TIEMPO

(Simple)
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PRESENTE
SIMPLE


Afirmativa:
Subject + present conjugation of verb
I play tennis on Mondays.

Negativa
Subject + DO not + base form of verb
They don't work in New York.

Pregunta
(Wh?)+do+subject+base form of verb ?
Does she know him?



Acciones habituales
Opiniones y estados de mente
Situaciones permanentes o de larga
duracin. Hechos y verdades generales
Sentimientos
Horarios y programas
Expresiones de tiempo presentes
comunes: usually, always, often,
sometimes, on Saturdays, at weekends,
rarely, on occasion, never, seldom.



I usually get up at 7 o'clock.
I think he is a wonderful student.
She lives in New York.
The Earth goes around the Sun.
I love walking around late at night.
The plane leaves at 4 p.m.
She doesn't often go to the cinema.






PASADO
SIMPLE

Afirmativa
S+V in past (regular, irregular):
She went to Paris last week.
Negativa
Subject + DID not + root of the verb.
They didn't drive to work.
Pregunta
(Wh?) did + subject + root of the verb?
Where did she get that hat?


Acciones acabadas que ocurren en un
momento definido en el pasado.
Con la palabra ago
Para expresar acciones cortas y
consecutivas Cuando hay dos acciones
simultneas, una de ellas suele ser ms
corta (simple) e interrumpe a la accin ms
larga (continuo).
I went to Paris last year

He stopped drinking alcohol 3 years ago.
I fell down and someone helped me.
The light went out (short action) while
we were having dinner (long action)




FUTURO
SIMPLE

Afirm.: Subject+ WILL+ base form of verb +
object(s)
I will meet you at the airport tomorrow.
Negat: Subject+ will + not base form of verb +
object(s)
He will not be able to come.
Pregunta: (Wh?) + will + S + infinitive of verb?
Will they visit us soon?

Decisiones espontneas tomadas en el
momento sobre el futuro. Predicciones
futuras (sin evidencias)
Promesas futuras, ofrecimientos, ayudas
y sugerencias.
That's difficult! I'll help you with the
problem.
She won't win the game.

Will you marry me?
Ill make you a sandwich

TIEMPO
(Continuo)
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PRESENTE
CONTINUO
Afirmativa:
Subject + verb be (AM / IS / ARE) in
present + verb ing
He's working at the moment.

Negativa
Subj.+ V. be in present+ not+ Ving
They aren't coming this evening.

Pregunta
(Wh?) verb be in present+subj. verbing?
What are you doing?

Accin que ocurre en el momento
presente
Planes futuros inmediatos,
acuerdos Acciones montonas y
molestas.
Expresiones de tiempo presente
continuo comunes como: at the
moment, now, today, this
week, this month, tomorrow, next
week (for future arrangements),
currently

I am working until 21h this week.


She isn't coming on Friday.
You are always laughing at me!


What are you doing?
She's studying hard for her final exam






PASADO
CONTINUO
Afirm.: S+V be in past (WAS/WERE) + verb-
ing. I was watching TV

Negativa: S+V be in past + not + verb- ing:
He wasn't working

Pregunta:(Wh?) + V+ be in past +S +V- ing?:
What were you doing?


Acciones en progreso (en realizacin)
en un momento pasado.

Acciones largas e inacabadas

Queja y monotona en el pasado.


At midnight we were driving
home.

Yesterday I was studying very
hard all day.

He was always telling boring
jokes



FUTURO
CONTINUO
Afirmativa: Subject + will + be + verb-ing
I'll be cooking dinner when you arrive.

Negativa: Subject + will + not + be + verb-ing
They won't be living in Paris this time next
year.
Pregunta: (Wh?) + will + subject + be + verb-ing?
What will you be doing next week at this
time?


Para expresar que estamos muy seguros
de que algo ocurrir tal y como se ha
planeado.


Next Friday at this time
I will be travelling to London.


TIEMPO
(Perfecto Continuo)
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PRESENTE
PERFECTO
CONTINUO
Afirmativa: S+have/has+been+V-ing
Ive been living in Melilla for 30 years

Negat.: S+have/has+not+been+V-ing
He hasnt been studying for long.

Preg.: (Wh?)+Have/has+S+been+V-ing?
How long have you been working on that
problem?
Para expresar la duracin de una
actividad continua comenzada en el
pasado y continuando en el presente.

En expresiones espaolas como:
Llevo dos meses estudiando.
Excepcin:
Esta maana me he levantado a las 900h
I have been waiting for the bus for a
long time.
I have been studying for two months.
I got up at 9 oclock this morning.


PASADO
PERFECTO
CONTINUO
Afirmativa: Subject + HAD + BEEN + verb-ing
Shed been waiting for 3 hours when he
finally arrived.
Negativa: Subject + had + not + been + verb-ing
I hadn't been sleeping for long when I heard the
doorbell ring
Pregunta: (Wh?) Had + subject + been + verb-ing?
How long had you been playing tennis when
she arrived?


Para expresar la duracin de una
actividad continua comenzada antes de
otra actividad pasada.



We had been waiting for hours
when the train finally arrived.







FUTURO
PERFECTO
CONTINUO


Afirmativa: Subject + will + have + been + verb-ing
He'll have been sleeping for a few hours by the time we arrive.


Negativa: Subject + will + not + have + been + verb-ing
She won't have been working for long by 5 o'clock.


Pregunta: (Wh?) + will + subject + have + been + verb -ing?
How long will you have been driving by 6 o'clock?









Para expresar la duracin de una actividad hasta un
punto de tiempo en el futuro.



TIEMPO
(Perfecto)
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PRESENTE
PERFECTO


Afirm: S+have/has+V_participle
I have seen Mick three times this week.

Negat: S+have/has+not+V-participle
She has not been to New York.

Preg:(Wh?) Have/has+S+V-participle?
How long have you worked at Smith's?

Para expresar una accin que comenz en el
pasado y termina, continua o tiene cualquier
tipo de relacin con el presente.
Cuando no decimos exactamente cundo
una accin ocurri, normalmente con
expresiones tales como: yet, always, never,
ever, just, already.

I have been here for two hours
They have sold more than a million
snowboards since 1991.

The postman hasnt come yet.


I have not seen you for a week.
I have just got home.





PASADO
PERFECTO

Afirmativa: Subject + HAD + participle
I had already eaten before they came.

Negativa: Subject + had + not + participle
She hadn't been to Rome before that trip.

Pregunta: (Wh?) Had + subject + participle?
Had you ever seen such a crazy lady before that?




Para expresar una accin que ocurre
antes de otra accin en el pasado.




She had cooked the lunch (1
st
action) before she went to work (2
nd
action)







FUTURO
PERFECTO



Afirmativa: Subject + will + have + verb-participle
We'll have lived here for twenty years by 2005.

Negativa: Subject + will + not + have + participle
She won't have finished her homework by the time we arrive.

Pregunta: (Wh?) + will + subject + have + participle?
How long will you have lived in France by the end of next year?






Para expresar qu habr ocurrido o durante cunto
tiempo algo habr ocurrido hasta un cierto punto
en el tiempo.









FUTURO CON
BE GOING TO


Afirm.: S+to be+going to+base form of verb+object(s)
He's going to fly to Boston next week.

Negativa: S+to be+not+going to+base form of verb+obj.
They're not going to invite the Browns.

Pregunta: ( Wh?)+ to be+S+ going to+base form of verb?
Where are you going to stay?




Decisiones planeadas, hechas antes
del momento de habla.
Predicciones futuras con evidencias
Intenciones futuras

I'm going to study Languages at
university next year.

Look at those clouds. It's going to
rain.

I'm going to be a policeman when I
grow up.



VERBOS ESTTICOS: verbos que nunca o rara vez se usan en formas continuas.

Estados emocionales y mentales: Percepcin: Comunicacin: Otros estados:

Believe prefer

appear agree be involve
dislike realize seem disagree belong lack
doubt recognize see deny concern matter
feel remember / forget hear astonish consist owe
Guess suppose smell impress contain own
Hate think taste mean cost possess
hope understand sound please depend
Imagine want promise deserve
know wish satisfy fit
like surprise include
love
need