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    Alkali Metal and Halogens Worksheet

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    eeenus
    Alkali metals are group one elements. These are lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and caesium. They are highly reactive with water and atmospheric oxygen. Alkali metals are stored under oil due their high reactivity. They have low densities. They have low boiling points which decrease gradually down the group. They react with water forming a gas called hydrogen. Halogens are the group 7 elements. The elements are fluorine chlorine, bromine, iodine. The elements change from gas to solid going from fluorine to astatine. The intensity of the colours of these elements increase down the group. Some of the questions in this worksheet are: 1. (a) Complete the table above. (b) What is the colour trend down the group? (c) What is the colour of the vapour (gas) formed on heating (i) bromine (ii) iodine 2. (a) What is the group trend in melting and boiling point down the group with increase in atomic number? (b) How does the trend affect their physical state as you go down the group with increase in atomic number? 3. The halogens are made up of of diatomic molecules. What does this mean? 4. What is the charge on the halide ion? Quote the symbol of the ion from chlorine. Explain why it has that particular charge? 5. Explain the trend in the reactivity of halogens in terms of the atomic structure. 6. Write one use for each of the following. Fluorine: Chlorine: Bromine

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    Alkali Metal and Halogens Worksheet

    Uploaded by

    eeenus
    1K views2 pages
    Alkali metals are group one elements. These are lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and caesium. They are highly reactive with water and atmospheric oxygen. Alkali metals are stored under oil due their high reactivity. They have low densities. They have low boiling points which decrease gradually down the group. They react with water forming a gas called hydrogen. Halogens are the group 7 elements. The elements are fluorine chlorine, bromine, iodine. The elements change from gas to solid going from fluorine to astatine. The intensity of the colours of these elements increase down the group. Some of the questions in this worksheet are: 1. (a) Complete the table above. (b) What is the colour trend down the group? (c) What is the colour of the vapour (gas) formed on heating (i) bromine (ii) iodine 2. (a) What is the group trend in melting and boiling point down the group with increase in atomic number? (b) How does the trend affect their physical state as you go down the group with increase in atomic number? 3. The halogens are made up of of diatomic molecules. What does this mean? 4. What is the charge on the halide ion? Quote the symbol of the ion from chlorine. Explain why it has that particular charge? 5. Explain the trend in the reactivity of halogens in terms of the atomic structure. 6. Write one use for each of the following. Fluorine: Chlorine: Bromine

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    Alkali metals are group one elements. These are lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and caesium. They are highly reactive with water and atmospheric oxygen. Alkali metals are stored under oil due their high reactivity. They have low densities. They have low boiling points which decrease gradually down the group. They react with water forming a gas called hydrogen. Halogens are the group 7 elements. The elements are fluorine chlorine, bromine, iodine. The elements change from gas to solid going from fluorine to astatine. The intensity of the colours of these elements increase down the group. Some of the questions in this worksheet are: 1. (a) Complete the table above. (b) What is the colour trend down the group? (c) What is the colour of the vapour (gas) formed on heating (i) bromine (ii) iodine 2. (a) What is the group trend in melting and boiling point down the group with increase in atomic number? (b) How does the trend affect their physical state as you go down the group with increase in atomic number? 3. The halogens are made up of of diatomic molecules. What does this mean? 4. What is the charge on the halide ion? Quote the symbol of the ion from chlorine. Explain why it has that particular charge? 5. Explain the trend in the reactivity of halogens in terms of the atomic structure. 6. Write one use for each of the following. Fluorine: Chlorine: Bromine

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    1K views2 pages

    Alkali Metal and Halogens Worksheet

    Uploaded by

    eeenus
    Alkali metals are group one elements. These are lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and caesium. They are highly reactive with water and atmospheric oxygen. Alkali metals are stored under oil due their high reactivity. They have low densities. They have low boiling points which decrease gradually down the group. They react with water forming a gas called hydrogen. Halogens are the group 7 elements. The elements are fluorine chlorine, bromine, iodine. The elements change from gas to solid going from fluorine to astatine. The intensity of the colours of these elements increase down the group. Some of the questions in this worksheet are: 1. (a) Complete the table above. (b) What is the colour trend down the group? (c) What is the colour of the vapour (gas) formed on heating (i) bromine (ii) iodine 2. (a) What is the group trend in melting and boiling point down the group with increase in atomic number? (b) How does the trend affect their physical state as you go down the group with increase in atomic number? 3. The halogens are made up of of diatomic molecules. What does this mean? 4. What is the charge on the halide ion? Quote the symbol of the ion from chlorine. Explain why it has that particular charge? 5. Explain the trend in the reactivity of halogens in terms of the atomic structure. 6. Write one use for each of the following. Fluorine: Chlorine: Bromine

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    Worksheet 1

    Physical properties of group 1 elements

    5. Complete the table below.

    1. Copy the table below into your book and complete it (parts have been done
    for you already).
    Element

    Lithium
    Sodium
    Potassium
    Rubidium
    Cesium

    Symbol

    Atomic
    number

    Cs

    55

    Density
    (g/cm3)

    0.53
    0.97
    0.86
    1.53
    1.88

    Meltin
    g point
    (C)

    181
    98
    63
    ?
    29

    Boiling
    point (C)

    1342
    883
    760
    ?
    669

    State at
    25C

    Lithium

    Sodium

    Potassium

    Floats or sinks on water


    Colour of flame
    solid

    2. Water has a density of 1g/cm3. If an object has a density greater than this, it will
    sink.
    (a) Which group 1 elements will float on water, and which will sink?
    .
    (b) What can you say, in general, about the densities of the group 1 metals?
    .
    (c) Give 3 properties which are common to only alkali metals.

    ..
    (d) Using your knowledge of group 1 ,predict the boiling point and melting point of
    rubidium.
    ...............
    3. The electron arrangement of rubidium is 2.8.8.18.1
    The electron arrangement of caesium is 2.8.8.18.18.1
    Write down the electron arrangements of:
    lithium,.
    sodium and
    potassium..
    4. (a) What do the five electron arrangements in question 3 have in common?
    .
    (b) What do you notice about the distance of the outermost electron from the
    nucleus as you go down group 1?
    ..
    (c) Explain why the reactivity of group 1 metal increase down the group?

    .
    Sharafuddin School/Chemistry Work sheet, Grade 8:Tomic structure /2013

    Observation
    How stored
    Colour
    Shiny or dull when cut

    6. Underline the correct words in each bold pair or trio in the following
    sentences:
    Lithium, sodium and potassium are very easy / difficult to cut with a scalpel.
    Lithium / potassium sets on fire easily when it reacts with water.
    When these metals react with water, they make a gas called oxygen / hydrogen /
    carbon dioxide.
    We test for this gas using a lighted / glowing splint which relights / pops.
    At the end of experiment, the universal indicator in the water is red / green /
    purple.
    When these metals react with water, they make acidic / alkaline / neutral
    solutions.
    7. When lithium reacts with water, it makes lithium hydroxide and hydrogen.
    (a) Sodium reacts vigorously with water. Write the chemical equation for this
    reaction.
    .....
    (b) Potassium also reacts with water in a similar way. Write three observations
    you would make as potassium reacts with water.

    (c) Describe a chemical test for hydrogen gas.

    .
    (d) State whatyou would observe when litmus paper is added to the solution
    remaining after the reaction between sodium and water.
    ..

    Sharafuddin School/Chemistry Work sheet, Grade 8:Atomic structure /2013

    Atomic
    number
    9
    17
    35
    53
    85

    Work sheet-halogens

    Work sheet-halogens

    The properties of the Group 7 Halogen elements

    The properties of the Group 7 Halogen elements

    Symbol
    Element
    Fluorine

    Astatine

    F
    Cl
    Br
    I
    At

    state, colour at room


    temperature
    pale yellow gas

    Atomic
    number
    9
    17
    35
    53

    black solid

    85

    Symbol
    Element
    Fluorine

    Astatine

    F
    Cl
    Br
    I
    At

    state, colour at room


    temperature
    pale yellow gas

    black solid

    1. (a) Complete the table above.


    (b) What is the colour trend down the group?
    (c) What is the colour of the vapour (gas) formed on heating
    (i)
    bromine
    (ii)
    iodine

    1. (a) Complete the table above.


    (b) What is the colour trend down the group?
    (c) What is the colour of the vapour (gas) formed on heating
    (iii)
    bromine
    (iv)
    iodine

    2. (a) What is the group trend in melting and boiling point down the group with
    increase in atomic number?

    2. (a) What is the group trend in melting and boiling point down the group with
    increase in atomic number?

    (b) How does the trend affect their physical state as you go down the group with
    increase in atomic number?
    3. The halogens are made up of of diatomic molecules. What does this mean?

    (b) How does the trend affect their physical state as you go down the group with
    increase in atomic number?
    3. The halogens are made up of of diatomic molecules. What does this mean?

    4. What is the charge on the halide ion? Quote the symbol of the ion from chlorine.
    Explain why it has that particular charge?
    5. Explain the trend in the reactivity of halogens in terms of the atomic structure.

    4. What is the charge on the halide ion? Quote the symbol of the ion from chlorine.
    Explain why it has that particular charge?
    5. Explain the trend in the reactivity of halogens in terms of the atomic structure.

    6. Write one use for each of the following.


    Fluorine:
    Chlorine:
    Bromine
    Iodine

    6. Write one use for each of the following.


    Fluorine:
    Chlorine:
    Bromine
    Iodine

    Sharafuddin School/Chemistry Work sheet, Grade 8:Tomic structure /2013

    Sharafuddin School/Chemistry Work sheet, Grade 8:Atomic structure /2013

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