Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline Based Conducting Polymers
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline Based Conducting Polymers
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline Based Conducting Polymers
ISSN
ISSN 2229-760X
0976-5727 (Print)
ISSN 2319-7625
2319-8133 (Online)
Abbr:
Abbr:J.Comp.&Math.Sci.
J. Chem. & Cheml. Sci.
2014,
Vol.5(1):
Pg.1- 4
2014,
Vol.4
(2): Pg.90-97
Research Student,
Government Vidarbha Institute of Science and Humanities,
Amaravati, M. S., INDIA.
2
Reader,
Government Vidarbha Institute of Science and Humanities,
Amaravati, M. S., INDIA.
(Received on: April 4, 2014)
ABSTRACT
Present work deals with the synthesis of Polyaniline, polynitro
aniline, poly m-toludine and poly o-toludine polymers by
chemical oxidation method using ammonium per sulfate as
chemical oxidant. The yield of all polymers was higher than
90%.The synthesized polymeric material have been characterized
by FTIR spectroscopy. FTIR and SEM studies of polymer show
the structural and slight morphological changes with change in
substituent in monomer units.
Keywords: Polyaniline, polynitro aniline, poly m-toludine, poly
o-toludine, ammonium per sulfate.
INTRODUCTION
The conducting polymers were
emerged as materials of current research
worldwide. The conducting polymers have
mechanical parameters of polymers as well
as electrical properties of semiconductors.
Among the various conducting polymers
polyaniline and its derivatives are
intensively studied, because of their good
Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Vol. 4, Issue 2, 30 April, 2014 Pages (70-117)
91
M. B. Wasu, et al., J. Chem. & Cheml. Sci. Vol.4 (2), 90-97 (2014)
Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Vol. 4, Issue 2, 30 April, 2014 Pages (70-117)
92
M. B. Wasu, et al., J. Chem. & Cheml. Sci. Vol.4 (2), 90-97 (2014)
100
80
Transmittance
[%]
60
657.54
1040.73 861.94755.90
40
846.06738.79
3265.42
1238.11
1363.40
1623.08
20
726.69
1207.77
1297.89
1444.51
694.63
1173.16
1582.67
1413.97
1548.41
3500
3000
2500
2000
Wavenumber cm-1
1500
1000
500
Fig.1
100
877.27
941.16
90
514.96
692.29569.19
439.76
2918.21
810.42
3027.83
3182.82
1005.08
80
Transmittance
[%]
615.91
1037.91
70
1153.98
1230.48
1301.61
1402.06
1108.43
60
1595.29
1493.66
50
3500
3000
2500
2000
Wavenumber cm-1
1500
1000
Fig.2
Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Vol. 4, Issue 2, 30 April, 2014 Pages (70-117)
500
93
M. B. Wasu, et al., J. Chem. & Cheml. Sci. Vol.4 (2), 90-97 (2014)
100
2855.99
3022.22
2950.38
80
568.82
941.79
750.85
3355.33
Transmittance [%]
440.41
879.84
2917.33
1035.87
60
1004.16
40
810.76
1376.68
1155.33
1242.39
1305.60
20
1110.97
1596.43
1496.16
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
Wavenumber cm-1
Fig.3
100
99
753.71
1904.02 1707.42
814.97
519.26
428.22
615.25
98
2853.55
569.13
Transmittance
[%]
97
3420.8
2923.29
1382.45
1302.51
96
1212.08
1025.75
95
1156.48
1465.73
94
1597.19
1105.59
1495.51
93
3500
3000
2500
2000
Wavenumber cm-1
1500
1000
Fig.4
Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Vol. 4, Issue 2, 30 April, 2014 Pages (70-117)
500
M. B. Wasu, et al., J. Chem. & Cheml. Sci. Vol.4 (2), 90-97 (2014)
Fig.5,6
Fig.7,8
Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Vol. 4, Issue 2, 30 April, 2014 Pages (70-117)
94
95
M. B. Wasu, et al., J. Chem. & Cheml. Sci. Vol.4 (2), 90-97 (2014)
quinoid-benzenoid-quinoid
ring.
C-H
stretching vibrations in benzenoid ring
vibration mode. Peak at 1110 cm-1 is
assigned to methyl substituted benzenoid
and quinoid
ring. 940,879,750 cm-1
corresponds to C.
Fig.1 shows FTIR spectra of polyaniline.
As is shown from the fig. 3265 cm-1
corrospond to then N-H stretching mode of
secondary amine. 1600-1450cm-1this region
is aggigned for for N-H deformation,
Aromatic ring breathing, C=N stretching. 1,4
substituted benzene ring may give
absorption at 1600-1580 cm-1.The peaks at
1582 cm-1and 1548 cm-1 is assigned to the
benzenoid and quinoid form of PANI
backbone.19,201400-1200cm-1is C-N stretching region for aromatic amines. 1200-500
cm-1 is the region for in plane and out of
plane bending of C-H in aromatic ring.
Peak at 1302 cm-1 is assigned to C-N
oscillations in benzene ring. The peak at
1173 cm-1 corresponds to C-H in plane
oscillations.
Fig. 2 shows the FTIR spectra of mtoludine. The broad band observed in spectra
at 3182 cm-1 is assigned to N-H stretching
mode. The characteristic band at 2918 cm-1
show Vibrations of CH3 group. The peak at
1595 cm-1 and 1493 cm-1are assigned to the
stretching vibrations of benzenoid and
quinoid ring. The peak appearing at 1402
cm-1 indicates the symmetric deformation of
-CH3 group. 1301 cm-1 and 1230 cm1
.crroesponds to the C-N vibration. The peak
at 1153 cm-1 is assigned to C-H stretching of
benzenoid ring. The 1108 cm-1peak is
assigned to C-C stretching vibrations of
methyl substituted benzenoid and quinoid
structure. The prominent peaks at
Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Vol. 4, Issue 2, 30 April, 2014 Pages (70-117)
M. B. Wasu, et al., J. Chem. & Cheml. Sci. Vol.4 (2), 90-97 (2014)
Characterization of synthesized
polymers was also carried out using
scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All
electron micrographs were obtained from the
powdered form of polymers. SEM
micrograph of polymers in base form gives a
smooth and homogeneous appearance. SEM
images
shows
the
differences
in
morphologies of the polymers.
CONCLUSION
PANI based polymers have been
successfully synthesized by using chemical
oxidation method.SEM images shows the
amorphous nature of polymers. FTIR spectra
obtained in the work are in agreement with
FTIR characterization reported in the
literature and comparison with standards23.
So FTIR spectra confirm the formation of
Polyaniline,
Poly m-toludine, Poly otoludine, polynitroaniline. Results shows
that Poly o-toludine and Poly m-toludine
N-H stretching bands become more broad
indicatingthe extensive h-bonding between
the polymeric strands.SEM studies shows
that smooth and homogeneous morphology
with slight differences due to nature and
position of group in monomer. Further
studies in progress is focused on the doping
of lanthanide metals in these synthesized
polymers and effect of doping on their
conductivity.
Acknowledgement- Authors are thankful to
the Chemical analysis lab, SAIF, IIT,
Bombay for extending FTIR and SEM
facilities.
REFERENCES
1. Z. Hau. J Shi L.Zhang, M. Rcan. Adv.
Matter, 14,830 (2002).
96
Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Vol. 4, Issue 2, 30 April, 2014 Pages (70-117)
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M. B. Wasu, et al., J. Chem. & Cheml. Sci. Vol.4 (2), 90-97 (2014)
Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Vol. 4, Issue 2, 30 April, 2014 Pages (70-117)