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    Cement Kiln Process Chemistry: Module 2. Cement Clinker Quality and Composition

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    albertbunguri
    This document introduces the topic of cement clinker quality and composition that will be covered in Module 2. It defines clinker quality as being primarily judged by the hydraulic performance of cement made from the clinker, which includes strength development, setting characteristics, workability and durability. The clinker composition affects these properties, with setting and workability being adjustable during milling. Strength development depends on the amounts of silicate minerals C3S and C2S present, with higher levels resulting from higher lime saturation or silica modulus in the raw materials feed. However, the strength development also depends on factors beyond just the amounts of these minerals, such as the role of minor compounds and how the C3S and C2S crystals

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    Cement Kiln Process Chemistry: Module 2. Cement Clinker Quality and Composition

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    albertbunguri
    139 views2 pages
    This document introduces the topic of cement clinker quality and composition that will be covered in Module 2. It defines clinker quality as being primarily judged by the hydraulic performance of cement made from the clinker, which includes strength development, setting characteristics, workability and durability. The clinker composition affects these properties, with setting and workability being adjustable during milling. Strength development depends on the amounts of silicate minerals C3S and C2S present, with higher levels resulting from higher lime saturation or silica modulus in the raw materials feed. However, the strength development also depends on factors beyond just the amounts of these minerals, such as the role of minor compounds and how the C3S and C2S crystals

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    KC 2.1 Introduction

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    This document introduces the topic of cement clinker quality and composition that will be covered in Module 2. It defines clinker quality as being primarily judged by the hydraulic performance of cement made from the clinker, which includes strength development, setting characteristics, workability and durability. The clinker composition affects these properties, with setting and workability being adjustable during milling. Strength development depends on the amounts of silicate minerals C3S and C2S present, with higher levels resulting from higher lime saturation or silica modulus in the raw materials feed. However, the strength development also depends on factors beyond just the amounts of these minerals, such as the role of minor compounds and how the C3S and C2S crystals

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    139 views2 pages

    Cement Kiln Process Chemistry: Module 2. Cement Clinker Quality and Composition

    Uploaded by

    albertbunguri
    This document introduces the topic of cement clinker quality and composition that will be covered in Module 2. It defines clinker quality as being primarily judged by the hydraulic performance of cement made from the clinker, which includes strength development, setting characteristics, workability and durability. The clinker composition affects these properties, with setting and workability being adjustable during milling. Strength development depends on the amounts of silicate minerals C3S and C2S present, with higher levels resulting from higher lime saturation or silica modulus in the raw materials feed. However, the strength development also depends on factors beyond just the amounts of these minerals, such as the role of minor compounds and how the C3S and C2S crystals

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Cement Kiln Chemistry

    2.1 Introduction

    Cement Kiln Process Chemistry


    Module 2. Cement Clinker Quality and Composition.
    2.1
    Introduction
    In module 2 of the course we are going to focus on the quality and composition of cement
    clinker. Perhaps we should first define quality as it relates to cement clinker.

    Primarily clinker quality is judged


    by the hydraulic performance of
    cement made from the clinker.

    Hydraulic performance of cement covers strength development, setting characteristics,


    workability and durability and the consistency of those hydraulic performance
    characteristics. The clinker quality and composition affects all these hydraulic
    characteristics of the cement, although setting and workability can be adjusted or
    controlled in the finish milling of the cement.
    Durability of concrete made from cement is
    certainly determined by the clinker quality and
    composition. The clinker must be combined to a
    low residual free lime (<2.5%) and not contain
    more than 5% MgO. However, presuming
    adequate combination, the strength development
    of the cement made from the clinker is the
    primary measure of clinker quality.
    The strength development of cement, and
    concrete made from cement, is determined by the
    silicate content of the cement in the minerals C3S
    and C2S. The higher the silica modulus (SM) of
    clinker the greater the silicate content, but we
    have seen in Module 1 that if the SM exceeds 4.0
    then there are difficulties in combining the clinker.
    The early strength of cement derives primarily from the C3S, the higher the lime
    saturation (LSF) of the clinker the higher will be the C3S content, up to the maximum of
    100% lime saturated.

    Cement Kiln Chemistry

    2.1 Introduction

    The raw materials in kiln feed can be proportioned to high LSF and SM targets to
    maximise silicate and C3S content, but what does lime saturation actually mean?
    Will the real clinker mineralogy correspond with the target from the proportioning?
    Will strength development of the C3S and C2S be as expected?
    Is strength development only dependent on the amount of the C3S and C2S present?
    Or is the C3S and C2S in some clinkers better at strength development than others?
    What is the role of minor compounds and constituents in the clinker?
    How can the strength development of the C3S and C2S be controlled and predicted?
    These are the questions we will try to answer in this Module 2 of the course.
    We will certainly not be able to answer these questions without an understanding of CaOSiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3 (CSAF) quaternary system. The CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3 (CSAF)
    quaternary system is where we will start in the next session of the course.
    There is no exercise associated with this session 1 of module 2, however, I recommend
    trying Quiz 2.1 to assess your current knowledge before studying the rest of the sessions,
    then repeating later as self-assessment.

    ii

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