W. Edwards Deming
W. Edwards Deming
W. Edwards Deming
Edwards Deming
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
W. Edwards Deming
Born
Died
Fields
Statistician
Alma mater
Influences
Walter A. Shewhart
William Edwards Deming (October 14, 1900 December 20, 1993) was an American engineer,
statistician, professor, author, lecturer, and management consultant. Educated initially as
an electrical engineer and later specializing in mathematical physics, he helped develop
the sampling techniques still used by the U.S. Department of the Census and the Bureau of Labor
Statistics. In his book The New Economics for Industry, Government, and Education,[1] Deming
championed the work of Dr. Walter Shewhart, including Statistical Process Control, Operational
Definitions, and what Deming called The Shewhart Cycle[2] which had evolved into PDSA (Plan-Do-
Study-Act). This was in response to the growing popularity of PDSA, which Deming viewed as
tampering with the meaning of Shewhart's original work.[3][4] Deming is best known for his work in
Japan after WWII, particularly his work with the leaders of Japanese industry. That work began in
August 1950 at the Hakone Convention Center in Tokyo when Deming delivered a seminal speech
on what he called Statistical Product Quality Administration. Many in Japan credit Deming as the
inspiration for what has become known as the Japanese post-war economic miracle of 1950 to
1960, when Japan rose from the ashes of war to become the second most powerful economy in the
world in less than a decade founded on the ideas Deming taught: [5]
1. Better design of products to improve service
2. Higher level of uniform product quality
3. Improvement of product testing in the workplace and in research centers
4. Greater sales through side [global] markets
Deming is best known in the United States for his 14 Points (Out of the Crisis, by Dr. W. Edwards
Deming, Preface) and his system of thought he called the System of Profound Knowledge. The
system comprises four components or "lenses" through which to view the world simultaneously:
1. Appreciating a system
2. Understanding variation
3. Psychology
4. Epistemology, the theory of knowledge[6]
Deming made a significant contribution to Japan's reputation for innovative, high-quality products,
and for its economic power. He is regarded as having had more impact on Japanese manufacturing
and business than any other individual not of Japanese heritage. Despite being honored in Japan in
1951 with the establishment of the Deming Prize, he was only just beginning to win widespread
recognition in the U.S. at the time of his death in 1993.[7] President Reagan awarded him the National
Medal of Technology in 1987. The following year, the National Academy of Sciences gave Deming
the Distinguished Career in Science award.