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    Ammianus Marcellinus Jewish Encyclopedia

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    This document provides background information on the Ammonites from the Bible. It discusses their origin as descendants of Lot, their close familial relationship to the Israelites and Moabites, and their territory which bordered Israel and extended from the Jabbok River to the land of Gad. While related, the Hebrews held contempt for the Ammonites and excluded them from religious assemblies due to the Ammonites unjustly claiming land that belonged to Israelite tribes.

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    Ammianus Marcellinus Jewish Encyclopedia

    Uploaded by

    ygursey
    26 views1 page
    This document provides background information on the Ammonites from the Bible. It discusses their origin as descendants of Lot, their close familial relationship to the Israelites and Moabites, and their territory which bordered Israel and extended from the Jabbok River to the land of Gad. While related, the Hebrews held contempt for the Ammonites and excluded them from religious assemblies due to the Ammonites unjustly claiming land that belonged to Israelite tribes.

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    This document provides background information on the Ammonites from the Bible. It discusses their origin as descendants of Lot, their close familial relationship to the Israelites and Moabites, and their territory which bordered Israel and extended from the Jabbok River to the land of Gad. While related, the Hebrews held contempt for the Ammonites and excluded them from religious assemblies due to the Ammonites unjustly claiming land that belonged to Israelite tribes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    26 views1 page

    Ammianus Marcellinus Jewish Encyclopedia

    Uploaded by

    ygursey
    This document provides background information on the Ammonites from the Bible. It discusses their origin as descendants of Lot, their close familial relationship to the Israelites and Moabites, and their territory which bordered Israel and extended from the Jabbok River to the land of Gad. While related, the Hebrews held contempt for the Ammonites and excluded them from religious assemblies due to the Ammonites unjustly claiming land that belonged to Israelite tribes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    623

    THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA

    Ammi
    Ammon

    Following are some specimens of R. Ammi's exAMMIHUR. See AMMIHTJD (4).


    egetics: Commenting on Lam. iii. 41, "Let us lift
    AMMINADAB ("My Kinsman Has Given
    up our heart with our hands unto God in the
    "; compare the names Abi-nadab, Ahi-nadab,
    heavens," he observes, "No man's prayer is heard Freely
    Jeho-nadab, and Kammush-nadab. See also Schraof heaven, unless he carry his soul in the hands der,
    "Cuneiform Inscriptions and the Old Testawhich he raises in prayer." " The prayer for rain is
    p. 281; and see 'AMM, 'AMMI): 1. The father
    granted only for the sake of the men of faith." In ment,"
    of
    Aaron's
    wife Elisheba (Ex. vi. 23) and of Nahsupport of this remark, Ammi, by means of an ex- shon, the " head
    of the tribe of Judah " (Num. i. 7, ii.
    egetical substitution of synonymous Hebrew words, 3). Also the name
    of certain Levites (I Chron. vi.
    quotes the verse (Ps. lxxxv. 11), "When Faith 7, xv. 10). 2. The name of a king of the Ammonites
    springeth forth from the earth, Beneficence looketh in the time of Ashurbanipal (Delitzsch, "Wo Lag
    down from heaven" (Ta'anit, Sa). In Moses' desig- das Paradies? " p. 294).
    C. C. T.
    nation of Israel as " a stiff-necked people" (Ex. xxxiv.
    9), Ammi sees not so much a reproach as a praise of
    AMMISHADDAI ("Shaddai is My Kinsman";
    its firmness in religion, even in the face of persecu- compare SIIADDAI, and the names Zurishaddai, Shetion: "The Jew would either live as a Jew or die deur, and perhaps Absadai [Lidzbarski, " Handbuch
    on the cross " (Ex. R. xiii.). According to R. Ammi, der Nordsem. Epigraphik," p. 206]; also AMMI-EL,
    death is the consequence of sin, and suffering the Ammi-baal, etc. See 'AMM, 'AMMI): Name of the
    penalty of wrongdoing; the first observation he de- father of the Danite Ahiezer, in Num. i. 12, ii. 25,
    rives from the Scriptural saying (Ezek. xviii. 4)," The etc. Gray, " Hebrew Proper Names," pp. 194 et seq.,
    soul that sinneth, it shall die "; the second from Ps. 245, pronounces the name a late and artificial formalxxxix. 33, " I will visit their transgressions with the tion.
    C. C. T.
    rod (of chastisement), and their iniquity with stripes "
    (Shab. 55a, Eccl. R. on v. 4).
    AMMON", AMMONITES Biblical Data: A
    nation in eastern Palestine. As to their origin from
    BIBLIOGRAPHY: Gratz, Gesch. d. Juden, 2d ed., lv. 300-307;
    Frankel, Mepn, p. 63a; Weiss, Dor, iii. 96; Bacher, Ag. Pal.
    Lot, compare Gen. xix. 38, in which
    Derivation " Ben-ammi" (son of my paternal uncle;
    Amor. ii. 143-173.
    S. M.
    Rela- that is, of my nearest relative) is paroAMMIANTJS MARCELlilNTJS : Roman his- and
    tionship. nomasia, not etymology. It is possible
    torian ; born at Antioch, Syria, about 320; died about
    that Ammon is derived from the name
    395. He wrote a history of Rome, from Nerva to of a tribal divinity.
    Valens, iu which the Jews are mentioned in Books
    to the pedigree given in Gen. xix. 37-38,
    XIV. ch. viii.; XXII. eh. v.; XXIII. ch. i.; XXIV. theAccording
    Ammonites were nearly related to the Israelites
    ch. iv. It is interesting to note that from the pas- and
    still more closely to their neighbors in the south,
    sage xxii. 5, 4, 5, the legend of the "fcetor judai- the Moabites.
    This is fully confirmed by the fact
    cus " or evil smell of the Jews which was so widely that all names of
    Ammonitish persons show a pure
    believed in during the Middle Ages, took its origin. Canaanitish character.
    But the above passage indiReinach does not share the view of Joel ("Blicke in cates also the contempt and
    for the Ammonites
    die Religionsgeschiclite," ii. 131) and Loeb ("Rev. felt by the Hebrews (Deut. hatred
    xxiii. 4), even to the exEt. Juives," xx. 52) that the word "fcetentium" is clusion of their progeny from
    assembly of the
    a mistake of a copyist for "petentium." In xxiii. Lord (contrast Deut. ii. 19, 37,the
    in which the con1, 2, 3, we have the only pagan account of the un- sciousness of relationship seems to
    be at the root of
    successful attempt of the Jews under the emperor the regard shown to Ammon).
    Julian to rebuild the Temple; all the other authoriThe borders of the Ammonite territory are not
    ties being church fathers (M. Adler, in "Jew. Quart. clearly
    defined in the Bible. In Judges, xi. 13, the
    Rev." v. 617).
    claim of the king of Ammon, who demands of the
    BIBLIOGRAPHY: Th. Beinach, Textes d'Auteurs Grecset Israelites
    Borestoration of the land "from Amon
    maim Beiatifs au Judalsme, pp. 351-355, Paris, 1895. even untothe
    Jabbok and unto Jordan," is mentioned
    H. R.G.
    as an unjust claim (xi. 15), inasmuch as the IsAMMIEL (" El is My Kinsman," or " My Kinsman only
    raelitish part of this tract had been conquered from
    is God "; compare ELIAM) : A name of the following the Amorites whom the Moabites had, in part, prepersons in the Old Testament: 1. A Danite (Num. ceded ; while in Judges, xi. 22 it is stated that the
    xiii. 12). 2. Father of Machir, of Lodebar (II Sam. Israelites had possession " from the wilderness even
    ix. 4 et seq., xvii. 27). 3. Father of David's wife, unto Jordan," and that they laid a claim to territory
    Bathsheba ("Bathshua") (I Chron. iii. 5; compare beyond this, so as to leave no room for Ammon.
    II Sam. xi. 3). 4. A doorkeeper (I Chron. xxvi. 5). Num. xxi. 24 describes the Hebrew conquest (comFor the meaning of the element Ammi, compare pare Judges, xi. 19) as having reached " even unto
    names Abi-el, [A] hi-el, Eli-am,'Ammi-baal; and see the children of Ammon, for the border of the children
    'AMM, AMMI.
    C. C. T.
    of Ammon was Jazer" (read the last word, with
    AMMIHUD : 1. Father of Elishama.the chief of Septuagint, as "Jazer," instead of '"az," strong,
    Ephraim in the second year after the exodus (Num. A. V.; compare Judges, xi. 32). Josh. xiii. 25, dei. 10, ii. 18); appears also in the genealogical list of fines the frontier of the tribe of Gad as being "Jazer
    Ephraim (I Chron. vii. 20). 2. Father of Shemuel, . . . and half the land of the children of Ammon."
    who was to represent the tribe of Simeon in the di- The latter statement can be reconciled with Num.
    vision of the land and assist Eleazar and Joshua in xxi. 24 (Deut. ii. 19, 37) only by assuming that the
    the work (Num. xxxiv. 20). 3. Father of Pedahel, northern part of Sihon's Amorite kingdom had for
    the representative of Naphtali under the same cir- merly been Ammonite. This explains, in part, the
    cumstances as the father of Shemuel (Num. xxxiv. claim mentioned above (Judges, xi. 13). According
    28). 4. Father of Talmai, the king of Geshur, father- to Deut. ii. 37, the region along the river Jabbok and
    in-law of King David, with whom Absalom took ref- the cities of the hill-country formed the border-line
    uge after he had killed Amnon (II Sam. xiii. 37). The of Israel.
    variant reading here is Ammihur. 5. Son of Omri,
    In Judges, xi. 33, a portion of the land of Ammon
    a Judean living in Jerusalem (I Chron. ix. 4).
    is mentioned. It extended from Aroer to Minnith,
    including twenty cities, and must have been an
    G. B. L.

    i\

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