IIT-JEE :: 2010

PHYSICS:: PAPER-I (Solutions)

SECTION-I
1.

A real gas behaves like an ideal gas if its

a) pressure and temperature are both high

b) pressure and temperature are both low
c) pressure is high and temperature is low
d) pressure is low and temperature is high
Sol. (d)
A real gas behaves like an ideal gas at low pressure and high temperature.
2.

Consider a thin square sheet of side L and thickness t, made of a material of

resistivity . The resistance between two opposite faces, shown by the shaded
areas in the figure is
a) directly proportional to L
b) directly proportional to t
c) independent of L
d) independent of t
Sol. (c)

t
L

l
A

As R =

Here, l = L, A = Lt
R=

L
=
Lt
t

Hence, the resistance between two opposite faces, shown by the shaded areas in the figure above is
independent of.
3.

A thin uniform annular disc (see figure) of mass M has outer radius 4R and inner radius 3R. The work
required to take a unit mass from point P on its axis to infinity is
P
2GM
(4 2 5)
7R
GM
c)
4R

4R

2GM
(4 2 5)
7R
2GM
d)
( 2 1)
5R

b)

a)

3R

Sol. (a)
Mass per unit area of the disc,
=

Mass
M
M
=
=
Area ( (4R)2 (3R)2 ) 7R2

Considering a ring of radius x and thickness dx as shown in the figure.

Mass of the ring, dM = 2xdx =

2Mxdx
7R2

Potential at point P due to annular disc is

4R

VP =

3R

GdM
(4R) + (x)
2

Solving, we get VP =

GM2
7R

dx

4R

3R

xdx
16R2 + x 2

4R
GM2
2GM
2
2
16R
+
x
=
(4 2 5)

3R
2
7R
7R

Work done in moving a unit mass from P to = V VP

2GM
2GM
(4 2 5) =
(4 2 5)
7R

7R

= 0

4R

4R
3R
x

4R


4.

A block of mass m is on an inclined plane of angle . The coefficient of friction between

the block and the plane is and tan > . The block is held stationary by applying a force
P parallel to the plane. The direction of force pointing up the plane is taken to be positive.
As P is varied from P1 = mg(sin cos ) to P2 = mg (sin + cos ), the frictional
force f versus P graph will look like
a) f
b) f
c) f
d) f
P2
P1

P1

P2

P1

P2

P1

P2

Sol. (a)
From FBD of block N = mg cos
P + f = mg sin or f = mg sin P
As P varies from mg(sin cos) to mg(sin + cos), f varies from +
mgcos to mgcos. This value of friction is always less than or equal to N
in magnitude.
Hence option (a) correct.
5.

mgsin

mgcos
mg

A thin flexible wire of length L is connected to two adjacent fixed points and carries a current I in the
clockwise direction, as shown in the figure. When the system is put in a uniform magnetic field of
strength B going into the plane of the paper, the wire takes the shape of

a circle. The tension in the wire is

a) IBL

b)

IBL

IBL
2

d)

IBL
4

c)

Sol. (c)
Consider an small element AB of length dl of the circle of radius R subtending an angle at the centre
O. If T is the tension in the wire, then force towards the centre will be equal to 2T sin( /2) which is
balanced by outward magnetic force on the current carrying element (= IdlB).
2T sin(/2) = IdlB
IdlB

For small angle , sin =

2T = IdlB
2

or T =

dl

T cos /2

/2
T

IBdl
IBL
dl
L
= IBR =
= , R =

2
R
2

T cos /2
/2 /2 /2
B
T
O

2T sin /2

6.

An AC voltage source of variable angular frequency and fixed amplitude V0 is connected in series
with a capacitance C and an electric bulb of resistance R (inductance zero). When is increased
a) the bulb glows dimmer
b) the bulb glows brighter
c) total impedance of the circuit is unchangedd) total impedance of the circuit increases
Sol. (b)
Impedance of the circuit, Z = (XC )2 + (R)2 =

1
2
+R
C

As

increases, Z decreases.

Current in the circuit, I =

V0,
~

V0
.
Z


7.

When is increased, the impedance of the circuit decreases and the current through the bulb increases.
Therefore the bulb glows brighter.
To verify Ohms law, a student is provided with a test resistor RT, a high resistance R1, a small
resistance R2, two identical galvanometers G1 and G2, and a variable voltage source V. The correct
circuit to carry out the experiment is
G1
G1
a)
b)
c)
d)
R2
R1
G1

G1

R2

G2

RT

R1

R1
RT

G2

R2
RT

G2

G2

RT

R1

R2
V

Sol. (c)
G1 is used as a voltmeter by connecting it in series with high
resistance R1 and connected it across RT in parallel and G2 is
used as an ammeter by connecting it in parallel with small
resistance R2 (called shunt) and connecting in series with RT as
shown in the figure.
Hence, above circuit is used to verify ohms law.
8.

Voltmeter

G1

R1

RT

G2

Ammeter

R2
V

Incandescent bulbs are designed by keeping in mind that the resistance of their filament increases with
the increase in temperature. If at room temperature 100 W, 60 W and 40 W bulbs have filament
resistances R100, R60 and R40 respectively, the relation between these resistances is
1

a)

R100

1
1
+
R 40 R60

b) R100 = R 40 + R60

c) R100 > R60 > R 40

d)

1
R100

>

1
1
>
R60 R 40

Sol. (d)
Power, P =

V2
R

1
R
As P100 > P60 > P40

1
1
1
>
>
R100 R60 R 40

Normally

1
R100

1
1
+
could have been correct.
R 40 R60

But small change in resistance due to temperature change can destroy the equality.
SECTION-II
(One or More may be correct)
9. One mole of an ideal gas in initial state A undergoes a cyclic process ABCA, as shown in the figure. Its
pressure at A is P0. Choose the correct option(s) from the following.
V
B
4V0
a) Internal energies at A and B are the same
b) Work done by the gas in process AB is P0V0
n 4
V0
A
C
c) Pressure at C is P0/4
T0 T
d) Temperature at C is T0/4
Sol. (a, b)
Internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on temperature of the gas.
AB is an isothermal process.
Internal energy at A = Internal energy at B
Hence, option (a) is correct.


Applying ideal gas equation at A, we get
P0V0 = 1 RT0 or P0V0 = RT0
Work done by the gas in process AB is

(i)

4V
V
WAB = nRT ln B = 1 R T0 ln 0
V
A
V0

= P0 V0 ln 4

(Using (i))

Hence, option (b) is correct.

Note : Options (c) and (d) are correct only if BC passes through the origin.
10. A point mass of 1 kg collides elastically with a stationary point mass of 5 kg. After their collision, the 1
kg mass reverses its direction and moves with a speed of 2 ms1. Which of the following statement(s)
is(are) correct for the system of these two masses?
a) Total momentum of the system is 3 kg ms1
b) Momentum of 5 kg mass after collision is 4 kg ms1
c) Kinetic energy of the centre of mass is 0.75 J
d) Total kinetic energy of the system is 4 J
Sol. (a, c)
u
1 kg
5 kg
Here, m1 = 1 kg, m2 = 5 kg, u1 = u, u2 = 0
Before
collision
1
v1 = 2ms , v2 = v
1
2 ms
v
1 kg
5 kg
By the law of conservation of linear momentum, we get
After collision
m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2 v 2

1 u + 5 0 = 1 ( 2) + 5 v
u = 5v 2

(i)

By the definition of coefficient of restitution, e =

v2 v2
u1 u2

For a perfectly elastic collision, e = 1

1=

v+2
u

or u = v + 2
(ii)
Solving equations (i) and (ii), we get
u = 3 ms1, v = 1 ms1
Before collision,
Total momentum of the system = 1 3 + 5 0 = 3 kg ms1
After collision,
Total momentum of the system = 1 (2) + 5 1 = 3 kg ms1
Hence option (a) is correct.
Momentum of 5 kg mass after collision = 5 1 = 5 kg ms1
Hence, option (b) is incorrect.
Velocity of centre mass is v cm =

1 3 + 5 0 1
= ms1
1+ 5
2
2

Kinetic energy of the centre of mass is =

1
1
1
2
= 6 = 0.75J
msystem v CM
2
2
2

Hence, option (c) is correct.

Before collision, total kinetic energy of the system =

1
1
1 32 + 5 02 = 4.5J
2
2


After collision, total kinetic energy of the system =

1
1
1 ( 2)2 + 5 12 = 4.5J
2
2

Hence, option (d) is incorrect.

11. A ray OP of monochromatic light is incident on the face AB of prism ABCD
near vertex B at an incident angle of 60 (see figure). If the refractive index
of the material of the prism is 3 , which of the following is (are) correct?
a) The ray gets totally internally reflected at face CD
b) The ray comes out through face AD
c) The angle between the incident ray and the emergent ray is 90
d) The angle between the incident ray and the emergent ray is 120
Sol. (a, b, c)
Applying Snells law at face AB, we get
1 sin 60 = 3 sinr

sin c =

1
3

3
= 3 sinr
2
1
sinr =
2
1
r = sin1 = 30
2

60
60

C
135

(Where c is the critical angle)

90
A
60

45
45
45 Q
45
30
60 75
D
R

1
c = sin1

3
c = 35

From geometry, Angle of incidence at Q is 45.

At face CD angle of incidence is greater than c.
Therefore, the rays get totally internally reflected at face CD.
Hence, option (a) is correct.
From geometry, Angle of incidence at R is 30.
At face AD angle of incidence is less than c.
So, the ray comes through face AD.
Hence, option (b) is correct.
Applying Snells law at face AD, we get
3 sin30 = 1 sine
3

Incident ray

1
= sin e
2

sin e =

3
3
e = sin1
= 60
2
2

60
60

From figure, the angle between the incident ray and the emergent ray is 90.
Emergent ray
Hence, option (c) is correct and option (d) is incorrect.
Note: Angle between incident and emergent rays is the same as the angle between the two faces = 90.
12. A student uses a simple pendulum of exactly 1 m length to determine g, the acceleration due to gravity.
He uses a stop watch with the least count of 1 sec for this and records 40 seconds for 20 oscillations. For
this observation, which of the following statement(s) is (are) true?
a) Error T in measuring T, the time period is 0.05 seconds
b) Error T in measuring T, the time period is 1 second
c) Percentage error in the determination of g is 5%


d) Percentage error in the determination of g is 2.5%
Sol. (a, c)
Relative error is measurement of time,
Time period, T =

t
1s
1
=
=
t
40 s 40

40 s
=2s
20

Error in measurement of time period, T = T

The time period of simple pendulum is T = 2

1
t
= 2s
= 0.05 s
t
40
l
g

or T 2 =

4 2 l
g

or g =

4 2 l
T2

g 2T
1
1 T t
=
=
= 2
=

g
T
40 20 T
t

Percentage error in determination of g is

g
1
100 =
100 = 5% .
g
20

13. A few electric field lines for a system of two charges Q1 and Q2 fixed at
two different points on the x-axis are shown in the figure. These lines
suggest that
a) |Q1| > |Q2|
b) |Q1| < |Q2|
c) at a finite distance to the left of Q1 the electric field is zero
d) at a finite distance to the right of Q2 the electric field is zero
Sol. (a, d)
Number of electric field lines originating from Q1 is more than terminating at Q2.
|Q1| > |Q2|
Here, Q1 is positive while Q2 is negative.
Since |Q1| > |Q2|, therefore electric field will be zero at a finite distance to the right of Q2.
SECTION-III
Passage :
Electrical resistance of certain materials, known as superconductors, changes
abruptly from a nonzero value to zero as their temperature is lowered below a
critical temperature TC (0). An interesting property of superconductors is that their
critical temperature becomes smaller than TC (0) if they are placed in a magnetic
field, i.e., the critical temperature TC(B) is a function of the magnetic field strength
B. The dependence of TC(B) on B is shown in the figure.
14. In a graphs below, the resistance R of a superconductor is shown as a function of its temperature T for
two different magnetic fields B1 (solid line) and B2 (dashed line). If B2 is larger than B1, which of the
following graphs shows the correct variation of R with T in these fields?
B2
a) R
b) R
c) R
d) R
B
1

B2
O

B1

B1
O

B1
T

B2

B2
T

Sol. (a) As magnetic field increases, critical temperature decreases.

Hence, option (a) is correct.
15. A superconductor has TC(0) = 100 K. When a magnetic field of 7.5 Tesla is applied, its TC decreases to
75 K. For this material one can definitely say that when
a) B = 5 Tesla, TC(B) = 80 K
b) B = 5 Tesla, 75 K < TC(B) < 100 K


c) B = 10 Tesla, 75 K < TC(B) < 100 K
d) B = 10 Tesla, TC(B) = 70 K
Sol. (b)
Magnetic field (Tesla)
TC (K)
0
100
7.5
75
As magnetic field varies from zero to 7.5 T, TC varies from 100 K to 75 K which clearly shows for a
magnetic field of 5T, TC must be in between 75 K and 100 K.
i.e. for B = 5 T, 75 K TC < 100 K
Hence (b) is correct.
Passage :
When a particle of mass m moves on the x-axis in a potential of the form V(x) = kx2, it performs simple
harmonic motion. The corresponding time period is proportional
to m / k , as can be seen easily using dimensional analysis.
However, the motion of a particle can be periodic even when its
potential energy increases on both sides of x = 0 in a way
different from kx2 and its total energy is such that the particle
does not escape to infinity. Consider a particle of mass m
moving on the x-axis. Its potential energy is V(x) = x4 ( > 0) for |x| near the origin and becomes a
constant equal to V0 for |x| X0 (see figure).
16. If the total energy of the particle is E, it will perform periodic motion only if
d) E > V0
a) E < 0
b) E > 0
c) V0 > E > 0
Sol. (c)
17. For periodic motion of small amplitude A, the time period T of this particle is proportional to
a) A

b)

1 m
A

c)

1
A m

d)

1
A m

Sol. (b)
As V = ax4
[ ] =

[V]
4

[x ]

[ML2 T 2 ]
4

[L ]

= [ML2 T 2 ]

1 m
[M]1/ 2
= [T]
=
A [L][ML2 T 2 ]1/ 2

By method of dimensions

Only option (b) has the dimensions of time.

18. The acceleration of this particle for |x| > X0 is
a) proportional to V0 b) proportional to

V0
c) proportional to
mX0

V0
mX0

Sol. (d)
For |x| > X0, V = V0 = constant
Force =

dV
=0
dx

Hence acceleration of the particle is zero for |x| > X0.

SECTION-IV

d) zero


19. Two spherical bodies A (radius 6 cm) and B (radius 18 cm) are at temperature T1 and T2, respectively.
The maximum intensity in the emission spectrum of A is at 500 nm and in that of B is at 1500 nm.
Considering them to be black bodies, what will be the ratio of the rate of total energy radiated by A to
that of B?
Sol. (9)
According to Wiens displacement law mT = constant.
(m )A TA = (m )B (TB )
or

TA (m )B 1500 nm
=
=
TB (m )A
500 nm

TA
=3
TB

(1)

According to Stefan Boltzmann law, rate of energy radiated by a black body

E = AT 4 = 4R2 T 4

[Here, A = 4R2 ]
4

E A R A TA
6 cm
4
=
=
(3) = 9
EB RB TB
18
cm

20. When two progressive waves y1 = 4 sin(2x 6t) and y2 = 3 sin 2x 6t are

superimposed, the amplitude of the resultant wave is .

Sol. (a)

Here, y1 = 4 sin (2x 6t), y 2 = 3 sin 2x 6t

The phase difference between two waves is =

The amplitude of the resultant wave is

A = A12 + A 22 + 2A1A 2 cos = 42 + 32 + 2 4 3 cos( / 2) = 5

21. A 0.1 kg mass is suspended from a wire of negligible mass. The length of the wire is 1 m and its crosssectional area is 4.9 107 m2. If the mass is pulled a little in the vertically downward direction and
released, it performs simple harmonic motion of angular frequency 140 rad s1. If the Youngs modulus
of the material of the wire is n 109 Nm2, the value of n is .
Sol. (4)
When a wire of length L, area of cross-section A, Youngs modulus Y is stretched by suspending a mass
m, then the mass performs simple harmonic motion with angular frequency =
Substituting the given values, we get, 140 =
n=

14 14 102
49 102

YA
.
mL

n 109 4.9 107

n 109 4.9 107
140 140 =
0.1 1
0.1 1

=4.

22. A binary star consists of two stars A (mass 2.2 MS) and B (mass 11 MS), where MS is the mass of the
sun. They are separated by distance d and are rotating about their centre of mass, which is stationary.
The ratio of the total angular momentum of the binary star to the angular momentum of star B about the
centre of mass is
Sol. (6)
A

CM

2.2 MS
rA

rB

11 MS


Let stars A and B are rotating about their centre mass with angular velocity .
Let distance of stars A and B from the centre of mass be rA and rB respectively as shown in the figure.
Total angular momentum of the binary stars about the centre of mass is : L = MA rA2 + MBrB2
Angular momentum of the star B about centre of mass is LB = MBrB2

(M r 2 + M r 2 ) MA rA
L
= A A 2BB
=
+ 1
LB
MBrB
MB rB

rA MB
=
rB MA

Since, MA rA = MBrB or

11MS
M
L
11 + 2.2
= B +1=
+1=
=6.
LB MA
2.2MS
2.2

23. Gravitational acceleration on the surface of a planet is

6
g, where g is the gravitational acceleration
11

on the surface of the earth. The average mass density of the planet is 2/3 times that of the earth. If the
escape speed on the surface of the earth is taken to be 11 kms1, the escape speed on the surface of the
planet in kms1 will be
Sol. (3)
On the planet, gp =
On the earth, ge =

gp
ge

Rp p

R e e

Rp
Re

GMp
Rp2

GMe
R2e
=

G 4 3 4
Rp p = GRp p
3
Rp2 3

G 4 3 4
Re e = GRe e
3
R2e 3

gp e

(i)

ge p

On the planet, v p = 2gpRp

On the earth, v e = 2geRe

vp
ve

gpRp
geRe

e
p

gp
ge

2
3

Here, p = e , gp =

vp
ve

6
11

using (i)

6
ge
11

3
6
3
v p = 11

2
11
2

( v e = 11 kms1(given))

= 3 km s1
24. A piece of ice (heat capacity = 2100 J kg1 C1 and latent heat = 3.36 105 J kg1) of mass m grams is
at
5C at atmospheric pressure. It is given 420 J of heat so that the ice starts melting. Finally when the
ice-water mixture is in equilibrium, it is found that 1 gm of ice has melted. Assuming there is no other
heat exchange in the process, the value of m is
Sol. (8)
[m 2100 5 + 1 3.36 105 ] 103 = 420 Where m is in grams
m 2100 5 103 + 336 = 420
m 2100 5 103 = 84
m=

84
2100 5 103

= 8g

25. A stationary source is emitting sound at a fixed frequency f0, which is reflected by two cars approaching
the source. The difference between the frequencies of sound reflected from the cars is 1.2% of f0. What


is the difference in the speeds of the cars (in km per hour) to the nearest integer ? The cars are moving at
constant speeds much smaller than the speed of sound which is 330 ms1.
v + v C1
f0
v v C1

Sol. Frequency of sound reflected by the car (1) is f1 =

Where, v = speed of sound, v C1 = speed of car (1), f0 = source of frequency.

As v C1 << v
v C1

1+
v
f1 =
v C1

2v C1

f0 = 1 +
v

f0

v + v C2
f0
v v C2

Frequency of sound reflected by the car (2) is f2 =

where v C2 is the speed of car(2)
As v C2 << v
v C2

1+
v
f2 =
v C2

1
v

2v C2

f0 = 1 +
f0
v

f1 f2 = 1 +

2v C1
2v C2
1 +
v
v

f0

2 | v C | f0
f =
[ | v C | = | v C1 v C2 | ]
v
1.2f0 2 | v C | f0
1.2 330
| v C |=

ms1
=
100
v
100
2
1.2 330 18
=

kmh1 = 7kmh1
100
2
5

26. The focal length of a thin biconvex lens is 20 cm. When an object is moved from a distance of 25 cm in
front of it to 50 cm, the magnification of its image changes from m25 to m50. The ratio m25 / m50 is
Sol. (6)
Magnification, m =

f
f +u

According to Cartesian sign conventions m25 =

20
20
2
= 4 , m50 =
=
20 25
20 50
3

m25 12
=
=6
m50
2

27. An -particle and a proton are accelerated from rest by a potential difference of 100 V. After this, their
de-Broglie wavelengths are

and

respectively. The ratio

, to the nearest integer, is

Sol. (3)
de-Broglie wavelength =
=

p =

h
2mqV

h
2mp qp V

h
2mK

[Kinetic energy, K=qV]

, a =

h
2m q V

2mp qp V

2m q V
h

m q
mp qp

(4mp )(2qp )
mp qp

= 8 =2 2 =3

28. When two identical batteries of internal resistance 1 each are connected in series across a resistor R,
the rate of heat produced in R is J1. When the same batteries are connected in parallel across R, the rate
is J2. If J1 = 2.25 J2 then the value of R in is
1
Sol. (4)

1
In series,
2

2
R.
R + 2

Rate of heat produced in R is J1 =

In parallel,
2

2
Rate of heat produced in R is J2 =
R=
R
1
2R + 1

R +
2

J1 2 2R + 1
2R + 1
=

=
J2 R + 2 2
R+2

According to given problem, J1 = 2.25J2

2

2R + 1
2R + 1
1.5 =
R+2
R+2

2.25 =

1.5R + 3 = 2R + 1 0.5R = 2
R=

2
= 4 .
0.5