Tutorial 2 - Answers May14
Tutorial 2 - Answers May14
Tutorial 2 - Answers May14
TUTORIAL 2
2N2O5 (g)
= -0.096 M/s
2. The data shown below were obtained from the following reaction:
BF3(g) + NH3(g) F3BNH3(g)
Exp
1
2
3
4
5
[BF3]initial
(M)
0.250
0.250
0.200
0.350
0.175
[NH3]initial
(M)
0.250
0.125
0.100
0.100
0.100
2n 2
n 1
Rate 4 k 0.350M 0.100M
0.1193Ms 1
m
n
Rate 5
0.0596Ms 1
k 0.175 0.100M
m
2m 2
m 1
Rate = k [BF3] [NH3]
b) From experiment 1
M
s
k
3.41M1s 1
0.250M0.250M
0.2130
[C5H6], M
0.0400
0.0300
0.0240
0.0200
0.0174
What is the order of the reaction? What is the value of rate constant?
Answer:
Time
[C5H6]
ln [C5H6]
1/[C5H6]
0.0400
-3.219
25.0
50
0.0300
-3.507
33.3
100
0.0240
-3.730
41.7
150
0.0200
-3.912
50.0
200
0.0174
-4.051
57.5
4. At 500oC, cyclopropane (C3H6) rearranges to propene (CH3-CH=CH2). The reaction is first order,
and the rate constant is 6.7 10-4 s-1. if the initial concentration of C3H6 is 0.0500 M:
a) What is the molarity of C3H6 after 30 min?
b) How long does it takes for the cyclopropane concentration to drop to 0.0100 M?
c) How many minutes does it take for the 26% of the C3H6 to react?
Answer:
a) First order reaction;
C 3H6 t
b)
c)
ln0.0100 ln0.0500
2402 s 40 minutes
6.7 10 4
5.
ln0.0370 ln0.0500
449 s 7.50 minutes
6.7 10 4
I(g) + I(g)
I2(g)
This reaction follows second-order kinetics and has the high rate constant 7.0109/M.s at 23oC.
(a) If the initial concentration of I was 0.086 M, calculate the concentration after 2.0 min.
(b) Calculate the half-life of the reaction if the initial concentration of I is 0.60 M and if it is 0.42
M.
Answer:
(a) To calculate the concentration of a species at a later time of a second order reaction, we need
the initial concentration and the rate constant.
Applying the following Equation:
1
1
kt
[ A]t
[ A]o
7.0 x10 9
1
60s
1
2.0 min x
[ A]t M .s
1min 0.086M
[ A]t 1.2 x10 12 M
t1
2
1
[ A]o
1
10
2.4 x10 s
9
7.09 x10 0.6M
M .s
t1
2
1
[ A]o
1
10
3.4 x10 s
9
7.09 x10 0.42 M
M .s
6.
The reaction between ethyl iodide and hydroxide ion in ethanol (C2H5OH) solution:
C2H5I (alc) + OH- (alc) C2H5OH (l) + I- (alc)
has an activation energy, Ea of 86.8 kJ/mol and a frequency factor, A of 2.10 1011 M-1s-1.
a) Predict the rate constant for the reaction at 35oC.
b) A solution of KOH in ethanol is made up by dissolving 0.335 g KOH in ethanol to form 250.0 ml
of solution. Similarly, 1.453 g of C2H5I is dissolved in ethanol to form 250.0 ml of solution. Equal
volumes of the two solutions are mixed. Assuming the reaction is first order in each reactant,
what is the initial rate at 35oC?
c) Which reagent in the reaction is limiting, assuming the reaction proceeds to completion?
Answer:
a)
Ea
lnA
RT
E a 86.8 kJ/mol 8.68 10 4 J/mol
ln k -
T 35 273 308K
A 2.10 1011 M 1s 1
8.68 10 4 J/mol mol K
ln 2.10 1011 M 1s 1 7.8264
ln k
308K
8.314
J
4
1 1
k 3.99 10 M s
b)
0.335 g
56.1 g/mol
M 1 ( KOH )
0.02389 M KOH
0.250 L
1.453 g
156.0g/mol
M 1(C2 H 5 I )
0.0373 M C 2 H 5 I
0.250 L
If equal volumes of the solutions are mixed, the new concentrations:
M 2V2 M 1V1
Use :
M 2 ( KOH )
M 2 ( C2 H 5 I )
where
0.02389M V1
2V1
0.0373M V1
2V1
V2 2V1
0.011945 M KOH
0.01863 M C 2 H 5 I
= k [C2H5I] [OH-]
= (3.99 10-4 M-1s-1)(0.011945 M)(0.01863 M)
= 8.88 10-8 M/s
c) Since C2H5I and OH- react in a 1:1 mole ratio, and equal volumes of the solution are mixed, the
reactant with smaller concentration, KOH, is the limiting reactant.
7.
The rate constant of a first-order reaction is 3.46 X 10-2 s-1 at 298 K. What is the rate constant at
350 K if the activation energy for the reaction is 50.2 kJ/mol?
Answer:
The data are:
k1 = 3.46 X 10-2 s-1
T1 = 298 K
k2= ?
T2 = 350 K
Ea = 50.2 kJ/mol
Substituting in Equation:
-3.01
ln
k2
e 3.01 0.0493
k2
k 2 0.702s 1