VIP45

VIP40, VIP45
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
VIP40, VIP45
Electrical Network Protection

Reference Manual
NRJED311207EN
12/2011
www.schneider-electric.com
The information provided in this documentation contains general descriptions and/or technical characteristics of the performance of the products contained herein. This documentation is not intended as a
substitute for and is not to be used for determining suitability or reliability of these products for specific
user applications. It is the duty of any such user or integrator to perform the appropriate and complete
risk analysis, evaluation and testing of the products with respect to the relevant specific application or use
thereof. Neither Schneider Electric nor any of its affiliates or subsidiaries shall be responsible or liable for
misuse of the information contained herein. If you have any suggestions for improvements or
amendments or have found errors in this publication, please notify us.
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, without express written permission of Schneider Electric.
All pertinent state, regional, and local safety regulations must be observed when installing and using this
product. For reasons of safety and to help ensure compliance with documented system data, only the
manufacturer should perform repairs to components.
When devices are used for applications with technical safety requirements, the relevant instructions must
be followed.
Failure to observe this information can result in injury or equipment damage.
2011 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved.
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Table of Contents
Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
About the Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 1 At a Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
7
9
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
13
Chapter 2 Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Equipment Receipt and Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mounting/Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting the VIP to the Current Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting the VIP to the Mitop Trip Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Earthing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connector Pinout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
17
18
19
21
22
23
24
25
Chapter 3 Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Advanced Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
List of VIP40 and VIP45 Screens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28
30
32
33
Chapter 4 Functions and Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
Phase Overcurrent Protection (ANSI 50-51) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Earth Fault Protection (ANSI 51N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit Breaker Trip (Mitop Trip Unit Output). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Phase Current Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Earth Fault Current Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Phase Peak Demand Current Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Minimum Tripping Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mitop Trip Unit Trip Circuit Supervision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indication LEDs on the Front Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fault Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36
40
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
51
Chapter 5 Reliability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
53
General Principle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation of the Self-test System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
54
55
Chapter 6 Commissioning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
57
Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking VIP Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Checking the Complete Protection Chain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
58
59
60
61
64
67
Chapter 7 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
69
Expert Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preventive Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pocket Battery Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Troubleshooting Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the VIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replacing the VIP Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
70
73
75
77
79
80
Chapter 8 Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
83
Function Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Technical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Environmental Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internal Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
84
86
87
89
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Safety Information
Important Information
NOTICE
Read these instructions carefully, and look at the equipment to become familiar with the device before
trying to install, operate, or maintain it. The following special messages may appear throughout this
documentation or on the equipment to warn of potential hazards or to call attention to information that
clarifies or simplifies a procedure.
PLEASE NOTE
Electrical equipment should be installed, operated, serviced, and maintained only by qualified personnel.
No responsibility is assumed by Schneider Electric for any consequences arising out of the use of this
material.
A qualified person is one who has skills and knowledge related to the construction and operation of
electrical equipment and its installation, and has received safety training to recognize and avoid the
hazards involved.
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
About the Book
At a Glance
Document Scope
This manual is intended for personnel responsible for installing, commissioning and using VIP protection
relays.
Validity Note
This manual is applicable to all versions of the VIP40 and VIP45 protection relays.
The table below lists the revisions of VIP software versions.
Software Version
Date
Revision
V1.0.0
March 2012
First version of VIP
V1.2.0
October 2011
First commercialization version
User Comments
We welcome your comments about this document. You can reach us by e-mail at techcomm@schneiderelectric.com.
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
VIP40, VIP45
VIP40, VIP45 - At a Glance
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
At a Glance
1
Whats in this Chapter?
This chapter contains the following topics:
Topic
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Page
Introduction
10
Operation
13
Introduction
VIP40s and VIP45s
VIP40 and VIP45 protection relays are designed for the protection and operation of MV/LV utility
substations up to 200 A primary belonging to electrical distribution networks in industrial installations.
VIP40 and VIP45 are protection relays with a self-powered supply. They are powered by their current
sensor and operate without an auxiliary power supply.
The VIP40 protects against phase faults.

The VIP45 protects against phase faults and earth faults.
VIP40s and VIP45s are available in 2 versions: 100 A and 200 A.
Main Advantages of VIP40s and VIP45s

VIPs are part of a complete protection chain:
This protection chain cannot be separated and includes the dedicated current sensor, the VIP
protection relay and the Mitop trip unit.
Use of the dedicated sensor means the complete protection chain performance can be guaranteed.
No sizing study is necessary when choosing the sensor. The sensor dedicated to VIP operation is dual
core type, which provides the power supply and the metering signal separately.
VIPs are easy to install:

They are compact.
The connection terminals are clearly identified.
The sensor and Mitop trip unit connections are prefabricated.
The settings are entered via adjustable switches, using a screwdriver.
VIPs are robust:
The case is made of insulating material.
The unit can withstand harsh environments:
Front panel degree of protection: IP54
Range of operating temperatures: from 40...+70C (40... +158F)
VIP40 and VIP45 Applications

VIP40s and VIP45s are suitable for substations without an auxiliary power supply. They are dedicated to
protecting MV/LV transformers.
They offer the following functions:
Phase overcurrent protection
Earth fault protection (VIP45 only)
Current metering display
10
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Selection Table
The selection table lists the functions performed by VIP40s and VIP45s.
Function
VIP40
VIP45
Phase overcurrent protection (ANSI 50-51)
Earth fault protection using the sum of the currents (ANSI 51N)
Tripping annunciation via LED
Phase current measurement
Phase peak demand current values
Tripping by Mitop trip unit
Mitop trip unit trip circuit supervision
Earth fault current measurement
VIP References
Reference
Description
REL59910
VIP40 protection relay 100 A
REL59911
REL59912
REL59913
Accessory References
Reference
Description
LV434206
Pocket battery module
Current Sensor
VIPs operate exclusively with the dual core CUa current sensor (200 A primary).
This sensor provides:
The VIP power supply
Metering of all 3 phase currents and the earth fault current
Use of the dedicated sensor means the complete protection chain performance (sensor, VIP, Mitop trip
unit) can be guaranteed.
It is very easy to connect VIP relays to the CUa sensor by means of 2 prewired connectors from the
sensor:
1 x 9-pin SUBD connector for metering the phase and earth fault currents
1 x 6-pin lockable connector for the VIP power supply
The CUa current sensor consists of 2 windings per phase, one winding providing the VIP power supply,
the other winding enabling the VIPto measure the phase currents. The earth fault current is measured by
taking the sum of the 3 phase currents inside the sensor.
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11
Current Sensor Connection Block Diagram
1
2
3
Metering windings
VIP power supply windings
dual core CUa sensor
Current Sensor Characteristics

The metering winding is a magnetic core winding hard-wired onto a built-in resistor (LPCT type) supplying
the signals necessary to the VIP metering and protection functions. Characterized in accordance with
class P, the accuracy limit factor is equivalent to 5P50 for the CUa sensor.
Parameters
CUa
Ipn rated primary current
200 A
Isn rated secondary current
0.0833 A
Rated transformation ratio
1/2400
Rated kneepoint voltage Ek (50 Hz)
72 V
Maximum magnetizing current Ie to Ek
4 mA
Maximum resistance of the secondary winding at 75 C
18.8 Ohm
Metering resistance integral to the sensor
1.8 Ohm
Voltage at the terminal of the metering resistance integral to the sensor

(Usr rated secondary voltage)
150 mV/ln
The power supply winding is a magnetic core winding that provides the VIP power supply.
Parameters
CUa
Ipn rated primary current
200 A
Isn rated secondary current
0.377 A
Rated transformation ratio
1/530
Rated kneepoint voltage Ek (50 Hz)
32.9 V
Maximum magnetizing current Ie to Ek

Maximum resistance of the secondary winding at 75
13.5 mA
oC
Consumption at the rated load current
12.4 Ohm
75 mW
Circuit Breaker Control via Mitop Trip Unit

VIPs are compatible with eco 540-turn Mitop trip units.
12
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Operation
Mimic Diagram of VIP40 and VIP45 Operation
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13
14
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VIP40, VIP45
VIP40, VIP45 - Installation
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Installation
2
Topic
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Page
Safety Precautions
16
Precautions
17
Equipment Receipt and Identification
18
Mounting/Assembly
19
Connectors
21
Connecting the VIP to the Current Sensor
22
Connecting the VIP to the Mitop Trip Unit
23
Earthing
24
Connector Pinout
25
15
Safety Precautions
Before Starting
You are responsible for compliance with all the existing international and national electrical codes
concerning protective earthing of any device.
You should also carefully read the safety precautions described below. These instructions must be
followed strictly when installing, servicing or repairing electrical equipment.
DANGER
HAZARD OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, ELECTRIC ARC, BURNS OR EXPLOSION
Only qualified personnel should install this equipment. Such work should be performed only after
reading this entire set of instructions.
NEVER work alone.
Turn off all power supplying this equipment before working on or inside it.
Always use a properly rated voltage sensing device (EN 61243) to confirm that all power is off.
Before performing visual inspections, tests, or maintenance on this equipment:
Disconnect all sources of electric power.
Assume that all circuits are live until they have been completely de-energized, tested and tagged.
Pay particular attention to the design of the power system: consider all sources of power, including
the possibility of backfeeding to the cubicle where the VIP is installed.
Beware of potential hazards, wear personal protective equipment, and carefully inspect the work
area for tools and objects that may have been left inside the equipment.
Successful VIP operation depends upon proper installation, setting, and operation.
Setting the VIP relay requires relevant expertise in the field of electrical network protection. Only
competent people who have this expertise are allowed to set this product.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious injury.
DANGER
HAZARD OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, ELECTRIC ARC OR BURNS
Never leave the current sensor secondary in open circuit. The high voltage that would result from
opening the circuit is dangerous for the operator and for the equipment.
Never disconnect the VIP protection relay current sensor connectors unless the MV circuit breaker
is in the open position and completely isolated.
Wear insulating gloves to avoid any contact with a conductor that has accidentally been energized.
Wear personal protective equipment in compliance with current regulations.
Screw tight all terminals, even those not in use.
CAUTION
RISK OF DAMAGE TO THE VIP
Before performing Dielectric (Hi-Pot) or Megger testing on any equipment in which the relay is
installed, disconnect all input and output wires to the VIP relay. High voltage testing may damage
electronic components contained in the VIP relay.
Do not open the VIP case. The VIP relay contains components that are susceptible to electrostatic
discharge. It is assembled in specially equipped premises. The only permitted operation is removal
of the depleted battery from its compartment on a VIP relay.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in injury or equipment damage.
16
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Precautions
Introduction
VIP protection relays are supplied in one of the following ways:
Individually packaged
Installed in a cubicle
The transport, handling and storage precautions for VIP relays vary depending on which of these two
methods is used.
VIP in its Original Packaging
Transport
VIP relays can be shipped to any destination by all suitable means of transport, without taking any
additional precautions.
Storage
VIP relays can be stored in their original packaging in a location with the following environmental
characteristics:
Temperature: 40...+70C (40...+158F)
Humidity 90%
Storage is limited to a maximum of one month if the relative humidity is higher than 93% and the
temperature higher than +40C (+104F).
If the relays are to be stored for an extended period, we recommend the following:
Do not unpack the VIP prior to its intended period of use.
Check the environment and the condition of the packaging annually.
Once the VIP relay has been unpacked, it should be energized as soon as possible.
More information on handling and storage is available in VIP Technical Characteristics (see page 86).
VIP Installed in a Cubicle
Transport
VIP relays can be shipped by all suitable means of transport in the usual conditions for cubicles.
Storage conditions should be taken into consideration for a long period of transport.
Handling
If the cubicle is dropped, check the VIPs condition by visual inspection and energizing.
Storage
We recommend keeping the cubicle protective packaging for as long as possible.
VIP relays, like all electronic units, should not be stored in a damp environment for more than
one month. They should be energized as quickly as possible. If this is not possible, the cubicle
reheating system should be activated.
VIP Used in a Damp Environment

The temperature/relative humidity factors must be compatible with the environmental withstand
characteristics of the VIP (see page 87).
If the conditions of use are outside the normal zone, special arrangements should be made before
commissioning, such as air conditioning of the premises.
VIP Used in a Polluted Environment
An industrial atmosphere contaminated by the presence of chlorine, hydrofluoric acid, sulfur, solvents,
etc. can cause corrosion of the electronic components. In this case, environmental control arrangements
should be made (such as closed, pressurized premises with filtered air, etc.) before commissioning.
The effect of corrosion on VIP relays has been tested in accordance with standard IEC 60068-2-60 under
the following "2-gas" test conditions:
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
21 days duration
25C (77F), 75% relative humidity
0.5 ppm H2S, 1 ppm SO2
17
Equipment Receipt and Identification

Equipment Receipt
The VIP relay is shipped in a cardboard box which protects it against any knocks received in transport.
On receipt, check that the packaging has not been damaged. If it has, note any anomaly on the delivery
slip and inform your supplier.
Package Contents
The box contains the following items:
A VIP
A certificate of conformity
Identification Label
The identification label on the front panel is used to identify the VIP:
1
2
3
Product name
Product reference
Serial number
Check After Unpacking

Make sure that the VIP relay supplied corresponds to the product ordered.
18
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Mounting/Assembly
Introduction
VIP relays weigh 380 g (0.84 lb) maximum and are flush-mounted in a mounting plate 1 to 2.5 mm (0.04
to 0.1 in) thick.
They are designed to be mounted indoors.
To ensure a waterproof seal, the surface of the panel must be smooth and solid.
Dimensions
Cut-out
Cut out the mounting plate as indicated:
CAUTION
HAZARD OF CUTS
Trim the edges of the cut-out plates to remove any jagged edges.
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19
Installing the VIP

The VIP relay is held in place by 6 metal catches on the sides, behind the front panel:
20
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Connectors
Introduction
All the VIP connectors can be accessed on the rear panel. They are removable.
Identification of the Connectors on the Rear Panel
B Connector for the self-powered supply

D Connector for the Mitop trip unit
E Connector for the phase and earth fault current inputs
Protective earth
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21
Connecting the VIP to the Current Sensor

Introduction
The VIP protection relay is connected to the dual core CUa (200 A) current sensor using 2 prewired
connectors:
1 x 9-pin SUBD connector to measure the phase and earth fault currents (connector E)
1 x 6-pin lockable connector for the VIP power supply (connector B)
DANGER

Connection Precautions
1 Check that the MV circuit breaker is in the open position or is not connected to the electrical network.
2 Connect the 9-pin SUBD connector to connector E on the VIP and tighten the 2 mounting screws.
3 Connect the 6-pin lockable connector to connector B on the VIP.
22
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Connecting the VIP to the Mitop Trip Unit

Introduction
The VIP protection relay is connected to the Mitop trip unit with a 2-pin prewired connector from the Mitop
trip unit.
Connection Precautions
Connect the lockable 2-pin connector to the VIP (item D).
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23
Earthing
Connection Characteristics
Label
Wiring
Type of Terminal
Screwdriver
Tightening Torque
Green-yellow wire 6 mm
M5 screw
Philips no. 2
2...2.3 Nm
(17.7...20.4 lb-in)
(AWG 10)
Lug with internal diameter 5
mm (0.197 in) maximum

Length < 0.5 m (20 in)
24
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Connector Pinout
Connector B Pinout
Connecting the VIP Self-Powered
Supply
Terminal Data Item Connected

1
Phase current output 1
Phase current input 1
Connector D Pinout
Connecting the Mitop Trip Unit to the
VIP

1
Mitop trip unit - terminal
Mitop trip unit + terminal
Connector E Pinout
Connecting the Phase and Earth Fault
Current Measurement Inputs
NRJED311207EN 12/2011

1
Phase current 1 (Gnd)
Phase current 2 (Signal)
Earth fault current (Signal)
Gnd (not connected to the dual core CUa sensor)
Earth fault current (Gnd)
25
26
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VIP40, VIP45
VIP40, VIP45 - Use
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Use
3
Topic
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Page
Operation
28
Settings
30
Advanced Settings
32
List of VIP40 and VIP45 Screens
33
27
VIP40, VIP45 - Use
Operation
Front Panel
The User-Machine Interface (UMI) on the front panel of VIP40 and VIP45 relays consists of a display,
LEDs, keys and adjustment dials.
A transparent sealable pivoting flap can prevent access to the adjustment dials by unauthorized persons.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Display
Lugs for opening the transparent protective flap
Transparent protective flap
Imax. peak demand display button
Sealing ring
Test/Reset button
Status LED
Space for a user-customizable label
Trip fault indication LED
Identification label
Symbol indicating that it is necessary to read the manual
Display
The display is an LCD unit.
During operation, the display indicates the value of the current on each phase in succession. Each phase
remains displayed for 3 seconds before automatically changing to the next. The display is in amps, on
three digits.
NOTE: If the phase current is less than the pick-up current (see page 86), the VIP is not activated and
the display is off.
Lugs for Opening the Transparent Protective Flap
To open the flap, pull both lugs simultaneously. The flap pivots open on its 2 bottom hinges.
Transparent Protective Flap
The sealable flap can prevent modification of the VIP settings. Because the flap is transparent, the
settings are legible when it is closed.
Imax. Button: Peak Demand Display
Pressing the Imax. button triggers a sequence displaying the peak demand currents for all 3 phases in
succession. After this sequence, the VIP automatically returns to displaying the phase currents.
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VIP40, VIP45 - Use
Test/Reset Button
After a trip, pressing this button stops the flashing trip indication.
This button can also be used to:
Test the built-in battery. When pressing the Test/Reset button, the fault indication LED lights up
immediately to indicate that the battery is OK.
Perform the lamp test if the relay is supplied with power. Pressing the Test/Reset button for
5 seconds causes all the display segments and the

software version number.
status LED to light up, and displays the
Status LED
The status LED provides information about the VIPs general status:
Pictogram
Color
Event
Red
LED permanently on: the VIP has gone into the fail-safe position following
detection by the embedded self-tests of the failure of one of its internal

components, involving a risk of nuisance tripping. In this case, the VIP is no
longer operational.
NOTE: This LED may light up briefly when the VIP is energized: this is normal and
does not indicate a failure.
LED flashing: the VIP has detected a failure not involving a risk of nuisance
tripping. In this case, the VIP has not gone into the fail-safe position.
Intervention is required as soon as possible (see page 77). The LED stops
flashing as soon as the failure disappears.
Space for User-Customizable Label

There is a special space for a user-customizable label for the Trip LED.
Trip LED: Fault Indication
The fault indication LED flashes to indicate that the VIP has sent a trip order to the circuit breaker. After
circuit breaker opening, when the VIP is no longer supplied with power by its sensor, the built-in battery
makes the LED flash.
The LED stops flashing:
Automatically after 24 hours
When the current returns, on circuit breaker closing (if the current is higher than the pick-up current)
When the Test/Reset button is pressed
When the pocket battery module is connected then disconnected
NOTE: The VIPs built-in battery only supplies power to the fault indication LED and displays the type of
fault. It has no role in operating the protection functions.
Identification Label
The identification label on the front panel is used to identify the VIP:
Product name
Product reference
Serial number
Symbol: Necessary to Read the Manual
The
product.
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
symbol indicates that it is necessary to read the VIP reference manual before working on the
29
VIP40, VIP45 - Use
Settings
Front Panel
When the protective flap is opened, you can enter the protection settings by means of the rotary switches.
To do this, use a 3 mm flat blade screwdriver.
VIP40
VIP45
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Phase overcurrent protection adjustment dial

Setting range selector switch
Advanced settings protective cover
Connection port for the pocket battery module
Trip test button
Phase overcurrent protection adjustment dial

Setting range selector switch
Earth fault protection set point adjustment dial
Earth fault protection time delay adjustment dial
Advanced settings protective cover
Connection port for the pocket battery module
Trip test button
Phase Overcurrent Protection Adjustment Dial

The setting is entered directly in Amps using the 9-position switch. The selector switch has 2 graduated
rings, each corresponding to a range of settings. The range is selected using the setting range selector
switch.
Setting Range Selector Switch
The setting range selector switch has 2 positions. It selects the active graduated ring.
Earth Fault Protection Adjustment Dial
The set point is set directly in Amps using the 9-position switch.
The time delay setting is entered directly in seconds using the 9-position switch.
NOTE: The earth fault protection adjustment dials are only found on the VIP45.
Temporary Display of the Changed Setting
When VIP relays are energized, they display temporarily the value of the setting after a switch has
changed position.
Connection Port for the Pocket Battery Module
The connector is used to connect the pocket battery module so that the VIPs can be energized and
tested. More information is available in the section describing Commissioning (see page 57).
NOTE: The pocket battery module should only be used during maintenance or commissioning by
qualified personnel and must never be left permanently connected to a running VIP.
Trip test Button
The Trip test button is used for testing VIPs. A 5 mm diameter pointed tool is needed to activate it. More
information is available in the section describing Commissioning (see page 57).
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VIP40, VIP45 - Use
Frequency
The network frequency (50 Hz or 60 Hz) is a parameter that must be known for operation of the VIP40
and VIP45 signal processing algorithms. They therefore have an automatic frequency recognition
system. The recognized value (50 Hz or 60 Hz) is stored and the VIP works permanently with this value.
This stored value will be used each time the VIP starts.
For the VIP to recognize the network frequency and store it, it has to detect a current on phase 1 for a
minimum period of 5 seconds in the range 50 Hz +/- 2 Hz or 60 Hz +/- 2 Hz. This detection happens when
the VIP starts.
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
31
VIP40, VIP45 - Use
Advanced Settings
Front Panel
To access the advanced settings, remove the advanced settings protective cover.
Both settings can be entered using a single selector switch:
Discrimination with the LV CB
Earth fault protection inrush current delay
NOTE: These settings are entered, if necessary, when the installation is commissioned. By default, they
are in the OFF position.
VIP40
1
2
VIP45
Discrimination with the LV CB

Earth fault protection inrush current delay
Discrimination With the LV CB

On the VIP front panel, this function is identified by Discrimination with the LV CB.
This function is used, if necessary, to adapt the VIP phase overcurrent protection tripping curve when the
MV/LV transformer secondary is protected by a circuit breaker. The 2 possible settings for this function
are as follows:
Setting
Description
ON
An additional time delay is implemented to provide discrimination with the downstream circuit breaker
short time set point.
OFF
When the transformer secondary is protected by LV fuses, it is advisable to leave the function OFF.
More information is available in the section describing Overcurrent Protection (see page 36).
Earth Fault Protection Inrush Current Delay
The earth fault protection inrush current delay function is only found on the VIP45. On the front panel, it
is identified by EF inrush delay.
Setting
Description
ON
Time delay activated routinely when the VIP45 starts up. This time delay only applies to earth fault
protection and does not apply to overcurrent protection.
OFF
No additional time delay.
More information is available in the section describing Earth Fault Protection (see page 40).
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VIP40, VIP45 - Use
List of VIP40 and VIP45 Screens

Phase Current Menu
The screens scroll down one after another. These are the default screens for the VIP40 and VIP45:
No.
Screen
Description
Displays phase current I1.
Displays an error code after I3 only when a a failure not involving a risk of
nuisance tripping is detected, see Operation of the Self-test System
(see page 55) chapter.
Peak Demand Values Menu

The screens scroll down one after another:
No.
Screen
Description
Displays the data tag for peak demand phase current I1.
Displays the value of peak demand phase current I1.
Expert Menu
See the Expert (see page 70) menu.
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33
VIP40, VIP45 - Use
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VIP40, VIP45
VIP40, VIP45 - Functions and Parameters
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Functions and Parameters
4
Topic
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Page
Phase Overcurrent Protection (ANSI 50-51)
36
Earth Fault Protection (ANSI 51N)
40
Circuit Breaker Trip (Mitop Trip Unit Output)
43
Phase Current Measurement
44
Earth Fault Current Measurement
45
Phase Peak Demand Current Values
46
Minimum Tripping Time
47
Mitop Trip Unit Trip Circuit Supervision
48
Indication LEDs on the Front Panel
49
Fault Acknowledgement
51
35
Phase Overcurrent Protection (ANSI 50-51)

Description
Phase overcurrent protection is used to detect overcurrents due to overloads or phase-to-phase faults. It
uses a special tripping curve, adapted to protection of MV/LV transformers.
The I> set point is the only setting for this protection function. It should be set to a value higher than or
equal to the rated current for the MV/LV transformer to be protected.
From this one setting, the 3 tripping curve zones protect the transformer against:
Overloads, via thermal overload protection based on measurement of the rms currents from the
3 phase CTs, taking account of harmonic numbers up to 15 at 50 Hz (or up to 13 at 60 Hz).
Phase-to-phase faults at the transformer secondary, via a special IDMT curve with a slope
comparable to the MV or LV fuse curves. This special curve simplifies coordination with downstream
LV fuses or upstream MV fuses. If the VIP is upstream of an LV circuit breaker, a setting can be
activated to modify the curve and simplify coordination of the VIP with the short time set points of the
downstream LV trip units.
Phase-to-phase faults at the transformer primary, via an instantaneous DT curve, which
guarantees a fast tripping time (typically less than 30 ms, depending on the parameter setting).
The phase-to-phase fault tripping curve (at the primary or the secondary) is based on the measurement
of the fundamental component of the currents produced by all 3 phase CTs. This type of measurement
can be used to reduce the sensitivity of the transformer inrush currents.
Tripping Curve
1
2
3
4
5
Overload pick-up curves

Secondary fault pick-up curve
Primary fault pick-up curve
CB curve
FUSE curve
Setting the I> set point triggers movement of the whole curve. The characteristics of the 3 tripping
curve zones are detailed below.
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Overload Pick-Up Curve (Between 1.2 and 3.5 I>)

The overload pick-up curve is based on a thermal model which allows users to calculate the thermal
capacity used based on the current measurements. The thermal capacity used is calculated using the
formula defined by standard CEI 60255-8. It is proportional to the square of the current taken and
depends on the previous thermal capacity used status. Operation is comparable to the long time set
points of the downstream LV breaker trip units.
It is expressed using the equation below:
where:
E(t): Thermal capacity used value at time t
E(t-t): Thermal capacity used value at time t-t
I(t): Current value measured at time t
I>: Value of the ANSI 50-51 protection setting set point
: Heating/cooling time constant, defined at 10 minutes, typical value for MV/LV transformers
The heat transfer of the current I(t) is defined by the term below:
The devices natural cooling is defined by the term below:
The protection trips if the thermal capacity used is more than 100%.
The asymptote of the tripping curve is defined by the I> setting multiplied by a fixed coefficient of 1.2.
Calculating the Tripping Time
For a continuous current higher than the tripping set point, it is possible to calculate the tripping time using
the equation below:
where:
I: Overload current (maximum of the 3 phase currents)
I>: ANSI 50-51 protection setting set point
: Heating/cooling time constant (10 min = 600 s)
Ito: Equivalent thermal current before application of the overload
ln(): Natural logarithm function
The equivalent thermal current Ito corresponds to the continuous current which would have resulted in
the same thermal capacity used before application of the overload.
The tripping curve shown in the figure above is given for a zero initial thermal current Ito.
This curve, called "cold curve", is defined by the equation below:
The dotted-line curve in the overload zone corresponds to the tripping time for an initial thermal capacity
used equal to the I> setting set point.
This curve, called "warm curve", is defined by the equation below:
Examples of Tripping Times (Rounded Up or Down to the Nearest 0.1 s):

Current
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Td (Where Ito = 0)
Td (Where Ito = I>)
1.5 I>
613.0 s
260.3 s
2 I>
267.8 s
95.2 s
2.5 I>
157.1 s
52.5 s
3 I>
104.6 s
33.9 s
3.5 I>
75.0 s
23.9 s
37
Depending on the initial thermal capacity used caused by changes in the load current, the tripping time
in the event of an overload will be in the range of times indicated above.
The current thermal capacity used is not saved in the event of loss of the VIP power supply, or when the
phase currents fall below the value of the VIP pick-up current. Each time the VIP wakes up, the equivalent
thermal current Ito is reset to zero.
Secondary Fault Pick-up Curve (Between 3.5 and 20 I>)
The secondary fault pick-up curve is IDMT type, with a tripping time that depends on the current value.
It allows the phase-to-phase fault at the MV/LV transformer secondary to be eliminated, while ensuring
coordination with the downstream fuses or LV circuit breakers.
This curve, called FUSE, is defined by the special equation below:
where:
I: Measured fault current (maximum of the 3 phase currents)
I>: 50-51 protection setting set point
The main characteristics of the FUSE curve are:
An asymptote defined at 3.5 I>
3
A 1/I slope to obtain a slope comparable with the LV or MV blown fuse curves This similarity
simplifies coordination with downstream LV fuses or upstream MV fuses.
This IDMT curve is managed in accordance with the recommendations of standard CEI 60255-151, which
defines the standardized IDMT curves (IEC or IEEE curves). In particular, this curve applies the concept
of integration if the current amplitude changes during the fault (open-ended fault). This concept can
ensure discrimination between the VIP curve and an upstream protection relay that uses standardized
IDMT curves.
FUSE/CB Curve Selection:
By default, the VIP uses the FUSE curve over the whole range 3.5 I> to 20 I>. This curve simplifies
coordination with downstream LV fuses.
If the VIP is upstream of an LV circuit breaker, it is advisable to activate the CB curve via the setting on
the front panel.
The CB curve activates a minimum time delay of 600 ms, which is applied between 8 I> and 20 I> (dottedline curve in the above figure). This time delay ensures coordination with the short time set point of the
downstream LV trip unit. This short time set point is usually set with a DT time delay of 0.2 s to 0.4 s,
which could overlap with the FUSE curve and make both protection stages non-discriminating. If
necessary, activation of the CB curve can ensure discrimination with the LV circuit breaker.
Primary Fault Pick-Up Curve (Above 20 I>)
The primary fault pick-up curve is DT type, with an instantaneous tripping time delay for a current higher
than 20 I>. It allows a phase-to-phase fault at the MV/LV transformer primary to be eliminated quickly.
If the I> set point is set to a value higher than or equal to the rated current for the protected MV/LV
transformer, this high set point, above 20 In, does not see faults at the secondary. This current discrimination ensures coordination with LV protection functions.
The VIP tripping time in this range is less than 20 ms (VIP already supplied with power) for short-circuit
currents higher than 40 I>.
Minimum tripping time:
Depending on the device used, a minimum tripping time can be activated to comply with the circuit
breaker breaking capacities. In this example, an additional 30 ms time delay is added to the primary fault
pick-up curve.
More information is available in the section describing Minimum Tripping Time (see page 47).
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Protection Operation
If the maximum of the 3 phase currents exceeds the 1.2 I> set point, the Trip fault indication LED flashes
quickly. If the current falls back below the 1.2 I> set point before the time delay expires, the Trip LED goes
out.
After expiry of the tripping time delay:
The Trip LED flashes slowly.
The Mitop trip unit output is activated.
The OC error message is displayed on the screen.
Pressing the Test/Reset button acknowledges the fault (see page 51) and causes the Trip LED to go out.
Settings
Setting
I> set
point
Authorized Values
VIP40 100 A
VIP45 100 A
5 A, 6 A, 7 A, 8 A, 10 A, 12 A, 15 A, 18 A, 21 A, 25 A, 30 A, 35 A, 40 A,
50 A, 60 A, 70 A, 80 A, 100 A
VIP40 200 A
VIP45 200 A
5 A, 6 A, 8 A, 10 A, 12 A, 15 A, 20 A, 25 A, 30 A, 35 A, 45 A, 55 A, 70 A,
85 A, 105 A, 130 A, 160 A, 200 A
Discrimination with LV CB
(Discrimination with LV CB)
OFF / ON
Mandatory Setting for Using the Function: I> Set Point

Typically, the set point is defined at the setting immediately above the rated current for the protected
MV/LV transformer.
Example:
For a transformer 1 MVA - 11 kV/0.4 kV where In = 52.5 A:
With the VIP 100 A, I> is set at 60 A.
With the VIP 200 A, I> is set at 55 A.
Additional Setting: Activation of the CB Curve
OFF (default setting): If the VIP protection relay is upstream of the LV fuses.
ON: If the VIP protection relay is upstream of an LV circuit breaker and the discrimination rules
between the FUSE curve and the short time set points of the LV protection functions are not adhered
to (minimum discrimination interval of 200 ms).
Sensitivity to Transformer Inrush Currents
When a transformer closes, the magnetizing currents can reach amplitudes, in peak values, of around 5
to 15 times the rated transformer current. These transient currents can be the source of nuisance tripping
of the ANSI 51 protection functions.
extrait de CT192
These inrush currents have a strong aperiodic component, as can be seen in the curve below:
I
I(t) = I(0).e t
If the VIP I> set point is set to a value higher than or equal to the transformer rated current, the VIP
protection relay IDMT curve will not be affected by the inrush currents.
In addition, the VIP current measurement used for the secondary fault and primary fault pick-up curves
is based on the measurement of the current fundamental component (50 Hz or 60 Hz component). De
facto, it is unaffected by the presence of an aperiodic component. Typically, the maximum current
measured by the VIP during closing will be 35% of the inrush current peak value stated by the transformer
manufacturer.
This 35% factor takes account of:
The 1/2 factor for switching from the peak value to the rms value
The 1/2 factor associated with elimination of the DC component
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
39
Earth Fault Protection (ANSI 51N)

Description
Earth fault protection is used to detect overcurrents due to phase-to-earth faults. It uses the measurement
of the earth fault current fundamental component, calculated based on the sum of the 3 phase CTs.
This protection offers a definite time tripping curve, with setting of the Io> set point and to> time delay.
Example: Definite time tripping curve
Additional Functions
The VIP integrates functions that complement earth fault protection:
Harmonic 2 restraint:
Since the earth fault current measurement is calculated from the sum of the 3 phase CTs, the aperiodic
component of the transformer inrush currents can cause transient saturation of the phase CTs and
lead to incorrect earth fault current measurement likely to result in nuisance tripping of the earth fault
protection. To authorize relatively sensitive settings, without a risk of nuisance tripping when the
transformer is energized, operation of the earth protection function is dependent upon a restraint
based on detection of the second harmonic component in the phase currents. This harmonic 2
restraint is always active.
Inrush current delay (inrush current delay):
In certain cases, the harmonic 2 restraint may not be enough to avoid nuisance tripping of the earth
fault protection when the transformer trips. In these scenarios, it is possible to implement a 1-second
time delay, activated at the time the VIP wakes up, which is added to the to> earth fault protection time
delay. This time delay can avoid tripping of the earth fault inrush current protection. Other application
scenarios for this time delay are described in the rest of this section. By default, this inrush current
delay is not active.
Protection Operation
If the residual current exceeds the Io> set point, the Trip LED flashes quickly. If the current falls back
below the Io> set point before the time delay expires, the Trip LED goes out.
After expiry of the to> tripping time delay:
The Trip LED flashes slowly.
The Mitop trip unit output is activated.
The EF error message is displayed on the screen.
Pressing the Test/Reset button acknowledges the fault (see page 51) and causes the Trip LED to go out.
Earth Fault Protection Harmonic 2 Restraint Operation
Harmonic 2 restraint is based on the continuous calculation of the harmonic 2 ratio in all 3 phase currents.
This ratio is calculated on the basis of the quadratic sums of the fundamental (H1) and harmonic 2 (H2)
components.
This ratio is compared to a fixed set point of 17%. If the set point is exceeded, the Io> set point is inhibited.
An increase in the harmonic 2 ratio in the phase currents is typical of saturation of the phase CTs on a
primary current with an aperiodic component. On power transformer energizing, the aperiodic component
of the magnetizing currents usually results in saturation of the CTs. Detection of harmonic 2 can be used
to inhibit the earth fault protection throughout energization. This restraint automatically disables itself
once the H2 ratio decreases.
40
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
The graph below illustrates the incorrect residual current and the change in the transformer inrush
current harmonic 2 ratio:
1
2
3
4
Inrush phase currents 1, 2, 3

Incorrect residual current
Harmonic 2 ratio
H2 restraint set point: 17%
This restraint may not be enough in two relatively unusual scenarios:

The power transformer magnetizing currents and saturation of the phase CTs do not generate
sufficient H2 component levels for the H2 ratio to exceed the restraint pick-up threshold.
Transformer energizing creates a large load on the secondary, which can significantly reduce the
H2/H1 ratio at the time of energization, and prevent activation of the restraint.
In these scenarios, if transformer energizing results in nuisance tripping of the earth fault protection, it is
advisable to increase the earth fault protection set point or activate the inrush current delay
(see page 41).
In the event of an intermittent phase-to-earth fault (or recurrent fault), the H2 restraint ratio can exceed
the 17% set point and result in unwanted blocking of the earth fault protection. An algorithm patented by
Schneider Electric can prevent this unwanted activation of the restraint on this type of fault. This principle
is based on detection of a sufficient H2/H1 ratio in at least 2 phase currents.
Operation of the Inrush Current Delay
If this function is activated from the front panel of the protection relay, it implements a 1-second time
delay, activated each time the VIP wakes up. This time delay is added to the earth fault protection to>
time delay. On transformer energizing, the phase currents rising above the pick-up current cause the VIP
to wake up and activates the 1-second time delay. This time delay allows the incorrect residual current
associated with the transformer magnetizing currents to pass through. Depending on the transformer
power, these magnetizing currents have time constants of around 100 to 500 ms. The 1-second time
delay hides the incorrect residual current, even for a to> time delay set to its minimum value
(0.1 second).
This inrush current delay has no effect on the phase protection.
If the harmonic 2 restraint is sufficient to stabilize the earth fault protection, it is not advisable to implement
this time delay because it has the disadvantage of starting each time the VIP wakes up. If the load current
falls below the pick-up current (without circuit breaker opening) and the VIP waking up is associated with
the appearance of a phase-to-earth fault, this current inrush delay postpones circuit breaker tripping
unnecessarily.
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41
Settings
Setting
Io> set point
to> time delay
Values
Settings (A) for:
VIP40 100 A
VIP45 100 A
5, 8, 12, 20, 30, 45, 65, 100, OFF
Settings (A) for:

VIP40 200 A
VIP45 200 A
5, 8, 15, 25, 40, 70, 120, 200, OFF
Settings (s)
0.1 0.15 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1(1)
Inrush current delay ():

(EF inrush delay)
OFF / ON
NOTE:
(1)
Impact of the pick-up time:
In the event of an earth fault, with the load current previously lower than the pick-up current or in the event of
closure on a fault, the tripping time is equal to the time delay that has been set plus the VIP45 pick-up time.
For an earth fault current higher than 10 A, the pick-up time is between 15 ms and 120 ms depending on the fault
current (see page 86).

For an earth fault current lower than 10 A, the pick-up time can exceed the time interval that guarantees time
discrimination with the upstream relay. In this particular scenario, the pick-up time can lead to the VIP45 relay and
the upstream relay tripping twice.
Settings for Using the Function

Mandatory settings:
Io> set point setting
to> delay setting
Additional setting:
Activation of the inrush current delay: OFF by default
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NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Circuit Breaker Trip (Mitop Trip Unit Output)

Description
The 2 protections integrated in the VIP are:
Phase overcurrent (ANSI 50/51)
Earth fault protection (ANSI 51N)
The 2 integrated protection functions and tripping in temporary test mode cause activation of the Mitop
trip unit. The Mitop trip unit is integrated in the circuit breaker opening mechanism.
Operation
The Mitop trip unit output activation logic is defined by the following block diagram:
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
43

Description
The phase current measurement is displayed on the default screen. All 3 phase currents are displayed
in succession for 2 seconds for each phase. An indicator to the left of the screen indicates the phase
corresponding to the measurement displayed.
The phase current measured is the rms value of the current, and takes account of harmonic numbers up
to 15 at 50 Hz (or up to 13 at 60 Hz).
The display range is 0 to 999 A.
For a phase current higher than 999 A, the display indicates ---.
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Earth Fault Current Measurement

Description
The earth fault current measurement function displays the value of the earth fault current fundamental;
this corresponds to the residual current calculated based on the sum of the 3 phase currents. The
metering display is in the Expertmenu (see page 70).
The display range is 0 to 299 A.
For a residual current higher than 299 A, the display indicates ---.
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
45

Description
The phase peak demand current metering function can be accessed by pressing the Imax. button. The
screen displays the peak demand for all 3 phases in succession before reverting to measuring the
3 phase currents (default screens).
The peak demand values display the largest demand current value for each phase over a fixed 5-minute
integration period. This function makes it possible to find out the current taken during the load peaks.
Peak Demand Values Reset
Step
Action
Press and release the Imax. button to start displaying the peak demand values.
Press the Imax. and Test/Reset buttons simultaneously while the peak demand values are scrolling to
reset all 3 peak demand values.
NOTE:
46
When the VIP is first initialized (on leaving the factory), the values of the 3 peak demand values display
0 A. The VIP needs to have run for at least 5 minutes with a current other than zero for the peak
demand values to display values other than zero.
All 3 peak demand values are saved in the event of loss of the VIP power supply (phase currents lower
than the pick-up current).
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Minimum Tripping Time

Description
Depending on the type of switchgear associated with the VIP, a minimum tripping time must be
implemented or not to avoid the circuit breaker breaking at the start of asymmetry during a high shortcircuit current which could cause tripping too quickly..
These parameters are set in the factory. However, so that checks can be made on site, the Expert menu
can be used to view the factory-set parameters.
More information is available in the section describing the Expert Menu (see page 70).
Operation
If the minimum tripping time has been activated, a minimum time delay of 30 ms is applied to the
instantaneous output of the phase protection function.
This minimum time delay is mainly applied to the phase protection primary fault pick-up curve, for phase
currents 20 times higher than the set point.
For tripping times longer than 50 or 70 ms (overload or secondary fault detection zones), this minimum
tripping time serves no purpose.
The minimum tripping time has no impact on earth fault protection because the minimum tripping time is
100 ms.
The impact of the minimum tripping time on the phase overcurrent protection curve is illustrated in the
figure below:
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
47
Mitop Trip Unit Trip Circuit Supervision

Description
The VIP continuously tests the Mitop trip unit control loop to ensure there are no breaks.
If a break is detected in the circuit, the VIP does not go into the fail-safe position and remains operational:
48
The
status LED on the front panel flashes as long as the failure is present.
The Er14 message is displayed on the front panel as long as the failure is present.
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Indication LEDs on the Front Panel

Status LED
VIPs have 1 status LED:
Pictogram
Color
Event
Red
LED permanently on: the VIP has gone into the fail-safe position following
detection by the embedded self-tests of the failure of one of its internal

components, involving a risk of nuisance tripping. In this case, the VIP is no
longer operational.
NOTE: This LED may light up briefly when the VIP is energized: this is normal and
does not indicate a failure.
LED flashing: the VIP has detected a failure not involving a risk of nuisance
tripping. The VIP remains operational. The LED stops flashing as soon as the
failure disappears.
Fault Indication LED

VIPs have a red Trip fault indication LED.
The Trip LED flashes to indicate that the VIP has sent a trip order to the circuit breaker. An error message
is always associated with this flashing (see page 49).
After circuit breaker opening, when the VIP is no longer supplied with power by its sensor, the built-in
battery makes the LED flash.
The LED goes out after a fault acknowledgement action:
Automatically, when primary current is present
Automatically after 24 hours, to preserve the battery life
After connecting then disconnecting the pocket battery module
The fault indication LED is as follows:

Pictogram
Trip
Slow Flashing
Tripping:
By the phase overcurrent protection
By the earth fault protection (VIP45 only)
By the temporary test mode
Quicker flashing may occur before the protection trips, to indicate the following information:
Pictogram
Quick Flashing
Trip
Overshoot of the instantaneous set point for phase overcurrent protection (pick-up output)
Overshoot of the instantaneous set point for earth fault protection (VIP45 only: pick-up output)
Downcounting of the tripping time delay in temporary test mode
Display of the Last Fault

Each time a fault is detected by the VIP, a screen corresponding to the fault is generated and memorized.
Whether the error message is displayed on the screen depends on the VIP power supply status after the
fault:
If the VIP is no longer supplied with power after the fault, the error message is displayed on screen
thanks to the internal battery. The message disappears:
By pressing the Test/Reset button while the error message is displayed
Automatically, when primary current is present
Automatically after 24 hours, to preserve the battery life. In this case, the cause of the last trip can
be displayed again by connecting the pocket battery module. If the cause of the last trip had not
been acknowledged earlier, it is displayed on screen and can be acknowledged using the
Test/Reset button.
After connecting then disconnecting the pocket battery module
If the VIP is still supplied with power by the primary current after the fault, the error message can
appear temporarily on screen, then disappear because it is automatically acknowledged if the primary
current remains higher than the pick-up current after the trip. This example is not an actual operating
scenario, but may be encountered during a lab test.
If the battery is missing or depleted, the cause of the last trip is displayed automatically (if it had not been
acknowledged earlier) when the pocket battery module is connected (see page 75).
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
49
NOTE: Display of the last fault disappears when the operator presses the Test/Reset button or when
primary current is present. However, it is still possible to view the last recorded fault in the Expert menu.
Particular Scenarios
Scenario 1: If power is restored to the VIP (primary current or test battery module) during the 24 hours
after tripping on a fault that has not been acknowledged, the 24-hour time delay is reactivated (fault
message displayed and fault LED flashing).
Scenario 2: At the end of the 24-hour time delay, if the fault has not been acknowledged, restoring power
to the VIP causes the last fault message to be re-displayed and the LED to flash. The 24-hour time delay
is not restarted.
50
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Fault Acknowledgement
Description
Faults are acknowledged:
Manually, by pressing the Test/Reset button when the error message is displayed
Automatically when primary current is present
Fault acknowledgement includes:

Extinction of the fault indication LED
Disappearance of the error message
NOTE: Acknowledgement of a fault does not change the last fault that can be viewed in the Expert menu.
NOTE: If the fault has not been acknowledged by one of the above-mentioned methods and the pocket
battery module is connected, the LED and the error message remain active until the pocket battery
module is disconnected.
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51
52
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VIP40, VIP45
VIP40, VIP45 - Reliability
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Reliability
5
Topic
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Page
General Principle
54
Operation of the Self-test System
55
53
General Principle
Taking Account of Protection Relay Failures
Operational reliability is the property that allows its users to have well-placed confidence in the service
that the VIP protection relay delivers. For a VIP, operational reliability consists of ensuring the safety and
availability of the installation.
This means avoiding the following 2 situations:
Nuisance tripping of the protection:
Continuity of the electrical power supply is as vital for a manufacturer as it is for an electricity
distribution company. Nuisance tripping caused by the protection can result in considerable financial
losses. This situation affects the availability of the protection.
Failure of the protection to trip:
The consequences of a fault that is not eliminated can be catastrophic. For safety of operation, the
protection relay must detect faults in the electrical network as quickly as possible, using discrimination.
This situation affects the safety of the installation.
To comply with this approach, the VIP is equipped with self-tests that continuously check all its electronics
and embedded software are operating correctly.
The purpose of the self-tests is to put the VIP into a deterministic position, called the fail-safe position, in
the event of failure or malfunction of one of its internal components.
The VIPs failure must never cause the circuit breaker to open. However, in the event of a failure, the
protection is no longer operational and discrimination no longer occurs. This is not a problem while no
other faults exist downstream and the network can be used temporarily as it is.
When a new downstream fault occurs, the circuit breaker upstream trips and a larger part of the network
is shut down. To avoid leaving the network permanently in this state, with a failure that has not been
announced, it is essential to monitor that the VIP is operating correctly.
Fail-Safe Position
In fail-safe position:
The VIP is no longer operational and the network is no longer protected.
54
The
status LED is permanently on, if there is sufficient network current to power the VIP.
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Operation of the Self-test System

Purpose of the Self-test System
On initialization and cyclically during operation, the VIP runs a series of self-tests. These self-tests detect
any hardware or software failure and can avoid random VIP behavior. The main aim is to avoid nuisance
tripping or failure to trip in the event of a fault.
A distinction must therefore be made between the 2 following scenarios:
1 A failure involving a risk of nuisance tripping.
2 A failure not involving a risk of nuisance tripping or a failure involving a risk of no tripping.
Scenario 1: When a failure involving a risk of nuisance tripping is detected, the VIP goes into the fail-safe
position:
The Mitop trip unit control is blocked and the VIP cannot send a trip order to the circuit breaker.
If the VIP is supplied with power:
The
status LED on the front panel is permanently on.
A 2-digit code is displayed on the front panel: this allows Schneider Electric to make a diagnosis (E
xx message).
NOTE: Once the VIP has gone into the fail-safe position, it remains in this mode, even in the event of
restarting following loss and return of the power supply.
Scenario 2: When a failure not involving a risk of nuisance tripping is detected, the VIP does not go into
the fail-safe position and remains operational (if the VIP is supplied with power):
The
status LED on the front panel flashes as long as the failure is present.
A 2-digit code is displayed on the front panel after display of the I3 current as long as the failure is
present. This code allows the customer to make an initial diagnosis (Erxx message).
More information is available in the section describing Troubleshooting Assistance (see page 77).
NOTE: To check that a VIP not supplied with power has not gone into the fail-safe position, use the pocket
battery module to make a routine check (see page 73).
List of Self-Tests
The self-tests are described in the table below.
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Name
Description
Execution Period
Change to FailSafe Position
Detection of loss of the main

regulation
Checks that the main regulation is

working correctly
During operation
NO
Detection of a malfunction in the

analog input module
Detects disconnection of the 9-pin

SUBD connector (item E) or a
malfunction in the analog/digital
conversion
During operation
NO
Detection of incorrect operations
Detection of exception faults by the

processor (division by 0, illegal
instructions, etc.)
On energization and
during operation
YES
Software execution test
Detection of endless processing by the On energization and

processor, OS processing errors, check during operation
of execution of periodic activities
YES
Reset detection
Detects resets of unknown origin
On energization and
during operation
YES
Processor instruction set test
Processing sequence involving math

and logic functions whose result is
known
During operation
YES
Memory test (SRAM)
Checks programming of the data

pointers
During operation
YES
Memory (SRAM) addressing test Checks the memory bit-by-bit

addressing
On VIP restarting
after a failure
YES
Used memory (SRAM) test
Checks the memory zone used by the

program
During operation or
on VIP restarting
after a failure
YES
Software queue test
Checks that the software queue has not During operation

overflowed
YES
55
56
Name
Description
Execution Period
Change to FailSafe Position
Used memory (Flash) test
Checks the memory zone reserved for

the VIP program
During operation or
on VIP restarting
after a failure
YES
VIP configuration test
Checks the product configuration data
On energization
YES
Memory (EEPROM) test
Checks the product configuration data

and the user-programmed data
On energization and
during operation
YES
Test that analog/digital

conversion is working correctly
Checks that the various component

functions are working correctly
(sequencing, power supply, processor,
memory, communication, etc.)
On energization and
during operation
YES
Detection of failure of the Mitop

trip unit control
Checks that the Mitop trip unit

electronics are working correctly
During Mitop trip unit YES

control
Address switch test position
Detects invalid address switch positions On energization and

during operation
Mitop trip circuit supervision
Description in the Mitop Trip Unit Trip

Circuit Supervision (see page 48)
section.
During operation
NO
Key test
Detects stuck keys (key held down for at During operation

least 1 minute)
NO
Test of the maximum number of

write operations to EEPROM
memory
Detects that the maximum number of

write operations to EEPROM memory
has been reached and stops saving the
type of fault (EF/OC) in the EEPROM
memory. This fault does not affect
operation of the protection functions.
On energization and
during operation
NO
NO
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VIP40, VIP45
VIP40, VIP45 - Commissioning
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Commissioning
6
Topic
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Page
Safety Precautions
58
Introduction
59
Settings
60
Checking VIP Operation
61
Checking the Complete Protection Chain
64
Commissioning
67
57
Safety Precautions
Before Starting
You are responsible for compliance with all the existing international and national electrical codes
concerning protective earthing of any device.
You should also carefully read the safety precautions described below. These instructions must be
followed strictly when installing, servicing or repairing electrical equipment.
DANGER
HAZARD OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, ELECTRIC ARC, BURNS OR EXPLOSION
Only qualified personnel should install this equipment. Such work should be performed only after
reading this entire set of instructions.
NEVER work alone.
Turn off all power supplying this equipment before working on or inside it.
Always use a properly rated voltage sensing device (EN 61243) to confirm that all power is off.
Before performing visual inspections, tests, or maintenance on this equipment:
Disconnect all sources of electric power.
Assume that all circuits are live until they have been completely de-energized, tested and tagged.
Beware of potential hazards, wear personal protective equipment, and carefully inspect the work
area for tools and objects that may have been left inside the equipment.
Successful VIP operation depends upon proper installation, setting, and operation.
Setting the VIP relay requires relevant expertise in the field of electrical network protection. Only
competent people who have this expertise are allowed to set this product.
DANGER
CAUTION
RISK OF DAMAGE TO THE VIP
Before performing Dielectric (Hi-Pot) or Megger testing on any equipment in which the relay is
installed, disconnect all input and output wires to the VIP relay. High voltage testing may damage
electronic components contained in the VIP relay.
Do not open the VIP case. The VIP relay contains components that are susceptible to electrostatic
discharge. It is assembled in specially equipped premises. The only permitted operation is removal
of the depleted battery from its compartment on a VIP relay.
58
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Introduction
At a Glance
The VIP is a protection relay that uses digital technology. This technology ensures the reproducibility of
its performance. The whole VIP protection chain has been performance-tested at one time and factorytested at the time of mounting on the circuit breaker. As a result, the VIP is ready to operate without
requiring any additional tests. The VIP is equipped with internal self-tests that continuously provide
information on the state of its electronic components and the integrity of the internal functions.
As a result, when commissioning, user intervention is limited to:
Entering settings
Checking the physical integrity of the complete protection chain: sensor, VIP, Mitop trip unit. If
necessary, this can be used to ensure that it has not suffered any damage during transport and
installation.
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59
Settings
Determining Settings
All the VIP protection settings are determined beforehand by the design department in charge of the
application and should be approved by the customer.
It is presumed that the study has been carried out with all the attention necessary, or even consolidated
by a discrimination study. All the VIP settings must be available for commissioning.
Entering Settings
More information on entering settings is available in the section describing Settings (see page 30).
NOTE: The sensor rating is not set on the VIP40s and VIP45s, as these only work with the CUa sensors.
Particular Scenario Concerning Network Frequency
the VIP starts.
Ex works, the VIP is initialized with a network frequency value of 50 Hz.
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Checking VIP Operation

Simplified Check
The pocket battery module contains a battery which can be used to power the VIP to check it is working
correctly.
The pocket battery module is used to:
Check that the VIP processor is working correctly
Test the circuit breaker trip circuit
To check that the VIP processor is working correctly, proceed as follows:

Step
Action
Connect the pocket battery module and move the slide switch to the Test (see page 75) position.
Check that the VIP starts and displays the phase currents.
3
Make sure that the status LED
is off. If so, this means that the VIP self-tests do not detect a
malfunction.
Result: The VIP processor is working correctly.
Checking the MV Circuit Breaker Trip Circuit

When the pocket battery module is connected, the integrity of the circuit breaker trip circuit can be
checked by sending an opening order to the circuit breaker via the Mitop trip unit. In order for this trip
order to be sent, the VIP must be switched to temporary test mode.
The check ensures that:
The VIP processor is working correctly
The VIP and the Mitop trip unit are connected
The Mitop trip unit is working correctly
The check cannot ensure that the VIP is connected to the sensor.
For this test, the MV circuit breaker must not be connected to any power source (either upstream or
downstream) so that it can be opened and closed safely.
To check the circuit breaker trip circuit, proceed as follows:
Step
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Action
Open the settings transparent protective

flap.
Connect the pocket battery module by

lining up the white dots on the plug and on
the VIP front panel.
Illustration
61
Step
Action
Move the pocket battery module slide

switch to the Test position. Check that the
VIP starts and displays the phase
currents. Close the MV circuit breaker.
Use a pointed tool to press the Trip test

button and release. The VIP displays
TEST indicating that it has switched to
temporary test mode.
Use a pointed tool to press and hold down

the Trip test button.
Result:
The Trip LED flashes quickly to
indicate that tripping is about to occur.
5 seconds are counted down on the
display.
Illustration
NOTE: The Trip test button must be

pressed a second time within 5 seconds of
TEST being displayed. If not, the VIP exits
temporary test mode.
62
After 5 seconds, the VIP sends an

opening order to the circuit breaker and
displays TRIP. The Trip LED flashes
slowly, indicating that the VIP has sent a
trip order.
NOTE: If the Trip test button is released
before the 5-second countdown has
finished, the VIP does not send the trip
order.
Press the Test/Reset button to

acknowledge the fault.
Result:
The TRIP message disappears:
The Trip LED goes out.
The VIP redisplays the phase currents.
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The VIP exits temporary test mode:

Automatically:
After sending the opening order
After 5 seconds
When its power supply via the pocket battery module is removed
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Manually:
After the Trip test button is released during the 5-second countdown before the trip order is sent
63
Checking the Complete Protection Chain

Principle
The complete protection chain can be checked by a test that injects current into the sensor primary. This
test can check complete integrity of the protection chain, without disconnecting the sensors and without
changing the VIP settings.
It can be used to check that:
The sensors are connected correctly
The VIP is working and is measuring the current correctly
The Mitop trip unit is connected correctly and trips the circuit breaker
For these tests, the MV circuit breaker must not be connected to any MV power source, so that it can be
opened and closed safely.
NOTE: For the primary injection test, it is advisable to control injection stopping by using a circuit breaker
auxiliary contact. Otherwise, if the primary injection is not stopped the VIP may continue to send trip
pulses to no purpose.
Scenario 1:
If the protection settings are low and the injection device used can deliver sufficient current to activate the
protections, the integrity of the VIP and the complete protection chain can be checked directly by primary
injection. This test can be performed by single-phase injection, in succession on each of the 3 phases, in
order to check that the protections trip.
Scenario 2:
Depending on the protection setting values, it is not always possible to inject sufficient primary current to
achieve the level required for tripping. If this is the case, to get round this difficulty, it is possible to activate
a protection temporarily with a low set point dedicated to this test, in order to check operation of the
sensors and the VIP, until the circuit breaker trips. For this test, it is necessary to switch the VIP to its
temporary test mode before activating the protection dedicated to the test.
The rest of this section describes the procedure to be followed for scenario 2.
The characteristics of the test protection are:
Phase overcurrent protection with definite time delay
10 A/5 s
Accuracy: same accuracy as the I> protection function (see page 84)
This protection is independent of the VIP phase and earth fault protection functions. Its temporary nature
guarantees a return to the current settings.
Automatically:
After 5 seconds
When its power supply from the sensors has been removed
Manually:
Testing and Metering Equipment Required

For the primary injection test, use a sinusoidal AC current generator fitted with its connection accessories:
50 or 60 Hz frequency (according to the country of use)
Single-phase or three-phase, adjustable from 0 to 20 A RMS
64
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Primary Injection Circuit Block Diagram (if the Cubicle has one)
In this case, 1 primary injection winding per phase is prewired in the cubicle and connected to a C60 type
BT circuit breaker. Refer to the cubicle documentation to identify the terminals.
Step
Action
Connect the injection case to the C60 type LV circuit breaker.
Turn off injection control using an MV circuit breaker auxiliary contact.

NOTE: Do not hard-wire the auxiliary contact in series in the injection circuit.
Checking the Sensor Connection

For this test, the MV circuit breaker must not be connected to any power source (either upstream or
downstream) so that it can be opened and closed safely.
To perform the sensor connection check, proceed as follows:
Step
Action
Check that the pocket battery module is not connected.
Inject a primary current on phase 1 using the cubicles primary injection circuit if it has a value of 10 A.
3
4
Check that the VIP displays the injected current (accuracy = +/- 5%) and that the
status LED is off.
Repeat this operation for phases 2 and 3.

Result: The sensor connection to the VIP is checked.
Checking the Circuit Breaker Trip Circuit

The rest of the procedure can be used, if necessary, to activate test protection temporarily in order to
check the Mitop trip unit is connected and that the circuit breaker trips.
To perform this check, proceed as follows:
Step
1
Action
Close the MV circuit breaker.
Inject a 16 A primary current into one of the phases.
Switch the VIP to temporary test mode:

Use a pointed tool to press the Trip test button.
The VIP displays TEST indicating that it has switched to temporary test mode.
Activate test protection to trip the circuit breaker by using a pointed tool to press and hold down the Trip
test button:
The Trip LED flashes quickly to indicate that tripping is about to occur.
5 seconds are counted down on the display.
Result: After the countdown, the VIP gives a trip order via the Mitop trip unit and the circuit breaker
opens. The VIP displays the TRIP message.
NOTE: The Trip testbutton must be pressed a second time within 5 seconds of TEST being displayed. If
not, the VIP exits temporary test mode.
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Turn off injection, then disconnect the primary injection equipment.
65

Automatically:
After 5 seconds
When its power supply from the sensors has been removed
Manually:
Elements Checked During the Tests

Both tests check that:
The VIP is correctly connected to its metering and power supply sensors.
The sensor rating (200 A) is as expected.
The VIP and its sensors are measuring the current value in the network correctly.
The VIP processor is working correctly.
The VIP is connected to the Mitop trip unit correctly.
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Commissioning
Prerequisites
Operational commissioning of the cubicle must not take place before the following checks have been
performed:
Checking the VIP protection relay by one of the methods described above (see page 61)
Cubicle and circuit breaker tests in line with the recommendations mentioned in their specific
documentation
Checks and Settings
In the event of uncertainty or a missing report, check the settings:
VIP40: values of the I> set point
VIP45: values of the I>, Io> and to> set points
Values of the 2 configuration parameters: Discrimination with the LV CB and EF inrush delay
Correct the setting values if required.
Once this check has been made, you should make no further changes to the settings, which are now
deemed to be definitive.
Frequency Value Check
Check that the VIP electrical network has been initialized with the correct rated frequency. To do this,
read the frequency value in the Expert (see page 70) menu.
If it has not, the earth fault protection does not work during automatic recognition of the rated frequency,
which takes around 5 seconds (see page 60). This frequency initialization is essential for the H2 restraint
associated with the earth fault protection to work correctly.
Commissioning
After circuit breaker closing, compare the current circulating in the network with the pick-up current:
If...
Then...
the current circulating in the network is higher than the

pick-up current (see page 86)
The VIP has been activated.

Check that:
The
status LED is off
The VIP displays the measurement of all 3 phase
currents
the current in the network is lower than the pick-up current The VIP displays nothing.
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67
68
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VIP40, VIP45
VIP40, VIP45 - Maintenance
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Maintenance
7
Topic
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Page
Expert Menu
70
Preventive Maintenance
73
Pocket Battery Module
75
Troubleshooting Assistance
77
Removing the VIP
79
Replacing the VIP Battery
80
69
Expert Menu
Introduction
The VIP contains an Expert menu that allows the user to view additional information useful for
commissioning or maintaining devices.
Each item in the Expert menu is displayed on 2 screens, displayed alternately.
The items in the Expert menu are as follows:
Io earth fault current value (VIP45 only)
Cause of the last trip: OC, EF or TRIP
Network frequency: 50 or 60 Hz
Phase overcurrent protection set point: I> selector switch position
Earth fault protection set point: Io> selector switch position (VIP45 only)
Earth fault protection time delay: to> selector switch position (VIP45 only)
"Advanced settings" selector switch position
Activation of the minimum tripping time
Type of VIP
Last failure detected by the VIP
Method
Step
Action
To display the Expert menu, press and hold down the Imax. button for 15 seconds.
Items in the Expert menu are displayed on 2 screens for each item.
It is possible to:
Scroll through all the items automatically by holding down the Imax. button
Stay on a given item by releasing the Imax. button
To exit the Expert menu, press the Test/Reset button.

NOTE: The VIP automatically exits the Expert menu after a 1-minute time delay.
The next item can be viewed after pressing the Imax. button.
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NRJED311207EN 12/2011
List of Screens
Screen
Description
Earth fault current value (VIP45 only)
Cause of the last trip:

OC (Over Current): phase overcurrent protection.
EF (Earth Fault): earth fault protection.
TRIP: temporary test mode.
Network frequency:
50 Hz
60 Hz
NOTE: The VIP automatically detects the network frequency (50 or 60 Hz), from phase
1. The Expert menu screen displays the frequency detected by the VIP and should
correspond to the frequency of the protected network.
Phase overcurrent protection set point (I> selector switch position)
Earth fault protection set point (Io> selector switch position, VIP45 only)
Earth fault protection time delay (to> selector switch position, VIP45 only)
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71
Screen
Description
Advanced settings selector switch position:
The first two characters (ON/OFF) correspond to the discrimination setting with an
LV breaker (Discrimination with the LV CB).
The last two characters (ON/OFF) correspond to the earth fault protection inrush
current delay setting (EF inrush delay).
Activation of the minimum tripping time:

d.On: minimum time active
d.off: minimum time not active
Type of VIP:
100 P for VIP40 100 A
200 P for VIP40 200 A
100 E for VIP45 100 A
200 E for VIP45 200 A
Last failure detected by the VIP (see page 55)
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Preventive Maintenance
Introduction
To obtain maximum availability of the installation, it is essential to ensure that the VIP is operational at all
times. The VIP internal self-tests alert the user in the event of failure of the VIP (see page 55).
Nonetheless, elements outside the VIP are not subject to these self-tests and it is therefore necessary to
carry out regular preventive maintenance..
Apart from the battery, which can be accessed on the rear panel, nothing inside the VIP can be replaced
by the user.
List of Interventions
The table below gives the typical frequency of interventions. The intervals between visual inspections
depends on the installation operating conditions.
Intervention
Frequency
Routine check
Depending on the operating

conditions
LED and display unit test

Checking the battery status
Annual
Checking the complete trip chain
Every 5 years
Routine Check
Check that the

status LED is off.
Make sure that the phase currents and the earth fault current (VIP45 only) measured by the VIP are
appropriate for the load being powered.
If the VIP is not supplied with power (insufficient network load), the VIP must be supplied with power
to perform the above checks. To do this, power the VIP with the pocket battery module (see page 75).
Then check that the
status LED is still off.
LED and Display Unit Test

The LED and display unit test is used to check that the fault indication LED, each segment of the display
and the
status LED are working correctly. To perform this test, the VIP must be supplied with power.
If the network load is insufficient, power the VIP using the pocket battery module (see page 75).
Step
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Action
Press and hold down the Test/Reset

button.
NOTE: If the battery is not depleted,
the Trip LED lights up in less than
4 seconds.
After 5 seconds, all segments of the

display light up.
Release the Test/Reset button.
Illustration
73
Step
3
Action
Illustration
The Trip LED lights up.
4
The
status LED lights up.
The VIP software version is displayed

(2 consecutive screens).
The LED and display unit test cycle is

then complete and the VIP redisplays
the metering information.
Checking the Battery Status

The VIP has a battery. To check that the battery is in good working order, press the Test/Reset button
until the fault indication LED is activated. This LED should light up in less than 5 seconds and remain on
clearly without fading for the whole time the button is pressed. If not, replace the battery (see page 80).
Checking the Trip Chain
It is important to check regularly that the complete trip chain (current sensor, VIP protection relay, Mitop
trip unit) is always operational.
More information on the operations to be performed is available in the section describing Checking the
Complete Protection Chain (see page 64).
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Pocket Battery Module

At a Glance
The pocket battery module is an accessory that can be connected to the front panel of VIP relays. It
contains a battery that can be used to power the VIP in order to:
Enter settings if the integrated battery is missing and if the VIP is not supplied with power
Test the VIP (see page 69)
Display the cause of the last trip by the VIP
NOTE: This module can also be used for control and maintenance of Schneider Electrics Compact NSX
circuit breakers.
NOTE: Do not leave the pocket battery module permanently connected to a running VIP.
Description
The pocket battery module contains 2 ordinary batteries or rechargeable batteries which can be
connected to the VIP test socket.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Not used
3-position slide switch:
Left = Test position; Center = OFF; Right = pocket flashlight
Not used
Green LED for checking the battery status
Two illumination LEDs
Two 1.5 V type AA batteries (not supplied)
Connector for the VIP test socket
Stylus/screwdriver
Pocket Flashlight Function

To use the module as a pocket flashlight, move the slide switch to the pocket flashlight position (right).
Connection to the VIP
To prepare the equipment before carrying out maintenance:
Step
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Action
Slide open the protective cover to access

the VIP connector.
Open the VIP settings protective flap.
Illustration
75
Step
Action
Line up the connector with the VIP test

socket and align the white mark on the
connector with the mark on the VIP (they
should be vertical, at the top).
Click the pocket battery module

connector into the test socket on the VIP.
Move the slide switch to the Test position

(left).
Check the battery status: the green LED

should be on.
Illustration
Inspection and Checking

After preparing the equipment, the VIP is powered up. Then perform the desired checking and inspection
operations:
Operations
Refer to...
Routine check
Routine Check (see page 73)
LED and display unit test
LED and Display Unit Test (see page 73)
Checking the integrity of the trip chain
Checking the Integrity of the Trip Chain (see page 74)
Readout of the last error message
Display of the Last Fault (see page 49)
NOTE: At the end of the checks and inspections, de-energize the VIP by positioning the pocket battery
module switch on 0 before disconnecting it from the VIP.
76
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Troubleshooting Assistance
Introduction
The paragraphs below list the actions to be taking after observing abnormal VIP behavior.
LEDs and Display Unit Off
Symptom
Possible Causes
All the LEDs are off, Insufficient network load to

as well as the display power the VIP
unit.
Power supply connector
unplugged
Internal failure
Action/Remedy
Refer to...
This is normal: the VIP will start

instantly if the current reappears.
Check that the power supply connector

is connected to the VIP correctly.
Commissioning
(see page 57)
Perform the routine check.
Preventive
Maintenance
(see page 73)
Status LED Permanently On

Lighting up of the
LED indicates that the VIP has gone into the fail-safe position following detection
by the embedded self-tests of the failure of one of its components. More information is available in the
section describing Operation of the Self-test System (see page 55).
NOTE: This LED may light up briefly when the VIP is energized. This is normal and does not indicate a
failure.
The fail-safe position is characterized by:
status LED permanently on

Display of a MAINTENANCE screen containing a 2-digit code.
In this case, the VIP is no longer operational. Make a note of the code and change the VIP (see page 79).
Status LED Flashing and ERROR Screen

Lighting up of the
LED (flashing) and display of an ERROR screen after I3 indicate that the VIP has
detected a fault via the embedded self-tests not involving a risk of nuisance tripping. In this case, the VIP
does not go into the fail-safe position and remains operational. More information is available in the section
describing Operation of the Self-test System (see page 55).
This state is characterized by:
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
The
status LED is flashing
Cyclic display of an ERROR screen containing a 2-digit code.
77
Fault Code
Possible Causes
Action/Remedy
Refer to...
Er 19
Maximum number of write

operations to EEPROM
memory has been reached
and type of fault (EF/OC)
no longer saved in the
EEPROM memory.
This fault does not affect
operation of the protection
functions.
This failure can be linked to
the circuit breaker failing to
open, causing the trip order
to be sent repeatedly.
Check that the trip chain is working

correctly until the MV circuit breaker
opens.
Change the VIP during the next
maintenance operation.
Checking the MV
Circuit Breaker
(see page 61) Trip
Circuit
Removing the VIP
(see page 79)
Er 18
Change the VIP.

Detection of loss of the
main regulation of the VIPs
self-powered supply.
The VIP then operates with
backup regulation.
Er 16
Detection of a failure of the

metering connector or
disconnection of the
metering connector or
malfunction of the
analog/digital conversion.
Check the connection of the current

metering inputs to the VIP.
If the fault persists, change the VIP.
Removing the VIP

(see page 79)
Er 15
Detection of stuck keys

(key held down for at least
1 minute).
Check that none of the keypad keys is

stuck.
Removing the VIP

(see page 79)
Er 14
Detection of a fault in the

Mitop trip unit connection
circuit.
Check the wired connection between

the VIP and the Mitop trip unit.
Removing the VIP

(see page 79)
Removing the VIP

(see page 79)
No TRIP Indication After Circuit Breaker Opening on a Fault
78
Symptoms
Possible Causes
MV circuit breaker
open and no fault
indication LED lit up
on the VIP.
The MV circuit breaker has None: normal operating scenario.

not been opened by the VIP
(manual or other type of
opening).
Action/Remedy
Refer to...
Battery depleted or battery

missing.
Check the battery and replace it if

necessary.
Checking the VIP

Battery Status
(see page 80)
More than 24 hours have

elapsed since the MV
circuit breaker opening
order for the VIP.
None: normal operating scenario.

If you wish to read the cause of the last
trip on the display, start the VIP using
the pocket battery module.
Operation With the

Pocket Battery
Module (see page 75)
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Removing the VIP

Introduction
If the VIP relay cannot be repaired by following the instructions in Troubleshooting Assistance
(see page 77), it must be replaced.
Removing the VIP
DANGER
Open the MV circuit breaker so you can disconnect the VIP protection relay from the sensors.

The procedure for removing the VIP relay is as follows:
Step
Action
If the VIP allows you to, read and make a note of the last trip that occurred. Use the pocket battery module
if necessary.
Make a note of the symptoms observed, in particular the failure code displayed.
Unscrew and unplug all the connectors.
Disconnect the VIP protective earth.
Remove the VIP.
Return for Expert Assessment

If returning the VIP for expert assessment, use the original packaging or packaging offering level 2
protection against vibrations (standard IEC 60255-21-1) and against shocks (standard IEC 60255-21-2).
The VIP relay must be returned accompanied by its settings sheet and the following information:
Name and address of the initiator
VIP type and serial number
Date of the incident
Description of the incident
LED status and message displayed at the time of the incident
List of stored events
End of Life
If the VIP needs to be replaced:
Step
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Action
Remove the battery (see page 80).
Remove the VIP as indicated above.
Dismantle the VIP in accordance with the End-of-Life Recycling for the VIP document.
79
Replacing the VIP Battery

Procedure
The battery should be removed when depleted and at the end of life of the VIP relay. It can be removed
when the VIP is supplied with power. In this case, do not disconnect the cables on the rear panel. If the
cables have to be disconnected, open the MV circuit breaker first.
Step
Action
Illustration
Lift the removable cover shielding the battery

compartment at the rear of the VIP using a flat
blade screwdriver.
Remove the battery.
Battery Recycling
WARNING
HAZARD OF EXPLOSION
Do not recharge the battery.

Do not short circuit the battery.
Do not crush the battery.
Do not disassemble the battery.
Do not heat the battery above 100C (212F).
Do not throw the battery into fire or water.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or equipment damage.
The used battery should be disposed of by an approved certified recycling company in compliance with
current regulations.
80
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Battery Characteristics
1/2 AA 3.6 V lithium battery

Model: LS14250 from SAFT
Storage conditions: as defined in EN 60086-4
Do not use rechargeable batteries or other battery types.
Replacement Procedure
When depleted, the battery is replaced as follows:
Step
Action
Insert a battery with the above characteristics, respecting the polarity (+ facing up).
Replace the battery protective cover.
Test the battery by pressing the Test/Reset button for 2 to 3 seconds: the Trip LED should remain on clearly
without fading for the whole time the button is pressed.
Cleaning Product
To clean the product (especially when dusting), simply use a damp cloth.
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
81
82
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
VIP40, VIP45
VIP40, VIP45 - Characteristics
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Characteristics
8
Topic
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Page
Function Characteristics
84
Technical Characteristics
86
Environmental Characteristics
87
Internal Operation
89
83
Function Characteristics
General Remarks
In the tables below:
In is the phase CT primary rated current.
All the accuracy values are stated in the reference conditions (IEC 60255-6). Unless stated otherwise,
the sensor accuracy is included in the values indicated.
Sensor Rating
Sensor
Characteristics
Values
Phase CT
Primary rated current (In)
CUa: 200 A

Characteristics
Values
Measuring range
0...999 A
Accuracy
+/- 2% +/- 1 digit, 30...200 A

+/- 5% +/- 1 digit, 5...30 A
Resolution
0.1...1 A depending on the value
Display format
3 digits

Characteristic
Values
Measuring range
0...999 A
Accuracy
+/- 2% +/- 1 digit, 30...200 A

+/- 5% +/- 1 digit, 5...30 A
Resolution
0.1...1 A depending on the value
Display format
3 digits
Phase Overcurrent Protection

Characteristics
I> set point
Time delay
Characteristic
times
84
Values
Settings (A) for:
VIP40 200 A
VIP45 200 A
5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 45, 55, 70, 85, 105, 130, 160,
200
Settings (A) for:

VIP40 100 A
VIP45 100 A
5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 21, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 100
Accuracy
+/- 5% or 0.01 ln
Transient overshoot
< 10% (I> 20 Ir - primary fault curve)
Setting
None
Accuracy
+/- 7.5% or -15 ms/+25 ms according to IEC 60255-151
Overshoot time
< 40 ms at 2 I>
Instantaneous operating time
< 30 ms for I> 30 Ir

< 20 ms for I> 40 Ir
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Earth Fault Protection

Characteristics
Io> set point
to> time delay
Characteristic
times
Values
Settings (A) for:
VIP45 200 A
5, 8, 15, 25, 40, 70, 120, 200, OFF
Settings (A) for:

VIP45 100 A
5, 8, 12, 20, 30, 45, 65, 100, OFF
Accuracy
+/- 5% or 0.01 ln
Transient overshoot
< 10%
DT settings (s)
0.1 0.15 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1
Accuracy
+/- 2% or -15/+ 25 ms
Overshoot time
< 40 ms at 2 Io>
Precautions During Laboratory Tests

the VIP starts.
During laboratory tests, two series of tests may need to be run in succession, one at 50 Hz and the other
at 60 Hz, or vice versa. In this case, after a change of frequency, it is important to wait until the VIP has
recognized the new frequency on starting, before conducting subsequent tests. Otherwise, measurement
errors, due to an inappropriate sampling period, could cause the protection functions to malfunction
temporarily until the VIP has recognized the correct frequency.
If necessary, the network frequency recognized by the VIP can be checked in the Expert (see page 70)
menu.
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
85
Technical Characteristics
General Characteristics
Characteristics
Values
Dimensions
180 x 140 x 31 mm / 7.09 x 5.51 x 1.22 in
Weight
380 g/0.84 lb
Type of battery
AA Li 3.6 V (LS14250 from SAFT)
Typical battery life
10 years(1)
Maximum continuous consumption
150 mW
NOTE:
(1)
In extreme temperature conditions, the battery life may be shorter.
Current Inputs
The VIP current inputs are designed to operate exclusively with the dual core CUa sensor.
Characteristics
Values
Continuous thermal withstand of phase inputs
1.3 In
Transient thermal withstand of phase inputs
25 kA primary/2 s at ambient temperature
Frequency
50 Hz, 60 Hz
Self-Powered Supply Starting Characteristics

Characteristics
Values
Pick-up time
Earth fault current
Single-phase and three-phase
10 A
< 120 ms
12 A
< 80 ms
16 A
< 30 ms
240 A
< 20 ms
1 kA
< 15 ms
The pick-up time is the time the VIP takes to start when not supplied with power. In the event of a fault,
this time is added to the time delay that has been set. The pick-up time values are indicated for a fault
current equal to 1.2 times the tripping set point.
Characteristics
Pick-up current
Values
Sensor
Single-phase
Three-phase
CUa
6A
4A
NOTE: Around the pick-up current, you may see the display switch on and off. This is quite normal and
does not affect operation of the protection functions.
86
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Environmental Characteristics
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Standard
Level/C Values
lass
Emission
Radiated disturbances
CISPR 22
CISPR 16
Immunity
tests
Radiated radiofrequency
fields
IEC 61000-4-3
10 V/m; 80 MHz...3 GHz
IACS - E10
10 V/m; 80...2 GHz
IEC 61000-4-2
8 kV air; 6 kV contact
Electrostatic discharge
IEC 60255-22-3
10 V/m; 80...1 GHz; 1.4 ...2.7 GHz
IEC 60255-22-2
IACS - E10
8 kV air; 6 kV contact
Magnetic fields at power

frequencies
IEC 61000-4-8
30 A/m continuous, 300 A/m for 1 to 3 s
Conducted radiofrequency
disturbances
IEC 61000-4-6
10 V MC; 0.15...80 MHz
3 V MC; 0.15...80 MHz
IEC 60255-22-6
IACS - E10
Electrical fast
transients/burst
IEC 61000-4-4 4
IEC 60255-22-4
4 kV; 5 kHz, 100 kHz
IACS - E10
2 kV on power supply, 1 kV on I/O - 5 kHz 5 min
Slow damped oscillating

wave
IEC 61000-4-18 3
2.5 kV MC, 1 kV MD; 100 kHz and 1 MHz
Fast damped oscillating

wave
IEC 61000-4-18 3
2 kV MC; 3 MHz, 10 MHz, 30 MHz
Surges
IEC 61000-4-5
IEC 60255-22-1
2 kV MC, 1 kV MD
IEC 60255-22-5 3
2 kV MC, 1 kV MD
IACS - E10
1 kV, 0.5 kV MD
Mechanical Robustness
Standard
Level/C Values
lass
Energized
IEC 60255-21-1 2
1 Gn; 10..0.150 GHz; 1 cycle
IACS - E10
In accordance with IEC 60068-2-6, Fc test
Mechanical Robustness
Deenergized
Enclosure
protection
Packaging
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Vibration response
Shock response
IEC 60255-21-2 2
10 Gn for 11 ms, 3 impulses
Seismic response
IEC 60255-21-3 2
2 Gn horizontal, 1 Gn vertical
Inclination
IEC 60092-504
static: 22.5
dynamic: 22.5
Vibration withstand
IEC 60255-21-1 2
2 Gn; 10...150 Hz; 20 cycles
Shock withstand
IEC 60255-21-2 2
30 Gn for 11 ms; 3 impulses
Jolt withstand
IEC 60255-21-2 2
20 Gn for 16 ms; 1000 impulses
Tightness
IEC 60529
Front panel: IP54

Other parts: IP30
Shocks on front panel
IEC 62262
IK7
2J
Fall height in product

packaging
EN 22248
1 m/6 sides/4 angles
87
Climatic Withstand
Climatic Withstand
Standard
Level/C Values
lass
During operation Exposure to cold
IEC 60068-2-1
Ad
40C (40F); 96 hrs(1)
Bd
+70C (+158F); 96 hrs
Stored out of its

original
packaging
Corrosive
atmosphere
Exposure to dry heat
IEC 60068-2-2
Exposure to damp heat
IEC 60068-2-78 Cab
93% RH; 40C (104F); 56 days
Temperature variation
IEC 60068-2-14 Nb
Operating temperature 40...+70C (

40...+158F) 96 hrs of operation Starting
at -40C
in damp heat
IEC 60068-2-30 Db
2x12hrs, +25...55C (+77...67F),

6 cycles, 93-95% RH, with condensation
Exposure to cold
IEC 60068-2-1
Ab
40C (40F); 96 hrs
Exposure to dry heat
IEC 60068-2-2
Bb
+70C (+158F); 96 hrs
Exposure to damp heat
IEC 60068-2-78 Cab
93% RH; 40C (104F); 56 days without

condensation
IEC 60068-2-14 Na
40...+70C (40...+158F) variation 5C

per minute
in damp heat
IEC 60068-2-30 Db
2x12hrs, +25...55C (+77...67F),

6 cycles, 93-95% RH, with condensation
Salt mist
IEC 60068-2-52 Kb/1
Four 2-hour spray cycles with 7 days

storage
2-gas test
IEC 60068-2-60 Ke
Method 1; 0.5 ppm H2S, 1 ppm SO2
(1)
NOTE:
Below 25C, the display may be more difficult to read. This does not affect operation of the protection
functions.
Safety
Safety
Standard
Values
General
IEC 61010
Power frequency
dielectric withstand
IEC 61010
Depends on the circuit tested
IACS - E10
2 kV 50 Hz or 60 Hz
Surge
IEC 61010
Depends on the circuit tested
Insulation resistance
IACS - E10
500 V in common and differential mode R > 100 M (B); R > 10 M

(A)
Fire withstand
IEC 60695-2-11
IEC 60695-2-10
850C (1562F)
Certification
Reference Document
Certification
Directives and amendments:

89/336/EEC EMC directive on electromagnetic compatibility:
92/31/EEC Amendment
93/68/EEC Amendment
73/23/EEC Low Voltage Directive
93/68/EEC Amendment
88
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
Internal Operation
Block Diagram
The VIP is a multifunctional digital protection relay with a self-powered supply.
Electronic Components
The control electronics consist of the following items:
An ASIC component, responsible mainly for acquisition and analog/digital conversion of the current
inputs.
A microprocessor, responsible for all processing operations:
Protection and metering
Alarm and annunciation
Management of the user-machine interface
Self-tests
An SRAM memory, that contains all the VIP working data. This data is not saved if the power supply
fails.
A Flash memory, containing the processing program.
A standard EEPROM memory, that mainly contains the users parameters and settings, as well as the
fault log.
These values are saved if the power supply fails.
A watchdog function is activated regularly by the microprocessor.

In the event of failure, it lights up the
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
status LED.
89
Current Inputs
The VIP is designed to be connected exclusively to the dual core sensor, type CUa (200 A). This sensor
consists of 2 windings per phase, one winding providing the VIP power supply, the other winding enabling
the VIP to measure the phase currents. The earth fault current is measured by taking the sum of the 3
phase currents inside the sensor.
Measurement circuit:
The VIP incoming electronic circuit adapts the signals from the metering sensors for processing by an
analog to digital converter (ASIC). Low-pass filtering allows harmonic numbers up to 13 at 60 Hz and 15
at 50 Hz to pass through.
Power supply circuit:
The VIPs self-powered supply uses the energy available at the secondary of the CUa sensor power
supply windings.
Self-Powered Supply
This power supply supplies the power required by the VIP to perform its protection functions without
having recourse to any other external power source. The power required comes from the specific current
sensor integrated in the circuit breaker.
The VIPs self-powered supply has redundant regulation guaranteeing peoples safety by restricting the
sensor voltage to a safe value.
Display
The segmented display, based on simple, robust technology can withstand several years of operation in
a harsh environment: -40... +70C (-40...+158F).
The display is managed directly by the microprocessor.
Since the VIP is entirely self-powered, it is unable to backlight the display. However, it has sufficient
contrast to be viewed with a minimal external light source.
Battery
The battery maintains the tripping indicator status for 24 hours after a a power outage.
The battery life is more than 10 years in normal use. Absence or failure of the battery has no effect on
the VIP protection functions.
Safety of People
The user is permanently protected from hazardous voltages on the front panel. This is achieved by
restricting the voltages at the product input to safe values. The user is also asked to connect the product
to a protective earth.
90
NRJED311207EN 12/2011
NRJED311207EN
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
35, rue Joseph Monier
CS30323
F - 92506 Rueil Malmaison Cedex
www.schneider-electric.com
As standards, specifications and designs change from time to time, please ask for confirmation
of the information given in this publication.
12/2011

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VIP40, VIP45

Electrical Network Protection

Chapter 4 Functions and Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Phase Overcurrent Protection (ANSI 50-51) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

About the Book

First version of VIP

First commercialization version

VIP40, VIP45 - At a Glance

The VIP40 protects against phase faults.

VIP40s and VIP45s are available in 2 versions: 100 A and 200 A.

Main Advantages of VIP40s and VIP45s

VIPs are easy to install:

VIP40 and VIP45 Applications

VIP40, VIP45 - At a Glance

Phase overcurrent protection (ANSI 50-51)

Tripping annunciation via LED

Phase current measurement

Phase peak demand current values

Tripping by Mitop trip unit

Mitop trip unit trip circuit supervision

Earth fault current measurement

VIP40 protection relay 100 A

VIP40 protection relay 200 A

VIP45 protection relay 100 A

VIP45 protection relay 200 A

Pocket battery module

VIP40, VIP45 - At a Glance

Current Sensor Connection Block Diagram

Current Sensor Characteristics

Ipn rated primary current

Isn rated secondary current

Rated transformation ratio

Rated kneepoint voltage Ek (50 Hz)

Maximum magnetizing current Ie to Ek

Maximum resistance of the secondary winding at 75 C

Metering resistance integral to the sensor

Voltage at the terminal of the metering resistance integral to the sensor

Ipn rated primary current

Isn rated secondary current

Rated transformation ratio

Rated kneepoint voltage Ek (50 Hz)

Maximum magnetizing current Ie to Ek

Consumption at the rated load current

Circuit Breaker Control via Mitop Trip Unit

VIP40, VIP45 - At a Glance

VIP40, VIP45 - At a Glance

Equipment Receipt and Identification

Connecting the VIP to the Current Sensor

Connecting the VIP to the Mitop Trip Unit

VIP40, VIP45 - Installation

Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious injury.

Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious injury.

Failure to follow these instructions can result in injury or equipment damage.

VIP40, VIP45 - Installation

VIP Used in a Damp Environment

VIP40, VIP45 - Installation