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    University of Cambridge International Examinations General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level

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    osamagillani
    paper 1 winter 12

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    University of Cambridge International Examinations General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level

    Uploaded by

    osamagillani
    48 views4 pages
    paper 1 winter 12

    Original Title

    2059_w12_qp_1

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    paper 1 winter 12

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    48 views4 pages

    University of Cambridge International Examinations General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level

    Uploaded by

    osamagillani
    paper 1 winter 12

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS


    General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level

    2059/01

    PAKISTAN STUDIES
    Paper 1 History and Culture of Pakistan

    October/November 2012
    1 hour 30 minutes

    Additional Materials:

    Answer Booklet/Paper

    * 8 9 5 7 6 2 9 1 9 7 *

    READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST


    If you have been given an Answer Booklet, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet.
    Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
    Write in dark blue or black pen.
    You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or rough working.
    Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
    Answer any three questions.
    At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
    The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

    This document consists of 3 printed pages and 1 blank page.


    DC (NH) 41138/3
    UCLES 2012

    [Turn over

    2
    1

    Read the source below carefully to answer question (a).


    Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was determined to improve the status of Muslims. He had a desire to
    re-establish good relations with the British which, he hoped, would lead to greater opportunities for
    Muslims. He also believed that Muslims should have good relations with Hindus. However, he was
    concerned about the Hindu-Urdu Controversy.
    (a) Describe the Hindu-Urdu Controversy.

    [4]

    (b) Why did the Indian sub-continent attract the British in the early seventeenth century?

    [7]

    (c) How successful was Indian resistance to British attempts to take control of lands in the
    sub-continent between 1750 and 1850? Explain your answer.
    [14]

    Read the source below carefully to answer question (a).


    Language is extremely important in the development of any nation. A common language helps
    to build a shared understanding of what a nation believes in. Urdu became the national language
    of Pakistan but, due to the diversity of languages and culture across the country, many regional
    languages have been promoted by the government. One of these is Punjabi.
    (a) How has the Pakistan government promoted the development of Punjabi?

    [4]

    (b) Why was Bengal partitioned in 1905?

    [7]

    (c) The Lucknow Pact of 1916 was the most important attempt by either the Muslims, Hindus
    or the British government in seeking a solution to the problems in the sub-continent between
    1909 and 1919. Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
    [14]

    Read the source below carefully to answer question (a).


    The Khilafat Movement started because of the treatment of Turkey by the British after the First
    World War. Turkey was a Muslim country, and its ruler, the Sultan, was considered to be the
    Khalifa, the head of the worldwide Islamic community. When the British threatened to take territory
    away from the Khalifa, the Muslims of India were outraged and formed the Khilafat Movement to
    protect the Sultan and their religion. One of the events that took place during this Movement was
    the Chauri-Chaura incident.
    (a) Describe the Chauri-Chaura incident.

    [4]

    (b) Why was there so much opposition to the Government of India Act of 1935?

    [7]

    (c) The declaration of the Day of Deliverance in 1939 was Muhammad Ali Jinnahs greatest
    achievement in the years 1929 to 1947. Do you agree? Explain your answer.
    [14]

    UCLES 2012

    2059/01/O/N/12

    3
    4

    Read the source below carefully to answer question (a).


    On 14 August 1947, Quaid-e-Azam was sworn in as Governor-General of Pakistan. He declared
    that Pakistan has come to exist for ever, but the new nation faced many problems before it could
    feel secure. The leaders of India had accepted the partition of the sub-continent in the expectation
    that Pakistan would not be able to survive. This was a challenge for the Quaid. He had to establish
    the country and hold it together, despite the many problems it faced. One of these was the refugee
    problem.
    (a) Describe the refugee problem.

    [4]

    (b) Why was Martial Law declared by Ayub Khan in 1958?

    [7]

    (c) How successful was Pakistans relationship with the USSR between 1947 and 1999? Explain
    your answer.
    [14]

    Read the source below carefully to answer question (a).


    In December 1971, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto became President and Chief Martial Law Administrator. His
    party had an overwhelming majority in the National Assembly and he was determined to introduce
    radical measures to bring about changes in Pakistan. He established a constitution and introduced
    a range of domestic measures relating to industry, agriculture, education and administrative, health
    and social reforms. However, he was unable to stay in power and fell from office before the end of
    the decade.
    (a) Describe Bhuttos downfall from power.

    [4]

    (b) Why did Benazir Bhutto fall from office for a second time in 1996?

    [7]

    (c) Economic reforms were the most important of Zia-ul-Haqs domestic policies between 1977
    and 1988. Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
    [14]

    UCLES 2012

    2059/01/O/N/12

    4
    BLANK PAGE

    Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
    reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
    publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
    University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
    Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

    UCLES 2012

    2059/01/O/N/12

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