Acids and Bases Test Year 10

ACIDS And BASES TEST year 10
1. Small pieces of the metals copper, magnesium, nickel and zinc were placed in test tubes containing
small quantities of hydrochloric acid. The following results were observed.
copper
magnesium
nickel
zinc
(a) Use the observations from above to complete the following reactivity series.
1. ....................................................................................................................... most reactive
2. ...................................................................................................................................................
3. ...........................................................................................................................................................
4. ...........................................................................................................................least reactive [2]
(b) (i) What is the name of the gas produced in the above reactions?
...................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Describe the test and result you would use to identify this gas.
....................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) The reaction between the metals and the hydrochloric acid also produces a chemical compound known as
a salt.
(i) What is the name of the salt formed in the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid?
.................................................................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii) What type of bonding is present in this salt?
.....................................................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) This salt is a solid at room temperature. Explain why a salt has a high melting and boiling point.
..............................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................. [2]
2. The table below shows the colours of various indicators at different pH values.
indicator
colour 1
pH
colour 2
pH
bromophenol blue
yellow
blue
4.5
phenolphthalein
methyl orange
thymol blue
colourless
red
yellow
8
3
6
pink
yellow
blue
10
4.5
7.5
Hydrochloric acid has a pH of 1.0 and ethanoic acid has a pH of 5.0

Ammonia solution has a pH of 10.0 and sodium hydroxide has a pH of 12.5
Complete the table below to show colours of the indicators in the solution. [4]
indicator
solution
Colour
bromophenol blue
hydrochloric acid
phenolphthalein
ethanoic acid
methyl orange
ammonia solution
thymol blue
sodium hydroxide
(a) (i) Name one indicator which turns the same colour in both ethanoic acid and sodium hydroxide
.......................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) Which two indicators turn the same colour in hydrochloric acid?
.....................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(2)
3 .The pH of chemicals found around the home may be tested using universal indicator pH paper. Some
typical results are shown below.
(a) Answer the following questions using the above information.

(i) What is the pH of oven cleaner?
......................................................................................................................................................................... 1]
(ii) Which is the most acidic solution?
.........................................................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) What would be the pH of a neutral solution?
........................................................................................................................................................................ [1]
(b) Vinegar was also tested using pH paper and found to have a pH of 4.1. What colour did the pH paper
become?
........................................................................................................................................................................ [1]
(c) When a wasp stings someone its injects a liquid in the person's skin. An old fashioned remedy for wasp
stings is to rub vinegar on them.
(i) Suggest the pH of the liquid which wasps inject into the skin.
.........................................................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) What name is given to the reaction which happens between this liquid and the vinegar?
.........................................................................................................................................................................1]
(iii) Name the colourless, tasteless liquid that is produced in this reaction.
.................................................................................................................................................................. [1]
4. (a) In an experiment ammonia solution, an alkali, was added to nitric acid.
(i) What is the name of apparatus A?

......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) What is the name of the reaction when the acid reacts with the alkali?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) What is the pH when just enough ammonia solution is added to react with all the nitric acid?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) (i) What is the ion which is present in any solution of acid?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) What is the ion which is present in any solution of alkali?
......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]
(iii) Write the simplest ionic equation which represents the above reaction.
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]

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ACIDS And BASES TEST year 10

Hydrochloric acid has a pH of 1.0 and ethanoic acid has a pH of 5.0

(a) Answer the following questions using the above information.

(i) What is the name of apparatus A?

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