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    Lab 1: SDOF Spring-Mass Systems: Objective

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    Tyranid hunter
    This lab experiment aims to verify the theoretical single degree of freedom (SDOF) spring-mass model through experimentation. Students will determine the natural frequency of vibration for various masses attached to a spring and aluminum bar to compare to theoretical calculations. Procedures include measuring the spring constant, timing oscillations to find natural frequency, and calculating values while accounting for the mass of the spring and bar. Results are analyzed to assess whether the spring/bar mass can be neglected and ways to improve the experiment and mathematical model.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lab 1: SDOF Spring-Mass Systems: Objective

    Uploaded by

    Tyranid hunter
    38 views5 pages
    This lab experiment aims to verify the theoretical single degree of freedom (SDOF) spring-mass model through experimentation. Students will determine the natural frequency of vibration for various masses attached to a spring and aluminum bar to compare to theoretical calculations. Procedures include measuring the spring constant, timing oscillations to find natural frequency, and calculating values while accounting for the mass of the spring and bar. Results are analyzed to assess whether the spring/bar mass can be neglected and ways to improve the experiment and mathematical model.

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    a lab for continuing education

    Original Title

    MECH257Lab1

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    This lab experiment aims to verify the theoretical single degree of freedom (SDOF) spring-mass model through experimentation. Students will determine the natural frequency of vibration for various masses attached to a spring and aluminum bar to compare to theoretical calculations. Procedures include measuring the spring constant, timing oscillations to find natural frequency, and calculating values while accounting for the mass of the spring and bar. Results are analyzed to assess whether the spring/bar mass can be neglected and ways to improve the experiment and mathematical model.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    38 views5 pages

    Lab 1: SDOF Spring-Mass Systems: Objective

    Uploaded by

    Tyranid hunter
    This lab experiment aims to verify the theoretical single degree of freedom (SDOF) spring-mass model through experimentation. Students will determine the natural frequency of vibration for various masses attached to a spring and aluminum bar to compare to theoretical calculations. Procedures include measuring the spring constant, timing oscillations to find natural frequency, and calculating values while accounting for the mass of the spring and bar. Results are analyzed to assess whether the spring/bar mass can be neglected and ways to improve the experiment and mathematical model.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    MECH 257: Mechanics of Vibrations

    Lab 1: SDOF Spring-Mass Systems


    Objective
    The objective of this experiment is to verify our SDOF spring-mass model using an
    actual spring of stiffness k connected to a known mass m. We will experimentally
    determine the natural frequency n of vibration to compare with the theoretical value for
    various masses.

    Theory
    As in class, we consider the SDOF spring-mass system shown below, where we define a
    displacement coordinate x(t) referenced from the equilibrium position of the mass m.

    The governing equation of motion can be derived from Newtons second law, where we
    obtain (neglecting any energy dissipation, called damping)

    m&x& + kx = 0.

    (1)

    The general solution to Eq. (1) is a sinusoidal function,

    x(t ) = A1 cos(nt ) + A2 sin (nt )


    x(t ) = A sin (nt + )

    (2)

    MECH 257: Mechanics of Vibrations

    where

    n =

    k
    m

    (3)

    is called the system natural frequency of vibration, A is the amplitude of


    vibration, and is called the phase angle.

    Procedure
    1. You are given a spring. Using a static deflection test, determine the spring
    constant k by completing the following table.
    UNDEFLECTED SPRING LENGTH

    l = ___________________________
    Suspended Mass
    m [kg]

    Suspended Weight
    W [N]

    [m]

    Spring Deflection
    [m]

    Spring Stiffness
    k [N/m]

    AVERAGE SPRING STIFFNESS

    k = ___________________________

    [N/m]

    MECH 257: Mechanics of Vibrations

    2. Using a stopwatch, time the period of five complete oscillations (i.e. the mass
    starts in a low position, moves up to the high position and back a total of five
    times) for several different masses. Complete the following table.
    Mass
    m [kg]

    Period for
    5 Complete
    Oscillations
    T5 [s]

    Period for
    One
    Complete
    Oscillation
    T =T5 / 5 [s]

    Experimental
    Natural
    Frequency
    2
    =
    [rad/s]
    T

    Theoretical
    Percent
    Natural
    Difference
    [%]
    Frequency
    k
    n =
    [rad/s]
    m

    3. Now try including the effect of the spring mass ms, by modifying Eq. (3) as

    n =

    k
    m + (ms / 3)

    Determine the spring mass

    ms = Ws / g = ___________________________

    [kg]

    and complete the following table by using the results from the previous table in
    the first two columns.

    MECH 257: Mechanics of Vibrations

    Mass
    m [kg]

    4.

    Experimental
    Natural
    Frequency
    2
    [rad/s]
    =
    T

    Theoretical Natural
    Frequency
    k
    n =
    [rad/s]
    m + (m s / 3)

    Percent
    Difference
    [%]

    Now repeat the experiment for the transverse vibration of an aluminum bar fixed
    at one end with a mass m attached to the free end, having an equivalent spring
    stiffness of

    3EI Ebh3
    keq = 3 =
    l
    4l 3

    (4)

    where I = bh3/12, E is the elastic modulus of the material, b is the bar thickness, h
    is the bar height, and l is the bar length, so that if we include the mass of the bar,

    n =

    keq
    m + (ms / 3)

    Take E = 69109 N/m2 as the modulus of elasticity for the beam material, and
    measure all other required dimensions.

    (5)

    MECH 257: Mechanics of Vibrations

    Ebh3
    keq =
    = __________________________
    3
    4l
    ms = Ws / g = ___________________________
    Mass
    m [kg]

    Period for
    5 Complete
    Oscillations
    T5 [s]

    Period for
    One
    Complete
    Oscillation
    T =T5 / 5
    [s]

    Experimental
    Natural
    Frequency
    2
    =
    [rad/s]
    T

    [N/m]
    [kg]

    Theoretical
    Natural
    Frequency
    k eq
    n =
    m + (m s / 3)
    [rad/s]

    Percent
    Difference
    [%]

    Questions
    1. From your results, can the mass of the spring reasonably be neglected when
    determining the system natural frequency? Why or why not?
    2. Is there any way in which you could suggest to modify this experiment to obtain
    more realistic results?
    3. Is there any way in which you could suggest to modify our mathematical model to
    better match our experimental results?

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