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    Rectal Examination

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    drgbkhan
    The rectum examination involves feeling the walls of the rectum with a finger to assess for abnormalities in the rectum or surrounding structures. It is done when gastrointestinal or genitourinary disease is suspected, as part of a screening, or to examine the prostate in men or cervix in women. The procedure involves rotating the finger to feel all walls of the rectum and any masses or irregularities that may indicate conditions like hemorrhoids, anal fissures, or rectal cancer.

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    Rectal Examination

    Uploaded by

    drgbkhan
    142 views21 pages
    The rectum examination involves feeling the walls of the rectum with a finger to assess for abnormalities in the rectum or surrounding structures. It is done when gastrointestinal or genitourinary disease is suspected, as part of a screening, or to examine the prostate in men or cervix in women. The procedure involves rotating the finger to feel all walls of the rectum and any masses or irregularities that may indicate conditions like hemorrhoids, anal fissures, or rectal cancer.

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    The rectum examination involves feeling the walls of the rectum with a finger to assess for abnormalities in the rectum or surrounding structures. It is done when gastrointestinal or genitourinary disease is suspected, as part of a screening, or to examine the prostate in men or cervix in women. The procedure involves rotating the finger to feel all walls of the rectum and any masses or irregularities that may indicate conditions like hemorrhoids, anal fissures, or rectal cancer.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    142 views21 pages

    Rectal Examination

    Uploaded by

    drgbkhan
    The rectum examination involves feeling the walls of the rectum with a finger to assess for abnormalities in the rectum or surrounding structures. It is done when gastrointestinal or genitourinary disease is suspected, as part of a screening, or to examine the prostate in men or cervix in women. The procedure involves rotating the finger to feel all walls of the rectum and any masses or irregularities that may indicate conditions like hemorrhoids, anal fissures, or rectal cancer.

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    Rectal Examination

    Anatomy I
    The rectum is the curved lower, terminal

    segment of large bowel.


    It is about 12 cms long and runs along
    the concavity of the sacrum.
    Anterior to the lower 1/3 of the rectum lie
    different structures in men and women

    Anatomy II
    In men, anterior to the lower 1/3 of the

    rectum lie the prostate, bladder base


    and seminal vesicles.
    In women, anterior to the lower 1/3 of
    the rectum lies the vagina. At the tip of
    the examining finger it may be possible
    to feel cervix and even a retroverted
    Uterus

    When is it done?
    This is an intimate and sometimes uncomfortable

    examination which is most often done when


    disease (usually gastrointestinal or genitourinary
    disease) is suspected or already identified.
    It may also be done as part of a screening
    examination when there is no suspicion or
    expectation of disease but the examination is
    performed as part of a thorough screening
    process.
    It is important in all cases to explain the reasons
    for the examination and to get verbal consent.

    Indications for R.E.


    Assessment of the prostate (particularly

    symptoms of outflow obstruction).


    When there has been rectal bleeding (prior to
    proctoscopy, sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy).
    Constipation.
    Change of bowel habit.
    Problems with urinary or faecal continence.
    In exceptional circumstances to detect uterus
    and cervix (when vaginal examination is not
    possible).

    Procedure
    The finger is then moved through 180, feeling

    the walls of the rectum.


    With the finger then rotated in the 12 o'clock
    position, helped usually by the examiner
    bending knees in a half crouched position and
    pronating the examining wrist, the anterior wall
    can be palpated.
    Rotation facilitates further examination of the
    opposing the walls of the rectum. In men, the
    prostate will be felt anteriorly. In women, the
    cervix and a retroverted uterus may be felt with
    the tip of the finger.
    It is important to feel the walls of the rectum
    throughout the 360. Small rectal wall lesions
    may be missed if this is not done carefully.

    Examination of the Prostate


    Gland
    Normal size is 3.5 cms wide, protruding

    about 1 cm into the lumen of the rectum.


    Consistency: it is normally rubbery and
    firm with a smooth surface and a
    palpable sulcus between right and left
    lobes.
    There should not be any tenderness.
    There should be no nodularity.

    http://beta.medicalvideos.us/videos-354-

    Rectal-Examinations
    http://beta.medicalvideos.us/videos-

    2539-Proctoscope-Medical-Examinationof-the-Rectum

    External Inspection
    Skin disease.
    Skin tags
    Genital warts
    Anal fissures
    Anal fistula
    External haemorrhoids
    Rectal prolapse
    Skin discolouration with Crohn's disease
    External thrombosed piles

    Internal Inspection
    Simple piles (but best examined at

    proctoscopy)
    Rectal carcinoma
    Rectal polyps
    Tenderness
    Diseases of the prostate gland
    Malignant or inflammatory conditions of
    the peritoneum (felt anteriorly)

    Contraindications
    Imperforate Anus
    Unwilling patient
    Immunosuppressed patient
    Absence of anus following surgical

    excision
    Stricture
    Moderate to severe anal pain
    Prolapsed thrombosed internal
    hemorroids

    THANKS FOR LISTENING

    21

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