UNIVERSITY OF THE EAST

2219 CLARO M. RECTO AVENUE,

SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
ECN 313 1A (VECTOR ANALYSIS)
PRACTICE EXERCISES

VIZCONDE, MA. KARYL NIA C.

20110155812
FERNANDO VICTOR DE VERA
JULY 26, 2013

VECTOR ALGEBRA
1.) Given vectors A= - ax + 6az and B = 2ax 5ay + 4az.
Determine the following:
a)
b)
c)
d)

|A + 2B|
2B 3A
The component of A in the direction y.
A unit vector parallel to 2A B

a.) A + 2B = (-ax + 6az) + 2(2ax - 5ay + 4az)

= (-1 + 4)ax + (0 - 10)ay + (6 + 8)az
= 3ax - 10ay + 14az
A + 2B = 32+(102)+14 2
A + 2B = 305 17.464 units
b.) 2B - 3A = 2(2ax - 5ay + 4az) - 3(-ax + 6az) = (4 + 3)ax + (-10 0)ay + (8 - 18)az
2B - 3A= 7ax - 10ay - 10az
c.) A = 0ay
d.) 2A - B = 2(-ax + 6az) - (2ax - 5ay + 4az) = (-2-2)ax + (0 + 5)ay
+ (12-4)az
2A-B = -4ax + 5ay + 8az
2A - B = (-42) + 52 + 82 = 105
a2A-B=

4 ax +5 ay +8 az
( 2 AB )
=
2 AB
105

a2A-B = -0.390ax+0.488ay+0.781az

2.) Three points S(2, -6, 1), T(-3, 0 -4) and Q(5, -1, 8) forms a triangle.

Find the length of the sides and all the internal angles.

rs = 2ax-6y+az, rT = -3ax-4az,
rQ=5ax-ay+8az
Solution of the length:
RST = rT- rs = -3ax-4az-2ax+6ayaz = -5ax+6ay-5az
RST = (52)+6 2+(52)
RST = 86 9.274 units
RTQ=rQ-rT =-3ax-4az-5ax+ay-8az
=-8ax+ay-12az
8

RTQ =

RTQ = 209 14.457 units

RSQ = rQ-rS = 5ax-ay+8az2ax+6ay-az =3ax+5ay+7az
RSQ = 32+ 52+ 72
RSQ = 83 9.110 units

Solution for the internal angles:

1

= cos
cos1
cos1

[|

R ST RTQ
RST||R TQ|

[
[|

]
|]

RTQ R SQ
|RTQ||R SQ|
R ST R SQ

, =

,=

|RSQ|

or

RST||R SQ
sin
|RST| = |RTQ|
sin
sin
RST =-5ax+6ay-5az, RST =
86
RTQ =-8ax+ay-12az, RTQ =
209

RST RTQ = (-5)(-8) + (6)(1) + (-5)

(-12) = 106

106
( 186 ) ( 209)
= 37.754
=

cos1

85
sin37.754

209
sin

, =

sin 1

209 sin 37.754

83

= 76.308

= 180 - = 180 37.754

= 65.93

3.) 1. Given that A=ax+kay-2az and B=ax-3ay+kaz are 40degrees

apart, find k.
2. Find the component of (4ax-3ay) along (7ay+10az)
3. Find the projection of A=3ax-ay+7az along the z axis.

1.) AxB =

ax ay az
1
k 2
1 3 k

AxB=k2ax - 2ay - 3az - kaz - 6ax - kay

= (k2-6)ax-(2+k)ay-(3+k)az
2
k 6

AxB =

AxB = k 4 10 k 2 +10 k + 49
A = 12+ k 2+(2)2 = k 2 +5
B = 12+ k 2+(3)2 = k 2 +10
k4 -10k2 + 10k + 49 = (k2 + 5)( k2 + 10)sin40
k4 -10k2 + 10k + 49 = k4 + 15k2 +50 sin40
-10k2 + 10k + 49 = k4 + 15k2 + 50 (sin40)2 (shift solve for k)
k = -1.067
2.) Let A = 7ay + 10az and B = 4ax - 3ay
Scalar component:
1 A B
Bax = cos
=
| A||B|
21
1
cos
(5 ) ( 149)
Bax = 69.875
BaA = 5cos69.875
BaA = 1.720

3.) Bax =

cos1

Vector component:
(BaA)aA = BaA cos AB
7 ay+10 az
aA=
149
aA = 0.573ay + 0.819az
(BaA)aA = 5(0.573ay +
0.819az)cos69.875
(BaA)aA= 0.986ay + 1.409az

A B
1 7
= cos
| A||B|
59

Length of projection:
BaA = BaA cos AB =
cos24.31

59

= 24.311
BaA = 7

az
= az
72
B = 59
(BaA)aA = 59 cos24.311az
(BaA)aA = 7az
aA =

Vector projection:
(BaA)aA = BaA cos AB

4.) Consider the three vectors A=ax-2ay-az; B=3ax+ay-7az and

C=5ax-6az. If the vectors are adjacent sides of a parallelepiped, find:
a)
b)
c)
d)

The
The
The
The

volume of the solid.

base area.
perpendicular height.
longest diagonal.

a.) V = A.(BxC)

ax ay az
3 1 7
5 0 6
0 = -6ax -35ay + 18ay 5az
BxC = -6ax 17ay 5az
V = (1)(-6) + (-2)(-17) + (-1)
(-5)
V= 33 cubic units
BxC =

b.) Abase = BxC

BxC = -6ax 17ay 5az
Abase =
(6)2+(17)2+(5)2
Abase = 5 14 18.708
sq. Units

c.) The perpendicular height.

A (BxC )
=
BxC
H = 1.764 unit

H=

33
5 14

VECTOR EQUATION OF STRAIGHT LINES

1.) Find the equation of the line passing through (-1,3,9) and is
parallel to:
a
b
c
d
e
f
g

The x-axis
A(-1, 3, 9)
rA=-ax+3ay+9az
rB=ax
r=rA+tB
r=-ax+3ay+9az+t(ax)
x=-1+t ; y=3 ; z=9

h
i
j
k
l

b) The y-axis
rA=-ax+3ay+9az
rB=ay
r=-ax+3ay+9az+t(ay)
x=-1; y=3+t ; z=9

o rB=az
p r=-ax+3ay+9az+t(az)
q x=-1; y=3;z=9+t
r
s
t
d) The vector 8ax +
7ay - 5az
u A(-1, 3, 9)
v B=8ax+7ay-5az
w r=ax+3ay+9az+t(8ax+7
ay-5az)
x x=-1+8t; y=3+7t;
z=9-5t

m
c) The z-axis
n rA=-ax+3ay+9az

y
z
aa 2.) A line passes through (1,2,-3) and parallel to the
direction
2 2
3 2
2
ax ay + az
5
10
2

. Find:

ab
ac
a The parametric equation of the line A(1, 2, -3)
ad
ae rA=ax+2ay-3az
af
ag
ah
ai

2 2
3 2
2
ax ay + az
5
10
2
2 2
3 2
2
ax ay + az
r= ax+2ay-3az+t
5
10
2
22
t )5 = 5+2 2 t
x = (1+
5
2 t 10 = 20+ 2t
y = (2
10
B=

aj

z = (-3+

2 t )2 =-6+ 2t

ak
al

x = 5+2

2 t;

y=20+3

2t ;

z=20+

am
an
ao
b The standard equation of the line
ap x= 5+2 2 t
y=20+3 2t
z=20+ 2t
x5
y 20
aq t=
t=
2 2
3 2
z +6
t=
2
ar
as
c The direction ratio
at

2t

x5 y 20 z +6
=
=
2 2
3 2
2

(2

2:3 2:

2 )

1
2

= 2:3:1

au
av
aw
ax
ay
az
ba
bb 3.) Find the equation of the line passing through the given
points:
bc
a A(4,6,-1) and B(3,0,5)
x4 y 6 z(1)
x4 y 6 z+1
=
=
=
=
=
bd
34 06 5(1)
1
6
6
be
b A(1,1,0) and B(-2,-4,8)
x1
y 1 z0
x1 y1 z
=
=
=
=
=
bf
21 41 80
3
5 8
bg
c A(2/3, -5/7, 0) and B(-8/5, 11/3, 8)
y(5 /7) z0
x2/3
x2/3 y +5/7 z
=
=
=
=
=
bh 8 /52/3 11
80
34/ 15 92/21 8
(5/7)
3
bi

d A(2,0,0) and B(2,0,4)

x2 y 0 z0
z
=
=
= ; x= ; y=0
bj
22 00 40
4
bk
bl
bm 4.) A line is defined by the following parametric equations:
x=2-3t;
bn
y=-1+2t; z=9+t. Find the distance from the point (4,2,1)
to the line.
bo
bp A = 2ax-ay+9az
bq B = -3ax+2ay+az
br C = 4ax+2ay+az
bs
bt RAC = 4ax+2ay+az2az+ay-9az
bu RAC = 2ax+3ay-8az
bv
bwRAC2 = 2(2)+3(3)+(8)(-8)=77
bx

by RAC2 . rB=2(-3)+3(2)+
(-8)1=-8
bz
ca rB = (3 )2 +22 +12 =

14

cb

cc d =

77(

8 2
)
14

cd
ce d = 8.510 units

cf
cg b.) A line is defined by the standard Cartesian form as (2x-1)
( y 4)
2 ; z=1.
=
ch
Find the distance from the point (0,3,-5) to the line.
ci
( y 4)
cj t=2x-1
t= 2

z=1
ck 2x=t+1
1 1
cl x= 2 + 2 t
cm
1
cn A ( 2 , 4, 1)
1
co = ( 2 ax + 4ay + az)
1
cp B ( 2 , -2, 0)

2t=y-4
y=4+2t
1
cq = ( 2 ax - 2ay)
cr C (0,3,-5) = (3ay5az)
1
cs RAC = - 2 ax+ay+6az

1
ct RAC2 = 4 + 1 + 36 =
37.25
cu RAC.rB =-1/4-2=-2.25

cv d =

2.25 2
2.062
cw d = 6.005units

37.25

cx
cy
cz
da
db
dc 5.) Find the distance between the given set of parallel lines:
a L1 passes through (1,2,-4) and L2 passes through (0,9,7). Both
lines are parallel with the vector (8ax-3az)
dd
de r1(1,2,-4) r2(0,9,7)
df
dg rB = 8ax-3az
dh
di r12 = -ax+7ay+11az
dj r122 = (-1)(-1)+(7)
(7)+(11)(11)
=
171
dk
dr
ds
dt

dl r12.rB = (-1)(8)+(7)
(0)+(11)(-3)
dm
=-41
dn
41 2
do d = 171( 2 2 )
8 +3
dp
dq d =12.164units

x1 y +4
=
=2 z1 and L2 which passes through
3
2
the point (3,-9,1)
du
dv
dw
x1 y + 4
=
=2 z1
dx
3
2
dy
1
1
dz A1 (1, 4, 2 ) rB (3, 2, 2 ) A2 (3,-9,1)
ea
eb
ec
ed rA1A2 = 2ax-5ay+1/2az

b L1 is given as

1 1
59
ee rA1A22 = (2)(2)+(-5)(-5)+( 2 )( 2 )= 2
1 1
15
ef rA1A2.rB=(2)(3)+(-5)(2)+( 2 )( 2 )=- 4

2
15
eg d = 59
4
( 2 2
)
2
3 +2 +(1 /2)2
eh d =5.33units
ei 6.) Find the distance between the following skew lines:
ej
L1 passes through (1,-2,3) and parallel to vector (7ax-2az)
and
ek
L2 passes through (0,4,-4) and parallel with the z-axis.
el
em
A1 (1,-2,3)
en A2 (0,4,-4)
eo B1 = 7ax-2az
ep B2 parallel to z-axis
eq rA1-rA2=-ax+6ay-7az
er
ax ay az

= 7ay
7 0 2
es B1x B2
0 0
1
et

eu
ev B1x B2 = 72 =7
ew
ex (rA1-rA2) . (B1x B2) =
42
ey
ez
fe
f
1.
fg
fh
fi

(r A 1r A 2) ( B 1 x B 2)
B1x B2
fc d = 6 units
fd

( y 3) (3z 4)
2 =
5
b) L1 is given by the equation (2x+1)=
( x 2)
(2 y 3)
3
4
and L2 is given by the equation
=
;z=

( x 2)
3

=
z=1.

fj

fa
fb d =

( 2 y 3)
4

( y 3)
t= 2

fk

t = 2x+1
(3z 4) y 3
3 z+ 4
t=
5
2
5
t=
f
t = 2x+1
5t = 3z+4
fm
2x = 1-t
3z = 4+5t
fn
fo
fp
fq
fr
fs
ft
fu
fw
fx
;
fy
fz

2t=y-3
y=3+2t

x=

( x 2)
3
t=

1 1
t ,z=
2 2
fv

4 5
+ t
3 3
(2 y 3)
4

=
z=1

3t = x+2
x =3t-2

4t=2y-3
2y=3+4t
3
y= +2 t
2

ga
gb
gc
gd
ge

1
ax + 3ay 2
3
ay +az
rA2=-2ax+
2
1
5
ax+2 ay+ az
B1 =
2
3
gf
rA1 =

4
az
3

B2 = 3ax+2ay
gg
5
3
7
ax ay + az
rA1-rA2 =
2
2
3

gh
gi
gj
gk

gl

B1x B2

ax ay az
1 2 5
2
3
3 2 0

gn

= 5ay + az +

gm
10
10
ax +6 az= ax
3
3

go
gp

(rA1-rA2) . (B1x B2) = (-

(7) =

+ 5ay + 7az

5
10
3
7
)(
)+(
)( 5 ) + (
)
2
3
2
3

1
2

gq
gr
gs
gt

B1x B2=

10 2 2 2
) +5 +7 =
3

766
3

766
3

gu
gv d =

gw

(r A 1r A 2) ( B 1 x B 2)
B1x B2

d=

1
2
766
3

1
2
766
3

= 0.172 units

gxVECTOR EQUATIONS OF PLANES

gy
gz 1.) Find the equations of the planes described:
ha
hb a) Passing through the point (3,4,1) and perpendicular to the
vector (ax-ay+3az).
hc b) Passing through the point (1,0,0) and perpendicular to the
x-axis.
hd
he a) rA =3ax+4ay+az
hk
hf B = ax-ay+3az
hl b.) x-axis = (x, 0, 0)
hg d = B . rA = [(3)(1)+(4)
hm rA = ax
(-1)+(1)(3)] = 2
hn B = ax
hh
ho d = (1)(1)
hi Equation of plane
hp d =1
hj Ax ay + 3az = 2
hq x =1
hr
hs 2.) Find the equation of the following planes:
ht
hu a) Passing through the points (3,0,-3), (4,8,7) and (-2,-6,-5).
hv
At what point on the x-axis does it pass through?

hwb) Passing through the origin and the points (2,4,-5) and (-3,6,7)
hx
hy
hz a.) A (3,0,-3)
ia
B (4,8,7)
ib
C (-2,-6,-5)
ic
id

x3
43
23

y
8
6

z3
73
53

ie
=0
if
ih
ii 0 = -[6(x-3)+(-50y)6(z+3)}
ij - [-60(x-3)-2y-40(z+3)]
ik 0 = 44(x - 3) - 48y +
34(z + 3)
ip
iq
ir
is
it
iu
iv
iw
ix
iy

ig
=0

x 3

z3

10

il 44x - 48y + 34z = 30 is

the equation of the
plane
im B=44ax - 48ay + 34az
in is the perpendicular
vector of plane
io D (44,0,0)

b.) A (0,0,0)
B (2,4,-5)
C (-3,-6,7)

iz
ja
jb
jc
jd
je
jf
jg
jh

x
2
3

y
4
6

z
5
7

0=28x + 15y - 12z - [30x+14y-12z]

0= -2x + y
2x y = 0

3.)Find the point of intersection between the lines and the

planes described:

ji
jj a ) Line: passes through (6, 1, -2); parallel with (ax - 3ay +
2az).
jk
Plane: passes through (0,9,6) and perpendicular with (-2ay
+

7az).

( x 3)
( z 5)
2
4 ; plane equation
jl b) Line equation:
= (2y + 3) =
(3x+4y-9z=5).

jm
jn
jo a.) Line: rA = 6ax = ay2az
jp B = ax - 3ay + 2az
jq
jr Equation of line
js rL = (6ax + ay - 2az) +
t(ax - 3ay + 2az)
jt
ju Plane
jv rA = 9ay + 6az
jw B =-2ay+7az
jx B . r = B. rA = d
jy d = (9)(-2) + (6)(7)
jz d = 24
kl
km
kn
ko
kp
kq
kr
ks
kt
ku
kv
kw
kx
ky
kz
la
lb
lc
ld
le

ka (-2ay+7az) . [(6ax+ay2az) + t(9ax-3ay+2az)]

= 24
kb
kc 0(6+9t)
kd + -2(1-3t)
ke + 7(-2+2t)
kf
24
kg
kh -2 + 6t 14 + 14t = 24
ki 20t = 40
kj t = 2
kk (0, 10, 14)
lf
lg
lh
li
lj
lk

b.) B . r = B . rA
Line
x = 3 + 2t
y= -3/2 + t/2
z= 5 + 4t
Rp = 3ax 3/2ay + 5az
+
ll t(2ax + 1/2ay + 4az)
lm
ln
lo Plane
lp d = 5
lq B = 3ax + 4ay - 9az
lr B . r = B.rA
ls = (2ax+4ay-9az) .
3
[(3ax- 2 ay +50z)

mj
-42 + 14t =
1
5
lt + t(2ax + 2 ay + 4az)]
mk
=5
ml
lu
mm
lv
47
lw
lx
mn t = 44
ly
mo
lz
334
ma
mp x = 22
mb
85
mc
mq y = - 22
md
72
me
mf
mr z = - 11
mg x = 3(3+2t) = 9 +
ms
6t
mt
3 1
mu
2
2
334 85
72
mh y = 4(- + t) = -6
+ 2t
mv ( 22 , - 22 , - 11 )
mi z = -9(5+4t) = -45 +
36t
mw
mx
my
mz
na
nb
nc
nd
ne
nf
ng
nh
ni
nj
nk
nl
nm
nn
no 4.) Find the line intersection between two planes described as
follows:
np
nq a) Plane 1: (2ax-5ay+az).r=2 and Plane 2: (-9ax+3ay8az).r=5

nr b) Plane 1 passes through (2,5,1) and perpendicular to (4ax2ay+7az);

ns
Plane 2 passes through (7,2,-5) and perpendicular to the
vector (-6ay+9az)
nt
nu
nv
nw
a.) A (2, -5, 1)
nx
B (-9, 3, -8)
ny
nz A
x
B
x
y
z

2
5
1
9
3
8
oa
ob = [(40 - 3)ax + (-9 +
16)ay + (6 - 45)az)]
oc = 37ax + 7ay 39az
od
oe Select xy plane (z = 0)
of 2x -5y = 2
og -9x + 3y = 5
oh
31
oi x= - 39
oj
28
ok y= - 39
ol
pd
pe
pf
pg
ph
pi
pj
pk
pl
pm
pn
po
pp
pq

b.) A1 (2, 5, 1) B1 (4, -2, 7)

om
A2 (7, 2, -5)
B2 (0, -6, 9)
on
oo B . r = d
op (4ax 2ay + 7az) . r = [(4)
(2) + (-2)(5) + (7)(1)]
oq (4ax 2ay + 7az) . r = 5
or
os B . r = d
ot (4ax 2ay + 7az).r = [(0)
(7) + (-6)(2) + (4)(-5)]
ou (-6ay + 9az) . r = -57
ov
owSelect xy plane (z=0)
ox 4x 2y = 5
oy -6y = -57
oz
pa x = 6
pb
19
pc y = 2

pr 5.) Find the distance from the point to the plane described as
follows:
ps
pt a) Point (6,0,-2) and the plane (4ax-9az).r=6.
pu b) Point (2,5,1) and the plane which passes through (5,1,-1)
and
pv
is perpendicular to the vector (5ax-2ay+5az).
pw
a.) A (6, 0, -2)
px
B(4, 0, -9) . r = 6
py d = 6
pz
d - (rA . B)
B
qa d =
qb
{[(6)(4) (-2)(-9)] - 6}
(4)2 (-9)2

qc d=
qd
36

qe d = 97
qf
qg d = 3.655 units
qh
qi
b.) A (5, 1, -1)
qj
B (2, 5, 1)
qk
Po (2, 5, 1)
ql
qm
qn d = Po . B = [(2)(5) + (5)(-2) + (1)(5)]
qo d = 5
qp
qq rA . B = [(5)(5) + (1)(-2) + (-1)(5)] = 18
qr
d - (rA . B)
B
qs d =
qt
(18 5)
54
qu d =
qv
qwd = 1.769 unit

qx