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Design Patterns in Java

The document discusses the Singleton pattern and Factory pattern. The Singleton pattern ensures that only one object of a particular class is created. It involves a single class with a private constructor and a static method that returns the same instance of the class. The Factory pattern involves creating object without exposing the creation logic to the client. A factory class is defined to generate objects of different types based on the class passed to it. Interfaces are defined and concrete classes implement the interfaces. The factory returns the appropriate type of object.

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muttuswami
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178 views

Design Patterns in Java

The document discusses the Singleton pattern and Factory pattern. The Singleton pattern ensures that only one object of a particular class is created. It involves a single class with a private constructor and a static method that returns the same instance of the class. The Factory pattern involves creating object without exposing the creation logic to the client. A factory class is defined to generate objects of different types based on the class passed to it. Interfaces are defined and concrete classes implement the interfaces. The factory returns the appropriate type of object.

Uploaded by

muttuswami
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design Patterns

Singleton Pattern
Singleton pattern is one of the simplest design patterns in Java. This type of design
pattern comes under creational pattern as this pattern provides one of the best ways to
create an object.
This pattern involves a single class which is responsible to create an object while making
sure that only single object gets created. This class provides a way to access its only
object which can be accessed directly without need to instantiate the object of the class.
We're going to create a SingleObject class. SingleObject class have its constructor as
private and have a static instance of itself.
SingleObject class provides a static method to get its static instance to outside
world.SingletonPatternDemo, our demo class will use SingleObject class to get
a SingleObjectobject.

Step 1
Create Value Object.
Student.java
public class Student {
private String name;
private int rollNo;
Student(String name, int rollNo){
this.name = name;
this.rollNo = rollNo;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getRollNo() {
return rollNo;
}
public void setRollNo(int rollNo) {
this.rollNo = rollNo;
}
}

Step 2
Create Data Access Object Interface.
StudentDao.java
import java.util.List;
public interface StudentDao {
public List<Student> getAllStudents();
public Student getStudent(int rollNo);
public void updateStudent(Student student);
public void deleteStudent(Student student);
}

Step 3
Create concrete class implementing above interface.
StudentDaoImpl.java
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {
//list is working as a database
List<Student> students;
public StudentDaoImpl(){
students = new ArrayList<Student>();
Student student1 = new Student("Robert",0);
Student student2 = new Student("John",1);
students.add(student1);
students.add(student2);
}
@Override
public void deleteStudent(Student student) {
students.remove(student.getRollNo());
System.out.println("Student: Roll No " + student.getRollNo() + ", deleted from database");
}
//retrive list of students from the database
@Override
public List<Student> getAllStudents() {
return students;
}
@Override
public Student getStudent(int rollNo) {
return students.get(rollNo);
}
@Override
public void updateStudent(Student student) {
students.get(student.getRollNo()).setName(student.getName());
System.out.println("Student: Roll No " + student.getRollNo() + ", updated in the database");
}
}

Step 4
Use the StudentDao to demonstrate Data Access Object pattern usage.
DaoPatternDemo.java
public class DaoPatternDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
StudentDao studentDao = new StudentDaoImpl();
//print all students
for (Student student : studentDao.getAllStudents()) {
System.out.println("Student: [RollNo : " + student.getRollNo() + ", Name : " + student.getName() +
" ]");
}
//update student
Student student =studentDao.getAllStudents().get(0);
student.setName("Michael");
studentDao.updateStudent(student);
//get the student
studentDao.getStudent(0);
System.out.println("Student: [RollNo : " + student.getRollNo() + ", Name : " + student.getName() +
" ]");
}
}

Factory Pattern
Factory pattern is one of most used design pattern in Java. This type of design pattern
comes under creational pattern as this pattern provides one of the best ways to create an
object.
In Factory pattern, we create object without exposing the creation logic to the client and
refer to newly created object using a common interface.

Implementation
We're going to create a Shape interface and concrete classes implementing
the Shapeinterface. A factory class ShapeFactory is defined as a next step.

FactoryPatternDemo, our demo class will use ShapeFactory to get a Shape object. It
will pass information (CIRCLE / RECTANGLE / SQUARE) to ShapeFactory to get the
type of object it needs.

Step 1
Create an interface.
Shape.java
public interface Shape {
void draw();
}
Step 2
Create concrete classes implementing the same interface.
Rectangle.java
public class Rectangle implements Shape {
@Override

public void draw() {


System.out.println("Inside Rectangle::draw() method.");
}
}
Square.java
public class Square implements Shape {
@Override
public void draw() {
System.out.println("Inside Square::draw() method.");
}
}
Circle.java
public class Circle implements Shape {
@Override
public void draw() {
System.out.println("Inside Circle::draw() method.");
}
}
Step 3
Create a Factory to generate object of concrete class based on given information.
ShapeFactory.java
public class ShapeFactory {
//use getShape method to get object of type shape
public Shape getShape(String shapeType){
if(shapeType == null){
return null;
}
if(shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("CIRCLE")){
return new Circle();
} else if(shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("RECTANGLE")){
return new Rectangle();
} else if(shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("SQUARE")){
return new Square();
}
return null;
}

}
Step 4
Use the Factory to get object of concrete class by passing an information such as type.
FactoryPatternDemo.java
public class FactoryPatternDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ShapeFactory shapeFactory = new ShapeFactory();
//get an object of Circle and call its draw method.
Shape shape1 = shapeFactory.getShape("CIRCLE");
//call draw method of Circle
shape1.draw();
//get an object of Rectangle and call its draw method.
Shape shape2 = shapeFactory.getShape("RECTANGLE");
//call draw method of Rectangle
shape2.draw();
//get an object of Square and call its draw method.
Shape shape3 = shapeFactory.getShape("SQUARE");
//call draw method of circle
shape3.draw();
}
}

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