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This document outlines the course EEE321 Electromagnetic Fields and Waves taught by Prof. Dr. Hasan Hüseyin BALIK. It includes the course syllabus which covers topics like vector operators, electric and magnetic fields, electromagnetic waves, Maxwell's equations, and reflection and refraction. It also provides information on vector calculus concepts like gradient, divergence, curl, and Laplacian in Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems which are important mathematical tools for electromagnetic fields. The document serves to introduce students to vector operators and different coordinate systems before starting the main topics in the course.

Uploaded by

Elif Kara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
49 views

Week PDF

This document outlines the course EEE321 Electromagnetic Fields and Waves taught by Prof. Dr. Hasan Hüseyin BALIK. It includes the course syllabus which covers topics like vector operators, electric and magnetic fields, electromagnetic waves, Maxwell's equations, and reflection and refraction. It also provides information on vector calculus concepts like gradient, divergence, curl, and Laplacian in Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems which are important mathematical tools for electromagnetic fields. The document serves to introduce students to vector operators and different coordinate systems before starting the main topics in the course.

Uploaded by

Elif Kara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EEE321 Electromagnetic Fileds and

Waves

Prof. Dr. Hasan Hseyin BALIK


(1st Week)

Outline

Course Information and Policies


Course Syllabus
Vector Operators
Coordinate Systems

Course Information

(see web for more details)


Instructor: Hasan H. BALIK,
info@hasanbalik.com,
hasanbalik@aydin.edu.tr,
www.hasanbalik.com
Class Homepage:
http://www.hasanbalik.com/dersler/emag/LectureNotes/
http://www.hasanbalik.com/dersform.asp?did=41&ad=Ele
ctromagnetic%20Fields%20and%20Waves
http://www.hasanbalik.com/sinav.asp?did=41&ad=Electro
magnetic%20Fields%20and%20Waves

Book: Electromagnetic Fields and Waves,


3rd Edition (Paul Lorrain etc.)
Grading: Midterm 30%, Short Exam (2) %10,
Assigment 20% and Final 40%

Course Syllabus-1
Vector Operators
Electric Field
Coulumb's Law, Gauss's Law, The Equations of
Poisson and Laplace, Charge Conservation,
Conductors
Electric Multipoles, Energy, Capacitance, and
Forces
Dielectric Materials

Magnetic Fields
Magnetic Flux Density (B), Vector Potantial (A),
Ampere's Circuital Law,
Magnetic Materials

Magnetic Fources on charges and Currents


The Faraday Induction Law, Magnetic Energy

Course Syllabus-2
Electrimagnetic Waves
Maxwell Equations, Uniform Plane Waves in Free
Space / Nonconductors / Conductors
Reflection and Refraction: The Basic Laws,
Fresnel's Equations, Nonuniform Plane Waves,
Total Reflection, Reflection and Refraction at the
Surface of Good Conductor

1.Vector Operators and Coordinate


Systemd

1.Outline

Introduction
This chapter meant to help those students
who are not yet proficient in the use of
vector operators
Mathematicaly a field is a function that
describes a physical quantity at all points
in the space
Scalar Fields: This quantity is specified by a
single number at each point (Temperature,
density, electric potetial)
Vector Fields:The physical quantitiy is a
vector, specified by both number and direction
(wind velocity, gravitational force)

Vector Algebra

Invariance
The quantities, that are independent of
the choice of coordinate system, are said
to be invariant
A, B and , dot or cross products

The quantities, that are dependent of the


choice of coordinate system, are not
invariant
Components of a vector

Consider a scalar point function f


that is continuous and
differentable. We wish to know
how f changes over the
infinitesimal distancel dl
is scalar product of two vectors
and
called gradient of f.
The symbol is read del

The gradient f a scalar function at a given


point is a vector having the following
properties
Its components are the rate of change of the
function along the direction of the coordinate
axes
Its magnetute is the maximum rate of change
with distance
Its direction is that of the maximum rate of
change with distance
It points toward larger values of the function

Flux
It is often necessary to
calculate flux of a vector
quantity through a surface.
The flux d of B through an
infinitesimal surface dA is
The vector dA is normal to
surface.
For a surface of finite area of
A,

If surface is closed. The vector dA points outward


hand faces

The outward flux of a vector through a


closed surface can be calculated either
from the equations given at previous
slide or as follows
Bx,By,Bz are functions of x,y,z.
The value Bx at the center of the righthand face.
The outgoing flux for right-hand and left-

The Total is

The divergence of B is

The Divergence Theorem


The total flux of a B is eaual to the
surface integral of the normal outward
components of B. If we donate by A the
area of the surface bounding v, the total
flux is

This can be applied to any continuous


differentiable vectors
This is divergence theorem also called
Green or Gausss theorem

The integrals

Evaluated from a point a to the point b


over some specified curve are examples
of line integrals
A vector field B is conservative if the line
integral of B.dl around any closed curve is
zero

For any givem field B and for a closed path


situated in the xy-plane

Now consider the infinitesimal path in the


figure. There are two contributions.

Similarly

and

If we set

Then

Consider now g3 and two symmetric quantities as the


components of a vector

Which may be written as

And

StokessTheorem

The divergence of the gradient of f is the


laplacian of f

The laplasian can also be defined for a


vector point-function B
For Cartesian coordinates,:

Orthogonal Curcilinear Coordinates


It is frequently inconvenient, because of the
symmetries that exits in certain fields, to
use Cartesian coordinates. Consider the
equation
Consider three equations

defining three families of surfaces that are mutualy orthogonal


Call dl1 an element of length notmal to the surface q1

Similarly
The valume element is

Cylindrical Coordinates
In cylindrical coordinates q1=, q2= and
q3=z
The vector that defines the point of P is

The distance element is

The infinitesimal volume is

Spherical Coordinates
In sphericall coordinates q1=r, q2= and
q3 =
The distance element is

The infinitesimal volume is

Correspondence Between Coordinates

The Gradient
The gradient is the vector rate of change
of a scalar function f

For cylindrical coordinates

For spherical coordinates

The Divergence
The divergence for orthogonal curcilinear
coordinates

For cylindrical coordinates

For spherical coordinates

The Curl
The curl for orthogonal curcilinear
coordinates

For cylindrical coordinates

For spherical coordinates

The Laplacian-1
The laplace for scalar function f

For cylindrical coordinates

For spherical coordinates

The Laplacian-2
For the laplace for vectoral function B, the
equation

is used. Then

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