2010 Maths Advanced Higher Finalised Marking Instructions

2010 Maths
Advanced Higher
Finalised Marking Instructions
Scottish Qualifications Authority 2010

The information in this publication may be reproduced to support SQA qualifications only on a noncommercial basis. If it is to be used for any other purposes written permission must be obtained from
the External Print Team, Centre Services, Dalkeith.
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clearance. SQAs External Print Team, Centre Services, at Dalkeith may be able to direct you to the
secondary sources.
These Marking Instructions have been prepared by Examination Teams for use by SQA Appointed
Markers when marking External Course Assessments. This publication must not be reproduced for
commercial or trade purposes.
General Marking Principles
These principles describe the approach taken when marking Advanced Higher Mathematics papers. For
more detailed guidance please refer to the detailed Marking Instructions.
1
The main principle is to give credit for the skills demonstrated and the criteria met. Failure to have
a correct method may not preclude a candidate gaining credit for their solution.
The answer to one part of a question, even if incorrect, can be accepted as a basis for subsequent
dependent parts of the question.
The following are not penalised:
working subsequent to a correct answer (unless it provides firm evidence that the requirements
of the question have not been met)
legitimate variation in numerical values / algebraic expressions.
Full credit will only be given where the solution contains appropriate working. Where the correct
answer might be obtained by inspection or mentally, credit may be given.
Sometimes the method to be used in a particular question is explicitly stated; no credit will be
given where a candidate obtains the correct answer by an alternative method.
Where the method to be used in a particular question is not explicitly stated in the question paper,
full credit is available for an alternative valid method. (Some likely alternatives are included but
these should not be assumed to be the only acceptable ones.)
In the detailed Marking Instructions which follow, marks are shown alongside the line for which they are
awarded. There is one code used M. This indicates a method mark, so in question 1(a), 1M means a
method mark for the product rule.
Advanced Higher Mathematics 2010
Marks awarded for
1.
(6)
(a) For f (x) = ex sin x2,

f (x) = ex sin x2 + ex (2x cos x2) .
1M using the Product Rule

1,1 one for each correct term
(b) Method 1
x3
,
(1 + tan x)
3x2 (1 + tanx) x3 sec 2 x
g(x) =
.
(1 + tanx)2
For g (x) =
1M using the Quotient Rule

1
1
first term and denominator

second term
for correct rewrite
Method 2
g (x) = x3 (1 + tan x)1
g (x) =
3x2 (1 + tanx)1 + x3 (1) (1 + tanx)2 sec 2 x 1,1
=
2.
(5)
x2
(1 + tan x)2
(3
for accuracy
+ 3 tan x x sec 2 x)
Let the first term be a and the common ratio be

r. Then
ar = 6
and
ar2 = 3
1
Hence
ar2
3
1
r =
=
= .
1
ar
6
2
So, since |r| < 1, the sum to infinity exists.
1
a
1
S =
1 r
12
12
=
= 3
1
1 ( 2 )
2
1
= 8.
{both terms needed}

evaluating r
justification
correct formula
the sum to infinity
Marks awarded for
3.
(7)
t = x4 dt = 4x3dx
(a)
x3
1
4x3
dx
=
dx
1 + x8
4 1 + (x4)2
1
1
=
dt
4 1 + t2
= 14 tan1 t + c
=
(b)
tan1 x4 + c
1
4
x2 ln x dx = (ln x) x2dx
= ln x x2dx 1x x3 dx
3
1 3
3x
1 3
3x
4.
(4)
ln x
ln x
1
2
3 x dx
1 3
9x + c
( )
2 0
gives an enlargement,
0 2
scale factor 2.
The matrix
The matrix
( )
( )(
3
2
1
2
gives a clockwise
23 12
rotation of 60 about the origin.
1
2
M =
=
5.
(4)
3
2
3
2
1
2
2 0
0 2
3
.
3 1
( ) ()
(n + 1)!
n!
n
n+1
3
3
3!(n 2)! 3!(n 3)!
(n + 1)!
n!(n 2)
=
3!(n 2)! 3!(n 2)!

(n + 1)! n!(n 2)
=
3!(n 2)!
n! [ (n + 1) (n 2)]
=
3! (n 2)!
n! 3
n!
=
=
3!(n 2)! 2!(n 2)!
=
()
n
2
correct differential
correct integral in t
correct answer
1M for using integration by parts

1 for differentiating ln x
1,1
correct matrix
correct matrix
correct order
both terms correct

{alternative methods
will appear}
1
1
correct numerator
correct denominator
1
1 for knowing (anywhere)
(n 2)! = (n 2) (n 3)!
Marks awarded for
6.
(4)
v w =
= i
=
u. (v w) =
=
=
7.
(6)
i j k
3 2 1
1 1 4
1M a valid approach
| 21 14 | j| 13 14 | + k | 13 21 |
9i 11j + 5k
(2i + 0j + 5k) . (9i 11j + 5k)
18 + 0 + 25
7.
5
1 (x + 1)(x3x++2)(x
+ 3) dx
3x + 5
(x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3)
A
x+1
B
x+2
C
x+3
1M
3x + 5 =
A(x + 2)(x + 3) + B(x + 1)(x + 3) + C(x + 1)(x + 2)
x = 1 2 = 2A A = 1
x = 2 1 = B B = 1
x = 3 4 = 2C C = 2
1
1
Hence
3x + 5
1
1
2
=
+
(x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3) x + 1 x + 2 x + 3
for first correct coefficient

for second correct coefficient
for last coefficient and
applying them
5
1
1
2
1 (x + 1)(x3x++2)(x
+ 3) dx = 1 ( x + 1 + x + 2 x + 3 ) dx
2
= [ ln (x + 1) + ln (x + 2) 2 ln (x + 3)] 21 1
= ln3 + ln4 2 ln5 ln2 ln3 + 2 ln4
3 4 42
32
= ln 2
= ln
1
5 2 3
25
8.
(6)
(a) Write the odd integers as: 2n + 1

and 2m + 1 where n and m are integers.
Then
(2n + 1)(2m + 1) = 4nm + 2n + 2m + 1
= 2(2nm + n + m) + 1
which is odd.
(b) Let n = 1, p1 = p which is given as odd.
Assume pk is odd and consider pk + 1.
pk + 1 = pk p
Since pk is assumed to be odd and p is
odd, pk + 1 is the product of two odd
integers is therefore odd.
Thus pn + 1 is an odd integer for
all n if p is an odd integer.
for correct integration and

substitution
1M for unconnected odd integers
demonstrating clearly
1
1M
1
for a valid explanation from a

previous correct argument
Marks awarded for
9.
(4)
Let f (x) = (1 + sin 2 x). Then

f (x)
=
=
f (x) =
f (x) =
f (x) =
2 sin x cos x
sin 2x
2 cos 2x
4 sin 2x
8 cos 2x
f (0) = 1
f (0) = 0
f (0) = 2
f (0) = 0
f (0) = 8
x2
x4
8 +
2!
4!
1
= 1 + x2 x4 +
3
f (x) = 1 + 2
1
1
one for each non-zero term
Alternative 1
f (0) = 1 1
f (0) = 0
f (0) = 2 1
f (0) = 0
f (x)
= 2 sin x cos x
f (x) = 2 cos2 x 2 sin 2 x
f (x) = 4( sin x) cosx
4 cos x sin x
f (x) = 8 cos2 x + 8 sin 2 x f (0) = 8 1
etc
Alternative 2
f (x) = (1 + sin 2 x)
= 1 + 12 12 cos 2x
=
1
2
1
2
1
2
(3 cos 2x)
(3
(2x)2
2!
(3 1 + 2x
= 1 +
10.
(3)
(1
x2
1 4
3x
(2x)4
4!
2 4
3 x
The graph is not symmetrical about the

y-axis (or f (x) f (x))
so it is not an even function.
The graph does not have half-turn
rotational symmetry (or f (x) f (x))
so it is not an odd function.
The function is neither even nor odd.
))
introducing cos2x
1
1
1
expanding cos2x
simplifying
finishing
1
1
{apply follow through}
Marks awarded for
11.
(7)
d 2y
dy
+ 4
+ 5y = 0
2
dx
dx
m2 + 4m + 5 = 0
(m + 2)2 = 1
m = 2 i
The general solution is
y = e2x (A cos x + B sin x)
x = 0, y = 3 3 = A
x = 2 , y = e e = e (3 cos 2 + B sin 2 )
B=1
Assume 2 + x is rational
p
and let 2 + x = where p, q are integers.
q
1M appropriate CF
for accuracy
1
1
p
2
q
p 2q
=
q
Since p 2q and q are integers, it follows
that x is rational. This is a contradiction.
1
1
1
x =
So
13.
(10)
The particular solution is:

y = e2x (3 cosx + sin x).
12.
(4)
y = t 3 25 t 2
x =
t = t 1/2
dy
dt
dx
dt
= 3t 2 5t
=
1 1/2
2t
dy
3t 2 5t
=
1 1/2
dx
2t
= 6t 5/2 10t 3/2
d 2y
=
dx2
( )
d dy
dt dx
dx
dt
as a single fraction
1
1
1
1
1
for eliminating fractions
1M
6 25 t 3/2 10 23 t 1/2
1 1/2
2t
= 30t 2 30t
i.e. a = 30, b = 30
d y
At a point of inflexion, dx
2 = 0 t = 0 or 1
dy
But t > 0 t = 1 dx
= 4
1
3
and the point of contact is (1, 2 )
1
Hence the tangent is
y + 23 = 4 (x 1)
i.e. 2y + 8x = 5
the value of the gradient
Marks awarded for
14.
(10)
1 1 1
1 1 2
2 1 a
1
0
2
1 1
1
0 2
1
0 1 a 2
1
1
0
1 1
1
0 2
1
0 0 2a 5
1
1
1
for triangular form
one correct variable
for the two other variables

{other justifications for
uniqueness are possible}
z =
2y +
1
;
2a 5
for a structured approach
1
2a + 5 1
= 1 2y =
2a 5
2a 5
2 a
y =
;
2a 5
2a
1
+
=1
2a 5 2a 5
2a 5 1 a
a4
x=
+
=
.
2a 5 2a 5 2a 5
x
which exist when 2a 5 0.

From the third row of the final tableau,
when a = 25, there are no solutions
When a = 3, x = 1, y = 1, z = 1.
)( ) ( )
( ) ()
5 2 3 1
1
AB = 1 1 1 0 = 1
1
3 1 2 2
1
1
From above, we have C 1 = 0 and
1
2
1
1
also A 0 = 1 which suggests AC = I and
1
2
this can be verified directly. Hence
A is the inverse of C (or vice versa).
() ( )
A candidate who obtains

AC = I directly may be
awarded full marks.
Marks awarded for
(x ) = 8x x4 = 8x x = 0, 2
2 2
15.
Area = 4 0 ( 8x x2) dx
2
values of x
1M 4 20
1
the rest
( )
2
1 2
= 4 8 x3/2 x3
3
3 0
16
8
32
= 4
=
3
3
3
1
1
Volume of revolution about the y-axis = x2dy. 1M

So in this case, we need to calculate
two volumes and subtract:
V = [ 0 y dy] [ 0
4
4 y4
64 dy
y5 4
y2 4
=
2 0
320 0
64 42
= 8
320
40 16
24
( 15)
=
=
5
5
16.
(10)
1,1
each term
z3 = r3 (cos 3 + i sin 3 )
(cos 23 + i sin 23 )3 = cos 2 + i sin 2
a = 1; b = 0
necessary
Method 1
r3 (cos 3 + i sin 3 ) = 8
r3 cos 3 = 8 and r3 sin 3 = 0
r = 2; 3 = 0, 2, 4
Roots are 2, 2 (cos 23 + i sin 23 ), 2 (cos 43 + i sin 43 ).
In cartesian form: 2, (1 + i 3) , (1 i 3)
Method 2
z3 8 = 0
(z 2) (z2 + 2z + 4) = 0
(z 2) ((z + 1)2 + ( 3)2) = 0

so the roots are: 2, (1 + i 3) , (1 i 3)
(a)
z1 + z2 + z3 = 0
(b) Since z31 = z32 = z33 = 8

it follows that
z61 + z62 + z63 = (z31)2 + (z32)2 + (z33)2
= 3 64 = 192
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
END OF SOLUTIONS
or by using quadratic formula

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2010 Maths

Scottish Qualifications Authority 2010

General Marking Principles

The following are not penalised:

Advanced Higher Mathematics 2010

Marks awarded for

(a) For f (x) = ex sin x2,

1M using the Product Rule

1M using the Quotient Rule

first term and denominator

for correct rewrite

Let the first term be a and the common ratio be

{both terms needed}

the sum to infinity

Marks awarded for

3!(n 2)! 3!(n 2)!

1M for using integration by parts

both terms correct

Marks awarded for

for first correct coefficient

(a) Write the odd integers as: 2n + 1

for correct integration and

1M for unconnected odd integers

for a valid explanation from a

Marks awarded for

Let f (x) = (1 + sin 2 x). Then

one for each non-zero term

The graph is not symmetrical about the

{apply follow through}

Marks awarded for

The particular solution is:

for eliminating fractions

the value of the gradient

Marks awarded for

for triangular form

one correct variable

for the two other variables

for a structured approach

which exist when 2a 5 0.

A candidate who obtains

Marks awarded for

Volume of revolution about the y-axis = x2dy. 1M

(cos 23 + i sin 23 )3 = cos 2 + i sin 2

(z 2) ((z + 1)2 + ( 3)2) = 0

(b) Since z31 = z32 = z33 = 8

or by using quadratic formula

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