke
Pronunciation Suu Neh Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Kanji Characters
The Shin,
The Lower Front
of the Leg
Be Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Shin Block

Japanese Term
Yumi Uke
Pronunciation Yoo Mee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Kanji Characters
Bow (for shooting
Arrows),Bow-Shape
Be Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Bow Block

Japanese Term
Soku Tei Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Soh Koo Teh Ee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
The Foot, Feet
Bottom, Base,
Sole
Be Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Sole of the Foot Block

(Note: In some Karate Glossaries,
the first two characters Soku and
Tei are sometimes reversed in
order to read as Tei Soku Uke)

Japanese Term
Chdan Uchi Uke Gedan Barai
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Chew Dahn Uu Chee Uu Keh Geh Dahn Bah Rah Ee
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of
the Kanji
Characters
Middle,
Mid-Level
Inside,
Inward
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be
Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Stop or Parry
a Blow, Block,
Sustain (a hit)
Bottom,
Lower
Level
Sweep Out of
the Way,
Clear Out,
Wipe Off,
Brush Off,
Drive Away,
Wield
Sideways
Middle Inside-out
Block & Lower
Sweeping Block


(28)

Center.

Japanese Term
Gedan Uchi Barai
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Geh Dahn Uu Chee Bah Rah Ee
Kanji Character(s)

Bottom,
Lower
Level
Inside,
Inward
Sweep Out of the
Way, Clear Out,
Wipe Off, Brush Off,
Drive Away, Wield
Sideways
Outside downward block
(open hand)

Japanese Term
Sune Uke
Pronunciation Suu Neh Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

The Shin,
The Lower Front
of the Leg
Be Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Shin Block

Japanese Term
Ura Uke
Pronunciation Uu Rah Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

The Back,
The Reverse Side
Be Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Backhand Block

Japanese Term
Mawashi Uke
Pronunciation Mah Wah Shee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

To Rotate,
Go Around
Be Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Roundhouse Block


(29)

Center.

Japanese Term
Moro Te Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Moh Roh Teh Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)


A Set,
A Pair
Hands
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Augmented (Two-
Hand) Block

(Note: the two characters
for Morote are also
pronounced Sshu,
meaning Both Hands)

Japanese Term
Sukui Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Soo Koo Ee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)


Scoop; Scooping
Be Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Scoop Block

Scooping Block

Japanese Term
Nagashi Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Nah Gah Shee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)


Dashing, Shedding, Washing
Away, Flowing, Swaying
Be Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Sweeping Block

Japanese Term
Ksa Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Koh Sah Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Intersection, Crossing
Be Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Cross Block
(Arms crossed at the wrist)


(30)

Center.
Japanese Term
Soku Tei Osae Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Soh Koo Teh Ee Oh Sah Eh Uu Keh
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
The Foot, Feet
Bottom, Base,
Sole
Hold Down, Press
Down, Suppress
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a
(a hit)
Pressing Block with
the Sole of the Foot

( Using the sole of the foot
to press down hard
against the attacker's
ankle, as in a yoko geri. )

Japanese Term
Soku Tei Harai Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Soh Koo Teh Ee Hah Rah Ee Uu Keh
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
The Foot, Feet
Bottom, Base,
Sole
Sweep Out of the
Way, Clear Out,
Wipe Off, Brush
Off, Drive Away,
Wield Sideways
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a
(a hit)
Sole of the Foot
Block

(Foot swung from
outside to inside)

Japanese Term
Hai Soku Barai Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation High Soh Koo Bah Rah Ee Uu Keh
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Back, Back
Side, Ridge
The Foot,
Feet
Sweep Out of the
Way, Clear Out,
Wipe Off, Brush
Off, Drive Away,
Wield Sideways
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a
(a hit)
Instep Block

(Foot swung from
inside to outside)

Japanese Term
Otoshi Uke
Pronunciation Oh Toh Shee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Kanji Characters
Dropping, Descending,
Going Downward
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be
Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a
(a hit)
Dropping Block
Or
Descending Block


(31)

Center.

Japanese Term
Kake Uke
Pronunciation Kah Keh Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Kanji Characters
To Hang On, Trap,
Hang up, Play Against,
Put On, Hook onto,
Catch onto, Snag
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be
Exposed (to),
Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a
(a hit)
Hook Block
or
Hooking Block

Japanese Term
Uchi Yoko Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Uu Chee Yoh Koh Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Inside,
Inward
Side,
Sideways
Receive, Catch,
Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Inside Forearm Block

Japanese Term
Tettsui Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Teh Tsoo Ee Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original Meaning(s)
of the Kanji
Characters
Iron, Hammer
Steel Mallet
Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness, Stop or Parry a
Blow, Block, Sustain (a hit)
Hammerfist Block

Japanese Term
Osae Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Oh Sah Eh Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original Meaning(s)
of the Kanji
Characters
Hold Down, Press Down,
Suppress
Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed
(to), Preparedness,
Stop or Parry a Blow, Block, Sustain
(a hit)
Pressing Block


(32)

Center.


Japanese Term
Kuri Uke
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Koo Ree Uu Keh
Kanji Character(s)

Original Meaning(s)
of the Kanji
Characters
Reel, Wind, Spin, Turn
Receive, Catch, Undergo, Be Exposed (to),
Preparedness, Stop or Parry a Blow, Block,
Sustain (a hit)
Inside-Out Circular
Elbow Block

Japanese Term
Tora Guchi
Pronunciation Toh Rah Goo Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Original Meaning(s)
of the Kanji
Characters
Tiger Mouth, Maw

Two-Hand Roundhouse Block

Double open hand circular block with palm heel
strike

(Tora guchi is very common technique in Okinawan-style
karate, with roots from Chinese style fighting arts. It is
always performed in neko-ashi dachi (cat stance). Point here
is to use your hands in close distance confrontation to block
and then strike or grab the opponents throat and testicles.
This is very effective response in close distance.)


(33)

Center.

Names of Strikes Used in Gjry Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term
K Geki Waza
Pronunciation Koh Geh Kee Wah Zah
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Attack, Assault,
Offensive
Destroy,
Conquer,
to Defeat
Technique, Craft,
Ability, Feat, Skill,
Performance

Striking Techniques

(NOTE: The nuance of the word kogeki is not
simply to attack but rather to crush, cut
down, or destroy in a devastating way.)

Japanese Term
Tsuki Waza
Pronunciation Tsoo Kee Wah Zah
Kanji Character(s)

Kanji Characters
Thrust, Punch, Strike
Against, Poke, Stab,
Knock
Technique, Craft,
Performance

Punching Techniques

Japanese Term
Sei Ken Tsuki
Pronunciation Say Ken Tsoo Kee
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Straight On,
Straightforward,
Exactness,
Correct, Proper,
Fist
Knock

Squared Fist Strike
Full, Regular Fist Strike

Japanese Term
Shita Tsuki
Pronunciation Sh Ta Tsoo Kee
Kanji Character(s)

Kanji Characters
Down
Knock

Upside-Down Punch
Or Reverse Strike

(Striking fist remains palm up. When contact is made
your knuckles should, in a whip like motion, push up and
into the opponents diaphragm then pull back down
and out.)

Japanese Term
Hai T Tsuki
Pronunciation High Toh Tsoo Kee
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Back, Back
Side, Ridge
Sword,
Saber, Knife
Knock

Open Ridge Hand Strike, with
palm facing down
(Using the portion of the hand between the
knuckles of the index finger to the web of the
thumb; not to be confused with Shuto, the
outer edge of the hand along the little finger
and outer palm)

(34)

Center.

Japanese Term
Ura Ken
Pronunciation Uu Rah Ken
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
The Back,
The Reverse Side
Fist

Back Fist (Strike)

( NOTE: Also referred to as
Ura Uchi[] or Back Strike )

Japanese Term
Shu T Tsuki
Pronunciation Shoo Toh Tsoo Kee
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
The Hand
Sword,
Saber, Knife
Knock

Sword Hand Strike or
Knifehand Strike

(Palm facing up, with the striking surface
being the outside edge of the hand)

Japanese Term
Furi Uchi
Pronunciation Foo Rhee Uu Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Wave, Shake,
Wag, Swing
Hit, Strike, Beat, Knock,
Smite, Pound in, Punch

Swinging Strike or
Whiplike Strike

(Using the back of the knuckle as
the striking point. )

Japanese Term
Tettsui Uchi
Pronunciation Teh Tsoo Ee Uu Chee
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Iron, Hammer
Steel Mallet
Hit, Strike, Beat, Knock,
Smite, Pound in, Punch

Hammer Strike

(Resembling swinging a hammer, this closed fist
technique is executed using the fleshy side of the fist
as the striking point.)

Japanese Term
Ippon Ken
Pronunciation Eeppohn Ken
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
One Cylindrical
Object
(Finger)
Fist

One Knuckle Fist

(A fist with one knuckle[the first knuckle] extended
beyond the others of the fist.)

(35)

Center.


Japanese Term
Ippon Ken Naka Daka
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Eeppohn Ken Nah Kah Dah Kah
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
One Cylindrical
Object
(Finger)
Fist
Middle High
(i.e., Extended Higher
in the Middle)

Middle Knuckle Fist

(A fist with one middle knuckle
extended beyond the others
of the fist.)

Japanese Term
Nuki Te
Pronunciation Noo Kee Teh
Kanji Character(s)

Penetrate, Perforate,
Shoot Through, Pierce,
Braced
Hand(s)

Spearhand Strike

(The sharp strike of the fingers extended into the soft body
parts of your opponent)

Japanese Term
Ippon Nuki Te
Pronunciation Eep pohn Noo Kee Teh
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
One Cylindrical
Object
(Finger)
Penetrate,
Perforate, Shoot
Through, Pierce,
Braced
Hand(s)

Single Finger Spearhand Strike

(The sharp strike using only one finger
extended into the soft body parts of your
opponent)

Japanese Term
Nihon Nuki Te
Pronunciation Ni Hohn Noo Kee Teh
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Two Cylindrical
Object(s)
(Fingers)
Penetrate,
Perforate, Shoot
Through, Pierce,
Braced
Hand(s)

Two-Finger Strike

(The sharp strike using only two fingers
extended into the eyes of your opponent)


(36)

Center.


Japanese Term
Ura Ken Mawashi Uchi
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Uu Rah Ken Mah Wah Shee Oo Chee
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of
the Kanji
Characters
The Back,
The Reverse
Side
Fist
To Rotate,
Go Around
Hit, Strike, Beat,
Knock, Smite,
Pound in, Punch

Flailing Reverse Punch

Japanese Term
Ura Tei Ago Uchi
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Uu Rah Teh Ee Ah Goh Oo Chee
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of
the Kanji
Characters
The Back,
The Reverse
Side
Bottom,
Base, Sole
Chin, Jaw
Hit, Strike, Beat,
Knock, Smite,
Pound in, Punch

Palm Strike to the Jaw

Japanese Term
Hiji Yoko Uchi
Pronunciation Hee Jee Yoh Koh Oo Chee
Kanji Character(s)

The Elbow
Side,
Sideways
Hit, Strike, Beat,
Knock, Smite,
Pound in, Punch

Side Elbow Strike


(37)

Center.
Names of Kicks Used in Gjry Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term
Geri
Pronunciation Geh Ree Geh Ree
Kanji Character(s)
or
Original Meaning(s)
of the Kanji
Characters
To Kick

Kick(s)

Kicking

Japanese Term
Mae Geri
Pronunciation Mah Eh Geh Ree
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Front, Forward To Kick

Front Kick

(Toes are pointed up and the ball of the foot
is used as the contact point)

Japanese Term
Gedan Geri
Pronunciation Geh Dahn Geh Ree
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Lower,
Groin-Level
To Kick

Groin Kick

(NOTE: Also referred as Kin Geri
or Kogen Geri. The foot and the toes
are pointed straight to the ground as the
knee and leg are brought up for the kick.)

Japanese Term
Soto Geri
Pronunciation Soh Toh Geh Ree
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Outer, Outside To Kick

Outside Kick
Outer Reap Kick

Japanese Term
Yoko Geri
Pronunciation Yoh Koh Geh Ree
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Side, Sideways To Kick

Side Snap Kick

(38)

Center.
Names of Kicks Used in Gjry Karate ( Continued )

Japanese Term
Mawashi Geri
Pronunciation Mah Wah Shee Geh Ree
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
To Rotate,
Go Around
To Kick

Roundhouse Kick
or
Crescent Kick

Japanese Term
Kansetsu Geri
Pronunciation Kahn Seh Tsoo Geh Ree
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Joint
(like the knee,
elbow, etc.)
To Kick

Stomping (Knee) Joint Kick

Japanese Term
Sokut Geri
Pronunciation Soh Koo Toh Geh Ree
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Foot Blade
The Outer Edge
of the Foot
To Kick

Blade Edge Kick

(The snap kick that strikes with
the outer edge of the foot )

Japanese Term
Ushiro Geri
Pronunciation Oo Shee Roh Geh Ree
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Back, Backward,
Behind
To Kick

Back Kick
Backward Kick


(39)

Center.

Names of Kata Used in Gjry Karate
Japanese Term
Kata
Pronunciation KahTah
Kanji Character(s)

Set Form or Format,
Set Pattern, Particular Style, Model, Type

NOTE: It is interesting to know that the
upper portion of the character ( or Kei )
means punishment. As it is placed over
the other character for ground, earth or
Soil ( or Doh ), this combined meaning
connotes an image of strictly imposed
standards, physically demanding practice,
or physically punishing routines performed
outside on the ground.

A set pattern or sequence
of defensive and offensive
movements and techniques,
performed alone against
imaginary opponents

Japanese Term
Tai Kyoku
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Tie Kyoh Kuu
Kanji Character(s)

(From the Tai character
in Tai Chi Chuan)

Large, Big, Fat, Noble,
Burly, Deep, Thick, Great,
Grand, Primary,
Upper (First)
The Poles, Polar, Polarity,
Highest Rank, Extremity,
Reach an Extreme, The
Acme or Height (of
Something), Exceedingly,
Very
First Course
Beginner Series
Main Grounding
Maximum
The Absolute
The Great Supporting
Pillar

Japanese Term
Geki Sai
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Geh Kee Sigh
Kanji Character(s)

Attack, Defeat, Conquer,
Destroy
Break, Smash, Crush,
Pulverize, Crumble
To Attack & Destroy

Smash and Crash

( The Gekisai katas are geared to
destroying the attackers body.)


(40)

Center.

Names of Kata Used in Gjry Karate (Continued)
Japanese Term
Sai Fa
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Sigh Fah
Kanji Character(s)

Break, Smash, Crush,
Pulverize, Crumble
Tear, Rip, Rend,
Frustrate, Defeat, Crush,
Destroy, Burst, Rupture,
Breakdown, Wear Out.

To Smash and
Tear to Pieces

( The first of the classical
combative Kata. Kanryo Higaonna
Sensei was taught this Kata, along
with the other Kata of Goju-Ryu,
while he studied in China)

Japanese Term
San Chin
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Sahn Cheen
Kanji Character(s)

Three
Battle
or Conflict

(The) Three Battles

(Sanchin is seen as the corner stone of
Gjry Karate, representing a quest
of mastery over Mind, Body and Spirit
[thus the three battles]. Sanchin
requires control of both internal and
external mechanisms, breath control,
muscle control, etc.)

Japanese Term
Sei Yun Chin
Pronunciation Say Yoon Cheen
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Control,
Regulation,
Suppress,
Restrain,
Hold Back,
Limit
Pull, Draw, Tug,
Haul, Jerk, Drag,
Bend, Catch
Battle
or Conflict

Control, Suppress
and Pull

Grasping, Pulling and
Unbalancing

(The name Seiyunchin implies the use of techniques
to off balance, throw and grapple. Seiyunchin
contains close-quartered striking, sweeps, take-
downs and throws, but no kicking techniques.)


(41)

Center.

Japanese Term
Shi So Chin
Pronunciation Shee Soh Cheen
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Four Direction
Battle
or Conflict

Four Directions of Conflict

To Destroy in Four Directions

(Shisochin means "battle in four directions".
It is of Chinese origin, taught to Kanryo
Higaonna by RyuRyuko in China. It employs
joint locking and close-quarter fighting.
Favored by Miyagi Sensei in his later years,
Shisochin also translates as "Four Gates of
Conflict". The idea of four directions can
come from the performance of the four shotei
in four directions. It can also represent the
four elements represented in Chinese medicine
(Acupuncture is one) of Wood, Fire, Metal
and Water with man representing Earth. .)

Japanese Term
San Se Ru
Pronunciation Sahn Sheh Roo
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Three Ten Six = Thirty Six (36)

(Note: The pronunciation Sanseru is
actually closer to the original Chinese
language pronunciation than Japanese.
In Japanese, this would normally be
pronounced as Sanjyuroku)

(Literally) Thirty Six

(The) 36 Hands or Movements

(This kata employs many entry, joint attacks and defenses
against kicking. An explanation of this and the other
numerically named Kata is that they refer to a systematic
method and understanding of certain groupings of vital
acupressure points.
It is this science that the martial arts was based upon and
developed. Feng Yiquan, who lived during the Ming
Dynasty (1522-1567) developed this particular method
of using variations of "36" forbidden points to defeat his
opponents.)

Japanese Term
Se Pai
Pronunciation Seh Pie
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Ten Eight = Eighteen (18)

(Note: The pronunciation Sepai is
pronounced as Jyuhachi)

(Literally) Eighteen


(This kata uses many movements that require coordination
between the hips and hands, with many varied techniques.)


(42)

Center.

Japanese Term
Ku Ru Run Fa
Pronunciation Koo Roo Roon Fah
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Long
Hold,
remain,
stay
behind,
detain
Sudden,
Abrupt
Tear, Rip,
Rend,
Frustrate,
Defeat,
Crush,
Destroy,
Burst,
Rupture,
Breakdown,
Wear Out.

Holding on Long and
Striking Suddenly

Holding Your Ground

(This kata employs a great deal of
neko-ashi movements and close-quarter evasive
fighting techniques. Kururunfa epitomizes the
ideals of Go-"hard and Ju-"soft". Stance
transitions are quick and explosive while the
hands techniques are employed using
"muchimi" or a heavy, sticky movement. The 4
kanji for "Kururunfa" suggest a strategy of a
reception to an attack, a sense of "sucking" the
attack in, perhaps to invite an over-extension of
the attack, and then suddenly and abruptly, with
devastating effect, destroy the opponent with
your own counter strike.)

Japanese Term
Sei San
Pronunciation Say Sahn
Kanji Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Ten Three = Thirteen (13)

(Note: The pronunciation Seisan is
pronounced as Jyusan)

(Literally) Thirteen


(Seisan is believed to be the oldest of all Okinawan Goju-
Ryu Kata, and demonstrates the difference between Go
(Hard) and Ju (Soft).)

Japanese Term
Su Pa Rin Pei
Pronunciation Suu Pah Reen Pay
Kanji Character(s)

One Hundred Fog Eight (8)
Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Again, Chinese-style pronunciation of the characters is used
here, rather than the Japanese pronunciation

108 Hands or Movements

(The most advanced kata in Gjry Karate, it
contains the greatest number of intricate
techniques and variations. It is also known by
the older name of Pitchurrin.)


(43)

Center.

Japanese Term
Ten Sho
Pronunciation Tehn Sho
Kanji Character(s)

Rotate, Turn,
Remove, Change,
Roll Over, Shift,
Transfer
Palm of the
Hand, Hollow
of the Hand,
to Rule,
to Administer,
to Conduct

Turning Palms
Rotating Palms

(The second "heishu" kata in Goju-Ryu, Tensho is
derived from the Chinese form "Rokkishu". Unlike
Sanchin, which is almost identical to its Chinese
counterpart, Tensho is uniquely Okinawan. From his
understanding of the Kata of Goju-Ryu and the "nature
of man", Miyagi Sensei developed Tensho to further
complete his Goju-Ryu system where Sanchin left
off. Tensho has many of the same principles of Sanchin
but goes further to include more intricate concepts of
the techniques of Goju-Ryu.)

Miscellaneous Terms
Japanese Term
Ji Y Kumi Te
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Jee Yuu Koo Mee Teh
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Oneself; Means;
Itself Way; Intent
Freedom, Liberty
To Cross, Unite
with, Grapple
with, Braid
Together
Hand or Hands
Freestyle Sparring

Freestyle Fighting

Japanese Term
Yakusoku Kumi Te
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation YahKoo SohKoo Koo Mee Teh
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Promise; Agreement
To Cross, Unite
with, Grapple
with, Braid
Together
Hand or Hands
Pre-Arranged Sparring


(44)

Center.

Miscellaneous Terms ( Continued )
Japanese Term
Taoshi Waza
Pronunciation Tah Oh Shee Wah Zah
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Fall, Collapse, Drop,
Succumb, Bring down,
Throw down, Knock down,
Trip up, Defeat, Overthrow
Technique, Craft,
Performance
Take-Down Techniques

Japanese Term
Nage Waza
Pronunciation Nah Geh Wah Zah
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Throw, Pitch, Heave, Toss,
Hurl, Throw Away,
Technique, Craft,
Performance
Throwing Techniques

Japanese Term
Ne Waza
Pronunciation Neh Wah Zah
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Lying Down, Prostrated,
Sprawl, Sleeping
Technique, Craft,
Performance
Ground Techniques

Japanese Term
Gyaku Waza
Pronunciation GeeYahKoo Wah Zah
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Reverse, Inverse, Opposite,
Traitorous, Act Contrary to
Contrariwise, Visa-Versa
Technique, Craft,
Performance
Reversal Techniques

Reversing Techniques


(45)

Center.

Japanese Term
Koky H
Pronunciation Koh KeeYuu Hoh
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Breathe/Breathing,
Respiration
Method, Law, Rule,
Principle, Technique
Methods of Breathing

Japanese Term
Heik (or) Kink
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Hay Koh Keen Koh
Kanji
Character(s)
(or)
Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Level, Scale, To Level, Scale,
Peaceful Measuring Rod To Average Measuring Rod

Either Term Means: Balance or Equilibrium

Balance

Japanese Term
Bu Shi D
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION(S)
Pronunciation Boo Shee Doh
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of
the Kanji
Characters
Military Arts,
Chivalry, Military
Power,
Military Glory
Samurai, Man,
Gentleman,
Scholar
Way, Path, Road,
Journey, Teachings,
Course, Duty,
Morality
The Way of the Warrior

The Warriors Way

The Samurai Code of
Chivalry

Japanese Term
Hissh
Pronunciation Hees Shoh
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Certainly, Win, Victory
Positively, Prevail, Surpass
Invariably
Certain Victory

Certain Success


(46)

Center.

Japanese Term
Yoke
Pronunciation Yoh Keh
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Avoid, Avert, Keep Aloof From, Stay Away
From, Evade, Shirk, Shun
(a) Dodge

Evade

Japanese Term
Aite
Pronunciation Eye Teh
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Each Other, Hand(s)
Fellow,
Together
(Your) Opponent/Adversary

The Other Party

(Ones) Partner/Companion

Japanese Term
Shime
Pronunciation Shee Meh
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Strangle, Constrict, Wring,
Squeeze, Close Tight
(a) Choke (hold)

Shimeru = (to) Choke (Someone)

Japanese Term
Mamori
Pronunciation Mah Moh Ree
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Protect, Guard, Defense
(a) Defense

(ones) Guard

Mamoru = (to) Defend (Yourself)


(47)

Center.

Japanese Term
Teki
Pronunciation Teh Kee
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Enem,; Rival, Opponent
(ones) Enemy

Japanese Term
Tatakai
Pronunciation Tah Tah Kah Ee
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Battle, Struggle, Fight, Skirmish
(a) Fight

Japanese Term
Kumiuchi
Pronunciation Koo Mee Uu Chee
Kanji
Character(s)
Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Grapple or Struggle (with)
Grappling

Japanese Term
Osaekomi
Pronunciation Oh Sah Eh Koh Mee
Kanji
Character(s)
Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Press Down, Hold Down Into, Towards, Load
Suppress
(a) Hold (as in wrestling, etc.)

Osaekomu = (to) Hold


(48)

Center.
Japanese Term
Makiwara
Pronunciation Mah Kee Wah Rah
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Roll up , Straw
Wind up,
Bind Up,
A Roll,
A Bundle
(a) Punching Board

(Literally, a Bundle of Tightly Packed
Straw used as a target for striking practice)

Japanese Term
Mushin
Pronunciation Muu Sheen
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
None Heart, Mind
Absence (of)
(having) No Thought

(having) No Emotion

Japanese Term
Kamiza
Pronunciation Kah Mee Zah
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Upper Seat
Superior
Top
Highest

The Seat of Honor

The Kamiza is found at the head of the mat or workout area. The
Kamiza can be as simple as a picture the founders (Such as
Higaonna Sensei, Miyagi Sensei, Yamaguchi Sensei, etc.), or it can
be an elaborate shrine. The Kamiza is not merely a decoration. It is a
gentle reminder of the source of our art. When a Karateka is at the
dojo there are several times when he or she will face the Kamiza and
bow. The bow is a sign of respect to the Founders, and to thank them
for what they have passed down to us. The Karateka will bow to the
Kamiza when entering the dojo, when stepping onto the mat, at the
beginning of class, at the end of class, when stepping off the mat, and
when leaving the dojo.

Japanese Term
Shiai
Pronunciation Shee Eye
Kanji
Character(s)

Original
Meaning(s) of the
Kanji Characters
Testing, Meet, Join Together,
Trial, Match With, Mix,
Ordeal Combine
Sparring Match

Sparring Tournament

Contest Game


(49)

Center.
Primary Schools of Japanese Martial Arts
Aikid
Aikikai
Shdkan
Tomiki-ryu
Yshinkan
Aikijuujutsu, Aikibujutsu
Dait-ryu
Iaid
Jd
Kdkan
Jjutsu
Ssuishitsu-ryu
Hakk-ryu
Kobujutsu
Karated
Gj-ryu
Isshin-ryu
Kyokushinkai
Seidkai
Shit-ryu
Shreikan
Shrinji-ryu
Shotokan
Uechi-ryu
Wad-ryu
Kend
Shingend
Kenp
Shrinji
Kyd
Naginatad
Ninjutsu, Ninp, Taijutsu
Bujinkan
Genbukan
Jinenkan
Ninjuukai
Iga-ryu
Yabusame

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