High Performance Chokes

Since 1933,
Hydril
Company has
manufactured
a variety of high
performance
products for
petroleum
drilling and
production,
specializing in
high pressure
and severe
service.
R

Features and Benefits

The cage trim design is the heart of the
Hydril choke. A unique nozzle configuration
directs flow through various sized opposing
ports, forcing the flow to impinge upon itself
within the nozzle. The impingement effect
dissipates the destructive energy associated with many oil and gas wells.

The single largest contributor to choke

valve failure is the energy associated with
high pressure drops. Hydrils trim allows
the valve to dissipate rather than absorb
this destructive force by containing the
energy within the nozzle. This operating
principle reduces possible erosion damage
to the valve body and internal components.
The nozzle, also referred to as a cage, is
the valves hardest component. It is typically made from a specialized grade of tungsten carbide, but, for less severe applications, other materials are available.

Operating Principle:
The Impingement Effect
Page 2

For more information on Sub Sea Choke

Valves please contact Hydril, as these
products are in a separate catalog.

Features and Benefits

North Slope,
Alaska. Hydril
high performance
chokes are
installed on the North Slope
of Alaska. Hydril chokes are
ideal for environmentally
sensitive areas where reliability and dependable performance are critical.

Hydril high performance chokes are designed

for the

most severe

well

conditions.

Applications include high pressure drops,

high flowing velocities, corrosive fluids, H2S,
CO2, low temperatures, steam injection and
wells with heavy erosion potential.

Hydril was the first to use the cage trim

The North Sea.
Hydril chokes
have served
topside in the
North Sea since 1980 and
subsea since 1985. Hydril
chokes were installed in
over 15 North Sea develop ments between 1980 and
1991. Hydril chokes have
been proven to be long life
valves under the harshest
of conditions.

design in a production choke: this was the

CFB introduced in 1978. Hydrils PRB, developed for high flow rate, medium pressure
drop applications, was introduced in 1984.
Today, these chokes are in service worldwide
in high pressure wells, steam injection wells,
critical subsea wells and sensitive environ-

Sub Sea Hydril is a

leader in subsea
chokes that
include diverassist and diverless
systems. The Subsea diverassist valves range from
simple diver and/or ROV
operated manual valves to
hydraulically
operated valves with ROV
mechanical override.
Pictured is a subsea diver less system that handled a
flowrate in excess of over
120 mmscfd at a water
depth of 5300 in the Gulf of
Mexico.
Hydril engineers
use the latest
computer software to create the most
cost effective and technically superior chokes on the
market. Computer programs
provide in depth analysis to
support the next generation
of choke valves. Sizing
programs are available to
ensure accurate trim
sizing for optimum flow
characteristics.

Page 3

mental regions.

Hydril provides engineering assistance

and field service. Engineers are ready to
assist in selecting appropriate materials for
the valve body, seals and trim for unique well
conditions. Field service is available from all
Hydril locations worldwide.

Hydril provides continual valve performance evaluation. For quality assurance,

valves are manufactured in accordance with
ISO 9001, API 6A or 17D, PSL-2 through
PSL-4. Special requirements can also be
accommodated.

BFC External Sleeve & Nozzle

BFC is Hydrils trim for severe to critical
applications. BFC provides positive shut off
with Hydrils patented seat seal design.
When the flow cone contacts the seat seal,
the valve achieves a bubble tight shut-off.
Further closing movement compresses the
seat seal outward and radially into full contact with the flow cone.

BFC and PRC trims are interchangeable

in the field without modification of the valve
body. Trim size and profile can be changed
to alter flow characteristics and adjust to
changing well conditions without changing
the body.

Hydrils patented Stem Seal Stack is incorporated in all Hydril designs. U-shaped,
spring energized lip seals provide sealing
with constant radial loading. Design also
allows redundant sealing in a standard seal
gland. These resilient seals are suitable for
extreme temperature ranges and have a
broad range of fluid compatibility.

BFC External Sleeve and Nozzle

Page 4

PRC Plug and Nozzle

PRC is Hydrils trim for moderate to
severe applications. Plug movement is
guided by the nozzle. This feature provides
steady throttling, ensures smooth operation,
and directs flow toward nozzle center to minimize wear. Extended nozzle design contains
destructive forces within the trim for extra
downstream body protection. This trim style
offers the highest CV for any body size.

Balanced trim designs of each valve

reduce thrust load on the stem. As a result,
torque needed to operate valve is substantially reduced.

All valves feature large annulus areas

around trim which reduce fluid velocity
as it enters valve, decreasing potential for
erosion.

PRC Internal Plug and Nozzle

Page 5

High Pressure and

Critical Service Applications

Advancements
The standard metal to metal bonnet
seal is a field proven design that offers
the most reliability of any seal currently
manufactured.
By using differential angles to preload
the seal during makeup, the seal is both
self-energized and pressure energized
by using the valve cavity pressure to
increase the ring seal loading.
Materials for the seal can be of UNS
S 17400 or CRAs.
A coating provides the necessary
lubricity during makeup to prevent any
galling of the Ring/Seat Interface.
The standard stem and balance chamber seals are designed as a metal
spring energized PTFE compound to
operate in temperatures from -75F
(-60C) to 400F (204C). The proprietary blend in the PTFE compound is
denoted as Hydril B and is used in all
media within the temperature range.
On the choke bodies ranging from 3 to
8, there are no internal threads.

Metal to Metal Bonnet Seal

Page 6

In Line Choke/Control Valve

The patented Hydril In Line Choke/Control Valve
allows the use of Hydril External Sleeve, Cage Trim
to be used in straight run applications. Hydrils
design is a true in line valve with quarter-turn
operation from fully open to fully closed. It is ideal
for applications which require the durability of a
choke and precise control of flow which you would
expect of a control valve. No exit stream impingement of the body means that the valve has the
durability of Hydrils traditional right angle chokes.
Hydrils In Line Adjustable Choke/Control Valve
provides bubble-tight shut off. ANSI Class V Shut
Off is standard. Hydrils patented design gives
repeatable shut off ability, even in severe service,
because the seal surfaces are not exposed to turbulent flow. The energy of the pressure drop is dissipated within the cage trim preventing body damage and reducing noise.
Low cost and ease of actuation make this an ideal
design for remote locations and manifold systems.
Operating the In Line Valve requires minimal torque
under full differential pressure. Whether the application calls for electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic
actuation, Hydrils In Line Choke/Control valve is
easily fitted to most available quarter turn actuators. Lower operating torque means smaller actuator requirements and cost savings.
Hydrils In Line Choke/Control Valve is ideal for
applications where long life and precise control is
required. Applications include oil and gas production manifold systems, gas lift, H20 injection, CO2
injection, and separators.
Hydrils In Line Choke/Control Valve is available
with all standard trims and materials which are field
proven. This translates directly into bottom line savings in operations cost. For size and pressure
classes, please contact Hydril Valve Products
Group.

Page 7

Model C HIGHLIGHTS
Hydril BFC choke
Bar Handle or Handwheel

Lubrication fitting/safety relief

Stem Lock

Stem packing set, using spring

energized lip seals

Safety Vent
Tungsten Carbide lined flow cone
Bleed plug

One piece, hardened, blowout

proof stem

External sleeve style trim

maximizes erosion resistance

Cartridge trim assembly (with no

internal threads) interchangeable
with PRC

Soft seat gives repeatable

ANSI Class V shut of f

Large body annulus maximizes

Cv and elimiates body erosion

Solid Tungsten Carbide flow trim

with integral outlet wear sleeve

Hydril PRC choke

Micrometer style indicator

Adjustable indicator sleeve

allows easy comfortable viewing

Stem Lock
Single internally threaded bonnet
closure (Bolted Bonnet available)

Body drilled and tapped for

actuator mounting

Pressure balanced trim reduces

actuator loading, torque, size
(3 and above)

Corrosion resistant lower bonnet

Reversible Tungsten Carbide
wear component on plug

Cartridge trim assembly

interchangeable with BFC

Pressure balance seal acting

on Carbide plug

Large body annulus maximizes

Cv and elimiates body erosion

Reversible seat maximizes

trim life

Plug and Cage trim maximizes

flow capacity

Page 8

The CFB is an unbalanced external sleeve and nozzle design

2 Inch CFB

For critical and high pressure applications, bolted bonnets are also available.

Flow Curves
2 External Sleeve
66 Bean
25

20

15

Cv
10

0
0

30

20

30

40
Key

50

% OPEN

Equal Percentage
Linear

Page 9

80

70

80

90

100

3 Inch BFC

For critical and high pressure applications, bolted bonnets are also available.

Flow Curves
3 External Sleeve (BFC)
104 Bean

70

60

50

40

v
30

20

10

0
0

20

60

40
Key

80

100

% OPEN

Equal Percentage
Linear

Page 10

3 Inch PRC

For critical and high pressure applications, bolted bonnets are also available.

Flow Curves
3 Internal Plug
152 Bean
140

120

100

80

Cv
60

40

20

0
0

10

20

30

40

50

Equal Percentage
Linear

Page 11

60

% OPEN

Key

70

80

90

100

4 Inch BFC

For critical and high pressure applications, bolted bonnets are also available.

Flow Curves
4 External Sleeve
176 Bean
180

160

140

120

100

Cv
80

60

40

20

10

20

40

30
Key

50

60

70

80

90

100

% OPEN

Equal Percentage
Linear

Page 12

4 Inch PRC

For critical and high pressure applications, bolted bonnets are also available.

Flow Curves
4Internal Plug (PRC)
248 Bean
400

350

300

250

Cv
200

150

100

50

0
0

20

40

60

% OPEN
Key
Equal Percentage
Linear

Page 13

80

100

6 Inch BFC

Flow Curves
6 External Sleeve
288 Bean
500
450

400

350

300

Cv
250
200
150

100

50
0
0

20

40

60

80

100

% OPEN
Key
Equal Percentage
Linear

Page 14

6 Inch PRC

Flow Curves
6 Internal Plug
388 Bean
700

600

500

400

Cv
300

200

100

0
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

% OPEN
Key
Equal Percentage
Linear

Page 15

70

80

90

100

8 Inch BFC

Flow Curves
8 External Sleeve (BFC)
448 Bean
1400

1200

1000

800

Cv
600

400

200

0
0

20

60

40

80

100

% OPEN
Key
Equal Percentage
Linear

Page 16

8 Inch PRC

Flow Curves
8 Internal Plug
500 Bean

1600

1400

1200

1000

Cv
800

600

400

200

0
0

20

60

40
Key

Page 17

% OPEN

Equal Percentage
Linear

80

100

Hydraulic Drilling Chokes

The Hydril Drilling Choke is the field proven
gate and seat design which provides superior
control of well bore fluids over the full range of
wellbore conditions. This advanced design utilizes the finest micrograin tungsten carbide to
extend the life of the trim in severe erosive flow
and extends the life of the choke. Hydril provides positive metal-to-metal closure and shutoff even after extended service in the most
severe well control situations, a tough requirement that must be met repeatedly in todays
drilling environments. This design provides
superior sensitivity to low pressures and flow
rates and optimum control during high volume
flows. The Quick Open feature of the trim
design allows passage of large diameter solids
when needed. Both 2 and 3 orifices are
available in manually operated or actuated
chokes.
The pressure balanced stem assures smooth
opening and closing with low torque requirements.
The quick change cartridge trim design means
minimum open time for inspection and service.
The chokes may be completely serviced without removing them from the line. No special
tools are required.
Premium metal-to-metal seals provide the
utmost in reliability service rating as standard.
All drilling chokes can meet or exceed API 16C and NACE requirements. Optional materials, overlays and coatings are available for
unique applications. Available in API pressure
classes of 10,000 and 15,000 working pressure.

Page 18

Manual Drilling Chokes

The Manual Drilling Chokes utilize the same major
components as the hydraulic choke. This offers
multiple advantages for operators. Spares inventory is reduced and the ability to convert from a
manual to hydraulic actuated and back again
offers tremendous flexibility with the same manifold.
The low torque, pressure balanced design utilizes
thrust bearings for quick and accurate handwheel
operation and stem loading is from the downstream P2 pressure only.
DRILLING CHOKE CONTROL CONSOLES
The control console provides the operator with all
the information necessary for choke operation.
Consoles can be provided for control of one or
more chokes. The complete unit is packaged in
an extra heavy-duty design to protect the components from weather, handling in transit, and provide for a long field life.

Page 19

Trim Charts
CAGE TRIM (BEAN) SELECTION TABLE*
EQUIVALENT
ORIFICE DIA*
(BEAN SIZE)

20

32

48

66

103

104

152

176

248

288

388

448

500

MAX TRIM C V**

2.3

5.9

13.2

25

61

62

133

178

353

476

617

1155

1438

ORIFICE AREA

.08

.20

.44

.84

2.03

2.07

4.43

5.94

11.8

15.9

28.85

38.46

47.91

VALVE
MODEL

=MAXIMUM TRIM SIZE/BODY SIZE =AVAILABLE TRIM/BODY SIZE

INLINEEXTERNALINTERNAL
(CMI)

SLEEVE

PLUG

(BFC)

(PRC)

2
2

2
3

3
4

4
6

6
6
8
8

* OTHER TRIM SIZES AND CONFIGURATIONS ARE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST

** C V VALUES LISTED ABOVE ARE THE THEORETICALMAXIMUM FOR EACH BEAN SIZE AND WILL VARY FOR DIFFERENT VALUE CONFIGURATION

STANDARD TRIM MATERIAL SELECTION TABLE

GROUP

TRIM COMPONENTS

TRIM MATERIAL GRADES

T-1A
T-2A
T-5A

NOZZLE, FLOW CONE

OR FLOW PLUG

416SS
S17400

ALLOY 6
WC/S17400

WC
WC/S17400

NOZZLE, FLOW CONE

OR FLOW PLUG

S17400
WC/S17400

ALLOY 6
WC/S17400

WC
WC/S17400

NOZZLE, FLOW CONE

OR FLOW PLUG

ALLOY 6
WC/N05500

ALLOY 6
WC/N05500

WC
WC/N05500

NOZZLE, FLOW CONE

OR FLOW PLUG

ALLOY 6
ALLOY 6
WC
WC/DUPLEX WC/DUPLEX WC/DUPLEX

Page 20

NOTE: Additional materials and

combinations are available upon
request.

Material Charts
Standard Valve Body Group Material Selection Table
Valve
Components
BODY& BONNET

API6A MATERIAL CLASS

AA,BB,DD,EE
A105
A350 GR LF2
UNS G41300
UNS G86300

CC

FF

HH

UNS S41000
UNS S31254
UNS S31600
UNS S31803
UNS S32760
UNS S42400

Clad w/
UNS N06625

UNS S17400

UNS S17400

UNS S17400
UNS NO5500

UNS NO5500
UNS N07718
UNS S07725
UNS S09925

INTERNAL
WETTED PARTS

UNS S31600
UNS S17400

UNS S31600
UNS S17400

UNS S31600
UNS S17400
UNS S31803

UNS NO5500
UNS N07718
UNS N09925

METAL TO METAL
SEALS

UNS S17400

UNS S17400

UNS S17400

UNS NO7718
UNS N08825

VALVE STEM

CALIBRATION HEAD

Acetal 150 SA

NOTE:

Other materials and combinations are available upon request to meet

other specifications and system requirements.

SEAL KIT MATERIAL SELECTION TABLE

SEAL GRADE
TEMPERATURE
S-O
-20F TO 250F
S-O1
-20F TO 250F
S-1
-20F TO 450F
S-2
-50F TO 52F
S-3
-65F TO 300F
S-4
-20F TO 400F
S-6
-20F TO 500F
S-7
-50F TO 200F
S-8
-40F TO 300F
S-9
-70F TO 550F

STATIC SEALS
NITRILE
NITRILE
(PEROXIDE CURED)
VITON-A
EPIHLOROHYDRIN
EPDM
AFLAS
KALREZ
NITRILE
(LOW-TEMP)
VITON-A
(LOW-TEMP)
SPRING ENERGIZED
PTFE

Page 21

SEAL KIT COMPONENTS

DYNAMIC SEALS
BEARINGS & WIPERS
SPRING ENERGIZED
PTFE
SPRING ENERGIZED
PTFE
SPRING ENERGIZED
PTFE
SPRING ENERGIZED
PTFE
SPRING ENERGIZED
PTFE
SPRING ENERGIZED
PTFE
SPRING ENERGIZED
PTFE
SPRING ENERGIZED
PTFE
SPRING ENERGIZED
PTFE
SPRING ENERGIZED
PTFE

FILLED PEEK
FILLED PEEK
FILLED PEEK
FILLED PEEK
FILLED PEEK
FILLED PEEK
FILLED PEEK
FILLED PEEK
FILLED PEEK
FILLED PEEK

Actuators
Hydril provides actuators to serve a variety of
conditions and applications. Three actuators
that Hydril commonly offer with its choke valves
are described below:

Hydril Rotary Ratchet Actuator (RRA-II)

Rotary Ratchet Actuators (RRA) are used to
control the trim position of a production choke in
applications where the valve remains at one
position for long periods of time. RRAs move
the valve trim in even increments for each pulse
of power fluid supplied. The actuator can be
either pneumatic or hydraulic. The RRA is a
fail-in-place type of actuator which does not
require power to maintain position. It can be
supplied with open and closed limit switches, an
electrical position feed back device, visual
position indicator and manual override.

May be supplied with the

following accessories:
Positioner
(diaphragm actuators)
Electro-pneumatic transducers
Electro-pneumatic postitioners
Pressure regulators
Limit switches
Manual override
Travel stops
Override solenoid valves
Hydraulic snubber
Fail-in-place, open or
closed systems
Volume booster

Pneumatic Actuators
Pneumatic diaphragm and piston actuators
normally are used to control production chokes
or control valves in applications where the
valves are continuously modulating. They
require constant air supply to maintain the
required trim position.

Electric Actuators
Electric actuators are primarily used in system
modules where space is not available for pneumatic or hydraulic power sources. Like the RRA,
the electric actuator is used to control the trim
position of a production choke in applications
where the valve remains in one position for prolonged periods of time.
May be supplied with the
following accessories:
Electrical feed back (4-20mA)
Torque override
Limit switches
Manual override
Fail--in-place

The electric actuator is an infinite positioning

type of actuator that can move the valve trim to
any position. The actuator is a fail-in-place type
and does not require power to maintain position.

Page 22

Valve Configurations
3 inch BFB electroless nickel coated manual
valve with clamp-style hubs.

2 inch CFB with diaphragm actuator, valve

positioner, and air filter/regulator.

4 inch BFB clamp-style hubs and Hydril

RRA II
pneumatic actuator, solenoid valves and
position indicator.

6 inch BFB with hydraulic actuator.

8 inch BFC with right angle mount actuator

6 inch BFB with API flanges and Hydril RRA

II hydraulic actuator.

4 inch InLine with 9 API flanges.

Page 23

Headquarters
P.O. Box 60458
Houston, Texas 77205-0458
3300 North Sam Houston Pkwy East
Houston, Texas 77032-3411
Telephone: (281) 449-2000
TLX: 168905 HYDRIL CSD HOU
Fax: (281) 985-3227
e-mail: valvegroup@hydril.com
Internet: www.hydril.com
Singapore
Hydril Private Ltd.
27 Benoi Sector
Singapore 629859
Republic of Singapore
Telephone: (65) 261-2566
Fax: (65) 261-2502

Since 1933, Hydril Company has manufactured a variety of high performance products for
petroleum drilling and production, specializing in high pressure and severe service. These
include high performance chokes, blowout preventers, diverters, pressure control systems, drill stem valves, high performance connections for casing and tubing, subsea
drilling systems, production flow and control systems, and rubber products.

Hydril supports its products and customers with service and manufacturing facilities
worldwide. There are three manufacturing plants in Houston, and 13 other locations in the
United States for repair, manufacturing, field service, and sales. Internationally, manufacturing facilities are located in Canada Scotland, England, Singapore, and Mexico. Hydril
has 19 sales offices, 20 authorized independent repair facilities, and manufacturers representatives in 64 countries.

Aberdeen, Scotland
Hydril U.K. Limited
Minto Avenue
Altens Industrial Estate
Aberdeen, AB1 4JZ
Scotland
Telephone: +44-224-878824
TLX: (851) 739457
Fax: +44-224-898524
Fax: +44-224-895683
Mexico City
Hydril S.A. de C.V
Hamburgo 218
Piso 12
066000 Mexico, D.F.
Telephone: +(525) 208-7088
+(525) 208-7148
+(525) 208-7268
+(525) 208-7208
Fax: +(525) 208-7861