TM 55-1520-228-10 Oper Manual

TM 55-1520-228-10
TECHNICAL MANUAL
OPERATORS MANUAL
ARMY MODEL OH-58A/C
HELICOPTER
This manual supersedes TM 55-1520-228-10 and TM 55-1520236-10, 7 April 1978, including all changes.
HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

17 JANUARY 1989
TM 55-1520-228-10
WARNING
An operating procedure, practice, etc., which, if not correctly followed, could result in personnel injury or
loss of life.
An operating procedure, practice, etc., which, if not strictly observed, could result in damage to or destruction
of equipment.
NOTE
An operating procedure, condition, etc., which it is essential to highlight.
WARNING
PRECAUTIONARY DATA
Personnel performing operations, procedures and practices which are included or implied in this technical manual
shall observe the following warnings. Disregard of these warnings or precautionary information can cause serious
injury or loss of life.
WARNING
STARTING ENGINE
Coordinate all cockpit actions with ground observer. Ensure that rotors and blast areas are clear and fire guard is
posted, if available.
WARNING
FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Exposure to high concentrations of monobromotribluoromethane (CF Br) extinguishing agent or toxic fumes produced by the agent should be avoided. The liquid should not be allowed to come into contact with the skin, as it may
cause frostbite or low temperature burns.
WARNING
GROUND OPERATION
Engines will be started and operated only by authorized personnel. Reference AR 951.
WARNING
ELECTROLYTE
Battery electrolyte is harmful to the skin and clothing. Neutralize any spilled electrolyte by flushing contacted areas
thoroughly with water.
Change 12
TM 55-1520-228-10
CARBON MONOXIDE
When smoke, suspected carbon monoxide fumes, or symptoms of anoxia exist, the crew should
immediately ventilate cabin and shut off heater.
HANDLING FUEL AND OILS

Turbine fuels and lubricating oil contain additives which are poisonous and readily absorbed through
the skin. Do not allow them to remain on skin longer than necessary.
HANDLING HYDRAULIC FLUID (MIL-H-83282)

Prolonged contact with liquid or mist can irritate eyes and skin. After prolonged contact with skin,
immediately wash contacted area with soap and water. If liquid contacts eyes, flush immediately
with clean water. If liquid is swallowed, do not induce vomiting; get immediate medical attention.
Wear rubber gloves when handling liquid. If prolonged contact with mist is likely, wear an appropriate respirator. When fluid is decomposed by heating, toxic gases are released.
HAZARDOUS CARGO
Items of cargo possessing dangerous physical properties, such as explosives, acids, fl ammable,
etc., must be handled with extreme caution and in accordance with established regulations. Refer
to TM 38-250.
NOISE
Sound pressure levels in this aircraft during some operating conditions exceed the Surgeon Generals hearing conservation criteria as defined in TB MED 501. Hearing protection devices, such as
the aviator helmet or earplugs are required to be worn by all personnel in and around the aircraft
during its operation.
Change 14
TM 55-1520-228-10
C 14
CHANGE
No. 14
HEADQUARTERS
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
WASHINGTON, D.C., 31 March 2006
TECHNICAL MANUAL
OPERATORS MANUAL
ARMY MODEL OH-58/AC
HELICOPTER
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
TM 55-1520-228-10, 17 January 1989, is changed as follows:
1. Remove and insert pages as indicated below. New or changed text material is indicated by a vertical
bar in the margin. An illustration change is indicated by a miniature pointing hand.
Remove Pages
Insert Pages
a and b
A and B
2-1 through 2-4
2-7 through 2-10
2-13 and 2-14
2-23 and 2-24
2-29 and 2-30
2-35 through 2-38
2-46.1 and 2-46.2
2-49 through 2-52
2-57 and 2-58
3-3 and 3-4
5-1 and 5-2
(5-3 blank)/5-4 through 5-12
6-1 and 6-2
8-5 through 8-8
8-11 through 8-14
9-1 through 9-13/(9-14 blank)
a and b
A and B
2-1 through 2-4
2-7 through 2-10
2-13 and 2-14
2-23 and 2-24
2-29 and 2-30
2-35 through 2-38
2-46.1 and 2-46.2
2-49 through 2-52
2-57 and 2-58
3-3 and 3-4
5-1 and 5-2
(5-3 blank)/5-4 through 5-12
6-1 and 6-2
8-5 through 8-8
8-11 through 8-14
2. Retain this sheet in front of manual for reference purposes.
TM 55-1520-228-10
C14
By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

PETER J. SCHOOMAKER
General, United States Army
Chief of Staff
Official:
JOYCE E. MORROW
Administrative Assistant to the
Secretary of the Army
0528701
DISTRIBUTION:
To be distributed in accordance with Initial Distribution Number (IDN) 310230 requirements for
TM 55-1520-228-10.
TM 55-1520-228-10
C13
CHANGE
NO. 13
HEADQUARTERS
WASHINGTON, D.C., 30 August 2005
TECHNICAL MANUAL
OPERATORS MANUALS
ARMY MODEL OH-58A/C
HELICOPTER

TM 55-1520-228-10, dated 17 January 1989, is changed as follows:
1. Remove and insert pages as indicated below. New or changed text material is indicated by a
vertical bar in the margin. An illustration change is indicated by a miniature pointing hand.
Remove Pages
Insert Pages
A and B
2-11 and 2-12
(5-3 blank) and 5-4
A and B
2-11 and 2-12
(5-3 blank) and 5-4

PETER J. SCHOOMAKER
Chief of Staff
Official:
SANDRA R. RILEY
0519202
DISTRIBUTION: To be distributed in accordance with Initial Distribution Number (IDN) 310230,

requirements for TM 55-1520-228-10.
TM 55-1520-228-10
C 12
CHANGE
NO.
HEADQUARTERS
WASHINGTON, D.C., 10 June 2005
12
TECHNICAL MANUAL
OPERATORS MANUAL
ARMY MODEL OH-58/AC
HELICOPTER

1. Remove and insert pages as indicated below. New or changed text material is indicated by a vertical
bar in the margin. An illustration change is indicated by a miniature pointing hand.
Remove Pages
Insert Pages
a and b
A and B
2-1 through 2-12
2-27 and 2-28
2-37 and 2-38
2-43 and 2-44
2-49 through 2-52
2-55 through 2-60
2-63 and 2-64
(5-3 blank)/ 5-4
7-79 and 7-80
8-7 and 8-8
9-7 and 9-8
a and b
A and B
2-1 through 2-12
2-27 and 2-28
2-37 and 2-38
2-43 and 2-44
2-49 through 2-52
2-55 through 2-60
2-63 and 2-64
(5-3 blank)/ 5-4
7-79 and 7-80
8-7 and 8-8
9-7 and 9-8

PETER J. SCHOOMAKER
Chief of Staff
Official:
SANDRA R. RILEY
0512202
DISTRIBUTION: To be distributed in accordance with Initial Distribution Number (IDN) 310230,

requirements for TM 55-1520-228-10.
TM 55-1520-228-10
C11
CHANGE
NO.
HEADQUARTERS
WASHINGTON, D.C. 1 April 2003
11
TECHNICAL MANUAL
OPERATORS MANUAL
ARMY MODEL OH-58A/C
HELICOPTER

1. Remove and insert pages as indicated below. New or changed text material is indicated by a vertical bar in the
margin. An illustration change is indicated by a miniature pointing hand.
Remove pages
a and b
A and B
i through iv
1-1 and 1-2
2-1 through 2-4
2-11 through 2-14
2-17 through 2-20
2-23 through 26
2-27 through 2-30
Insert pages
a and b
A and B
i through iv
1-1 and 1-2
2-1 through 2-4
2-11 through 2-14
2-17 through 2-20
2-23 through 2-26
2-27 through 2-30
2-33 and 2-34

2-43 and 2-44
2-46.1 through 2-54
2-57 and 2-58
2-61 through 2-67(2-68 blank)
3-1 through 3-8.1/(3-8.2 blank)
3-11 through 3-14

3-17 through 3-20
3-23 through 3-24.1/ (3-24.2 blank)
3-27 and 3-28
3-31 through 3-32.2
3-33 through 3-36

5-1 through 5-10
7-1 through 7-6
7-59 through 7-62
7-79 and 7-80
2-33 and 2-34

2-43 and 2-44
2-46.1 through 2-54
2-57 and 2-58
2-61 through 2-67(2-68 blank)
3-1 through 3-8.2
3-8.3 and 3-8.4
3-11 through 3-14
3-17 through 3-20
3-23 through 3-24.1/ (3-24.2 blank)
3-27 and 3-28
3-31 through 3-32.2
(3-32.3 blank)/ and 3-32.4
3-33 through 3-36
5-1 through 5-10
7-1 through 7-6
7-59 through 7-62
7-79 and 7-80
TM 55-1520-228-10
C11
Remove pages
7-81/(7-82 blank)
(7-83 blank)/7-84
8-1 through 8-12
9-1 and 9-2
9-7 and 9-8
9-11 through 9-14
A-1/(A-2 blank)
Index-1 through Index-9/(Index-10 blank)
Insert pages
(7-83 blank)/7-84
8-1 through 8-12
9-1 and 9-2
9-7 and 9-8
9-11 through 9-14
A-1 and A-2
Index-1 through Index-9/(Index-10 blank)

ERIC K. SHINSEKI
Chief of Staff
Official:
JOEL B. HUDSON
0304901
DISTRIBUTION:
To be distributed in accordance with Initial Distribution Number (IDN) 310230, requirements for
TM 55-1520-228-10.
TM 55-1520-228-10
C10
CHANGE
HEADQUARTERS
WASHINGTON, D.C., 28 July 2000
NO. 10
TECHNICAL MANUAL
OPERATOR'S MANUAL
ARMY MODEL OH-58A/C
HELICOPTER

1. Remove and insert pages as indicated below. New or changed text material is indicated by vertical bar in the margin.
An illustration change is indicated by a miniature pointing hand.
Remove Pages
Insert Pages
a and b
A/(B blank)
i through iv
1-1 and 1-2
2-3 through 2-12
2-17 and 2-18
2-21 and 2-22
----------2-23 and 2-24
----------2-27 through 2-36
2-39 through 2-44
2-49 and 2-50
2-55 and 2-56
2-63 and 2-64
2-65/(2-66 blank)
-----------3-1 through 3-4
3-7 and 3-8
-----------3-23 and 3-24
3-24 1/(3-24.2 blank)
3-25 through 3-30
3-33/(3-34 blank)
------------4-1 though 4-20
a and b
A and B
i through iv
1-1 and 1-2
2-3 through 2-12
2-17 and 2-18
2-21 and 2-22
2-22.1/(2-22.2 blank)
2-23 and 2-24
2-26.1 and 2-26.2
2-27 through 2-36
2-39 through 2-44
2-49 and 2-50
2-55 and 2-56
2-63 and 2-64
2-65 and 2-66
2-67/(2-68 blank)
3-1 through 3-4
3-7 and 3-8
3-8.1/(3-8.2 blank)
3-23 and 3-24
3-24.1/(3-24.2 blank)
3-25 through 3-30
3-33 through 3-36
3-37/(3-38 blank)
4-1/(4-2 blank)
TM 55-1520-228-10
C10
Remove Pages
Insert Pages
5-1 and 5-2

5-3 and 5-4
5-5 through 5-12
6-1 through 6-6
6-7 and 6-8
6-9/(6-10 blank)
7-1 through 7-4
7-7 through 7-14
7-15/(7-16 blank)
7-17 through 7-46
7-55 and 7-56
7-59 through 7-62
7-77 and 7-78
8-3 through 8-8
----------8-9 through 8-16
8-17/(8-18 blank)
9-1 and 9-2
9-7 through 9-10
9-13 and 9-14
9-15/(9-16 blank)
A-1/(A-2 blank)
Index-1 through Index-8
Index-9/(Index-10 blank)
5-1 and 5-2

(5-3 blank) /5-4
5-5 through 5-12
6-1 through 6-6
6-7/(6-8 blank)
6-9/(6-10 blank)
7-1 through 7-4
7-7 and 7-8
------------------7-55 and 7-56
7-59 through 7-62
7-77 and 7-78
8-3 through 8-8
8-8.1/(8-8 2 blank)
8-9 through 8-16
8-17/(8-18 blank)
9-1 and 9-2
9-7 through 9-10
9-13/(9-14 blank)
9-15/(9-16 blank)
A-1/(A-2 blank)
Index-1 through Index-8

Official:
ERIC K. SHINSEKI
Chief of Staff
JOEL B. HUDSON
0011522
DISTRIBUTION: To be distributed in accordance with Initial Distribution Number (IDN) 310230, requirements for
TM 55-1520-228-10.
URGENT
TM 55-1520-228-10
C9
HEADQUARTERS
CHANGE
NO. 9
Operator"s Manual
ARMY MODEL OH-58A/C HELICOPTER

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
1. Remove and insert pages as indicated below. New or changed text material is indicated by
vertical bar in the margin. An illustration change is indicated by a miniature pointing hand.
Remove pages
Insert pages
2-33 and 2-34

3-23 and 3-24
2-33 and 2-34

3-23 and 3-24
3-24.1/(3-24.2 blank)
3-31 and 3-32
3-32.1 and 3-32.2
8-5 and 8-6
3-31 and 3-32

8-5 and 8-6
2.
Retain this sheet in front of manual for reference purposes.
DENNIS J. REIMER
Chief of Staff

03872
DISTRIBUTION:
To be distributed in accordance with DA Form 12-31-E, block no. 0230, requirements for
TM 55-1520-228-10.
TM 55-1520-228-10
C5
URGENT
CHANGE
HEADQUARTERS
NO. 5
Operators Manual

2.
Remove pages
Insert pages
3-27 and 3-28

5-11 and 5-12
8-17/8-18
3-27 and 3-28

5-11 and 5-12
8-17/8-18

GORDON R. SULLIVAN
Chief of Staff
Official:
PATRICIA P. HICKERSON
Colonel, United States Army
The Adjutant General
DISTRIBUTION:
To be distributed in accordance with DA Form 12-31-E, block no. 0230, -10 and CL maintenance requirements for TM
55-1520-228-10.
URGENT
TM 55-1520-228-10
C4
URGENT
CHANGE
HEADQUARTERS
NO. 4
Operators Manual

2.
Remove pages
Insert pages
2-21 and 2-22

2-45 and 2-46
2-46.1 and 2-46.2
3-23 and 3-24
3-25 and 3-26
2-21 and 2-22

2-45 and 2-46
3-23 and 3-24
3-25 and 3-26

CARL E. VUONO
Chief of Staff
Official:
WILLIAM J. MEEHAN II
Brigadier General, United States Army
DISTRIBUTION:
To be distributed in accordance with DA Form 12-31, -10 and CL Maintenance requirements for OH-58A and OH-58C
Helicopter, Observation.
URGENT
URGENT
CHANGE
TM 55-1520-228-10
C3
HEADQUARTERS
WASHINGTON, D.C., 6 March 1990
NO. 3
Operators Manual

2.
Remove pages
Insert pages
6-7 and 6-8
6-7 and 6-8

CARL E. VUONO
General, United Stages Army
Chief of Staff
Official:
DISTRIBUTION:
URGENT
URGENT
NOTICE: THIS CHANGE HAS BEEN PRINTED AND DISTRIBUTED OUT OF SEQUENCE. IT SHOULD BE INSERTED
IN THE MANUAL AND USED. UPON RECEIPT OF THE EARLIER SEQUENCED CHANGE INSURE A MORE
CURRENT CHANGE PAGE IS NOT REPLACED WITH A LESS CURRENT PAGE.
TM 55-1520-228-10
C2
CHANGE
HEADQUARTERS
WASHINGTON, D.C., 11 October 1989
NO. 2
Operators Manual

Remove pages
5-11 and 5-12
8-13 and 8-14
2.
Insert pages
5-11 and 5-12
8-13 and 8-14

CARL E. VUONO
Chief of Staff
Official:
DISTRIBUTION:
URGENT
TM 55-1520-228-10
C1
CHANGE
HEADQUARTERS
WASHINGTON, D.C., 1 February 1990
NO. 1
OPERATORS MANUAL
ARMY MODEL OH-58A/C
HELICOPTER

Remove pages
Insert pages
a through c/d
i through iv
1-1 and 1-2
2-1 through 2-4
2-7 through 2-14
2-21 and 2-22
2-25 and 2-26
2-29 and 2-30
2-41 and 2-42
2-51 and 2-52
2-57 and 2-58
3-3 through 3-8
4-1 and 4-2
4-5 through 4-20
5-7 and 5-8
6-1 and 6-2
6-7 and 6-8
6-8.1/6-8.2
8-1 through 8-8
9-1 and 9-2
9-9 through 9-15/9-16
A-1/A-2
Index 1 through Index 9/10
a through c/d
i through iv
1-1 and 1-2
2-1 through 2-4
2-7 through 2-14
2-21 and 2-22
2-25 and 2-26
2-29 and 2-30
2-41 and 2-42
2-51 and 2-52
2-57 and 2-58
3-3 through 3-8
4-1 and 4-2
4-5 through 4-20
5-7 and 5-8
6-1 and 6-2
6-7 and 6-8
8-1 through 8-8
9-1 and 9-2
9-9 through 9-15/9-16
A-1/A-2
Index 1 through Index 9/10
2. Retain this page in front of manual for reference purposes.

Official:
CARLE. VUONO
Chief of Staff
DISTRIBUTION:
TM 55-1520-228-10
LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

Insert latest changed pages. Dispose of superseded pages in accordance with regulations.
NOTE: On a changed page, the portion of the text affected by the latest change is indicated by a vertical
line, or other change symbol, in the outer margin of the page. Changes to illustrations are indicated by
miniature pointing hands.
DATES OF ISSUE FOR ORIGINAL AND CHANGED PAGES ARE:
Original
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change
Change
.. 0 . 17 January 1989
.. 1 . 1 February 1990
.. 2 . 11 October 1989
.. 3 . 6 March 1990
.. 4 . 31 July 1990
.. 5 . 22 July 1991
.. 6 . 15 April 1992
.. 7 . 30 June 1994
Change .. 8 . 25 June 1996

Change .. 9 . 18 July 1997
Change ..10 . 28 July 2000
Change ..11 . 1 April 2003
Change ..12 . 10 June 2005
Change .. 13 . 30 August 2005
Change .. 14 . 31 March 2006
TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES IN THIS PUBLICATION IS 265, CONSISTING OF THE FOLLOWING:

Page
No.
*Change
No.
Cover ....................................................... 0
blank......................................................... 0
a ............................................................ 12
b ............................................................ 14
c .............................................................. 1
d blank ..................................................... 0
A and B ................................................. 14
i through iv ............................................. 11
1-1 and 1-2 ............................................ 11
2-1 ......................................................... 14
2-2 ......................................................... 12
2-3 ......................................................... 10
2-4 ......................................................... 14
2-5 .......................................................... 12
2-6 ........................................................... 0
2-7 ......................................................... 14
2-8 ......................................................... 14
2-9 ......................................................... 10
2-10 ....................................................... 14
2-11 ....................................................... 13
2-12 ....................................................... 12
2-13 ....................................................... 14
2-14 through 2-17 .................................... 0
2-18 through 2-20 .................................. 11
2-21 through 2-22................................... 10
2-22.1 .................................................... 10
2-22.2 blank .......................................... 10
2-23 ....................................................... 14
2-24 ....................................................... 11
2-25 ......................................................... 0
2-26 ....................................................... 11
2-26.1 and 2-26.2 .................................. 10
2-27 ....................................................... 10
2-28 ....................................................... 12
2-29 ......................................................... 0
*Zero in this column indicated an original page.
Page
No.
*Change
No.
2-30 ....................................................... 14
2-31 and 2-32 ........................................ 10
2-33 and 2-34 ...................................... 11
2-35 ....................................................... 10
2-36 and 2-37 ........................................ 14
2-38........................................................ 12
2-39 ......................................................... 0
2-40 through 2-42 ................................. 10
2-43 and 2-44 ........................................ 12
2-45 and 2-46 ......................................... 4
2-46.1..................................................... 11
2-46.2..................................................... 14
2-47 and 2-48 ....................................... 11
2-49 ....................................................... 14
2-50 ....................................................... 11
2-51 ....................................................... 14
2-52 ......................................................... 7
2-53 ....................................................... 11
2-54 ......................................................... 7
2-55 ....................................................... 12
2-56 ......................................................... 0
2-57 ....................................................... 11
2-58 ....................................................... 14
2-59 ......................................................... 0
2-60 ....................................................... 12
2-61 ....................................................... 11
2-62 ......................................................... 0
2-63 ....................................................... 12
2-64 and 2-65 ....................................... 10
2-66 and 2-67 ....................................... 11
2-68 blank ............................................. 10
3-1 and 3-2 ............................................ 11
3-3 and 3-4 ............................................ 14
3-5 ......................................................... 11
3-6 ........................................................... 0
Change 14 A
TM 55-1520-228-10
LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES (CONT)

Page
No.
*Change
No.
3-7 ......................................................... 10
3-8 ......................................................... 11
3-8.1 through 3-8.4 ................................ 11
3-9 and 3-10 ............................................ 0
3-11 through 3-14 .................................. 11
3-15 and 3-16 .......................................... 0
3-17 through 3-20 .................................. 11
3-21 and 3-22 .......................................... 0
3-23 and 3-24......................................... 11
3-24.1 .................................................... 11
3-24.2 blank ............................................ 9
3-25 ......................................................... 0
3-26 ....................................................... 10
3-27 ....................................................... 11
3-28 ......................................................... 0
3-29 and 3-30 ........................................ 10
3-31 and 3-32 ........................................ 11
3-32.1 and 3-32.2 .................................. 11
3-32.3 blank .......................................... 11
3-32.4 .................................................... 11
3-33 ....................................................... 11
3-34 ....................................................... 10
3-35 ....................................................... 11
3-36 and 3-37 ........................................ 10
3-38 blank ............................................ 10
4-1 ......................................................... 10
4-2 blank ............................................... 10
5-1 ......................................................... 14
5-2 ......................................................... 11
5-3 blank ................................................ 10
5-4 .......................................................... 14
5-5 ......................................................... 11
5-6 and 5-7 ............................................ 14
5-8 ......................................................... 10
5-9 ......................................................... 11
5-10 ....................................................... 14
5-11 ......................................................... 2
5-12 ....................................................... 14
6-1 ......................................................... 11
6-2 ......................................................... 14
6-3 ......................................................... 11
6-4 ......................................................... 10
6-5 ......................................................... 11
6-6 ........................................................... 0
6-7 ......................................................... 11
6-8 blank ............................................... 10
6-8.1 ........................................................ 1
B Change 14
Page
No.
*Change
No.
6-8.2 blank .............................................. 1

6-9 ......................................................... 10
6-10 blank ............................................... 0
7-1 through 7-3 ..................................... 11
7-4 ........................................................... 0
7-5 ......................................................... 11
7-6 and 7-7 ............................................. 0
7-8.......................................................... 10
7-9 through 7-46 deleted ....................... 10
7-47 through 7-54 ................................... 0
7-55 and 7-56 ....................................... 10
7-57 and 7-58 ......................................... 0
7-59 ....................................................... 10
7-60 ....................................................... 11
7-61 blank ............................................. 11
7-62 ....................................................... 11
7-63 through 7-76 ................................... 0
7-77 and 7-78 ........................................ 10
7-79 ......................................................... 0
7-80 ....................................................... 12
7-81 ......................................................... 0
7-82 blank ............................................... 0
7-83 blank ............................................. 11
7-84 ....................................................... 11
7-85.......................................................... 0
7-86 blank ............................................... 0
8-1 ........................................................... 0
8-2 and 8-3 ........................................... 11
8-4 ......................................................... 10
8-5 ......................................................... 14
8-6 ......................................................... 11
8-7 ......................................................... 14
8-8.......................................................... 12
8-9 and 8-10 .......................................... 11
8-11 through 8-14 .................................. 14
8-15 ....................................................... 11
8-16 ....................................................... 10
8-17 ....................................................... 11
8-18 blank ............................................... 5
9-1 through 9-13 .................................... 14
9-14 blank .............................................. 14
A-1 and A-2 ........................................... 11
Index-1 through Index-9......................... 11
Index-10 blank ........................................ 0
TM 55-1520-228-10
TECHNICAL MANUAL
NO. 55-1520-228-10
HEADQUARTERS
WASHINGTON, D.C., 17 JANUARY 1989
OPERATORS MANUAL
FOR
REPORTING ERRORS AND RECOMMENDING IMPROVEMENTS

You can improve this manual. If you find any mistakes or if you know of a way to improve these
procedures, please let us know. Mail your letter, or DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to
Publications and Blank Forms), located in the back of this manual, directly to: Commander, U.S. Army
Aviation and Missile Command, ATTN: AMSAM-MMC-MA-NP, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898-5000.
A reply will be furnished to you. You may also provide DA Form 2028 information to AMCOM via e-mail,
fax, or the World Wide Web. Our fax number is: DSN 788-6546 or Commercial 256-842-6546. Our
e-mail address is: 2028@redstone.army.mil. Instructions for sending an electronic 2028 may be found
at the back of this manual immediately preceding the hard copy 2028. For the World Wide Web use:
https://amcom2028.redstone.army.mil.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter/Section
Page
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-1
CHAPTER 2
Section I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
XIV
HELICOPTER AND SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

Helicopter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emergency Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engines and Related Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fuel System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flight Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hydraulic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power Train System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Main and Tail Rotor Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Utility System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Heating and Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrical Power Supply and Distribution System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flight Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Servicing, Parking, and Mooring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-1
2-18
2-18
2-28
2-30
2-32
2-33
2-34
2-35
2-35
2-40
2-43
2-45
2-48
CHAPTER 3
Section I
II
III
IV
AVIONICS
Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transponder and Radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sincgars AN/ARC-201 Radio Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5
3-17
3-24
3-34
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont)

Chapter/Section
Page
CHAPTER 4
Section I
II
MISSION EQUIPMENT
Mission Avionics (Not Applicable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Armament (Not Applicable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-1
4-1
CHAPTER 5
Section I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
OPERATING LIMITS AND RESTRICTIONS

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Systems Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Load Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Airspeed Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maneuvering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Environmental Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-1
5-1
5-7
5-8
5-8
5-10
5-12
CHAPTER 6
Section I
II
WEIGHT/BALANCE AND LOADING

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DD Form 365 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-1
6-9
CHAPTER 7
Section I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
XIV
XV
XVI
PERFORMANCE DATA
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Temperature Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Torque Available A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hover A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Takeoff A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cruise A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drag A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Climb Descent A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Idle Fuel Flow A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Torque Available C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Takeoff (Not Applicable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cruise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.............................................................
Drag C
Climb Descent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Idle Fuel Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1
7-6
Deleted
Deleted
Deleted
Deleted
Deleted
Deleted
Deleted
7-47
7-56
7-60
7-62
7-76
7-78
7-84
CHAPTER 8
Section I
II
III
IV
V
NORMAL PROCEDURES
Mission Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating Procedures and Maneuvers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Instrument Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flight Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adverse Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-1
8-2
8-11
8-11
8-14
CHAPTER 9
Section I
II
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Helicopter Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mission Equipment (Not Applicable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9-1
9-13
APPENDIX A
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A-1
INDEX
ALPHABETICAL INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Index-1
ii
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
Title
Page
General Arrangement A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

General Arrangement C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Compartment Diagram A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Pilot and Copilot/Observer
Station Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
2-5
Principal Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
2-6
Turning Radius and Ground
Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
2-7
Float Gear Equipped Helicopter A . . . . 2-14
2-8
Locking Devices for Doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
2-9
WSPS Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
2-10 Engine A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
2-11 Engine C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
2-12 Overhead Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
2-12.1 Overhead Console with
AN/ARC-201 (Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22.1
2-13 Instrument Panel and Console
(Typical) A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25
2-14 Instrument Panel and Console
(Typical) C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
2-14.1 Instrument Panel and Console
with AN/ARC-201 (Typical) A . . . . . 2-26.1
2-14.2 Instrument Panel and Console
with AN/ARC-201 (Typical) C . . . . . 2-26.2
2-15 Auxiliary Fuel System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
2-16 Heating and Ventilation A . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
2-17 Heater Control and Vent Pull
Knobs C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
2-18 Electrical System Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41
2-19 Warning and Caution Panels . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
2-20 Servicing Diagram A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49
2-21 Servicing Diagram C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-51
2-22 Gravity Refueling with Closed
Circuit Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59
2-23 Refueling Receptacle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61
2-24 Ground Handling Equipment,
Covers, Rotor Tiedowns, and
Mooring Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66
2-25 Paved Surface Mooring
Configuration (OH-58A/C) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-67
3-1
Antenna Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
3-2
Communication System Control
Panel C-6533/ARC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
3-3
AN/ARC-114 and AN/ARC-114A
Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
3-4
AN/ARC-115 Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
3-5
AN/ARC-116 Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
3-6
UHF/AM Radio Sets AN/ARC-164,
RT-1167/ARC-164(V), and
RT-1167C/ARC-164(V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
3-7
AN/ARC-51BX Control Panel A . DELETED
3-8
Voice Security Equipment
TSEC/KY-58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Figure
3-9
3-10
3-11
3-12
3-13
3-14
3-15
3-16
3-17
3-18
4-1
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-7
4-8
4-9
4-10
5-1
5-2
5-3
5-4
6-1
6-2
6-3
6-4
6-5
6-6
6-7
6-7.1
6-8
7-1
7-2
7-3
7-4
Title
Page
AN/ARN-89 (ADF) Control Panel . . . . . . . 3-18

Radio Bearing Heading Indicator . . . . . . . 3-20
CONUS Navigation Receiver
Control Panel C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) C . . . 3-23
Transponder APX-72 Control
Panel A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
Transponder Set Control Panel C . . . . . 3-28
Operating Controls for Proximity
Warning System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Radar Altimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
Radar Signal Detecting Set
AN/APR-39A(V)1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32.4
AN/ARC-201 Control Panel &
Zeroize Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-36
Components of Armament
System A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Gun Assembly Mounted A . . . . . DELETED
Armament Control Panel A . . . . DELETED
Reflex Sight M70E1 Control and
Reticle A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Bullet Trap Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Air-to-Air Stinger (ATAS) Missile
System CS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Pilot Display Unit (PDU)
Controls CS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Pilot Display Unit (PDU) Symbology
and Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
ATAS Control Panel Switches and
. . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Functions CS
ATAS Cyclic Switches CS
. . . . DELETED
Instrument Markings A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Instrument Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Airspeed Operating Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Practice Autorotation Landing
Limits Crosswind Components . . . . . . . . 5-11
Helicopter Station Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Center of Gravity Limit Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Cargo Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Fuel Loading Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Personnel Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
Ammunition Table A . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Armament Table A . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
ATAS Missile System Table CS
DELETED
Cargo Moment Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
Temperature Conversion Chart . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
Maximum Torque Available (30
Minute Operation) Chart A . . . DELETED
Torque Available (Continuous
Operation) Chart A . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Hover Chart A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Change 11
iii
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure
7-5
7-6
7-7
7-8
7-9
7-10
7-11
7-12
7-13
7-14
7-15
7-16
7-17
7-18
7-19
8-1
8-2
9-1
9-2
9-3
iv
Title
Page
Takeoff Chart A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED

Cruise Chart A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Drag Chart A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Climb Descent Chart A . . . . . . DELETED
Climb Performance A . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Idle Fuel Flow Chart A . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Maximum Torque Available (30
Minute Operation) Chart C . . . . . . . . . 7-48
Torque Available (Continuous
Operation) Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-52
Hover Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-57
Takeoff Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Cruise Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-63
Drag Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-77
Climb Descent Chart C . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-79
Climb Performance C . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Idle Fuel Flow Chart C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-85
Exterior Check Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
Effects of Wind Azimuth on Aircraft . . . . . 8-13
Emergency Exits and Equipment . . . . . . . . 9-3
Autorotational Glide Characteristics
Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5
Minimum Height for Safe Landing
after Engine Failure Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1-1. GENERAL.
These instructions are for use by the operator. They
apply to all Army OH-58A/C helicopters.
1-2. WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES

DEFINED.
Warnings, cautions, and notes are used to emphasize
important and critical instructions and are used for the
following conditions.
WARNING
Highlights an essential operating or
maintenance procedure, practice,
condition, statement, etc. which if
not strictly observed, could result in
injury to, or death of, personnel or
long term health hazards.
CAUTION
maintenance procedure, practice,
condition, statement, etc. which if
not strictly observed, could result in
damage to, or destruction of
equipment or loss of mission
effectiveness.
procedures is mandatory except when modification is

required because of multiple emergencies, adverse
weather, terrain, etc. Your flying experience is recognized, and therefore, basic flight principles are not included. It is required that THIS MANUAL BE CARRIED
IN THE HELICOPTER AT ALL TIMES.
1-4. APPENDIX A, REFERENCES.

Appendix A is a listing of official publications cited within
the manual applicable to and available for flight crews.
1-5. INDEX.
The index lists, in alphabetical order, every titled paragraph, figure (F), and table (T) contained in this manual.
Chapter 7 performance data has an additional index
within that chapter.
1-6. ABBREVIATIONS.
Designator symbols and abbreviations shall be used in
conjunction with text contents, headings, and titles to
show effectivity of the material. Chapter 7 contains a list
of abbreviations used in this publication.
1-7. ARMY
GRAM.
AVIATION
SAFETY
PRO-
Reports necessary to comply with the safety program

are prescribed in AR 385-40.
NOTE
maintenance procedure, condition,
or statement.
1-3. DESCRIPTION MANUAL.

This manual contains the complete operating instructions and procedures for the Army OH-58A/C helicopter.
The primary mission of this helicopter is that of observation and is designed for landing and take off from prepared and unprepared surfaces. The observance of
1-8. DESTRUCTION OF ARMY MATERIAL

TO PREVENT ENEMY USE.
For information concerning destruction of Army materiel
to prevent enemy use, refer to TM 750-244-1-5.
1-9. FORMS AND RECORDS.

Army aviators flight record and helicopter maintenance
records which are to be used by crewmembers are prescribed in DA PAM 738-751 and TM 55-1500-342-23.
Change 11
1-1
TM 55-1520-228-10
1-10. HELICOPTER DESIGNATION SYSTEM.
1-11. DESIGNATOR SYMBOLS.

NOTE
The designation system prescribed by AR 70-50 is used

in helicopter designations as follows:
EXAMPLE OH-58A
The designation system prescribed by AR 70-50 is used

in helicopter designations as follows:
5 8
All OH-58A and OH-58C model aircraft

are now equipped with the T63-A-720
Engine.
Designator symbols A OH-58A and C OH-58C are
used in conjunction with text contents, text headings
and illustration titles to show limited effectivity of the
material. One or more designator symbols may follow a
text heading or illustration title to indicate proper effectivity, unless the material applies to all series and configurations within the manual. If the material applies to all
series and configurations, no designator symbols will
be used. Where practical, descriptive information is condensed and combined for all models to avoid duplication.
NOTE
Armament subsystems are no longer

applicable to OH-58A/C aircraft. All references to armament subsystems have
been removed from this manual.
Series Symbol
Design Number
Helicopter (Basic Mission)
Observation (Modified Mission)
1-2
Change 11
1-12. USE OF WORD SHALL, SHOULD,

AND MAY.
Within this technical manual the word shall is used to
indicate a mandatory requirement. The word should is
used to indicate a non-mandatory, but preferred, method of accomplishment. The word may is used to indicate an acceptable method of accomplishment.
TM 55-1520-228-10
CHAPTER 2
HELICOPTER AND SYSTEMS DESCRIPTION
AND OPERATIONS
SECTION I.
2-1. GENERAL.
The OH-58A/C helicopter (figure 2-1 A. and figure 2-2
C.) is a single engine, observation type helicopter designed for landing and takeoff from prepared or unprepared surfaces. The fuselage consists of the forward
section, intermediate or transition section, and the aft
or tailboom section. The forward section provides the
cabin and fuel cell enclosure as well as pylon support.
Entrance to the cabin is provided by two doors on each
side. The pilot station (figure 2-3 A. and figure 2-4 C.)
is located on the right and the copilot/observer station is
located on the left side of the helicopter. The area aft of
the pilot and copilot may be used as a cargo/passenger compartment. The intermediate section supports
the engine and includes the equipment and electronic
compartment. The tailboom supports the horizontal stabilizer, vertical stabilizer, and tail rotor. The basic structure of the forward section consists of a lower-curved
honeycomb sandwich panel and an upper longitudinal
aluminum beam. The core of the sandwich structure is
aluminum alloy throughout. The faces are aluminum alloy except in the fuel cell region, where they are fiberglass. The aluminum alloy sandwich panel is capable of
withstanding the specified design cargo loadings, while
the fiberglass sandwich supports the fuel cell pressures.
The rotor, transmission, and engine are supported by
the upper longitudinal beam. The upper and lower structures are interconnected by three fuselage bulkheads
and a centerpost to form an integrated structure. The
most forward and aft bulkheads act as carry-through
structure for the skid landing gear crosstubes. The tailboom is a monocoque structure with aluminum skin and
aluminum substructure.
a. Dimensions. Principal dimensions of the helicopter areas are shown in figure 2-5.
HELICOPTER
b. Turning Radius and Ground Clearance. (Refer
to figure 2-6.)
c. Weights. The helicopter weight empty and gross
operating weight will change according to the configuration or equipment installed for the type of mission to
be performed. Refer to Chapter 6, Weight/Balance and
Loading.
d. Crew Configuration. The crew consists of the
pilot alone, pilot and copilot, or pilot and observer.
2-2. PASSIVE DEFENSE.
The armor protection is a combination of ceramic and
fiberglass composite with a small amount of dual hardness steel. The armor protection is removable.
Crew Protection.Armor protection is furnished for
the pilot and copilot and consists of panels on seat bottom, seat back, and outboard side of each seat.
2-3. LANDING GEAR SYSTEM.
a. Standard System. The landing gear system is
a skid type, consisting of two laterally mounted arched
crosstubes, attached to two formed longitudinal skid
tubes. Then landing gear structure members are made
from formed aluminum alloy tubing with steel skid shoes
to minimize skid wear. The gear assembly is attached
with straps/clamps at four points to the fuselage structure, therefore, gear removal for maintenance can easily
be accomplished. The manually retractable and quickly
removable wheel assemblies have been provided to
facilitate helicopter ground handling operations.
b. High Skid Gear. The high skid gear, when installed, will provide an approximate additional 14 inches
of ground clearance. This will improve landings to be
accomplished in snow and rough terrain areas.
Change 14
2-1
TM 55-1520-228-10
1.
Anti-Collision Light
11.
Fuel Filler Cap
2.
Main Rotor Hub and Blades
12.
Aft Engine Cowling
3.
Engine Oil Tank Drain Access Door
13.
Position Light (Green)
4.
Tail Rotor Hub and Blade
14.
Horizontal Stabilizer
5.
Position Light (White)
15.
Vertical Fin
6.
Tail Skid
16.
Battery and Avionics Compartment Door
7.
Position Light (Red)
17.
Passenger Door (Left)
8.
Forward Transmission Fairing
18.
Copilot Door
9.
Pitot Tube
19.
Left Static Port
10.
Landing Gear
Figure 2-1.
2-2
Change 12
General Arrangement
(Sheet 1 of 2)
TM 55-1520-228-10
20.
Windshield
31.
Lower Cutter Assembly
21.
Tail Rotor Driveshaft
32.
Pilot Door
22.
Tail Rotor Gearbox
33.
Passenger Door (Right)
23.
Tail Rotor Driveshaft and Cover (if installed)
34.
FM Homing Antenna (Right Side)
24.
Engine Exhaust
35.
Battery Vent
25.
Engine Air Inlet
36.
External Power Receptacle
26.
Forward Transmission Fairing Inspection Door
37.
Ground Receptacle
27.
Upper Cutter Assembly
38.
FM Homing Antenna (Left Side)
28.
Free Air Temperature (FAT) Gage
39.
Landing Light
29.
Windshield Deflector/Cutter Assembly
30.
Right Static Port

Figure 2-1.
General Arrangement
(Sheet 2 of 2)
Change 10
2-3
TM 55-1520-228-10
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Position Light (Green)

Horizontal Stabilizer
Aft Engine Cowling
Infrared Suppression Shield
Aft Engine Cowling
Upper Anti-Collision Light
Forward Transmission Fairing
Pilot Tube
Right Forward Radar Warning Antenna
Door Lock
Fuel Filler Cap
Left Forward Radar Warning Antenna
Left Aft Radar Warning Antenna
Position Light (Red)
Position Light (White)
Tail Skid
Figure 2-2.
2-4
Change 14
General Arrangement
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
Vertical Fin
Lower Anti-Collision Light
Aft Proximity Warning Antenna
ADF Sensor Antenna
ADF Loop Antenna
Landing Gear
Radar Warning Blade Antenna
Radar Altimeter Antenna
Marker Beacon Antenna
Transponder Antenna
UHF Antenna
Landing Light
Upper Cutter Assembly
Windshield Deflector/Cutter Assembly
Lower Cutter Assembly
Typical (Sheet 1 of 2)
TM 55-1520-228-10
32.
Infrared Engine Exhaust
45.
Tail Rotor Driveshaft Cover
33.
FM No. 2 Antenna
46.
Tail Rotor Blade and Hub
34.
Windshield (Flat Glass)
47.
Tail Rotor Gearbox
35.
Right Static Port
48.
VOR Antenna
36.
Pilot Door
49.
Battery and Avionics Compartment Door
37.
Passenger Door
50.
Step
38.
Battery Vent
51.
FM Homing Antenna
39.
52.
Passenger Door
40.
Main Rotor Blades and Hub
53.
Copilot Door
41.
54.
Left Static Port
42.
Forward Transmission Fairing Inspection Door
55.
NVG Position Lights
43.
Engine Air Inlet
56.
Tail Cone
44.
Engine Oil Tank Drain Access Door

Figure 2-2.
General Arrangement
Typical (Sheet 2 of 2)
Change 12
2-5
TM 55-1520-228-10
(Figure 2-3 Sheet 1 of 2)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Copilot Door Emergency Jettison Handle

Overhead Console
Fuel Shutoff Valve
Pilot Door Emergency Jettison Handle
Instrument Panel
Magnetic Compass
Anti-Torque Pedals
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Pilot Cyclic Stick

Pilot Seat
Inertia Reel Control Handle
Pilot Collective Stick
Collective Friction Control Adjustment
Pedestal
Copilot Seat
Ignition Key Lock Switch
206061-90-1
Figure 2-3. Compartment Diagram A (Sheet 1 of 2)
2-6
TM 55-1520-228-10
17.
Governor RPM Switch
25.
Radio Transmit Switch
18.
Search/Landing Lights
26.
Not Used
19.
Starter Switch
27.
Not Used
20.
Engine Idle Release Control
28.
Not Used
21.
Inertia Reel
29.
Not Used
22.
30.
Force Trim Switch
23.
Not Used
31.
Throttle
24.
ICS Switch
32.
Controllable Landing Light Switch
Figure 2-3. Compartment Diagram A. (Sheet 2 of 2)
Change 14
2-7
TM 55-1520-228-10
NOTE
Round glass model shown
1.
Copilot Door Emergency Jettison Handle
12.
Anti-Torque Pedal Adjuster
2.
Overhead Console
13.
3.
Fuel Shutoff Valve
14.
Pilot Collective Stick
4.
15.
Collective Friction Control Adjustment
5.
Pilot Door Emergency Jettison Handle
16.
Console
6.
Instrument Panel
17.
Copilot Seat
7.
Magnetic Compass
18.
Copilot Collective Stick
8.
Pilot Cyclic Stick
19.
Copilot Anti-Torque Pedals
9.
Pilot Anti-Torque Pedals
20.
Copilot Cyclic Stick
10.
Cyclic Friction Control Adjustment
21.
Glareshield
11.
Pilot Seat
Figure 2-4. Pilot and Copilot/Observer Station Diagram (Sheet 1 of 3)
2-8
Change 14
TM 55-1520-228-10
22.
23.
Not Used
Not Used
26.
27.
ICS Switch
Radio Transmit Switch
24.
Not Used
28.
Not Used
25.
Force Trim Switch
28.1
Not Used
25.1
Not Used
Change 10
2-9
TM 55-1520-228-10
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
Deleted
Starter Switch
Governor RPM Switch
Search/Landing Lights
Engine Idle Release Control
Controllable Landing Light Switch
Deleted
2-10
Change 14
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-5. Principal Dimensions (Sheet 1 of 2)
Change 13
2-11
TM 55-1520-228-10
HEIGHT
STANDARD
SKID GEAR
HIGH SKID
GEAR
FLOAT
GEAR
9 ft. 6.0 in.
10 ft. 0.0 in.
9 ft. 7.9 in.
1.
Forward Tip of Main Rotor (Static Position to Ground

with Droop) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.
Forward Tip of Main Rotor to Ground (Tie-Down) .
12. ft. 0.0 in.
12 ft. 6.0 in.
12 ft. 1.9 in.
3.
Forward Tip of Main Rotor to Ground (Tie-Down) .
6 ft. 8.0 in.
7 ft. 2.0 in.
6 ft. 10.0 in.
4.
Ground to Top of Main Rotor Reservoirs . . . . . . . . .
9 ft. 7.0 in.
10 ft. 9.0 in.
10 ft. 10.0 in.
5.
Bottom of Cabin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.0 in.
27.0 in.
28.0 in.
6.
Top of Vertical Stabilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8 ft. 1.5 in.
10 ft. 1.5 in.
11 ft. 1.0 in.
7.
Tail Skid to Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 ft. 4.4 in.
3 ft. 4.4 in.
4 ft. 4.0 in.
8.
Lower Cutter to Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12.0 in.
2 ft. 2.0 in.
2 ft. 3.0 in.
9.
Upper Cutter to Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 ft. 9.5 in.
9 ft. 9.5 in.
9 ft. 10.5 in.
WIDTH
10.
Skid Gear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 ft. 5.4 in.
7 ft. 3.0 in.
11 ft. 6.1 in.
11.
Horizontal Stabilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 ft. 5.2 in.
No Change
No Change
DIAMETERS
12.
Main Rotor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 ft. 4.0 in.
No Change
No Change
13.
Tail Rotor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 ft. 5.0 in.
No Change
No Change
LENGTH
14.
Overall (Main Rotor Fore and Aft) to Aft End of Tail

Skid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40 ft. 11.8 in.
No Change
No Change
15.
Nose of Cabin to Aft End of Tail Skid . . . . . . . . . . . .
32 ft. 2.0 in.
No Change
No Change
16.
Nose of Cabin to Center Line 8 ft. 10.1 of Main

Rotor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8 ft. 10.1 in.
No Change
No Change
17.
Skid Gear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8 ft. 1.3 in.
10 ft. 4.2 in.
19 ft. 5.0 in.
18.
Nose of Cabin to Center Line of Forward Cross

Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 ft. 0.0 in.
5 ft. 9.4 in.
5 ft. 11.7 in.
19.
Nose of Cabin to Center Line of Aft Forward Cross

Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 ft. 9.0 in.
10 ft. 6.3 in.
10 ft. 8.7 in.
20.
Pitot Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.8 in.
No Change
No Change
* Check antennas that may protrude lower

Figure 2-5.
2-12
Change 12
Principal Dimensions (Sheet 2 of 2)
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-6. Turning Radius and Ground Clearance

c. A. Float Gear. The float landing gear (figure 2-7)
consists of two streamlined multi-cell inflatable floats,
float support tubes, crosstubes, and necessary fittings
required to equip the helicopter for water landings. A
triangular plate is attached to the tail skid for added controllability and protection of the tail rotor in the event of a
tail low water landing. Landing may be made on smooth
surfaces that do not have protrusions that could damage
floats.
2-4.
COCKPIT AND CABIN DOORS.
d. Tail Skid. A tubular steel tail skid is attached to

the lower section of the vertical fin and provides protection for the tail rotor in landings by indicating a tail low
condition.
Four entrance doors are provided for access to the aircraft interior. The doors are of bonded sheet metal construction with acrylic plastic windows. Each door may
be jettisoned by means of emergency jettison handle.
All four doors are provided with door lock devices. The
pilot door has a padlock while the other three doors have
loop locking devices (figure 2-8).
WARNING
Inadvertent jettisoning of cockpit doors is possible if jettison handle is utilized as a handhold,
or hand rest during flight.
Change 14
2-13
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-7. Float Gear Equipped Helicopter
2-14
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-8. Locking Devices for Doors

2-15
TM 55-1520-228-10
2-5. SEATS.
a. Pilot and Copilot/Observer Seats. The pilot
and copilot/ observer seats are constructed of tubing and
stretched nylon material. Each seat is equipped with
provisions for cushions, safety belts, and shoulder
harness. An inertia reel, with a manually operated
control handle, is incorporated on each seat. The inertia
reel is a mechanical restraining device that is designed
to hold the pilot in a normal seated position during any
maneuver which would tend to pitch the pilot forward.
Each reel is connected to a shoulder harness with a web
strap. An automatic locking mechanism, a webbing
roller, and a manual control are incorporated in each unit
(figure 2-3).
b. Passenger Seats. The passenger seats are
constructed of aluminum honeycomb panels and form an
integral part of the airframe. The center panel of the
seat back is removable to gain access to the fuel cell. Seats
are equipped with shoulder harness, safety belts, and
cushions. Seating is provided for two passengers or
without seats, space is provided for cargo (figure 2-3).
2-6. WIRE STRIKE PROTECTION SYSTEM (WSPS).
WARNING
Flight with the landing light in other than the
fully stowed position on OH58A/C aircraft
may degrade the effectiveness of the Wire
Strike Protection System (WSPS). When use
of the controllable landing light is not
anticipated, it should be in the fully stowed
position.
The WSPS provides protection against frontal impacts
with horizontally strung mechanical and
2-16
power transmission wires. The basic system consists of

an upper cutter assembly, a windshield deflector/cutter
assembly, and a lower cutter assembly (figure 2-1 and
figure 2-2). The windshield deflector/cutter assembly,
consisting of a sawtooth equipped aluminum extrusion,
provides deflection mechanism into the upper cutter
while simultaneously abrading thus weakening wire and
provides additional structural support for the upper cutter
mounting. The mechanical cutter assembly (upper and
lower) (figure 2-9) consists of a sawtooth equipped
deflector section, providing deflection/abrading feature
similar to the windshield deflector section, leading into
the primary wire cutting mechanism - wedge type cutting
blades positioned to provide the necessary mechanical
advantage to cut the design objective wires while
minimizing load input into the airframe. The lower cutter
assembly features a "Breakaway Tip" designed to shear
when relatively large ground contact forces are
experienced and before helicopter structural damage is
incurred. However, the tip shear rivets are designed to
withstand the smaller forces experienced during wire
strikes and the tip will still effectively deflect wires into the
cutter blades.
a. Wire Strikes. If avoidance is not possible or not
effective a wire strike will occur. The protection provided
by the WSPS is 90% of frontal area. The cable
impact/ deflection/ cutting sequence of the design
objective cables does not have a significant effect on
aircraft performance, control, crew functioning or blade
flapping.
b. Avoidance. The most effective defense against
wire strikes is avoidance. Because of the many different
encounters that can occur, it is not possible to provide a
procedure to cover every situation. The success in
coping with emergency depends on quick analysis of the
condition and selection of the proper evasive maneuvers
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-9. WSPS Configuration
2-17
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION II. EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT
2-7. FIRST AID KIT.
2-8. FIRE EXTINGUISHER.
An aeronautical type first aid kit is located on the right

side of the center support column.
A portable fire extinguisher is mounted in a bracket located on the right side of the center support column
(figure 9-1).
SECTION III. ENGINES AND RELATED SYSTEMS
2-9. ENGINE.
liner. A spark igniter and fuel nozzle are mounted in the

aft end of the outer combustion case.
The OH-58A/C helicopter is equipped with a T63-A-720

turbine engine (figure 2-11). The engine is designed for
low fuel consumption, light weight, minimum size, maximum reliability and ease of maintenance. The engine is
installed aft of the mast and the passenger compartment. The engine cowl aft of the engine air inlet is removable as a single unit or the hinged section the length
of the engine on either side may be opened individually.
The aft fairing covers the engine oil cooler, provides tail
rotor driveshaft access and provides air intake for the
engine oil cooler. The major engine components are as
follows:
c. Turbine. The turbine consists of a gas producer

turbine support, a power turbine support, a turbine and
exhaust collector support, a gas producer turbine rotor,
and power turbine rotor. The turbine is mounted between the combustion section and the power and accessory gearbox. The two-stage gas producer turbine
drives the compressor and accessory gear train. Gas
discharged from the gas producer turbine drives the
two-stage power turbine which furnishes the output
power of the engine. The gas from the power turbine
discharges in an upward direction through twin ducts in
the turbine and exhaust collector support.
a. Compressor. Air enters the engine through the

particle separator to the compressor inlet and is compressed by six axial compressor stages and one centrifugal stage. The particle separator removes dirt and
other contaminates from the incoming air and ejects the
dirt out ducts on either side of the fairing. This allows
cleaned air to enter the engine compressor section. The
compressed air is discharged through the scroll type
diffuser into two external ducts which convey the air to
the combustion section.
b. Combustion Section. The combustion section

consists of the outer combustion case and combustion
2-18
Change 11
d. Power and Accessories Gearbox. The main

power and accessory drive gear train are enclosed in a
single gear case. The gear case serves as a structural
support of the engine. All engine components including
engine mounted accessories are attached to the case.
A two-stage helical and spur gear set is used to reduce
rotational speed from the power turbine to the output
drive spline. Accessories driven by the power turbine
gear train (N2) are the power turbine (N2) tachometergenerator, power turbine governor, and torquemeter.
The gas producer (N1) drives the compressor, and
through an associated gear train drives the fuel pump,
gas producer (N1) tachometer-generator, gas producer
fuel control, starter-generator, and engine oil pump.
TM 55-1520-228-10
FIGURE 2-10. HAS BEEN DELETED.
Change 11
2-19
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-11. Engine
2-20
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
2-10. ENGINE COMPARTMENT COOLING.
Openings are provided on both sides of the engine and
top cowling for compartment cooling. The center cowl
section houses the engine air inlet, the inlet bellmouth
and the forward firewall. Suspended below the engine is
a stainless fire shield. Below the fire shield is a titanium
floor which acts as a drip pan and also gives insulation
from heat.
scavenge system.
The foreign material is ejected
overboard by the vacuum-cleaner effect created by
engine bleed air as it is discharged through venturies in
the eductor tubes. Reverse flow inlet fairings may be
attached to the engine air inlets. These sheet metal
fairings make it impossible for air to enter the plenum
chamber without first making two 180 turns. These
abrupt changes in airflow greatly reduce the probability
of engine flame-out associated with snow ingestion.
2-11. INDUCTION SYSTEM.
2-12. ENGINE INLET ANTI-ICING SYSTEM.
The engine air inlet system consists of an induction

fairing with inlets on each outboard side. This fairing
provides mounting for the particle separator.
The
particle separator removes dirt and other contaminates
from the incoming air and ejects the dirt out eductor
tubes on either side of the fairing. This allows cleaned
air to enter the engine compressor section. Removable
reverse flow inlet fairings may be installed over the air
inlets on modified induction fairings. These reverse flow
fairings minimize ram effect of falling or blowing snow,
thus permitting effective operation of the particle
separator and preventing engine flame-out caused by
ingestion of snow.
The compressor inlet guide vanes and front bearing

support hub are the only engine components with anticing provisions. Anti-icing is provided by the use of
compressor bleed air. Anti-icing is actuated by placing
ENG DEICE switch on overhead console (figure 2-12) to
ENG DEICE position.
a. Intake Ducting. The engine air intake ducting

consists of louvered openings and a large circular air
inlet opening. The louvered openings are located on left
and right cowl panels.
b. Particle Separator. Foreign matter is removed
from the engine inlet air by a centrifugal-type particle
separator. The particle separator consists of a group of
separator tube assemblies arranged in rows and
positioned in a front and rear sheetmetal panel and a
scavenge system.
The separator tube assemblies
consist of an inlet tube, a swirl tube which is bonded
inside the inlet tube, and an outlet tube. The scavenge
system consists of a bleed air manifold, bleed air
nozzles, and ejector tubes which are contained in two
ejector boxes located beneath the separator tube
assemblies. The bleed air manifold is attached to the
ejector boxes and is connected directly to the engine
compressor scroll with bleed air inlet fittings. Air enters
the inlet tube and is spun by the swirl tube. Clean air
then enters the engine inlet plenum chamber through the
outlet tube while foreign material is centrifuged into the
2-13. ENGINE FUEL CONTROL SYSTEM.

The system controls engine power output by controlling
the gas producer speed. Gas producer speed levels are
established by the action of the power turbine fuel
governor which senses power turbine speed. The power
turbine (load) speed is selected by the operator and the
power required to maintain this speed is automatically
maintained by power turbine governor action on metered
fuel flow. The power turbine governor lever schedules
the power turbine governor requirements. The power
turbine governor schedules the gas producer speed to a
changed power output to maintain output shaft speed.
a. Deleted.
b. Throttle. Rotating the throttle (figure 2-4) to the
full open position allows the power turbine governor to
maintain a constant rpm. Rotating the throttle toward the
dosed position will cause the rpm to be manually
selected instead of automatically selected by the power
turbine governor. Rotating the throttle past the engineidle stop to the fully dosed position shuts off fuel flow. A
manually operated idle stop is incorporated to prevent
inadvertent throttle closure. The idle stop is controlled
by the engine idle release control (figure 2-4).
Change 10
2-21
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-12. Overhead Console

2-22
Change 10
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-12.1. Overhead Console with AN/ARC-201 (Typical)
Change 10
2-22.1/(2-22.2 blank)
TM 55-1520-228-10
c. Droop Compensator. A droop compensator
maintains engine rpm (N2) as power demand is increased. The compensator is a direct mechanical
linkage between the collective stick and the speed
selector lever on the N2 governor. Droop is defined
as the speed change in N2 rpm as power is increased
from a no-load condition. Without droop compensation,
instability would develop as engine output is increased,
resulting in N1 speed overshooting or hunting the value
necessary to satisfy the new power condition. If N2
power is allowed to droop, other than momentarily, the
reduction in rotor speed could become critical.
d. Engine Idle Release Control. The engine idle
release is a spring loaded plunger mounted on the
switch box of the pilot collective stick (figure 2-3 and
figure 2-4). The plunger prevents the pilot from accidentally retarding the throttle beyond engine idle position.
This acts as a safety feature by preventing inadvertent
engine shutdown. The plunger need not be depressed
when performing an engine start or runup; however,
the plunger must be depressed when accomplishing
an engine shutdown or when it is desired to retard the
power control below the engine idle position.
e. Governor RPM Switch. The GOV INCR/DECR
switch is mounted on the pilot collective stick (figure 2-3
and 2-4). The switch is a three-position momentary type
and is held in the INCR position (FWD) to increase the
power turbine (N2) speed or DECR position (AFT) to decrease the power turbine (N2) speed. Regulated power
turbine speed may be adjusted in flight through the operating range by movement of the switch as required.
f. Gas Producer Fuel Control. The gas producer
fuel control has a bypass valve, metering valve, acceleration bellows, governing and enrichment bellows,
manually operated cutoff valve, maximum pressure

relief valve, and a torque tube seal and lever assembly.
A maximum pressure relief valve is incorporated to
protect the system from excessive fuel pressure.
g. Power Turbine Governor. The power turbine
speed is scheduled by the power turbine governor
lever and the power turbine speed scheduling cam.
The cam sets a governor spring load which opposes
a speed-weight output. Overspeed protection of the
power turbine governor becomes effective at approximately 108% N2. This governing action will result in a
pulsating increase/decrease of engine power.
h. Deleted.
i. Fuel Pump and Filter Assembly. The fuel pump
and filter assembly incorporates a single gear-type
pumping element, a low pressure barrier filter, a filter
bypass valve, and a bypass pressure regulating valve.
Fuel enters the engine fuel system at the inlet port of the
pump and passes through the low pressure filter before
entering the gear element. The filter bypass valve
allows fuel to bypass the filter element if it becomes
clogged. The bypass return flow from the fuel control is
passed back to the inlet of the gear element through a
pressure regulating valve which maintains the bypass
flow pressure above inlet pressure.
j. Deleted.
k. Fuel Nozzle. The fuel nozzle is a single-entry
dual orifice type unit which contains an integral valve
for dividing primary and secondary flow.
l. Deleted.
Change 14
2-23
TM 55-1520-228-10
2-14. INFRARED
TEM.
SUPPRESSION
SYS-
The infrared suppression system is specially formulated

to reduce detection of IR-seeking missiles. The system
consists of two exhaust stacks located at the top of the
engine cowling and two shields located on the side engine cowling (figure 2-2). The exhaust stacks have cooling fins and a shelf around them to reduce the infrared
signature of the hot engine exhaust. The shields on the
side engine cowling prevent detection of the hot engine
area from the sides.
unit. Probe type magnetic chip detectors are installed at

the bottom of the power accessory gearbox and the
engine oil outlet connection. All engine oil system lines
and connections are internal with the exception of pressure and scavenge lines to the front compressor support, the gas producer turbine support, and the power
turbine support. The oil cooler blower is an integral part
of the tail rotor drive and is located aft of the freewheeling unit and adjacent to the oil tank.
2-17.1. ENGINE OIL SUPPLY SYSTEM EXTERNAL SCAVENGE OIL FILTER (After
Compliance with MWO 55-1520-228-50-44).
2-15. TEMPERATURE
SYSTEM.
MEASUREMENT
The temperature measurement system consists of four

chromel-alumel single junction thermocouples in the
gas producer turbine outlet and an associated integral
harness. The voltages of the four thermocouples are
electrically averaged in the assembly and delivered by
the assembly lead to the airframe terminal block for
reference to the engine temperature indicating system.
2-16. COMPRESSOR BLEED AIR SYSTEM.

The 5th stage compressor bleed valve permits rapid
engine response. The system consists of a compressor
discharge pressure sensing port on the scroll, tubing
from the sensing port to the bleed valve, a compressor
bleed control valve, and a bleed air manifold on the
compressor case. Elongated slots between every other
vane in the compressor 5th stage bleeds compressor air
into a manifold which is an integral part of the compressor case. The manifold forms the mounting flange for the
compressor bleed control valve when the compressor
case halves are assembled. Compressor discharge air
pressure sensing for bleed control valve operation is
obtained at a sensing port of the compressor scroll. The
bleed control valve is normally open. It is closed by
compressor discharge pressure.
The in-line external scavenge oil filter is located above

the tail rotor drive shaft, behind the engine oil tank. The
filter assembly consists of a filter element, oil bypass
indicator, and bypass valve. When the filter element
becomes clogged, it will give a warning by extending the
oil bypass (red) indicator. The indicator extends when a
set differential pressure across the filter is exceeded.
When in the reset position, the indicator will be hidden
from view. If the indicator is extended, it can be reset by
pressing in. An extended indicator is no sufficient reason
to ground the helicopter. If filter bypass indicator (red
button) is showing, reset indicator, ground run engine,
and reinspect. If indicator red button is not showing after
ground run, aircraft may be released for operation. If
indicator red button is showing, do not fly aircraft, notify
maintenance.
2-18. IGNITION SYSTEM.

a. The engine ignition system consists of a keylock
ignition switch, a low tension capacitor discharge ignition exciter, a spark igniter lead, and a shunted surface
gap spark igniter. The system derives its input power
from the helicopter 28-volt DC electrical system.
b. The keylock ignition switch (figure 2-13 and figure 2-14) locks out the starter system and prevents unauthorized use of the helicopter, thereby preventing
possible injury to personnel and/or damage to the equipment.
2-17. ENGINE OIL SUPPLY SYSTEM.
2-19. STARTERS SWITCH.
The lubricating system is a dry sump type with an external reservoir and heat exchanger. A gear type pressure
and scavenge pump assembly is mounted within the
power and accessory gearbox. The oil filter, filter bypass
valve, and pressure regulating valve are in a unit which
is located in the upper right side of the power and accessory gearbox housing and are accessible from the top
of the engine. The oil tank is mounted aft of the engine
rear firewall on top of the intermediate cabin section. A
check valve is located between the housing and the filter
The starter switch (figure 2-3 and figure 2-4), located in

the collective stick switch box, is a push button type
switch. When the switch is pressed, the circuit to the
starter relay actuating coil, the igniter unit, and the fuel
boost pump are energized. The switch is released when
the engine start cycle is completed or abort start procedures is completed. The keylock ignition switch must be
ON to complete the ignition circuit. The circuit is protected by the START ENG, IGN ENG and FUEL PUMP
circuit breakers.
2-24
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-13. Instrument Panel and Console (Typical) A
2-25
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-14. Instrument Panel and Console (Typical) C
2-26
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-14.1. Instrument Panel and Console with AN/ARC-201 A (Typical)

Change 10
2-26.1
TM 55-1520-228-10
NVG-Compatible bezel lights

installed on the following
instruments.
Radar Altimeter
Altimeter
Vertical Speed Indicator
Altitude Indicator
RBHI
Course Deviation Indicator
Airspeed Indicator
Dual Tachometer
Torque Indicator
Flip filter provided for
following:
Rotor RPM
Master Caution
Caution-Advisory
APR-39, MA Light
Figure 2-14.2. Instrument Panel and Console with AN/ARC-201 C (Typical)
2-26.2
Change 10
TM 55-1520-228-10
2-20. ENGINE AUTOMATIC RELIGHT SYSTEM (NOT USED).

An ENGINE RELIGHT ON/OFF switch and an ENGINE
RELIGHT light may be found on the instrument panel.
The automatic relight system has been deactivated and
is not functional. There is no approved functional system
for the OH-58A/C helicopter.
2-21. ENGINE INSTRUMENTS AND INDICATORS.

The engine instruments and indicators are mounted in
the instrument panel or the caution panel in the lower
console. They are described in the following paragraphs
and shown in figure 2-13 and figure 2-14.
a. Engine Out Warning. An RPM sensor is connected to the gas producer tachometer. Power is supplied from the CAUTION PNL LTS circuit breaker and
connections are made to the ENGINE OUT warning
light (figure 2-13 and figure 2-14), and to a tone generator which produces a tone in the pilot headset. The warning system is activated when N1 is below 55 $ 3% and
is deactivated above that N1 speed. The audio signal is
the same as the low rotor audio signal.
b. Engine Out Audio Warning. A switch connected to the collective lever disables the engine out
audio warning when the collective lever is in the full
down position.
c. Torquemeter. The torquemeter (figure 2-13 and

figure 2-14), located in the instrument panel, displays
percent of torque produced by the engine. The torquemeter is a direct reading, wetline indicator.
d. A Turbine Outlet Temperature Gage. A thermocouple harness assembly with four integral probes is
used to sense the temperature of the gases on the outlet
side of the gas producer turbine rotor. A DC voltage
which is directly proportional to the gas temperature it
senses, is generated by each thermocouple. The thermocouple and thermocouple harness provide an average of the four voltages representative of the turbine
outlet temperature (TOT) and this is the temperature
indication on the TOT gage on the instrument panel.
e. C Turbine Outlet Temperature Indicator. The

turbine outlet temperature (TOT) indicator (figure 2-14),
located in the instrument panel, displays temperature in
degrees Celsius of the exhaust gases in the N1 turbine
outlet area. The indicator is powered by 28 Vdc and
protected by TURB OUTLET TEMP circuit breaker.
f. Gas Producer Tachometer. The gas producer

tachometer generator, located on the engine, generates
an AC voltage with a frequency that is a function of gas
producer turbine rotor N1 RPM. The output of the
tachometer generator is delivered to the gas producer
tachometer indicator which indicates the frequency in
terms of percent RPM of gas producer turbine speed.
The power for the gas producer tachometer is engine
generated A . The helicopter electrical system powers
the C model and is protected by a gas producer tach
circuit breaker.
g. Dual Tachometer. The dual tachometer (figure

2-13 A , figure 2-14 C ) located in the instrument panel
displays percent RPM of the engine and rotor. The outer
scale is marked Engine and the inner scale is marked
Rotor. The OH-58A indicators are direct reading instruments which are not dependent on the electrical system.
The OH-58C tach indicators are 28v DC-powered and
protected by the DUAL TACH and GAS PROD TACH
circuit breakers.
h. A Oil Pressure Gage. The oil pressure indicator, located on the instrument panel, is a direct-reading,
wet-line system. Pressure from the pressure side of the
oil pump is indicated in psi. Refer to figure 2-13.
i. A Oil Temperature Gage. The engine oil temperature gage, located on the instrument panel, is connected to an electrical resistance type thermocouple
and indicates the temperature of the oil at the oil tank
outlet.
j. C Oil Pressure/Temperature Indicator. The

engine oil pressure/temperature indicator (figure 2-14),
located in the instrument panel, displays engine oil pressure in psi and temperature in degrees Celsius. The
temperature circuit is powered by 28 Vdc and protected
by ENG OIL TEMP circuit breaker. The oil pressure
portion of the indicator is a direct reading wetline system.
Change 10
2-27
TM 55-1520-228-10
WARNING
Illumination of the engine oil bypass light may
indicate a severe leak is present or developing,
which could result in total loss of engine oil in a
short period of time.
k. Engine Oil Bypass Caution Light. The ENG
OIL BYPASS caution light (figure 2-13 and figure 2-14),
located on the caution panel, will illuminate when the oil
tank level is approximately 3 pints low. With the ENG
OIL BYPASS switch (figure 2-12) in the AUTO position
the engine oil will bypass the oil cooler. A significant rise
in engine oil temperature will occur and engine failure
can occur in a few minutes due to excessive engine oil
temperature and/or engine oil loss. The switch in AUTO
SECTION IV.
2-22.
FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEM.
Manual fuel shutoff valve should only be used

in emergencies and maintenance procedures
that require its use. Alert maintenance personnel anytime engine is shut down by using manual fuel shutoff valve by making an entry on DA
Form 2408-13-1.
The OH-58A/C helicopters are equipped with a
self-sealing Crashworthy Fuel System.
This system is designed to retain fuel in a crash and provide
improved ballistic protection, and is located below and
aft of the passenger seat. In addition, the fuel lines are
self-sealing. Mounted in the bottom of the cell is one
boost pump, one fuel quantity transmitter, one low fuel
transmitter, and one fuel sump drain. Installed in top of
the cell is one fuel quantity transmitter, a vent line, and a
boost pump pressure switch. A fuel filler cap is located
on the right side just aft of the passenger door. The fuel
shut off valve is mounted on the right side of the aircraft
above the fuel cell cavity and is manually operated by
the fuel valve handle on the overhead console. A connector for an auxiliary fuel cell is located on the forward
side of the fuel cell beneath the seat. Helicopters with
crashworthy fuel systems also incorporate the closed
circuit refueling provision.
2-22.1. AIRFRAME MOUNTED FUEL FILTER ASSEMBLY. After compliance with MWO 1-1520-22850-48.
2-28
Change 12
position is designed for combat operations only (due to

the potential for damage to the oil cooler by hostile fire)
to provide the pilot a little additional time to fly out of the
immediate enemy danger area only. The switch should
be in the OFF position for operation in noncombat environment. The circuit is powered by 28 Vdc and is protected by the CAUTION PNL LTS circuit breaker.
l. Engine Chip Detector. There are two electrical engine chip detectors located in the accessory gear
case, one at the lowest part and one on the forward right
side by the oil pump. The ENG CHIP DET caution light
(figure 2-14), located on the caution panel will illuminate
when sufficient metal chips to complete the electrical circuit are collected from the engine oil. The system is
powered by 28 Vdc and protected by CAUTION PNL
LTS circuit breaker.
FUEL SYSTEM
The OH-58A/C helicopters have been equipped with an
airframe mounted fuel filter. The fuel filter is a cylindrical
unit mounted on the engine deck on the left side of the
engine compartment. The fuel filter has a 10 micron
(nominal) disposable filter element and electrical means
of indicating any impending bypass condition which may
occur. Fuel enters the inlet port of the filter from the
fuel supply system and routes the fuel through the filter
element, then exiting the outlet port of the filter to the
engine fuel pump. If a clogging condition should develop
in the filter element, a normally-open switch is closed
by differential pressure, lighting FUEL FILTER caution
panel as warning that further clogging may cause fuel to
flow through the bypass valve in the filter and on to the
engine pump with filtration.
2-23.
AUXILIARY FUEL SYSTEM.
An auxiliary fuel cell (figure 2-15) can be installed in the

helicopter. The auxiliary fuel cell, when installed, is secured in the passenger compartment on the right half of
the cargo platform. The auxiliary fuel cell is a self-supporting, crashworthy self-sealing bladder type.
a.
This fuel is delivered to the main fuel system
by gravity only; the pilot has no control over the flow of
fuel from the auxiliary cell into the main fuel cell.
b.
The auxiliary fuel cell can be filled either at the
main fuel cell filler or at a filler cap on the auxiliary fuel
cell. The preferred method is to service the helicopter
with fuel at the main fuel filler.
c.
When the auxiliary fuel cell is installed, a fuel
calibration card must be used to determine the amount
of fuel on board (figure 2-15).
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-15. Auxiliary Fuel System
2-29
TM 55-1520-228-10
2-24.
CONTROLS AND INDICATORS.
a. Fuel Quantity Indicator. The FUEL QTY indicator (figure 2-13 and 2-14) is located in the instrument
panel and displays the quantity of fuel in the fuel cell in
pounds (0 to 600 lbs.). The indicator is powered by 28
Vdc and protect by INST CLUSTER circuit breaker
FUEL QTY circuit breaker
b. Fuel Boost Caution Light. The FUEL BOOST

caution light (figure 2-13 and 2-14) is located on the caution panel and illuminates if the fuel boost pressure is
below safe operating limits when fuel boost switch is in
the ON position. The system is powered by 28 Vdc and
protected by CAUTION PANEL LTS circuit breaker.
c. Fuel Boost Pump Switch. The FUEL BOOST
switch (figure 2-13 and figure 2-14) is located in the
lower right corner of the instrument panel. The fuel boost
switch will be in the fuel boost position for all normal
conditions when the engine is operating and for starting. The system is powered by 28 Vdc and protected by
FUEL PUMP circuit breaker.
NOTE
remaining and actual time aircraft engine may

operate. Differences in fuel consumption rates,
aircraft altitude and operational condition of the
fuel subsystem will also affect actual time aircraft engine may operate.
d. Low Fuel Quantity Caution Light. The LOW
FUEL caution light, (figure 2-13 and figure 2-14), located
in caution panel, should illuminate when there is approximately 20 minutes or 65 to 98 pounds of fuel remaining.
The illumination of this light does not mean a fixed time
remains. When the 20 minute fuel caution light is on, the
fuel remaining may not be available except when the aircraft is in level or coordinated flight. The 20 minute fuel
caution light in conjunction with a fuel boost caution light
may indicate impending fuel starvation. The system is
powered by 28 VDC and projected by Caution PNL LTS
circuit breaker.
e. Fuel Filter Caution Light. The FUEL FILTER
caution light (figure 2-13 and figure 2-14), located in the
caution panel, will illuminate when the filter in the fuel
supply line becomes partially obstructed. The system
is powered by 28 Vdc and protected by CAUTION PNL
LTS circuit breaker. The light may illuminate momentarily when the boost pump is turned on, but it should
extinguish within approximately ten seconds.
Low fuel caution systems alert the pilot that fuel

in the tank has reached a specified level (capacity). Differences in fuel densities due to temperature and fuel type will vary the weight of fuel
SECTION V.
2-25.
FLIGHT CONTROLS
DESCRIPTION.
When carrying non-rated passengers unfamiliar with operation of the helicopter, pilot should
evaluate the mission as to advantages and disadvantages of stowing copilot controls or accepting the responsibility of the potential hazard
when leaving the controls in place.
The flight control system is a positive mechanical type,
actuated by conventional helicopter controls which,
when moved, directs the helicopter in various modes
of flight. Dual flight controls are provided. The system
includes; the cyclic control stick, used for fore and aft
and lateral control; the collective pitch control lever,
used for vertical control; and the tail rotor anti-torque
2-30
Change 14
control pedals, used for heading control. The control forces of the main rotor flight control system are
reduced to a near zero pounds force, to lessen pilot
fatigue, by hydraulic servo cylinders connected to the
control system mechanical linkage and powered by
the transmission driven hydraulic pump. Force trims
(force gradients) connected to the cyclic controls are
electrically operated mechanical units used to induce
artificial control feeling into the cyclic controls and to
prevent the cyclic stick moving from a pre-set position.
2-26.
CYCLIC CONTROL.
The pilot cyclic grip (figures 2-3 and 2-4) contains the following switches: force trim release switch, ICS switch,
and RADIO transmit switch. The cyclic control system
controls the fore, aft, and lateral movement of the helicopter. Control feel is provided by the force trim units.
TM 55-1520-228-10
NOTE
Removal of copilot cyclic stick can
cause pilot cyclic stick to creep
slightly aft.
a. Copilot Cyclic Stick Stowage.
NOTE
Force trim will be lost when the
electrical connector is disconnected
when stowing or removing the
copilot cyclic stick Removal is
authorized by the pilot and/or
commander (Fuel quantity gage
cannot be monitored with cyclic stick
stowed C ).
(1) Unscrew retaining nut on cyclic stick.
(2) Secure cyclic stick on stowage pin and strap
located on the left outboard side of the center console.
copilot collective lever, located on the left of the copilot

position, contains only a twist type throttle at the forward
end of the control.
a. Copilot Collective Pitch Control Stowage.
(1) Remove the boot around copilot stick shaft.
(2) Loosen knurled nut at base of copilot stick
Remove stick.
(3) Stow stick in clips located on forward side of
copilot seat.
b. Copilot Collective Pitch Control Installation.
(1) Remove stick from stowage clips and insert
stick in jackshaft elbow assuring engagement of throttle
tube.
(2) Secure stick in elbow with knurled nut.
(3) Secure boot around stick shaft.
b. Copilot Cyclic Stick Installation.

2-28. ANTI-TORQUE (DIRECTION) CONTROL.
(1) Remove cyclic stick from stowage.
(2) Insert cyclic stick into pivot assembly on
torque tube.
(3) Secure cyclic stick in pivot assembly with
knurled nut.
(4) Ensure electrical connector is installed.
2-27. COLLECTIVE PITCH CONTROL.
Anti-torque control pedals (figure 2-3 and figure 2-4)

alter the pitch of the tail rotor blades and thereby provide
the means of directional control. Pedal adjustments are
located at the base of the pedals at floor level. Adjuster
knobs enable adjustment of pedal distance for individual
comfort.
a. Deleted.
b. Deleted.
WARNING
Do not use deck under collective for
storage. This could cause interference in the full down position.
The pilot collective pitch control is located to the left of
the pilot position and controls the vertical mode of flight.
A rotating grip-type throttle and a switch box assembly
are located in the forward end of the pilot collective pitch
lever (figure 2-3 and figure 2-4).
The switch box
assembly contains the starter, governor engine idle
release and landing lights switches. Friction can be
induced into the collective system by rotating a friction
device located between the pilot and copilot seats. The
2-29. FORCE TRIMS (FORCE GRADIENT).

Force gradient devices are incorporated in the controls.
These devices are installed in the flight control system
between the cyclic stick and the hydraulic power cylinder
(servo). The devices act to furnish a force gradient of
feel to the cyclic control stick. However, these forces
can be reduced to zero by depressing the force trim
button on the cyclic stick (figure 2-3 and figure 2-4). The
gradient is accomplished by means of springs and
magnetic brake release assemblies which enable the
pilot to trim the controls, as desired, for any condition of
flight. A FORCE TRIM toggle switch is installed in the
control panel to activate the force trim system.
Change 10
2-31
TM 55-1520-228-10
2-30. HORIZONTAL STABILIZER.
2-31. VERTICAL FIN.
The horizontal stabilizer (figure 2-1 and figure 2-2) is

located near the center of the tail boom an is installed in
a predetermined fixed position. The horizontal stabilizer
aids in trimming the helicopter in level flight and
increases usable CG range.
The vertical fin is located to the right of the tail rotor and
is installed in a predetermined fixed position.
SECTION VI. HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
2-32. DESCRIPTION.
2-33. CONTROL
The hydraulic system consists of a variable delivery

pump and reservoir, servo actuators with irreversible
valve circuits for cyclic and collective controls, a
pressure line filter, a return line filter, and a solenoid
shutoff valve. The pump is located on the transmission.
The hydraulic system provides for fully powered flight
controls during authoritative flight.
A hydraulic system switch (HYD BOOST) is located on

the lower right portion of the instrument panel and
controls the activation and deactivation of the hydraulic
system. (Refer to figure 2-13 and figure 2-14.)
2-34. CAUTION INDICATOR.
A caution indicator is located on the caution panel to
indicate when hydraulic pressure is low (figure 2-13 and
figure 2-14).
2-32
Change 10
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION VII. POWER TRAIN SYSTEM

2-35. TRANSMISSION.
is mounted so that it rides inside the square metal

opening of the transmission mount support.
The transmission is mounted on the cabin roof deck,

forward of the power plant. The transmission transfers
engine power to the main rotor through the mast assembly. The tail rotor is driven through the freewheeling unit,
tail rotor driveshafts and tail rotor gearbox. Transmission lubrication is provided by a pump, relief valves, two
each filters, spray jets, temperature bulb, and an oil
cooler. The pump is a constant volume type driven by
the accessory gear. An oil level sight gage is located on
the right side of the transmission case. A breather type
filler cap and two electrical magnetic chip detector drain
plugs are incorporated. The transmission also furnishes
lubrication for the freewheeling unit mounted in the engine accessory gearbox. Transmission oil is cooled by
the oil cooler blower.
c. The isolation mount is used to dampen pylon to

fuselage vibration and limit pylon rock. Movement of the
transmission and isolation mount is limited by means of
the drag pin (spike) which extends down into the transmission mount support mounted on the deck.
2-36. PYLON SUPPORT STRUCTURE.

a. The OH-58A/C has a design feature called a
focused pylon mounting system for its pylon. This support concept differs from conventional four or five point
spring mounting arrangements as follows:
(1) The pylon bi-pod supports aim or focus pylon input loads at the fuselage vertical center of gravity.
The purpose is to reduce cabin vibration by eliminating
pylon induced rolling moment about the center of gravity.
(2) Rigid mounting in the vertical plane minimizes vertical vibration.
(3) Vibration should not increase with mount
aging as is possible with conventional spring mounted
pylon supports.
b. The elastomeric mount provides pylon static
centering.
d. Contact between the drag pin and the transmission mount produces a noise known as spike knock.
2-38. FREEWHEELING ASSEMBLY.

The freewheeling unit is mounted in the accessory gearbox. Engine power is transmitted through the freewheeling unit to the main driveshaft and tail rotor driveshafts
to provide power to the main and tail rotors respectively.
During autorotation the freewheeling unit provides engine disconnect and transmission drives the tail rotor.
2-39. TAIL ROTOR GEARBOX.

The gearbox is located near the vertical fin and provides
a 90 degree change of direction of the tail rotor driveshaft. A breather type filler cap, electrical chip detector
drain plug and an oil level sight gage are provided.
2-40. DRIVESHAFTS.
a. Main Driveshaft. The main driveshaft connects
the engine output to the transmission.
b. Tail Rotor Driveshaft. The tail rotor driveshaft is
made up of four sections; the forward short shaft, the oil
cooler fan shaft, the aft short shaft, and the long shaft.
2-41. INDICATORS.
2-37. PYLON SUSPENSION SYSTEM.
a. The main transmission is supported and attached at its lower rear section by an isolation mount.
Bolted to the lower aft part of the transmission case is
the drag pin which bolts to the elastomeric isolation
mount.
b. The drag pin has a metal pin which is commonly
referred to as the spike. The drag pin or spike physically
a. Transmission Chip Detectors. There are three

chip detectors located within the transmission lubricating system. Two electrical chip detectors are located on
the base of the transmission and are wired to the XMSN
CHIP DET caution light and the MASTER CAUTION
light. One magnetic chip detector is located on the freewheeling unit and is not connected to the caution lighting
system. All three are provided to give evidence of ferrous metal particles in the transmission lubrication system.
Change 11
2-33
TM 55-1520-228-10
b. Tail Rotor Gearbox Chip Detector. The chip

detector is located in the lower section of the tail rotor
gearbox. The chip detector is wired to the T/R CHIP DET
caution light and the MASTER CAUTION light. The caution light is activated when a sufficient amount of metal
particles has been collected on the chip detector to close
the circuit.
c. Transmission
Oil
Pressure
Warning
Light. The XMSN OIL PRESS warning light (figure
2-13 and figure 2-14) is located in the upper center
section A , and upper right corner C of the instrument
panel. The XMSN OIL PRESS light will illuminate steady
until oil pressure is above 36 psi. Normal operating pressure is 30 to 60 psi with warning light actuation at 30 $
2 psi on decreasing pressure. The transmission oil pressure switch is located on the left side of the cabin roof
near the transmission. The light is protected by the CAUTION PNL LTS circuit breaker.
d. Transmission Oil Temperature Warning

Light. The XMSN OIL HOT warning light (figure 2-13
and figure 2-14) is located in the upper center section A
, and upper right corner C of the instrument panel. The
XMSN OIL HOT light will illuminate when temperature
is 110_C or above. The transmission oil temperature
sensor is located on the transmission oil filter head. The
light is protected by the CAUTION PNL LTS circuit
breaker.
SECTION VIII. MAIN AND TAIL ROTOR GROUPS

2-42. MAIN ROTOR.
The main rotor assembly is a two blade, semi-rigid, seesaw type rotor called an underslung feathering axis hub.
The blades are mounted in the hub assembly grips with
blade retaining bolts which have hollow shanks for
installation of weights to balance the hub and blade
assembly. Pitch change and pillow block bearings are
lubricated with grease. The rotor blades are all metal,
consisting of an extruded aluminum alloy nose block,
aluminum alloy trailing edge and an aluminum honeycomb filler. The main rotor is driven by the mast which
is connected to the transmission. The rotor RPM is governed by the engine RPM during powered flight. The
rotor tip path plane is controlled by the cyclic stick. The
rotor pitch is controlled by the collective lever.
marked with an R. The indicator is powered by a

tachometer generator mounted on and driven by the
transmission and is independent of the helicopter electrical system. C Model aircraft require 28 VDC and are
protected by the DUAL TACH circuit breaker.
2-44. RPM WARNING SYSTEM.

A ROTOR RPM warning system is installed to provide
a visual and audio indication of low rotor RPM. A RPM
sensor is connected to the rotor tachometer. Power is
supplied from the CAUTION PNL LTS circuit breaker
and connections are made to the ROTOR RPM warning
light and to a tone generator which provides an audible
tone in the crews headsets. The warning system is activated when the rotor RPM drops below 95% $ 1.4%.
2-43. MAIN ROTOR RPM INDICATOR.

2-45. TAIL ROTOR.
CAUTION
The same audio tone is used for both
the rotor rpm warning and engine out
warning. Check the visual indicators
to determine corrective action necessary.
The rotor tachometer indicator (figure 2-13 A , figure
2-14 C ) is part of the dual tachometer and is located on
the instrument panel. The rotor RPM reading is indicated on the inner scale and the pointer needle is
2-34
Change 11
The tail rotor is driven by the inner shaft of the freewheeling unit through tail rotor driveshaft and the tail rotor
gearbox. The tail rotor hub and blade assembly consists
of an aluminum alloy forged yoke and aluminum alloy
blades. The spherical bearings provide for pitch change
of the blades. The hub and blade assembly are mounted
on the tail rotor gearbox shaft by means of a splined
trunnion, mounted in bearings in the yoke, to provide a
flapping axis for the assembly. The tail rotor gearbox has
a breather type filter cap, electrical chip detector and oil
level sight gage, all accessible from ground level. Tail
rotor blade pitch is controlled by the anti-torque pedals.
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION IX.
2-46.
PITOT HEATING SYSTEM.
a. Description. The pitot heater is installed on

the pitot head and functions to prevent ice forming in
the pitot tube. Electric power for the pitot heater operation is supplied from the 28 VDC helicopter electrical
system. Circuit protection is provided by a 5 ampere cir-
SECTION X.
2-47.
UTILITY SYSTEM
cuit breaker switch on the overhead console. The pitot
heater is controlled by a switch located on the overhead
console (figure 2-12) labeled PITOT HTR.
b. Operation. The pitot heater switch should be
in PITOT HTR position to prevent ice forming in pitot
tube. To shut off pitot heater, position switch to OFF.
HEATING AND VENTILATION
BLEED AIR HEATING SYSTEM.
a. Description. The bleed air heater is installed

in the equipment compartment aft of the electrical shelf
behind the passenger seat. A HTR switch (figure 2-12)
located on the overhead console actuates the heater.
The pilot may select air temperature by means of a
HEAT control knob (figure 2-17) located above and aft
of his head. This knob operates a control cable in the
cabin roof to adjust an air temperature sensor mounted
in the heater discharge duct. Adjusting the sensor mixes
the fresh and bleed air to obtain the air temperature
selected by the pilot. The bleed air heating ducts are
connected to windshield defog nozzles at the bottom of
the forward windshield through blowers mounted in the
fuselage nose. The blowers are activated by DEFOG &
VENT circuit breaker switch (figure 2-12) located on the
overhead console to increase airflow velocity over the
windshield. Lower nose window defog is continuous
and automatic when HTR switch is turned on. Outside
fresh air from an intake on the top of the fuselage
nose is directed through the windshield defog nozzles
mounted on the lower windshield frame. A VENT PULL
control on the right side of the instrument panel (figure
2-16) opens and closes the fresh air intake.
b. Operation. A circuit breaker switch labeled

HTR on the overhead console (figure 2-12) actuates a
solenoid valve. The switch in the ON position permits
air from the engine compressor section to pass through
the bleed air nozzle. A venturi working in conjunction
with the bleed air nozzle draws in outside air through
the outside air vent. Bleed air and outside air is fed into
the mixing valve where a sensor determines the mixing
ratio produce the desired temperature. Bleed air forces
heated air through the duct system to registers under
the seat and/or to the defroster nozzles. Temperature
is regulated by a manual control knob labeled HEAT
located above and to the rear of the pilots head, and
connected to a variable remote sensor in the heater
compartment. The sensor has a bimetallic element
which controls the mixing valve. The defogging and
vent system is installed in the nose and consists of a
ram air intake, two blower fans, defroster nozzles and
ducts. The bleed air system is also connected to the
defogging and vent system. Outside air flow to the
cabin and defogging nozzles is controlled by manual
push-pull type controls labeled VENT and DEFOG
located on each side of the instrument panel (figure
2-16). The blowers direct air to the defogging nozzles
and are controlled by a 5 AMP circuit breaker switch,
labeled DEFOG & VENT, on the overhead console.
(Refer to figure 2-12).
Change 10
2-35
TM 55-1520-228-10
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Vent and Defog Control

(Instrument Panel)
Heater Control Knob
Heat Control Cable
Bleed Air Tube
Mixing Valve
Plenum
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Remote Sensor
Fresh Air Inlet
Post Plenum
Air Distribution Valves
Windshield Defog Nozzle
Plenum Drain
Plenum Valve Assembly
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Ventilation and Defogging Blower

Ram Air Intake Grill
Air Distribution Vents
Cargo / Passenger Area
Pilot Seat Back (REF)
Copilot Seat Back (REF)
Figure 2-16. Heating and Ventilation A. (Sheet 1 of 2)
2-36
Change 14
TM 55-1520-228-10
19.
Combustion Heater Plenum
26.
Fresh Air Inlet
20.
Fuel Shutoff Valve
27.
Igniter Plug
21.
Fuel Pump
28.
Duct
22.
Fuel Pressure Relief Valve
29.
Firewall Shutoff Control
23.
Fuel Filter
30.
Heat Control Knob
24.
Heater
31.
Pilot Seat Back
25.
Combustion Blower
32.
Copilot Seat Back
Figure 2-16.
Heating and Ventilation
(Sheet 2 of 2)
Change 14
2-37
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-17. Heater Control and Vent Pull Knobs
2-38
Change 12
TM 55-1520-228-10
2-48. A COMBUSTION HEATER.
(5) BAT switch - BAT.
a. Description. A combustion heater is installed on

the electrical shelf behind the passenger seat, on
helicopter serial Nos. 70-15263 thru 70-15278, in the aft
equipment compartment. Fuel for heater operation is
supplied by the helicopter fuel system and routed
through the heater fuel filter, pump, relief valve, and
shutoff valve. Ignition is supplied by a heater mounted
ignition assembly which converts 28 volts DC to high
voltage, producing a continuous spark during heater
operation. Air is supplied by a blower through a port on
the right side of the helicopter and routed to the
combustion chamber. Heater exhaust gasses are piped
overboard through a shrouded exhaust flue. Heated air
is distributed by a heater mounted ventilating air blower
and routed through ducts to the forward and aft cabin
compartments. Two adjustable distribution valves are
provided in the pilot compartment and two fixed
openings for the passenger compartment. Controls for
heater starting are located on the overhead panel and
two controls are mounted on the vertical column on pilot
seat back. The left side control is for temperature and
the right side control operates the heater shutoff valve in
the event of fumes, fire, or heater malfunction. A heater
fail light is mounted on the console and will indicate
heater malfunction. Consumption of fuel is 3.5 gallons
per hour for 30,000 BTU heater and 4.5 gallons per hour
for the 50,000 BTU heater. (Refer to figure 2-16.)
(6) FUEL VALVE - ON
b. Combustion Heater Pre-Start Check.
(7) HEAT-OFF-VENT switch - OFF.
c. Normal Operation.
(1) HEAT-OFF-VENT switch ON. Check that
combustion air and vent blowers operate and HEATER
FAIL caution light is on.
(2) HTR START switch Press and hold, Ignition
should occur within 5 to 10 seconds HEATER FAIL
caution light should go off.
(3) TEMP CONT knob Regulate for desired
temperature.
(4) HEAT-OFF-VENT switch OFF, to shut down
heater.
NOTE
HEAT-OFF-VENT switch in OFF
position, the combustion air and vent
blowers will continue to operate,
cooling and purging the heater, and
will cut off automatically when the
heater has cooled if manual cooling
and purging is desired place switch
in VENT position, then return switch
to OFF.
(1) FUEL PUMP circuit breaker - In.

d. Emergency Shutdown.
(2) HTR PWR circuit breaker - In.
(3) HTR CONT circuit breaker - In.
(4) FIREWALL SHUT-OFF CONTROL-- In.
(1) FIREWALL SHUT-OFF CONTROL knob

- Release and pull out.
(2) HEAT-OFF-VENT switch - OFF.
2-39
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION XI. ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

2-49. DIRECT CURRENT PRIMARY POWER.
The OH-58A/C helicopter is equipped with a 28-volt
direct current dual bus (essential and non-essential)
system supplied by a starter-generator and battery
(figure 2-18). Components of the direct current power
system include battery, starter-generator, voltage
regulator, relays, switches, and circuit breakers. All
circuits in the electrical system are single wire with
common ground return. The negative terminals of the
starter-generator and the battery are grounded to the
helicopter structure. In the event of generator failure,
with the NON-ESS BUS switch in the NORM position,
the non-essential bus is automatically deactivated. The
battery then supplies power to the essential bus load.
The non-essential bus may be manually reactivated by
placing the NON-ESS BUS to the MAN position. In the
event of engine failure, generator power will be lost.
a. Indicators and Controls.
(1) DC System Indicator. The ammeter is
mounted in the instrument duster on the instrument
panel and indicates the ampere load being used. The
circuit is protected by two circuit breakers, labeled
LOADMETER in the aft electrical compartment.
(2) DC Power Control.
The DC power is
controlled by the BAT switch, GEN switch, NON-ESS
BUS switch, and circuit breakers labeled GEN & BUS
RESET and GEN FIELD.
(3) Battery Switch.
The Battery switch is
located in the overhead console and is a two-position
toggle switch, labeled BAT and OFF. Battery electrical
power is supplied to the helicopter electrical system
when the switch is in the BAT position. When the switch
is in the BAT position, it closes the circuit to the
actuating coil of the battery relay and battery power is
then delivered from the battery to the essential bus.
When the switch is placed in the OFF position, it opens
the circuit to the actuating coil of the battery relay and no
power is delivered from the battery to the essential bus.
(4) Generator Switch. The generator switch is
located on the overhead console and is a three-position
2-40 Change 10
switch. This switch is labeled GEN in the forward

position, OFF in the center position, and RESET in the
aft position. The RESET position is spring-loaded to
return to the OFF position when released. Therefore, to
reset the generator, the switch must be held in RESET
position momentarily, and then moved to the forward
position.
(5) Non-Essential Bus Switch.
The nonessential bus switch is located in the overhead console
and is a two-position switch labeled NON-ESS BUS
NORM and MAN. When the switch is in the NORM
position, power is supplied to the non-essential bus
provided the generator is operating or when external
power is applied. When the switch is in the MAN
position, power is supplied to the non-essential bus
regardless of generator operation.
b. Circuit Breakers. The DC circuit breaker panel
(figure 2-12) is located in the overhead console. Each
individual circuit breaker is dearly labeled for particular
electrical circuits protected. In the event a circuit is
overloaded, the circuit breaker protecting that circuit will
deactivate. The circuit is reactivated by pushing the
circuit breaker button.
c. External Power Receptacle. During ground
operations, external power may be connected to the
electrical system through an external power receptacle
located on the lower right side of the helicopter just aft of
the rear landing gear crosstube. The GEN and BAT
switches should be in the OFF position when external
power is connected. The external power relay closes
automatically and connects the ground unit to the
essential and non-essential buses. A GPU power of 300
to 750 amperes and 28 vdc is recommended.
d. Auxiliary Power Receptacle. The auxiliary
power receptacle is mounted on a bulkhead aft of the
copilot seat and provides power take off of 28 Vdc to
operate miscellaneous auxiliary equipment. The circuit
is powered by 28 Vdc essential bus and is controlled and
protected by AUX RECP circuit breaker switch on the
overhead console.
TM 55-1520-228-10

NAV POSITION LIGHTS (NVG POS LTS) C

SRCH/LANDING LT CONTROL
(SRCH LT CONT) C
AMMETER(AMM) C
FUEL QUANTITY INDICATOR (FUEL QTY) C
DUAL TACHOMETER (DUAL TACH) C
GAS PRODUCER TACHOMETER
(GAS PROD TACH) C
TURBINE OUTLET TEMPERATURE
INDICATOR (TURB OUTLET TEMP) C
ENGINE OIL TEMPERATURE INDICATOR
(ENG OIL TEMP) C
PRIMARY DIRECTIONAL CONTROL (PRI DRI
CONTR) C
TRANSMISSION OIL PRESSURE (XMSN OIL
PRESS) C
CONSOLE LIGHT (CSL LT) C
CONUS NAVIGATION (CONUS NAV) C
ALTIMETER VIBRATOR (ALT VIB) C
RADAR ALTIMETER (RDR ALT) C
RADAR WARNING SYSTEM (RDR WRN) C
GENERATOR FIELD (GEN FIELD)
GENERATOR & BUS RESET (GEN & BUS RESET)
CAUTION PANEL (CAUTION PNL LTS)
SIGNAL LIGHT (SIGNAL LT)
INSTRUMENT LIGHTS (INST LTS)
ANTI-COLLISION LIGHTS (ANTI-COLL LTS)
SRCH/LANDING LT POWER (SRCH LT PWR) C
ENGINE OIL BYPASS (ENG OIL BYPASS)
GOVERNOR CONTROL (GOV CONT)
FUEL BOOST PUMP (FUEL PUMP)
STARTER (START ENG)
IGNITER AND AUTO RELIGHT (IGN ENG)
ENGINE ANTI-ICE (ENG DEICE)
ATTITUDE SYSTEM (ATTD TURN) C
ATTITUDE SYSTEM (ATTD HRZN) C
FORCE TRIM (FORCE TRIM)
HYDRAULIC BOOST SOLENOID (HYD BOOST
SOL)
INSTRUMENT CLUSTER (INST CLUSTER)A
IFF (IFF)
ADF (ADF)
UHF (UHF)
ICS (ICS)
ARMAMENT (ARMT)
ARMAMENT POWER (ARMT PWR)
PITOT HEATER (PITOT HTR)
AUXILIARY POWER (AUX RECP)
PROXIMITY WARNING (PROX WARN) C
LANDING LIGHTS (LDG LTS) A
TURN AND SLIP INDICATOR (TURN & BANK
IND) A
IFF COMPUTER (IFF CMPTR) A
Figure 2-18. Electrical System Schematic (Sheet 1 of 2)

Change 10 2-41
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-18. Electrical System Schematic (Sheet 2 of 2)
2-50. ALTERNATING CURRENT POWER

SUPPLY.
The OH-58A/C helicopter is equipped with a solid state
inverter powered from the non-essential 28 volt DC bus
through a 5 ampere INV PWR circuit breaker and is
manually controlled by an INV switch (figure 2-12). The
inverter delivers 115 volt AC 400 Hz to the 115 volt AC
bus. A caution panel segment INST INVERTER will
illuminate when AC power is lost.
a. Controls. The AC power is controlled by the INV
switch and AC circuit breakers. The inverter switch is
2-42
Change 10
located in the overhead console and is a two-position

toggle switch labeled INV and OFF. AC electrical power
is provided to the electrical system when the switch is in
the forward position. DC power to the inverter is
supplied by the non-essential bus; therefore, to have AC
power, electrical power must be available at the nonessential bus. When the switch is in the OFF position it
opens the circuit to the inverter.
b. Circuit Breakers. The AC circuit breakers are
on the aft end of the overhead console. In the event of a
circuit overload, the circuit breaker protecting that circuit
will pop out. The circuit is reactivated by pushing in the
circuit breaker button.
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION XII.
2-51.
POSITION LIGHTS.
The position lights consist of three lights (figure 2-1 and

figure 2-2). A green light is located on the right horizontal stabilizer tip, a red light on the left horizontal stabilizer
tip, and a white light on the aft end of the tailboom. Electrical power is supplied from the 28-volt DC non-essential bus. Circuit protection is provided by the POS LTS
circuit breaker on the overhead console. The position
lights are controlled by the POS LTS switch on the overhead console (figure 2-12). The switch is a three-position toggle switch with BRT (forward) DIM (center) and
OFF (aft) positions.
2-52.
NVG POSITION LIGHTS.
Five, white IR position lights (NVG position lights) are

mounted on the aircraft. Two forward NVG position
lights (figure 2-2) are mounted forward of the FM homing antenna on both sides of the aircraft. Two lower
NVG position lights (figure 2-2) are mounted forward
of the APR-39 antenna support. One aft NVG position
light is located on top of the tail light support assembly.
Power for NVG position lights is provided by the NVG
POS LTS circuit breaker (figure 2-12). Operation of
the NVG position lights is controlled by a five-position
rotary switch, NVG POS LTS, (figure 2-12) located on
the overhead console. In position 1, the lights are at
minumum intensity, in position BRT, the lights are at
maximum intensity.
2-53.
ANTI-COLLISION LIGHTS.
The anti-collision lights are located one on top of the engine cowling and one centered at the lower section of
the fuselage aft of the avionics compartment. Electrical power for the anti-collision lights is provided by the
28-volt DC electrical system essential bus. The anticollision light switch is located on the overhead console (figure 2-12). The switch is a two-position toggle
type labeled ANTI-COLLISION LTS and OFF. The forward position energizes the anti-collision light circuit.
LIGHTING
Float equipped helicopters have lower light relocated
from boom station 88.0 to boom station 103.0.
2-54.
LANDING LIGHTS.
IR/White (Dual) Landing/Searchlight. A dual light assembly with a white light on one side and IR light on the
other side is mounted in the lower nose section of the
helicopter (figure 2-2).
Do not illuminate IR light with light assembly

fully retracted. Doing so may cause light to
overheat, resulting in damage to electrical components of the helicopter.
Power for the light assembly is provided by the SRCH
LT CONT and SRCH LT PWR circuit breakers. One
three-position switch and one four-position switch, co-located on the pilot collective lever (figure 2-4), are used
to operate the light assembly.
DELETED
The three-position switch LDG LT (ON-NVG-OFF) controls illumination of the white light (ON position) and the
IR light (NVG position).
NOTE
White light will automatically extinguish when
light rotates 90 right or left of center, if extended
less than 60.
The four-position switch LDG LT (EXT-RETR-L-R) provides extension, 360 rotation and retraction.
Change 12
2-43
TM 55-1520-228-10
2-55.
DELETED.
2-56.
INSTRUMENT LIGHTS.
The instrument lights are all on one circuit and are controlled by a rheostat switch labeled INST LTS on the
overhead console (figure 2-12). Clockwise rotation of
the rheostat knob activates the instrument panel circuit
and increases brilliance. Counterclockwise rotation of
the knob dims, with final movement (OFF) deactivating
the electrical circuit from the essential bus.
(figure 2-13, items 8 and 9) for flights using NVG, and

adjusted away from the ROTOR RPM warning light for
flights not using NVG. A hinged light filter is also attached to the instrument panel for the other warning
lights, and master caution lights for use in the same
manner.
b.
NVG-compatible panel lights provide lighting
of the ICS boxes KY28 and the ADF REVR located in
the aircraft. The console lighting is controlled by the
CONSOLE LT rheostat (figure 2-12) and is powered by
the CSL LT circuit breaker.
NVG compatible bezel lights and postlights provide

instrument panel lighting (figure 2-4). The instrument
panel lighting is controlled by the INST LT rheostat
control (figure 2-12) and is powered by the INST LTS
circuit breaker.
2-58.
2-57.
2-59.
CONSOLE LIGHTS.
The console lights are all on one circuit, and are controlled by a rheostat switch labeled CONSOLE LTS on
the overhead console (figure 2-12). Clockwise rotation
of the rheostat knob activates the console panel circuit
and increases brilliance. Counterclockwise rotation of
the knob dims, with final movement (OFF) deactivating
the circuit, located on the essential bus.
a. Night Vision Features (for Flights Using Night
Vision Goggles (NVG)). A hinged light filter is attached to the instrument panel so it can be adjusted
over the ROTOR RPM warning light of the warning panel
2-44
Change 12
SIGNAL LIGHT RECEPTACLE.
A plug-in type receptacle (figure 2-12) for a hand held

signal light, is located at the aft end of the overhead
console. Power is supplied from the essential bus.
COCKPIT UTILITY LIGHT.
a. Cockpit Utility Lights. Two cockpit utility

lights are located within easy reach of either crew member. One is located on the center post and the other
on the overhead center beam behind the copilot. One
has a light filter for use with flights using NVG when
necessary. The lights may be hand held or positioned in
their holder for direct beam direction. A rheostat switch
is part of each light assembly. Power is supplied from
the non-essential bus through the COCKPIT LTS circuit
breaker.
b.
Supplementary NVG-compatible cockpit lighting is provided by a utility light and three floodlights. The
TM 55-1520-228-10
u tility lig h t is a tta ch e d to a fle xib le g oo se n ec k ex te ns2-60.

ion N VG-COMPATIBLE FILTE RS.
mounted on the centerpost between the pilot and copilot seats (figure 2-4). The flexible gooseneck holds the
WARNING
u tility lig ht in the p o sitio n se le cte d b y t he pilo t or co p ilot.
An e xte n sio n c ord allo ws re m ov al o f th e u tility lig ht from
the gooseneck for manual us e. The light is equipped N V G -co m p atible flip filte rs a re to re ma in in th e
with a self-contained rheostat and has a rheostat over- open pos ition unfiltered)
(
during day flight and
ride pushbutton that provides full lamp output regardles s
night flight without night vision goggles.
of knob setting. Power for thehtligis provided by the
COCKPIT LTS circuit breaker. Three NVG-compat
ible
floodlights are mounted on the glareshield (figure 2-4).NVG-compatible flip filters are mounted next to the mascaution advis y,or RPM, and radar warning
F loo d ligh t inten sity is c on tro lled b y th e CO NSOter
L Ecaution,
LT
rheostat. The floodlights are powered by CSL LTS cir-indicators (figure 2-13 and figure 2-14). The filters are
positioned closed for NVG flight only.
cuit breaker figure
(
2-12).
SECTION XIII.
2-61.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS
AIRSPEED INDICATOR.
The airspeed indicator (figure 2-13 and figure 2-14) displays the air speed of the helicopter indicated in knots.
The airspeed is obtained by measuring the difference
between impact air pressure from the pitot tube and the
static air pressure from the static ports.
2-62.
AAU-31/A PNEUMATIC ALTIMETER.
1. Description. The
AAU-31/A
pneumatic
counter-drum-pointer altimeter is a precision pressure
altimeter (figure 2-14). Pressure altitude is displayed
by a 100-foot drum and a single pointer indicating
hundreds of feet on a circular scale, with 50 center
markings. Below an altitude of 10,000 feet, a diagonal
warning symbol will appear on the 10,000-foot counter.
A barometric pressure setting knob is provided to insert
the desired altimeter setting in inches of Hg. A DC powered vibrator operates inside the altimeter whenever aircraft power is on.
2.
Operation
a
Normal Operation.
The ALT VIB
or
circuit breaker must be in. The

ALT AAU 31/32A
altimeter indicates pneumatic altitude reference to the
barometric pressure level as selected by the pilot. A
vibrator, powered by the DC essential bus, is contained
in the altimeter and requires a minimum of one minute
warmup prior to checking or setting the altimeter.
b Abnormal Operation. If the altimeters internal vibrator becomes inoperative due to internal failure of DC power failure, the pointer and drum may momentarily hang up when passing from 9 through 0
(climbing) or from 0 through 9 (descending). This
hang-up will cause lag, the magnitude of which will depend on the vertical velocity of the aircraft and the friction in the altimeter. Pilots should be especially watchful for this type failure when the minimum approach altitude lies within the 8 1 part of the scale (800-100,
1800-2100, etc.).
2-62.1. ALTITUDE ENCODER/PNEUMATIC
ALTIMETER AAU-32/A
a. Description. The
AAU-32/A
pneumatic
counter-drum-pointer altimeter is a self-contained
unit which consists of a precision pressure altimeter
combined with an altitude encoder (figure 2-18.1). The
display indicates and the encoder transmits, simultaneously, pressure altitude reporting. Altitude is displayed
on the altimeter by a 10,000 foot counter, a 1,000 foot
counter and a 100 foot drum. A single pointer indicates
hundreds of feet of a circular scale, with 50 foot center
markings. Below an altitude of 10,000 foot a diagonal
warning system will appear on the 10,000 foot counter.
A barometric pressure setting knob is provided to insert
the desired altimeter setting in inches of Hg. A DC
powered vibrator operates in-
Change 4
2-45
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-18.1. AAU-32/A Altitude Encode/ Pneumatic Altimeter
2-46
Change 4
TM 55-1520-228-10
side the altimeter whenever the aircraft power is on. The

vibrator is powered through the ALT AAV31/32A[A] or
ALT VIB[C] circuit breaker. The encoder is DC powered
with the vibrator through the ALT AAU31/32A circuit
breaker [A] or separately AC powered through the ALT
ENCDR circuit breaker [C]. If power to the altitude encoder is lost, a warning flag placarded CODE OFF will
appear in the upper left portion of the instrument face
indicating that the altitude encoder is inoperative and
that the system is not reporting altitude to ground stations. The CODE OFF flag monitors only the encoder
function of the altimeter. It does not indicate transponder
condition. The altitude reporting function may be inoperative without the AAU-32/A CODE OFF flag showing,
in case of the transponder failure or improper control
settings. It is also possible to get a good MODE C test
on the transponder control with the CODE OFF flag
showing. Display of the CODE OFF flag only indicates
an encoder power failure or a CODE OFF flag failure. In
this event, check that encoder power is available and
that the circuit breakers are in. If the flag is still visible,
radio contact should be made with a ground radar site
to determine whether the altitude reporting function is
operative, and the remainder of the flight should be conducted accordingly.
b. Operation.
(1) Normal Operation. The ALT AAU31/32[A]
or ALT VIB and ALT ENCDR[C] circuit breakers should
be in prior to fight. The Mode C switch (M-C) on the
transponder control should be switched to ON for altitude reporting during flight. The AAU-32/A altimeter indicates pneumatic altitude reference to the barometric
pressure level as selected by the pilot. At ambient pressure, altimeters should agree with $ 70 feet of the field
elevation when the proper barometric pressure setting
is set in the altimeter. A red flag marked CODE OFF is
located in the upper left portion of the altimeters face. In
order to supply Mode C information to the IFF transponder, the CODE OFF flag must not be visible. A vibrator, powered by the DC essential bus, is contained in the
altimeter and requires a minimum of one minute warmup prior to checking or setting the altimeter.
(2) Abnormal Operation.
(a) If the altimeters internal vibrator becomes in-operative due to internal failure of DC power
failure, the pointer and drum may momentarily hang-up
when passing from 9 through 0 (climbing) or from 0

through 9 (descending). This hang-up will cause lag, the
magnitude of which will depend on the vertical velocity
of the aircraft and the friction in the altimeter.
(b) If the CODE OFF flag is visible, the encoder power is not available, the circuit breaker is not in,
or there is an internal altimeter encoder failure.
(c) If the altimeter indicator does not correspond within 70 feet of the field elevation (with proper
local barometric setting) the altimeter needs rezeroing
or there has been an internal failure.
(d) If the baroset knob binds or sticks, abnormal force should not be used to make the setting as
this may cause internal gear failure resulting in altitude
errors. Settings can sometimes be made by backing off
and turning at a slower rate.
2-63. PRESSURE ALTIMETER.

NOTE
Not applicable after MWO
55-1520-228-50-24 is applied.
A The pressure altimeter (figure 2-13) furnishes direct
readings of height above mean sea level when properly
adjusted.
2-64. ATTITUDE INDICATOR.

A The attitude indicator (figure 2-13) displays the attitude of the helicopter. The indicator is self contained and
is connected through circuit breakers on the overhead
console to the 115-volt AC bus.
C The attitude indicator (figure 2-14) displays the helicopter pitch and roll attitudes in relation to the earth
horizon. Pitch attitude is displayed by the motion of the
sphere with respect to the miniature airplane. Roll attitude is displayed by the motion of the roll pointer with
respect to the fixed roll scale. The sphere can be adjusted to zero indication by the pitch trim knob. The rate
of turn pointer indicates in which direction and at what
rate the helicopter is turning. The inclinometer indicates
when the helicopter is in trim, either in a coordinated turn
Change 11
2-46.1
TM 55-1520-228-10
or in straight and level flight. The warning flag, attitude (ATT) and rate of turn pointer provide indication of
system malfunctions. When the gyro is being caged or
when 28 Vdc power is interrupted, the ATT flag will be
in full view. The rate of turn pointer will be biased out
of view when 28 Vdc is interrupted. The circuit is powered by 28 Vdc essential bus and protected by ATTD
HRZN and ATTN TURN circuit breakers. The rate-ofturn pointer is driven by 115 VAC internal circuitry that
derives rate-of-turn from the output synchro transmitter
of the directional gyro magnetic compass.
2-65. TURN AND SLIP INDICATOR.
A. The turn and slip indicator (figure 2-13) is controlled
by a direct current electrically actuated gyro. This instrument has a needle (turn indicator) and a ball (slip
indicator). Although needle and ball are combined in
one instrument and are normally read and interpreted
together, each has its own specific function and operates independently of the other. The ball indicates when
the helicopter is in directional balance either in a turn or
in straight and level flight. If the helicopter is yawing or
slipping, the ball will be off center. The needle indicates
in which direction and at what rate the helicopter is turning.
2-66. FREE AIR TEMPERATURE INDICATOR.

The bi-metal free air temperature indicator (figure 2-13
and figure 2-14) is in the windshield, and provides a direct reading of the outside air temperature.
2-67. MAGNETIC COMPASS.
The magnetic compass (figure 2-13 and figure 2-14)
is a standard, non-stabilized, magnetic type instrument
mounted on a support which is attached to the right side
of the cabin structure forward of the pilot. The compass
is used in conjunction with a compass correction card
that is located near the compass. In aircraft with low reflective painted interior, the compass correction card will
be located in the front of the logbook.
2-68. VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR.
The vertical speed indicator (figure 2-13 and figure 2-14)
displays the helicopter ascent and descent speed in feet
2-46.2
Change 14
per minute. the indicator is actuated by the rate of atmospheric pressure change.
2-69. C. CONUS NAVIGATION SYSTEM
(AN/ARN-123).
Refer to Chapter 3.
2-70. RADAR ALTIMETER (AN/APN-209).
Refer to Chapter 3.
2-71. RADAR WARNING SYSTEM.
Refer to Chapter 3.
2-72. MISCELLANEOUS INDICATORS.
Instruments and indicators that are independent or are
linked with more than one system are the clock and master caution and warning system (figure 2-12).
a. Clock. The clock (figure 2-13 and figure 2-14)
has a sweep-second pointer and a minute totalizer hand
to indicate elapsed time. The control knob in the upper
right corner of the case starts, stops, and returns the
pointers to the 12 oclock position when actuated.
b. Caution System. The caution system (figure
2-13 and figure 2-14) is a segment wording type, consisting of a segment word warning CAUTION panel
(figure 2-19) on the lower console and a remote MASTER CAUTION segment on the instrument panel. The
purpose of the CAUTION system is to provide visual
indication suitable for day or night operation, that a fault
condition has occurred. In addition, a positive signal is
provided to illuminate the remote MASTER CAUTION
indicator. Each fault condition, as it occurs, is indicated
by A., flashing of the lettering on the segment involved
and by a flashing of the MASTER CAUTION indicator.
C., steady illumination of the lettering on the segment
involved and by a steady illumination of the MASTER
CAUTION indicator. A momentary positioning of RESET-TEST switch to RESET extinguishes the MASTER
CAUTION light so that it will illuminate for the next fault
indication; also, the fault segment will be steadily ON.
Segments will remain lighted as long as the fault condition(s) exist. Momentarily pressing the RESET-TEST
switch to TEST will check if all caution lights
are operational. Testing of the system will not change
the existing fault conditions. The BRIGHT-DIM
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-19. Warning and Caution Panels
Change 11
2-47
TM 55-1520-228-10
switch (figure 2-19) controls the brightness of the caution panel lights and the MASTER CAUTION light. The
INST LTS switch must be moved from the DIM position
before the caution panel lights can be dimmed. The
system is so designed that after each initial application
of power, the lamps will illuminate in the bright condition.
c. Warning System. The warning system consists
of five individually illuminated warning light segments
mounted in the MASTER CAUTION and warning light
panel (figure 2-19) on the instrument panel. The purpose of this system is to provide visual indication for day
or night operation that any of the five conditions or combinations thereof has occurred. Each fault condition as
it occurs is indicated by a steady illumination of the lettering on the particular segment. In addition, an audio
signal sounds when the ENGINE OUT or ROTOR RPM
segment is illuminated and the collective pitch is not in
the full down position. The warning indicator segment
remains illuminated until the fault condition is corrected.

ENGINE OUT
Engine N1 speed below

55 $ 3%
XMSN OIL PRESS
Transmission oil pressure

below 30 $ 2 psi
XMSN OIL HOT
Transmission above
110_C
ROTOR RPM
Rotor rpm below 95% $

1.4%
MASTER CAUTION
Fault condition in caution

panel
The WARNING LTS TEST switch (figure 2-13 and figure

2-14) is pressed to check for illumination of all the warning lights.
SECTION XIV. SERVICING, PARKING, AND MOORING

b. JP-5 and JP-8. These fuels contain icing inhibitors blended at the refinery. Jet A and Jet A1 are JP-5
type fuels without icing inhibitors.
2-73. SERVICING.
a. Servicing Diagram. Refer to figure 2-20 and figure 2-21.
b. Fuels, Oils, Fluids, Specifications, and Capacities. Refer to table 2-1.
c. Emergency Fuel. Aviation gasolines (MIL-G(5572) without Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) are designated as the emergency fuels to be used in this aircraft.
2-76. USE OF FUELS.

2-74. APPROVED
FLUIDS.
FUELS,
OILS,
AND
a. Fuels. Refer to table 2-2.

b. Oils. Refer to table 2-3.
c. Fluids. Refer to table 2-4.
2-75. FUEL TYPES. See table 2-2.

a. JP-4. This fuel contains icing inhibitor lended at
the refinery. Commercial Jet B is a JP-4 type fuel; its
mixture may or may not contain icing inhibitors.
2-48
Change 11
a. JP-4. There is no special limitation on the use of

JP-4 fuel, but limitations are imposed when fuels other
than JP-4 are used.
b. JP-5, JP-8, Jet A, and Jet A1. These fuels may
be added to JP-4 and to each other in any quantities.
c. Emergency Fuels. Aviation gasoline may also
be added to turbine engine fuels in any quantity. Fuel
mixtures containing any amount of Aviation Gasoline
must be recorded in the Remark Section of DA Form
2408-13-1 as an emergency fuel, noting the type of fuel,
additives, and duration of operation. The 6 hour total
engine operation limitation applies.
d. Refer to fuel operation limits, Chapter 5, when
fuels other than JP-4 are used.
TM 55-1520-228-10
1.
Tail Rotor Gearbox
12.
2.
Engine Oil Tank
13.
Deleted
3.
Grip Reservoirs
14.
Tail Rotor Gearbox Filler Cap
4.
Transmission
15.
Engine Oil Filler Cap
5.
Hydraulic Reservoir
16.
Hydraulic Filler Cap
6.
Fuel Tank Filler
17.
7.
Auxiliary Fuel Cell
18.
Fuel Cell Sump Drain Valve
8.
9.
Static Ground Receptacle

Pillow Block Reservoirs
19.
20.
Relief Valve
Fitting Lubrication (Grease Lubrication)
10.
11.
Transmission Oil Filler Cap

Transmission Oil Filter
21.
Fitting Lubrication (Grease Lubrication)
Figure2-20. Servicing Diagram
Deleted
(Sheet 1of 2)
Change 14
2-49
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-20.
2-50
Change 11
Servicing Diagram
(Sheet 2of 2)
TM 55-1520-228-10
10.
Engine Oil Tank Sight Glass
1.
Pillow Block Reservoir Grease Fittings
2.
Grip Reservoir
3.
Auxiliary Fuel Filler Cap
11.
Hydraulic Filler Cap
4.
Closed Circuit Refueling Receiver
12.
Hydraulic Sight Glass
5.
Transmission Sight Glass
13.
Static Ground Receptacle
6.
Transmission Filler Cap
14.
Fitting Lubrication (Grease Lubricated Hub)
7.
Tail Rotor Gearbox Filler Cap
15.
Relief Valve (Grease Lubricated Hub)
8.
Tail Rotor Gearbox Sight Glass
16.
Fitting Lubrication (Grease Lubricated Hub)
9.
Engine Oil Filler Cap
17.
Hydraulic Reservoir
10.1.
Deleted
Figure 2-21. Servicing Diagram

Change 14
2-51
TM 55-1520-228-10
Table 2-1.
Fuels, Oils, Fluids, Specifications, and Capacities
SYSTEM
SPECIFICATION
CAPACITY
Fuel
(Note 1)
MIL-T-5624 (JP-4)
MIL-T-5624 (JP-5)
MIL-T-83133 (JP-8)
MIL-G-5572 (without TCP) Emergency Fuel
71.5 U.S. Gal

(70.3 usable)
Fuel
(Auxiliary Fuel Cell)
(Note 1)
MIL-T-5624 (JP-4)
MIL-T-5624 (JP-5)
MIL-T-83133 (JP-8)
MIL-G-5572 (without TCP) Emergency Fuel
23.9 U.S. Gal
If DOD-L-85734 oil is added to any turbine engine or engine

lubricated gearboxes, the engine/gearbox should be drained
and flushed with proper lubricant when it becomes available.
*Lubrication oil made to MIL-L-7808 by Shell Oil Company under their part number 307, qualification number 7D-1, shall not
be used in OH-58A/C engine or helicopter systems. It contains
additives which are harmful to seals in the systems.
Engine Oil
(Note 2)
*MIL-L-7808 NATO Code is 0-148

For use in ambient temperatures below minus 32C/25 F
MIL-L-23699 NATO Code is 0-156
For use in ambient temperatures above minus 32C/25 F
11.2 U.S. Pt
*Lubrication oil made to MIL-L-7808 by Shell Oil Company under their part number 307, qualification number 7D-1, shall not
be used in OH-58A/C engine or helicopter systems. It contains
additives which are harmful to seals in the systems.
Transmission Oil
(Note 2)
2-52
Change 7

For use in ambient temperatures below minus 32C/25 F MIL-L-23699
NATO Code is 0-156
For use in ambient temperatures above minus 32C/25 F
DOD-L-85734 for use in ambient temperatures above -40C/40F
4.0 U.S. Qts.
TM 55-1520-228-10
Table 2-1. Fuels, Oils, Fluids, Specifications, and Capacities
SYSTEM
SPECIFICATION
CAPACITY
CAUTION
*Lubrication oil made to MIL-L-7808 by Shell Oil

Company under their part number 307, qualification
number 7D-1, shall not be used in OH-58A/C engine
or helicopter systems. It contains additives which
are harmful to seals in the systems.
Tail Rotor
Transmission Oil
(Note 2)

For use in ambient temperatures below minus
32_C/25_F
MIL-L-23699 NATO Code is 0-156
For use in ambient temperatures above minus
32_C/25_F
DOD-L-85734 for use in ambient temperatures
above -40_C/40_F
Deleted
WARNING
Prolonged contact with hydraulic fluid liquid or mist
can irritate eyes and skin. After any prolonged
contact with skin, immediately wash contacted area
with soap and water. If liquid contacts eyes, flush
immediately with clear water. If liquid is swallowed,
do not induce vomiting; get immediate medical
attention. Wear rubber gloves when handling liquid.
If prolonged contact with mist is likely, wear an
appropriate respirator. When fluid is decomposed by
heating, toxic gases are released.
Hydraulic Fluid
MIL-H-5606 (Note 3)
Reservoir
MIL-H-83282 (Note 4)
Fill to overfill lip in reservoir
NOTE
1. See Chapter 5 for operating limits.
2. When oil is mixed or changed from one type to the other enter on DA Form 2408-13-1. Oil shall be
drained and system serviced with approved oil within six hours of operation.
3. For use in ambient temperatures below -40_F.
4. Mixing of hydraulic fluids is authorized only in emergency situations. An entry in the remarks section of
DA Form 2408-13-1 is required.
5. The temperature limitations of DOD-L-85734 oil are identical to that of MIL-L-23699. It should be noted
that DOD-L-85734 oil is a direct replacement for MIL-L-23699 oil, and not for MIL-L-7808 oil.
Change 11
2-53
TM 55-1520-228-10
Table 2-2. Approved Fuels

SOURCE
US MILITARY
NATO CODE NO.
COMMERCIAL FUEL
ASTM-D-1655
American Oil Co.
Atlantic Richfield
Richfield Div
B.P. Trading
Caltex Petroleum Corp.
Cities Service Co.
Continental Oil Co.
Gulf Oil
EXXON Co. USA
Mobile Oil
Phillips Petroleum
Shell Oil
Sinclair
Standard Oil Co.
Chevron
Texaco
Union OIl
JP-4 (MIL-T-5624)
F40 (WIDE CUT TYPE)
JP-5 (MIL-T-5624) OR JP-8 (MIL-T-83133)

F-44 OR F-34 (HIGH FLASH TYPE)
JET B
JET A
American JP-4
Arcojet B
American Type A
Arcojet A
Richfield A
B.P.A.T.C.
Caltex Jet B
Conoco JP-4
Gulf Jet B
EXXON Turbo Fuel B
Mobil Jet B
Philijet JP-4
Aeroshell JP-4
Chevron B
Texaco Avjet B
Union JP-4
FOREIGN FUEL
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
France
Germany (West)
NATO F-40
BA-PF-2B
3GP-22F
JP-4 MIL-T-5624
Air 3407A
VTL-9130-006
Greece
Italy
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Turkey
United Kingdom
(Britain)
JP-4 MIL-T-5624
AA-M-C-1421
JP-4 MIL-T-5624
JP-4 MIL-T-5624
JP-4 MIL-T-5624
JP-4 MIL-T-5624
D. Eng Rd 2454
CITGO A
Conoco Jet-50
Gulf Jet A
EXXON A
Mobil Jet A
Philijet A-50
Aeroshell 640
Superjet A
Jet A Kerosene
Chevron A-50
Avjet A
76 Turbine Fuel
JET A-1
NATO F-34
Arcojet A-1
Richfield A-1
B.P.A.T.K.
Caltex Jet A-1
conoco Jet-60
Gulf Jet A-1
EXXON A-1
Mobil Jet A-1
Aeroshell 650
Superjet A-1
Jet A-1 Kerosene
Jet A-1
Avjet A-1
NATO F-44
3-6P-24e
UTL-9130-007/UTL-9130010
AMC-143
D. Eng Rd 2493
D. Eng Rd 2498
NOTE
Anti-icing and Biocidal Additive for Commercial Turbine Engine Fuel - The fuel system icing inhibitor
shall conform to MIL-I-27686. The additive provides anti-icing protection and also functions as a
biocide to kill microbial growths in aircraft fuel systems. Icing inhibitor conforming to MIL-I-27686 shall
be added to commercial fuel, not containing an icing inhibitor, during refueling operations, regardless
of ambient temperatures. Refueling operations shall be accomplished in accordance with accepted
commercial procedures. This additive (prist or ec.) is not available in the Army Supply System, but will
be locally procured when needed.
2-54
Change 7
TM 55-1520-228-10
Table 2-3.
Approved Oils
APPROVED COMMERCIAL MIL-L-7808 TYPE OILS

MANUFACTURERS NAME
American Oil and Supply Co.
Humble Oil and Refining Co.
Mobil Oil Corp.
MANUFACTURERS DESIGNATION
PQ Turbine Oil 8365
ESSO/ENCO Turbo Oil 2389
RM-184A/RM-201A
Do not use Shell Oil Co., Part No 307, Qualification No. 7D-1 oil (MIL-L-7808). It can be harmful to seals
made of silicone.
APPROVED COMMERCIAL MIL-L-23699 TYPE OILS

MANUFACTURERS NAME
PQ Turbine Lubricant 5247/6423/6700/7731/8878/9595
Bray Oil Co.
Brayco 899/899-G/899-S
Castrol Oil Co.
Castrol 205
Chevron International Oil Co., Inc
Jet Engine Oil 5
Crew Chemical Corp.
STO-21919/STO-21919A/STD 6530
W.R. Grace and Co. (Hatco Chemical Div.)
HATCOL 3211/3611
Exxon
Turbo Oil 2380 (WS-6000)/2395 (WS-6459)/2392/2393
Mobile Oil Corp.

Royal Lubricants Co.
RM-139A/RM-147A/Avrex S
Turbo 260/Avrex S Turbo 265
Royco 899 (C-915)/899SC/Stauffer Jet II
Shell Oil Co., Inc.
Aeroshell Turbine Oil 500
Shell International Petroleum Co., Ltd.
Aeroshell Turbine Oil 550
Standard Oil Co., of California
Chevron Jet Engine Oil 5
Stauffer Chemical Co.
Stauffer 6924/Jet II
Texaco, Inc.
SATO 7377/7730 TL-8090
Royal Lubricants Co., Inc.
Aeroshell/Royco Turbine Oil 500
Castrol Endurance Tech.
Castrol 5050
APPROVED COMMERCIAL DOD-L-85734 TYPE OILS
MANUFACTURERS NAME
Exxon Company, USA
ARPOL Petroleum Co.
Royco Turbine Oil 555
Exxon Turbo Oil 25
Arpolube 85734
Change 12
2-55
TM 55-1520-228-10
Table 2-4. Approved Fluids

APPROVED COMMERCIAL MIL-H-5606 TYPE FLUIDS
MANUFACTURER'S NAME
MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION
American Oil and Supply Co
"PO" 4226
Bray Oil Co
Brayco 757B
Brayco 756C
Brayco 756D
Castrol Oils, Inc.
Hyspin A
Humble Oil and Refining Co.
Univis J41
Mobile Oil Corp
Aero HFB
Pennsylvania Refining Co
Petrofluid 5606B
Petrofluid 4607
Royco 756C/D
DS-437
Shell Oil Co.
XSL 7828
Standard Oil Co., of California
PED 3565
PED 3337
Texaco, Inc.
TL-5874
Stauffer Chemical Co.
Aero Hydroil 500
Union Carbide Chemical Co.
YT-283
Union Carbide Corp.
FP-221
NOTE
Mixing of hydraulic fluids is authorized only in emergency situations. An entry in

the remarks section of DA Form 2408-13 is required.
APPROVED COMMERCIAL MIL-H-83282 TYPE FLUIDS
MANUFACTURER'S NAME
Bray Oil Co
MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION
Micronic 882
Royal Lubricants Co
Royco 782
Hanover Processing Co.
Hanover R-2
HF 832
2-56
TM 55-1520-228-10
Table 2-4.
Approved Fluids Continued
APPROVED COMMERCIAL MIL-H-83282 TYPE FLUIDS (cont)

MANUFACTURERS NAME
Gulf Oil Chemicals Co.
TS 741
Penreco
Petrofluid 822
Shell International Petroleum Co.
Aeroshell Fluid 31
PQ3883
PQ4219
PQ4268
PQ4362C
PQ4401
NYCO S.A.
Hydraunycoil FH2
Emery Industries, Inc.
Emery 2946
Hatco Chemical Co.
Hatcol 4283
Prolonged contact with liquid or mist can irritate eyes and skin. After any prolonged contact with skin,
immediately wash contacted area with soap and water. If liquid contacts eyes, flush immediately with
clear water. If liquid is swallowed, do not induce vomiting; get immediate medical attention. Wear rubber
gloves when handling liquid. If prolonged contact with mist is likely, wear an appropriate respirator. When
fluid is decomposed by heating, toxic gases are released.
NOTE
Mixing of hydraulic fluids is authorized only in emergency situations. An entry in the Remarks Section of
DA Form 2408-13 is required.
Table 2-4.1 HAS BEEN DELETED.
Change 11
2-57
TM 55-1520-228-10
2-77. FUEL SYSTEM SERVICING. (POWER OFF)

a. Precaution.
NOTE
Servicing personnel shall comply with all safety
precautions and procedures in FM 10-67-1.
(1) Be sure battery switch is in OFF position and
external power is disconnected before fueling or defueling the helicopter.
(2) Ground the helicopter at the receptacle located adjacent to the filler cap on the helicopter to the
filler-nozzle before removing filler cap.
(3) Servicing unit shall be grounded (servicing
unit to ground and servicing unit to helicopter). The helicopter should be grounded to the same ground point as
is the servicing unit.
(4) After completion of servicing, remove nozzle, reinstall cap and disconnect all grounds from helicopter. Wash down and remove any spillover of jet fuel.
This fuel does not evaporate as rapidly as gasoline, and
constitutes a fire hazard for a much longer time. Cleaning materials or clothing which have become saturated
with jet fuel shall be disposed of well away from the helicopter or hangar.
b. Servicing.
Internal fuel cell hoses and clamps can be

jarred loose with fuel nozzles. Insert nozzle
carefully in a generally downward direction,
avoiding contact with internal fuel hoses. Fuel
nozzles must be hand held during servicing.
(1) Fill tank cells with specified fuel. Refer to
table 2-1.
In the event of major spillage of fuel, all powered

equipment will be shut down. All personnel will
leave the vicinity and be positioned to prevent
any sources of possible ignition from entering
area. The fire department will be summoned to
the area to render safety.
NOTE
Settling time for AVGAS is 15 minutes per foot
of tank depth and one hour per foot depth for
jet (JP) fuels. Allow the fuel to settle for the
prescribed period before any fuel samples are
taken. (Approximately three hours for JP fuel.)
(2)
Refer to 2-1 for fuel tank capacity.
c. Closed Circuit Refueling.
The closed circuit refueling receptacle is subject

to damage at the gravity refueling port. Refer
to figure 2-22. This damage can cause external fuel leakage during subsequent closed circuit refueling operations. To preclude damage
to the receptacle, the closed circuit nozzle will
be used if possible when refueling. If, however,
the receptacle has been previously damaged
and leakage occurs, the following must be observed:
Closed circuit refueling operations with a leaking receptacle shall be discontinued. Gravity refueling method shall be used until the receptacle
can be replaced or repaired.
NOTE
If the nozzles do not reduce the fuel pressure to
less than 25.5 PSIG, the receiver is designed to
shut off fuel flow.
(1) Ground the helicopter at the receptacle located adjacent to the filler cap on the helicopter to the
filler-nozzle and remove filler cap.
2-58
Change 14
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-22. Gravity Refueling With Closed Circuit Receiver
2-59
TM 55-1520-228-10
(2)
Ensure that gravity refueling port is
closed. If not, rotate inner sleeve counterclockwise until
gravity refueling port is closed and flange of sleeve is in
contact with rivet at base or receiving cylinder. Refer to
figure 2-23.
d.
Gravity Refueling.
(1)
Ground the helicopter at the receptacle located adjacent to the filler cap on the helicopter to the
(2)
Rotate inner sleeve clockwise until sleeve
clears port in bottom of fuel receiver. Refer to figure
2-23.
Ensure that servicing unit pressure is not above

125 PSI while refueling.
(3)
Insert fueling nozzle into receiver and actuate automatic nozzle lever to ON or FLOW position.
Pin at base of nozzle will momentarily indicate when fuel
flow stops.
(4)
Fuel flow will automatically shut off when
normal fuel level is reached. Just prior to normal shut off,
fuel flow may cycle several times as fuel level is reached.
Gage on servicing unit will indicate when flow is stopped.
(5)
When fuel flow has stopped, actuate lever
on nozzle to OFF, disconnect nozzle from receiver and
replace filler cap.
(6)
Disconnect fuel nozzle ground and rewind
hose assembly.
(7)
copter.
Disconnect servicing unit ground at heli-
(3)
Position nozzle into port of fuel receiver.
(4)
Fill to specified level.
(5)
Remove nozzle and rotate inner sleeve
counterclockwise until gravity refueling port is closed
and flange of inner sleeve is in contact with rivet at base
of receiver cylinder.
(6)
Reinstall filler cap.
(7)
Disconnect fuel nozzle ground and rewind
(8)
copter.
Disconnect servicing unit ground at heli-
hose.
(9)
Disconnect servicing unit ground at
grounding stake.
2-78. FUEL SYSTEM SERVICING. (RAPID (HOT)
REFUELING).
WARNING
(8)
grounding stake.
When it is determined that rapid (hot) refueling is required (prescribed in FM 1068), proper
grounding of aircraft must be accomplished.
a.
If helicopter is equipped with closed circuit
refueling system and fuel servicing unit is not
equipped with related nozzle for closed circuit
refuelling, a gravity system may be used providing the servicing nozzle does not exceed
1.75 inches outside diameter. To refuel utilizing
the gravity nozzle, it is necessary to position
the inner sleeve of receiver until slot is lined
up with fuel port in bottom of receiver. Position
nozzle into port in order to bypass closed circuit refueling system if caution is not used to
prevent damage to inner sleeve of receiver at
fuel port through improper use of nozzle.
2-60
Change 12
Precautions.
NOTE
Servicing personnel shall comply with all safety

precautions and procedures in FM 1068.
NOTE
If the nozzles do not reduce the fuel pressure to
less than 25.5 PSIG, the receiver is designed to
shut off fuel flow.
(1)
Ground the helicopter at the receptacle located adjacent to the filler cap on the helicopter to the
filler-nozzle before removing filler cap.
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-23. Refueling Receptacle
Change 11
2-61
TM 55-1520-228-10
(2) Servicing unit shall be grounded (servicing

unit to ground and servicing unit to helicopter). The helicopter should be grounded to the same ground point as
is the servicing unit.
(3) After completion of servicing, remove
nozzle, reinstall cap, and disconnect all grounds from
helicopter.
b. Servicing.
(1) Fill tank cells with specified fuel. Refer to
table 2-1.
(2)
Refer to table 2-1 for fuel tank capacity.
c. Before Rapid (Hot) Refueling:
WARNING
Only emergency radio transmission
should be made during rapid
refueling. In case of aircraft fire,
observe fire emergency procedures
in Chapter 9. Do not attempt to fly the
aircraft.
(1)
Minimum crew will remain at the controls.
(2)
Throttle - Idle.
(3)
Force Trim - ON or controls frictioned.
(4) Passengers shall depart the aircraft and remain clear of the helicopter.
(5)
No smoking allowed during refueling opera-
tions.
(6) A crew member, if available, should observe
the refueling operation (performed by authorized refueling personnel) and stand fire guard as required.
d. During Rapid (Hot) Refueling.
(1) Closed Circuit Refueling.
(a) Ground the helicopter at the receptacle
located adjacent to the filler cap on the helicopter to the
(b) Ensure that gravity refueling port is
closed. If not, rotate inner sleeve counterclockwise until
gravity refueling port is closed and flange of sleeve is in
contact with rivet at base of receiver cylinder. Refer to
figure 2-23.
2-62
CAUTION
Ensure that servicing unit pressure
is not above 125 PSI while refueling.
(c) Insert fueling nozzle into receiver and
actuate automatic nozzle lever to ON or FLOW position.
Pin at base of nozzle will momentarily indicate when fuel
flow stops.
(d) Fuel flow will automatically shut off
when normal fuel level is reached. Just prior to normal
shut off, fuel flow may cycle several times as fuel level
is reached. Gage on servicing unit will indicate when
flow is stopped.
(e) When fuel flow has stopped, actuate
lever on nozzle to OFF, disconnect nozzle from receiver
and replace filler cap.
(f) Disconnect fuel nozzle ground and rewind hose assembly.
(g)
Disconnect servicing unit ground at he-
licopter.
(h) Disconnect servicing unit ground at
grounding stake.
CAUTION
If helicopter is equipped with closed

circuit refueling system and fuel
servicing unit is not equipped with
related nozzle for closed circuit
refueling, a gravity system may be
used providing the servicing nozzle
does not exceed 1.75 inches outside
diameter. To refuel utilizing the
gravity nozzle, it is necessary to
positon the inner sleeve of receiver
until slot is lined up with fuel port in
bottom of receiver. Position nozzle
into port in order by bypass closed
circuit valve. Damage could result to
the closed circuit refueling system if
caution is not used to prevent
damage to inner sleeve of receiver at
fuel port through improper use of
nozzle.
TM 55-1520-228-10
(2)
Gravity Refueling.
2-79.
ENGINE OIL SYSTEM SERVICING.
(a)
Ground helicopter at receptacle located
adjacent to filler cap on helicopter to filler-nozzle and
remove filler cap.
(b)
Rotate inner sleeve clockwise until
sleeve clears port in bottom of fuel receiver. Refer to
figure 2-23.
(c)
Position nozzle into port of fuel re-
(d)
Fill to specified level.
ceiver.
(e)
Remove nozzle and rotate inner sleeve
counterclockwise until gravity refueling port is closed
and flange of inner sleeve is in contact with rivet at base
of receiver cylinder.
(f)
Reinstall filler cap.
(g)
rewind hose.
Disconnect fuel nozzle ground and
(h)
rewind hose.
Disconnect fuel nozzle ground and
(i)
grounding stake.
e.
An engine high oil level coupled with a transmission low oil level condition indicates a possible
failure of engine gearbox seal(s) which is allowing oil to transfer from the transmission through
the freewheeling unit.
Engine oil tank is located aft of engine and oil cooler fan.
Oil level is checked by a trapped ball sight gage on tank
(figure 2-20 and figure 2-21). Ball must be seen floating
in oil for safe oil level. Refer to table 2-1 for authorized
oil.
2-80. TRANSMISSION AND GEARBOX OIL
SYSTEM SERVICING.
a. Transmission. A sight glass located on transmission housing (Figure 2-20 and Figure 2-21) is used
to check oil level in transmission. Oil level must be visible in sight glass. If oil is visible, additional oil is not
required. If oil is not visible in sight glass, add oil to center dot only. Refer to table 2-1 for authorized oil.
b. Gearbox. A sight glass is provided for ease in
checking oil level. Refer to table 2-1 for authorized oil.
Fill to the line for standard gear. Fill to 1/8inch below
line when high gear or floats are installed.
After Rapid Refueling.

2-81.
(1)
The pilot shall be advised by the refueling
crew that fuel cap(s) are secure and ground cable have
been removed.
(2)
aircraft.
f.
Crew members and passengers can enter
Defueling and Draining.
(1)
Remove fuel cap; rotate inner sleeve
clockwise until end of sleeve clears port in bottom of
fuel receiver.
(2)
Insert a suction pickup from a defueler vehicle into fuel filler opening and remove all possible fuel.
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM SERVICING.
The hydraulic reservoir (figure 2-20 and figure 2-21) is

located on forward side of transmission. A sight glass
with ball float or line level is provided to determine low
quantity of fluid in reservoir. Fill to overflow lip in reservoir. Refer to table 2-1 for authorized fluid.
2-82. BLADE GRIPS AND PILLOW BLOCKS
SERVICING.
Grease Lubricated Hub. Blade grips and pillow blocks
on main rotor hub are lubricated with grease through
lubrication fittings. The grips have a relief valve located
on each pitch horn.
(3)
To complete defueling, drain remaining
fuel into a suitable container by opening fuel cell sump
drain.
Change 12
2-63
TM 55-1520-228-10
2-83. GROUND HANDLING.

Towing. Tow rings are provided on forward inboard
portion of each landing gear skid (figure 2-24) for attachment of a standard aircraft tow bar. Helicopter is towed
on ground handling wheel assemblies mounted on the
landing skids.
2-84. PARKING.
2-86. MOORING.
CAUTION
Structural damage can occur from
flying objects during high wind
conditions. Helicopter should be
hangared or evacuated to a safe
weather area when wind conditions
above 50 knots are expected.
CAUTION
a. Retract ground handling wheels and allow helicopter to rest on skid type landing gear.
b. Install main rotor blade tie-down (figure 2-24).
c. Install engine air inlet shield assemblies in engine inlets and covers on engine exhausts.
2-85. COVERS.
a. Engine Inlet and Pitot Tube. An engine inlet

and pitot cover (figure 2-24) is provided to prevent entrance of dust etc., into engine inlet and pitot system
when helicopter is parked. When stowed in helicopter,
stow engine inlet shields and pitot covers securely in
helicopter cabin only.
b. Engine Exhaust. Individual covers (figure 2-24)

are provided for exhaust stacks to prevent entrance of
foreign objects into engine exhaust when helicopter is
parked. When stowed in helicopter, stow engine exhaust covers securely in helicopter cabin only.
c. Main Rotor Tie-Down.

NOTE
Ensure strap side of main rotor tie-down
boot is on top side of blade and drain
hole is positioned at bottom of blade.
A rotor tie-down (figure 2-24) is provided for use in mooring the aft main rotor blade. The tie-down prevents the
rotor from see-sawing when the helicopter is parked.
When stowed in helicopter, stow rotor tie-down securely
in helicopter cabin only.
2-64
Change 11
The mooring hardware is to be

carried in the flyaway kit. Flying the
OH-58 with mooring hardware
installed may result in damage to
aircrafts honeycomb surface. Retain
all installation hardware together for
each separate OH-58A/C helicopters;
due to wear, the bushings may not be
interchangeable. For additional
information,
refer
to
TM
1-1500-250-23-1.
a. If a paved ramp with suitable tie-down rings is
available, positon the aircraft on the mooring pad with
the longitudinal centerline of the aircraft directly above
and parallel to longitudinal axis of pad as shown in figure
2-25. The forward mooring rings are to be located 5 feet
4 inches aft of first mooring point as shown.
NOTE
It will be necessary to attach a mooring
clevis to each of the three jack/mooring
points. The clevis provided with the aircraft will not be large enough to accept
the hooks on the mooring chains provided with mooring pad. Mooring rings
are to be installed on aircraft as shown
in figure 2-25.
b. Place the hook-ends of mooring chains into the
appropriate clevis rings. Adjust the chains using the
adjusting devices provided on the mooring pad. Chains
should be adjusted to a point where the slack has been
removed.
c. If suitable spaced ramp tie-downs are not available, park the helicopter on an unpaved parking area
headed in the direction from which the highest forecast
winds are expected and retract ground handling wheels.
Use mooring anchors to make dead man anchors.
Moor helicopter as described in step a.
TM 55-1520-228-10
2-86.1. ROTOR BLADE TIE-DOWN.

CAUTION
Secure the tie-down ropes carefully.
Do not damage the skin by flipping
the strap weights around the
tailboom.
NOTE
Ensure that strap side of main rotor tiedown boot is on top side of blade and
drain hole is positioned at bottom of
blade.
a. To tie-down the aft blade, securely tie the straps
of the boot to the 1/2 inch polyester rope near the boot.
Ensure the ropes are long enough to cross and tie in
position.
b. The forward blade shall also be tied down using
the same boot strap/rope arrangement device. The
ropes shall be routed between the base and side support struts of the forward lower cutter and tied at the rear
of the base. In the final tie-position the blades must be
in a level position.
c. Install covers on pitot tube, engine exhaust, and
engine inlets.
d. An alternate method of installing pitot and engine inlet covers will aid in preventing marring and
scratching of windshields and is accomplished as follows:
(1) Route strap from pitot tube through lower

front edge of pilot door near lower hinge, and then out
the top edge of door to engine air inlets.
(2) Cut strap connecting pitot cover to engine
shields strap at both ends. Pitot tube cover may be held
in place with the nylon cord and/or a scrapped packing
of proper diameter. If a packing is used, it may be permanently attached to pitot tube cover to prevent its loss
when the cover is removed. The strap connecting the
engine shields should also be shortened.
e. Position collective control full down, and tighten
friction.
f. Center cyclic control and tighten friction.
g. Close all windows, doors, and access panels.
h. Fill fuel tank to capacity with prescribed fuel.
i. Secure all ground handling equipment.
2-87. MOORING - FLOAT EQUIPPED HELICOPTER.
Float equipped helicopters may be moored using same

procedures as are used for skid gear equipped helicopters. Surface of mooring area must be smooth and free
of any objects which may damage or penetrate floats.
Change 10
2-65
TM 55-1520-228-10
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Pitot Tube Cover

Forward Jacking and Tiedown Fitting
Exhaust Covers
Aft Jacking and Tiedown Fitting
Main Rotor Blade Tiedown
6.
7.
8.
9.
Tail Rotor Tiedown

Engine Air Inlet Shield
Ground Handling Gear
Towing Ring
Figure 2-24. Ground Handling Equipment, Covers, Rotor Tiedowns, and Mooring Diagram
2-66
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 2-25. Paved Surface Mooring Configuration (OH-58A/C)
Change 11
2-67/(2-68 blank)
TM 55-1520-228-10
CHAPTER 3
AVIONICS
3-1. GENERAL.
3-3. NOMENCLATURE
NAMES.
AND
COMMON
This chapter contains all information relevant to the

avionics equipment installed in the Army Model
OH-58A/C helicopter. Included information consists of
description, technical characteristics, capability, location of each major component and operation instructions for the system.
Avionics equipment installed in the helicopter, with common names, use, and operational range, is presented in
Table 3-1. Antenna locations are shown in figure 3-1.
3-4. DELETED.
3-5. POWER SUPPLY.
3-2. DELETED.
Refer to figure 2-18.
Table 3-1. Communications and Associated Electronics Equipment

NOMENCLATURE
COMMON NAME
USE
RANGE
Communication
System Control
C-6533/ARC
Communication
Control
Interphone for pilot

and crew, Integrates
all communication
equipment
Stations within helicopter.
Radio Set
AN/ARC-114FM
FM Radio Set
Two-way Voice
Communications in
frequency range of
30.00 to 75.95 MHz
Line of sight
Radio Set
AN/ARC-114A
VHF-FM
FM Radio
Two-way Voice
Communications in
frequency range of
30.00 to 75.95 MHz
Line of sight
Radio Set
AN/ARC-115 VHF-AM
VHF Radio Set
Two-way Voice
Communication in the
frequency range of
116.00 to 149.975 MHz
Line of sight
Radio Set
AN/ARC-116 UHF-AM
(or AN/ARC-164)
UHF Radio Set
Two-way Voice
Communications in the
frequency range of
225.00 to 399.95 MHz
Line of sight
Direction Finder/Set
AN/ARN-89
ADF
Radio Range
Navigation and
position fixing
Automatic direction
finding and homing
in the frequency
range of 100 to
3,000 KHz
150 to 200 miles

average depending
on terrain
interference
noise
Change 11
3-1
TM 55-1520-228-10
Table 3-1. Communications and Associated Electronics Equipment (Cont)

NOMENCLATURE
COMMON NAME
USE
RANGE
Communication
Security Set
TSEC/KY-58
Secure-Voice
encoder-decoder
In conjunction with FM
radio set to provide secure
two-way voice communication
Gyromagnetic
Compass Set
AN/ASN-43
Gyromagnetic
Compass
Navigational Aid
provides accurate
heading information
Transponder Set
AN/APX-72
Transponder Set
Transmit a special
coded reply to
ground based IFF
radar interrogator
system
Radio Set
AN/ARN-123(V)1 C
Conus
Navigation
Receiver
With appropriate
instrumentation
provides: VHF omnidirectional range
(VOR), localizer
(LOC), glideslope
(GS), and marker
beacon (MB) position
information
Line of sight
Radar Altimeter
AN/APN-209
Radar
Altimeter
Provides altitude
indication above
terrain. Permits
selected altitude
limits and visual
warning when
altitude is above
or below selected
limits
0 to 1500 feet
above terrain.
Transponder Set
AN/APX-100 C
IFF Transponder
Radio
Transmits a special
coded reply for
radar interrogator
systems.
Line of sight
3-2
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
Table 3-1. Communications and Associated Electronics Equipment (Cont)

NOMENCLATURE
COMMON NAME
USE
RANGE
Indicator,
Heading-Radio
Bearing
ID-1351C/A
RHBI
Provides magnetic
heading, VOR or
ADF bearing, and
homing information.
Indicator,
Course
Deviation
ID-1347C/ARN
CDI
Provides VOR
course deviation,
localizer and
glideslope signal
information.
Command Radio
Set Control
C-6287
Control/Indicator
C-6287
Secure-Voice
Control
Indicator
Control/Indicator
C-8157/ARC
Computer Kit
1A/TSEC
IFF Computer
Radar Warning
AN/APR-39
Radar Warning
Set
Visual and Audible

Warning when a
high radar threat
environment is
encountered.
Line of sight
SINCGARS
Radio Set
AN/ARC-201
FM Radio Set
Two-way Voice
Communications in
frequency range of
30 to 87.975 MHz.
Line of sight
IFM Amplifier
AM-7189/A
FM RF Amplifier
Improves FM
communication during
NOE flight envelopes.
Line of sight
Change 14
3-3
TM 55-1520-228-10
1.
Antenna, Radar Warning Fwd Right Side
11.
Antenna, Radar Warning Fwd Left Side
2.
Deleted
12.
Deleted
3.
Antenna, FM
13.
Antenna, ADF Sense
4.
Antenna, Glideslope
14.
Antenna, ADF Loop
5.
Antenna, Top Transponder
15.
Antenna, Radar Warning Blade
6.
Antenna, VOR Right Side
16.
Antenna, Radar Altimeter
7.
Antenna, VHF/FM
17.
Antenna, Radar Altimeter C.
8.
Antenna, VOR Left Side
18.
Antenna, Bottom Transponder A.
9.
Antenna, Radar Warning Aft Side Shown,
19.
Antenna, UHF
Aft Right Side Opposite
20.
Antenna, Bottom Transponder
10.
Antenna, FM Homing Left Side Shown

Right Side Opposite
Figure 3-1. Antenna Locations
3-4
Change 14
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION I. COMMUNICATIONS
3-6. COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM CONTROL, C-6533/ARC.
3-7. DESCRIPTION COMMUNICATIONS
SYSTEM CONTROL.
VHF/FM COMM and are installed in the center console.

Antenna location is located as shown in figure 3-1.
3-12. CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS VHF/

FM RADIO SET.
The communications system control, C-6533/ARC (figure 3-2) provides an intercommunicates capability and
control of radio communications. Two of the control panels are installed on the instrument panel, one each for
the pilot is installed on the right side overhead in the
passenger compartment. The control panels may be
used in any one of three different modes as determined
by the setting of switches and controls on the panel.
3-8. CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM CONTROL.

3-9. OPERATING PROCEDURES COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM CONTROL.

a. Modes of Operation. The three modes of operation are two-way radio communication, radio receiver monitoring, and intercommunications within the
helicopter.
NOTE
When transmitting and/or receiving on
VHF (FM) in secure mode, do not key or
transmit simultaneously on any other
transmitter.
3-13. OPERATING PROCEDURES VHF/

FM RADIO SET.
a. Transmit/Receive.
(1)
Function selector - As desired.
(2)
Frequency - Select.
(3)
RCVR TEST - Press to test.
(4)
AUDIO - Adjust.
(5)
Transmit.
(a) Transmit-Interphone selector - Number

1 position (Number 5 position for second FM set).
(b)
RADIO transmit switch - Press.
b. Homing.
b. Operation.
NOTE
FM homing capability is not provided for
ATAS equipped helicopters.
(1)
Receiver switches - As desired.
(2)
VOLume control - Adjust.
(1)
Function selector - HOMING.
(3)
HOT MIKE switch - As desired.
(2)
AUDIO - Adjust.
(4)
Transmit-Interphone Selector - As required.
3-10. VHF/FM RADIO SET.

3-11. DESCRIPTION VHF/FM RADIO
SET.
The AN/ARC-114 and AN/ARC-114A radio sets provide
two-way frequency modulated (FM) narrow band voice
communications and homing capability (Number one
unit only) within frequency range of 30.00 to 75.95 MHz
on 920 channels for a 50-mile distance as limited by line
of sight. A guard receiver incorporated in the set is fixed
tuned to 40.50 MHz. Retransmission of voice, CW or
X-mode communications is possible when a second set
is installed in the helicopter. The radio sets are marked
(3) Observe homing indications on the radio

bearing heading indicator.
c. Retransmission.
NOTE
Crew transmission may also be made
while in RETRAN mode.
(1)
Frequencies - Select (Both FM sets).

NOTE
Frequencies must have a minimum of
five MHz difference, such as 30.00 MHz
and 35.00 MHz.
(2) Communications - Establish with each facility by selecting number 1 position and then number 5
position on the Transmit-Interphone selector.
Change 11
3-5
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
1.
Receiver Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FUNCTION
Connect (ON) or disconnect (OFF) communications receivers from the headsets.
1-FM
2-UHF
3-VHF
4-Not used
5-FM (When second FM set is installed)
2.
AUX Receiver Switch
Not Used
Connects (ON), or disconnects (OFF), VOR set receiver

ARN-123(V)1 from the headset. C
3.
NAV Receiver Switch
Connects (ON) or disconnects (OFF) navigation receiver

ARN-89 from the headset.
4.
HOT MIKE Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Permits hand-free intercommunications regardless of the

position of the transmit-interphone selector.
Permits hand-free intercommunications with transmit-interphone selector in the ICS position. C
5.
VOL Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjust volume from receivers. Adjust intercommunications

volume.
6.
Transmit-Interphone Selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selects transmitter to be keyed and connects microphone to

transmitter.
1-FM
2-UHF
3-VHF
4-Not used
5-FM (When second FM set is installed)
ICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connects the microphone to the intercommunications system

only, disconnecting microphone from transmitters.
206075-256
Figure 3-2. Communications System Control Panel C-6533/ARC
3-6
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
FUNCTION
1. Function Selector
OFF
Power off.
T/R
Receiver-On; Transmitter-Standby.
T/R GUARD
Receiver-On; Transmitter-Standby; Guard Receiver-On.

NOTE: Reception on guard frequency is unaffected by frequencies selected for normal communications.
HOMING
Activates the homing mode and display on the radio bearing heading indicator. May
be used also for normal voice communications.
RETRAN
Activates the retransmission mode when second FM set is installed in the aircraft.
May be used also for normal voice communications.
2. Frequency Selectors
Left Selector
Selects first two digits of desired frequency.
Right Selector
Selects third and fourth digits of desired frequency.
3. RCVR TEST
When pressed, audible signal indicates proper receiver performance.
4. AUDIO
Adjusts receiver volume.
5. SQUELCH
Squelch control adjusted by maintenance personnel only.
6. SQUELCH
OFF
Disables squelch.
NOISE
Activates noise squelch.
TONE/X
Activates tone squelch for secure voice mode.
7. AUDIO
Adjusts receiver volume. Control is set to white RETRAN segment for proper audio
output during retransmission operations.
206075-257A
Figure 3-3. AN/ARC-114 and AN/ARC-114A Control Panel
Change 10
3-7
TM 55-1520-228-10
(3)
Function selectors - RETRAN (Both FM
sets).
(4) Receiver switches - Number 1 and number
5 positions as desired for monitoring.
d. Stopping Procedures. Function Selector OFF.
3-14. VHF/AM RADIO SET (AN/ARC-115).

3-15. DESCRIPTION VHF/AM RADIO SET
(AN/ARC-115).
The ARC-115 (figure 3-4) provides two-way VHF amplitude modulated (AM) narrow band voice communications within the frequency range 116.00 to 149.975 MHz
on 1360 channels for a distance range of approximately
50 miles line of sight. A guard receiver is incorporated
in the set and is fixed tuned to 121.50 MHz. The radio set
is marked VHF AM COMM and is mounted on the left
side of the instrument panel. Antenna installation is
shown in figure 3-1.
within the frequency range of 225.00 to 399.95 MHz on

3500 channels for a distance of approximately 50 miles
as limited by conditions. A guard receiver is incorporated in the set and is fixed tuned to 243.00 MHz. Both
receivers are disabled during transmitter operation. The
radio set is marked UHF AM COMM and is mounted in
the bottom center section of the instrument panel. The
UHF radio transmitter and main receiver operate on the
same frequency and are simultaneously tuned by frequency selector knobs on the panel. The set utilizes
position number 2 of the C-6533/ARC intercommunications control panel. The AN/ARC-164 provides for
twenty preset channels in addition to the manual selection of channels. Preset selection is accomplished by
positioning the mode switch to PRESET and function
selector to MAIN. Select the desired frequency with the
frequency selector knobs and press the PRESET pushbutton located under the access cover upper left portion
of radio.
3-20. CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS UHF/

AM RADIO SET (AN/ARC-116 or AN/
ARC-164).
3-16. CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS VHF/

AM RADIO SET (AN/ARC-115).
Refer to figures 3-5 and 3-6.
3-21. OPERATING PROCEDURE UHF/AM

RADIO SET (AN/ARC-116).
3-17. OPERATING PROCEDURES VHF/

NOTE
Determined by radio set serial number
the following channels of the AN/
ARC-116 Radio Set are degraded and
unusable as communication frequencies.
(1)
(2)
Frequency - Select.
(3)
(4)
AUDIO - Adjust.
(5)
Transmit.
(a) Transmit-interphone selector - Number

1 or Number 5 position, as desired.
(b)
RADIO transmit switch - PRESS.
b. Stopping Procedure. Function Selector - OFF.
3-18. UHF/AM RADIO SET (AN/ARC-116 or

AN/ARC-164).
3-19. DESCRIPTION UHF/AM RADIO SET
(AN/ARC-116 or AN/ARC-164).
The UHF-AM radio set AN/ARC-116 or AN/ARC-164
(figures 3-5 and 3-6) provides two-way UHF amplitude
modulated (AM) narrow band voice communications
3-8
Change 11
1. 230.20 MHz
11. 320.05
2. 235.15
12. 335.15
3. 243.40
13. 336.80
4. 250.00
14. 350.00
5. 274.65
15. 360.00
6. 286.80
16. 366.20
7. 290.00
17. 370.05
8. 290.30
18. 385.15
9. 300.00
19. 386.80
10.
320.00
20. 390.00
For AN/ARC-116 Radio Set (Serial

Number 137 and subsequent):
1. 274.65 MHz
2. 300.00
3. 366.20
TM 55-1520-228-10
(1)
(2)
Frequency - Select.
(3)
(4)
AUDIO - Adjust.
(5)
Transmit.
(a) Transmit - Interphone selector - Number 2 position.

(b)
b. Stopping Procedures. Function Selector OFF.
3-22. OPERATING PROCEDURES UHF/

a. Transmit/receive.
(1)
(2)
Frequency - Select.
(3)
TONE - Press to test.
(4)
VOL - Adjust.
(5)
Transmit.
b. Stopping Procedure. Function Selector - OFF.
3-23. UHF/AM
RADIO
(RT-1167/ARC-164(V)
or
ARC-164(V)).
b. RT-1167C/ARC-164(V). The Receiver-Transmitter Radio RT-1167C/ARC-164(V) (figure 3-6) has the

same
functions
and
capabilities
as
the
RT-1167/ARC-164(V), plus a HAVE QUICK mode of
operation. HAVE QUICK is an antijamming mode which
uses a frequency hopping scheme to change channels
many times per second. Because the HAVE QUICK
mode depends on a precise time of day, both HAVE
QUICK radios must have synchronized clocks. UHF/AM
Antenna location is shown in figure 3-1.
3-25. CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS UHF/

AM RADIO SET (RT-1167/ARC-164(V) or
RT-1167C/ARC-164(V)).
a. RT-1167/ARC-164(V).
Controls for the
RT-1167/ARC-164(V) are on the front panel of the unit
(figure 3-6). The function of each control is as follows:
CONTROL
(a) Transmit - Interphone selector - Number 2 position.

(b)
The radio set primarily is used for voice communication.

An additional radio set capability, although not functional
is ADF. Power to operate the ARC-164(V) radio is from
the 28 vdc emergency bus through a circuit breaker
marked UHF-AM on the pilot overhead circuit breaker
panel. UHF/AM Antenna location is shown in figure 3-1.
SET
RT-1167C/
3-24. DESCRIPTION UHF/AM RADIO SET

(RT-1167/ARC-164(V)
or
RT-1167C/
ARC-164(V)).
a. RT-1167/ARC-164(V). The Receiver-Transmitter Radio RT-1167/ARC-164(V) (figure 3-6) is an
airborne, ultra-high frequency (UHF), amplitude-modulated (AM), radio transmitting-receiving (transceiver)
set. It contains a multichannel, electronically-tunable
transceiver and a fixed-tuned guard receiver. The transceiver operates on any one of 7,000 channels spaced in
0.025 MHz units in the 225.000 to 399.750 MHz UHF
military band. The guard receiver is tunable in the
238.000 to 248.000 MHz frequency range with crystal
replacement and realignment (usually 243.000 MHz).
FUNCTION
Frequency selector
switch 1
Selects 100s digit of frequency (either 2 or 3) in

MHz.
Frequency selector
switch 2
Selects 10s digit of frequency (0 through 9) in

MHz.
Frequency selector
switch 3
Selects units digit of frequency (0 through 9) in

MHz.
Frequency selector
switch 4
Selects tenths digit of

frequency (0 through 9)
in MHz.
Frequency selector
switch 5
Select hundredths and

thousandths digits of frequency (00, 25, 50, or
75) in MHz.
Preset channel
selector switch
Selects one of 20 preset

channels.
MANUAL-PRESETGUARD selector
Selects method of frequency selection.
MANUAL
Any of 7,000 frequencies

is manually selected using the five frequency selector switches.
Change 11
3-8.1
TM 55-1520-228-10
PRESET
GUARD
A frequency is selected
using the preset channel
selector switch for selecting any one of 20 preset
channels as indicated on
the CHAN indicator.
The main receiver and
transmitter are automatically tuned to the guard
frequency. Blocks out
any frequency set either
manually or preset.
SQUELCH ON-OFF
switch
Turns squelch of main

receiver on or off.
VOL control
Adjusts volume.
TONE switch
Enables transmisison
and headset monitoring
of a 1.020-Hz tone on
selected frequency for
maintenance check only.
Mode selector switch
Selects operating mode:
OFF
Turns power off.
MAIN
Enables the transceiver.
BOTH
Enables transceiver and

guard receiver.
ADF
Not operational.
b. RT-1167C/ARC-164(V). The controls and functions of the RT-1167C/ARC-164(V) are identical to the
RT-1167/ARC-164(V) with the exception of the following:
CONTROL
Frequency selector
switch 1 (T-2-3-A)
3-8.2
Change 11
FUNCTION
Selects 100s digit of frequency (either 2 or 3) in
MHz. The A position selects the HAVE QUICK
mode. The T position
(spring-loaded) allows
the radio to receive a
new time of day.
3-26. OPERATING PROCEDURE UHF/AM

RADIO SET (RT-1167/ARC-164(V) or
RT-1167C/ARC-164(V)).
a. Modes of Operation. Depending on the settings
of the operating controls, the radio set can be used for
these modes of operation:
(1)
Control (Mode) Settings.

(a) MAN mode: two-way voice commu-
nications.
(b) BOTH mode: utilizing the transceiver
constant monitoring of guard receiver without losing the
use of the transceiver.
(c) Transmission of 1,020 Hz TONE signal.
(2) Transmit/Receive (MAIN) mode.
(a) Set OFF-MAIN-BOTH-ADF selector
switch to MAIN.
(b) Set MANUAL-PRESET-GUARD selector switch to MANUAL for manual frequency selection or
to PRESET for preset channel selection.
(c) To manually select a frequency, rotate
the five MHz selector switches until desired frequency
is displayed in indicator window.
NOTE
Clockwise rotation of the MHz selector
switches increases frequency.
(d) To select a preset channel, rotate preset channel selector switch until desired channel is displayed in preset CHAN indicator window.
NOTE
Clockwise rotation of preset channel selector switch will increase the desired
channel number (1 to 20).
(3) Transmit/Receive/Guard Monitor (BOTH)
mode.
switch to BOTH.
NOTE
The BOTH position turns on the transceiver and the guard receiver. The
guard receiver will remain turned to 243
MHz regardless of manual or preset frequencies selected.
(b) Select desired manual frequency or
preset channel. Refer to steps 3-26.a.(2)(c) and (d).
NOTE
If reception on the selected frequency
interferes with guard reception, detune
the set by selecting an open frequency
or place MANUAL-PRESET-GUARD
selector switch to GUARD.
TM 55-1520-228-10
(4)
1020 Hz TONE Signal Transmission (MAIN)
mode.
switch to MAIN.
(b) Select a desired frequency for TONE
transmission. Refer to steps 3-26.a.(2)(c) and (d).
(c) Push the TONE switch to transmit the
1020 Hz signal.
NOTE
Tone-modulated signal may be used to
check out the radio set and isolate faulty
microphone circuitry.
(5) HAVE
ARC-164(V) only).
QUICK
mode
(RT-1167C/
The HAVE QUICK mode can be activated in

one of two ways:
(a) Set MANUAL-PRESET-GUARD switch
to MANUAL and set frequency selector switch 1 to A.
(b) Set MANUAL-PRESET-GUARD switch
to PRESET and set preset channel selector switch to
channel 20.
b. HAVE QUICK System Operation.
(1)
A 3-2-T Knob (HAVE QUICK System Only).
A - Selects AJ mode.
3 - Allows manual selection of frequencies.
2 - Allows manual selection of frequencies.
T - Momentary position which enables the
radio to accept a new TOD for up to 60 seconds after selection. Also used in conjunction with the emergency startup of the TOD
clock when TOD is not available from a external source.
(2) TONE Button (HAVE QUICK). Depressing
the TONE button in normal or AJ modes interrupts reception and transmits a tone signal and TOD on the
selected frequency. Simultaneously pressing the TONE
button in conjunction with the A-3-2-T knob in the T
position starts the emergency startup of the TOD clock.
(3) HAVE QUICK System. The HAVE QUICK
(HQ) system provides a jam resistant capability through
a frequency hopping technique. Frequency hopping is
a technique in which the frequency being used for a
given channel is automatically changed at some rate
common to the transmitter and receiver. The jam resistance of the system is due to the automatic frequency
changing and the pseudorandom pattern of frequencies
used. In order to defeat this communications system,

the jammer must find the frequency being used, jam it
and then predict or find the next frequency. The HAVE
QUICK modification adds the frequency hopping capability, yet it does not remove any of the previous capabilities of the radio. The HAVE QUICK modified radios
retain the standard, single frequency UHF voice mode
of operations. This is referred to as the normal mode,
while frequency hopping operation is called the anti-jam
(AJ) mode. Several ingredients are necessary for successful system operations. These are:
1.
Common frequency.
2.
Time synchronization.
3.
Common hopping pattern and rate.
4.
Common net number.
The common frequencies have been programmed into

all HAVE QUICK radios. Time synchronization is provided via UHF radio and/or hardware by external time
distribution system. A time-of-day (TOD) signal must be
received from the time distribution system for each time
the radio is turned on. The hopping pattern and hopping
rate are determined by the operator inserted word-ofday (WOD). The WOD is a multi-digit code, common
worldwide to all HAVE QUICK users. In the AJ mode, a
communications channel is defined by a net number
instead of a signal frequency as in the normal mode. Before operating in the AJ mode, the radio must be primed.
This consists of setting the WOD, TOD, and net number.
The AJ mode is then selected by placing the A-3-2-T
knob to A.
(4) WORD OF DAY (WOD). The WOD entry is
normally entered before flight, but it is possible to enter
it in flight. WOD is entered by using one or more of the
six preset channels which are 20-15. For a new WOD
entry, start at channel 20 use the same method as in
entering preset frequencies in the normal mode with the
frequency knobs and the PRESET button. After each
entry, a single beep is heard until channel 15 entry; a
double beep is heard indicating that the radio has accepted all six WOD entries.
(5) WOD TRANSFER. Select the preset mode
and, starting with present channel 20, rotate the preset
knob CCW. At channel 20, a single beep is heard. A
single beep indicates that channel 20 data has been
transferred and accepted. After the single beep is heard,
select remaining channels (19-15) in the same manner
until a double beep is heard indicating the WOD transfer
is complete.
(6) TIME-OF-DAY (TOD) Transmission. The
TOD entry is normally entered before flight, but it is
possible to enter it in flight. It is possible to transmit
timing information in both normal and AJ modes by momentarily pressing the TONE button. In the normal
Change 11
3-8.3
TM 55-1520-228-10
mode, a complete TOD message is transmitted, while in

the AJ mode, only an abbreviated time update is transmitted. A mode time transmission allows a time update
if one radio has drifted out of synchronization.
return to a normal channel in either the manual or preset

mode. To receive a time update in AJ mode, rotate the
A-3-2-T knob to the T position and then back to the A
position. A TOD update (time tick) can be received on
the selected AJ net.
(7) TIME-OF-DAY Reception. Reception is possible in both normal and AJ modes. The radio automatically accepts the first TOD message after the radio is
turned on and WOD transferred. Subsequent messages
are ignored unless the T position is selected with the
A-3-2-T knob. The radio then accepts the next TOD
update in either normal or AJ mode, provided the TOD
update arrives within 60 seconds of the time the T position has been selected. To receive time in the normal
mode, rotate the A-3-2-T knob to the T position and
(8) Net Numbers. After WOD and TOD are entered, any valid AJ net number can be selected by using
the manual frequency knob.
3-8.4
Change 11
(9) Anti-Jamming Mode Operation. A tone is

heard in the headset if an invalid AJ net is selected, if
TOD was not initially received, or if WOD was not entered. If the function knob is set to both and the AJ mode
is selected, any transmission on the guard channel
takes precedence over the AJ mode.
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
1
FUNCTION
Function Selector
OFF ..............................................................
Power off.
T/R................................................................
Receiver - On; Transmitter - Standby.
T/R GUARD..................................................
Receiver - On; Transmitter - Standby;

Guard Receiver - On.
NOTE: Reception on guard frequency is unaffected by
frequencies selected for normal communications.
D/F................................................................
Not used.
RETRAN.......................................................
Not used.
Frequency Selectors
Left Selector .................................................
Selects first three digits of desired frequency.
Right Selector...............................................
Selects fourth, fifth and sixth digits of desired frequency.
RCVR TEST .........................................................
When pressed, audible signal indicates proper receiver

performance.
AUDIO ..................................................................
SQUELCH ............................................................
Squelch control adjusted by maintenance personnel

only.
206075-258
Figure 3-4.
AN/ARC-115 Control Panel
3-9
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
1.
FUNCTION
Function Selector
OFF ............................................................................
Power off.
TIR ............................................................................
Receiver - On; Transmitter - Standby.
T/R GUARD.................................................................
Receiver - On; Transmitter - Standby;

Guard Receiver - On.
NOTE: Reception on guard frequency is unaffected by
frequencies selected for normal communications.
2.
D/F ............................................................................
Not used.
RETRAN......................................................................
Not used.
Frequency Selectors
Left Selector .......................................................
Center Selector...................................................
Selects third digit (1 MHz steps) of desired frequency.
Right Selector .....................................................
Selects last two digits of desired frequency.
3.
RCVR TEST ................................................................
When pressed, audible signal indicates proper receiver

performance.
4.
AUDIO .........................................................................
5.
SQUELCH ...................................................................
Squelch control adjusted by maintenance personnel only.
206075-259
Figure 3-5.
3-10
AN/ARC-116 Control Panel
TM 55-1520-228-10
DETAIL B
(FREQUENCY
SELECTOR 1
ON HAVE QUICK)
CONTROL/INDICATOR
1.
FUNCTION
Frequency Selectors
Hundreds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selects first digit of desired frequency.
Tens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selects second digit of desired frequency.
Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selects third digit (1 MHz) of desired frequency.
Tenths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selects fourth digit of desired frequency.
Hundredths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selects last two digits of desired frequency.
2.
CHAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.
Mode Selector
4.
DETAIL C
(HAVE QUICK II
ONLY)
Selects preset channels.
MANUAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Frequency selected with frequency selector knobs.
PRESET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selects preset channel as desired by CHAN selector.
GUARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Frequency is automatically positioned to guard channel

(243.00 MHz)
SQUELCH
OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Received unsquelched.
ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Received squelch operating.
5.
VOL Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjust receiver audio volume.
6.
TONE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
When pressed, audible tone indicates proper

receiver/transmitter performance (transmits on selected
frequency).
7.
Function Selector
OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power off.
MAIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receiver On; Transmitter Standby.
BOTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receiver On; Transmitter Standby;

Guard Receiver On.
ADF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Not used.
206075-260-1
Figure 3-6. UHF/AM Radio Sets AN/ARC-164, RT-1167/ARC-1164(V), and RT-1167C/ARC-1164(V)
Change 11
3-11
TM 55-1520-228-10
c. Radio Set ARC-164(V) Operation.
g. Manual frequency display Set WOD 16.

h. Preset channel select Set to 16.
(1) TOD Transfer.

a. Transfer
WOD
3-26.NO TAG.(5).
IAW
paragraph
b. Set up RT to receive TOD:

(1) With external TOD equipment:
j. Repeat steps g thru i to store WOD 17, 18,

19.
k. Manual frequency display Set 300.050.
l. Preset channel select Set to 20.
(a) Select manual mode on MODE

switch.
m. Preset button Press.
(b) Set TOD frequency in manual frequency windows.
n. Rotate preset select down 19, 18, 17, 16,

15, (hear 1 beep 20 - 16, 2 beeps on 15).
(c) Set A-3-2-T to A, after TOD beep

is heard. If tone is heard with the
A-3-2-T in the A position, reintialize radio IAW steps in paragraph
3-26.NO TAG.(6).
(2) Without external TOD equipment:
Emergency start-up of TOD clock:
(a) Set and hold A-3-2-T switch to T.
(b) Press the TONE button.
NOTE
When using this method, the flight commander or lead aircraft should emergency-start his TOD clock. Lead aircraft
would then transfer TOD to other aircraft
in flight. Aircraft using this method will
not be able to communicate with valid
TOD signal in the AF mode. A valid TOD
signal must be transferred to all aircraft
that have invalid TOD time before effective AJ communications can be
achieved.
(2) HAVE QUICK Checklist ARC-164. Loading
Word-of-Day (WOD).
a. T, 2, 3, A switch Not in A position.
b. Functional selector switch Both.
c. Manual, preset, guard switch Preset.
d. Manual frequency display Set WOD 15.
e. Preset channel select Set to 15.
f. Preset button (under frequency cover)
Press.
3-12
i. Preset button Press.
Change 11
(3) Receiving Time from Net Control Aircraft.

a. Manual, preset, guard switch Manual.
b. Set to internal frequency to receive the
time.
c. Hear net control aircraft state: Standby
for time.
d. Rotate T, 2, 3, A switch to T and return
to established manual frequency, hear.
e. Hear net control aircraft state: Go active
0 point one.
f. Set A00.100 in manual window and complete commo check; if loud tone is heard,
repeat timing.
(4) Sending Time (Net Control Aircraft).
a. Manual, preset, guard switch Manual.
b. Set to internal frequency.
c. Rotate T, 2, 3, A switch to T and hold.
d. Press tone button and hold (hear no tone).
e. T, 2, 3, A to internal frequency (.25 second beep, then tone).
f. Call other aircraft to send time.
g. Press tone button to send time.
NOTE
Recall todays WOD by reselecting presets 20 down thru 15, and hear beeps.
TM 55-1520-228-10
FIGURE 3-7. HAS BEEN DELETED.
Change 11
3-13
TM 55-1520-228-10
3-27. VOICE
SECURITY
(TSEC/KY-58).
EQUIPMENT
a. Description. The voice security equipment is

used with the FM Command Radio to provide secure
two way communication. The equipment is controlled by
the control-indicator (Z-AHP) mounted in the lower console. The POWER switch must be in the ON position,
regardless of the mode of operation, whenever the
equipment is installed.
b. Controls and Functions. Refer to Figure 3-8.
3-28. OPERATING PROCEDURES. Normal

operation will exist without the TSEC/KY-58 and the
control-indicator (Z-AHP) being installed in the helicopter. Refer to the following procedures to operate the
equipment in any particular mode.
3-29. SECURE VOICE PROCEDURES.
NOTE
When operating in either secure or clear
(plain) voice operations, the VOLUME
must be adjusted on the aircraft radio
and intercom equipment to a comfortable operating level.
3-30. CLEAR VOICE PROCEDURES.

a. Set the PLAIN-C/RAD switch to PLAIN.
b. Operate the equipment.
3-31. ZEROIZING PROCEDURES.
NOTE
CAUTION
To talk in secure voice, the KY-58 must

be Loaded with any number of desired
variables.
Instructions should originate from

the Net Controller or Commander as
to when to zeroize the equipment.
a. Set to MODE switch to OP.

b. Set the FILL switch to the storage register which
contains the crypto-net variable (CNV) you desire.
c. Set the POWER switch to ON.
d. Set the PLAIN C/RAD switch to C/RAD.
e. If the signal is to be retransmitted, set the DELAY
switch to (ON).
3-14
f. At this time a crypto alarm, and background

noise, in the aircraft audio intercom system should be
heard. To clear this alarm, press and release PTT in the
aircraft audio/intercom system. Secure voice communication is now possible.
Change 11
To zeroize the KY-58: (Power must be

on).
a. Lift the red ZEROIZE switch cover on the RCU.
b. Lift the spring-loaded ZEROIZE switch. This will
zeroize positions 1-6.
c. Close the red cover.
The equipment is now zeroized and secure voice communications are no longer possible.
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
FUNCTION
1.
ZEROIZE switch ..........................................................

(two-position
momentary toggle
under spring
loaded cover).
Zeroizes the KY-58; clears any encoding in the system.
2.
DELAY switch..............................................................
two-position toggle
Used when signal is to be retransmitted.
3.
PLAIN-C/RAD
Switch rotary
two-position
selector switch
In the PLAIN position, permits normal (unciphered) communications

on the associated FM radio set.
In the C/RAD position, permits ciphered communications on the
associated r adio set.
4.
C/RAD2 .......................................................................
Switch stop
Location of stop for C/RAD2 on front panel.
5.
FILL switch ..................................................................

six-position
rotary switch
Permits pilot to select one of 6 storage registers for

filling.
6.
MODE Switch ..............................................................

three position
rotary
In the OP position KY-58 normal operating.

In the LD position for filling.
In the RV position KY-58 in Receive-Variable Filled from
another external source.
7.
POWER ON switch .....................................................
Connects power to the associated TSEC/KY-58
two position
cipher equipment in the ON (forward) position,
toggle
and disconnects power from the equipment in

the OFF (aft) position
Turns on power to
TSEC/KY-58.
206075-262
Figure 3-8. Voice Security Equipment T/SEC KY-58
3-15
TM 55-1520-228-10
3-32. AUTOMATIC REMOTE KEYING

PROCEDURE.
d.
Upon instructions from the Net Controller:

(1)
Listen for a beep on your headset.
(2)
Wait two seconds.
(3)
Set the RCU MODE switch to OP.
(4)
Confirm.
NOTE
Automatic Remote Keying (AK) causes an old
crypto-net variable (CNV) to be replaced by a
new CNV. Net Controller simply transmit the
new CNV to your KY-58.
a.
The Net Controller will use a secure voice
channel, with directions to stand by a for an AK transmission. Calls should not be made during this stand by
action.
b.
Several beeps should now be heard in your
headset. This means that the old CNV is being replaced by a new CNV.
c.
Using this new CNV, the net controller will
ask you for a radio check.
d.
After the radio check is completed, the Net
Controller instructions will be to resume normal communications. No action should be taken until the net controller requests a radio check.
3-33. MANUAL
REMOTE
KEYING
PROCEDURES. The Net Controller will make contact on
a secure voice channel with instructions to stand by for
a new crypto-net variable (CNV) by a Manual Remote
Keying (MK) action. Upon instructions from the Net
Controller:
a.
Set the Z-AHP FILL switch to position 6. Notify
the Net Controller by radio, and stand by.
b.
When notified by the Net Controller, set the
Z-AHP MODE switch to RV (receive variable). Notify
the Net Controller, and stand by.
c.
When notified by the Net Controller, set the
Z-AHP FILL switch to any storage position selected to
receive the new CNV (may be unused or may contain
the variable being replaced). Notify the Net Controller,
and stand by.
NOTE
When performing Step c. the storage position
(1 through 6) selected to receive the new CNV
nay be unused, or it may contain the variable
which is being replaced.
3-16
e.
If the MK operation was successful, the Net
Controller will now contact you via the new CNV.
f.
If the MK operation was not successful, the Net
Controller will contact you via clear voice (plain) transmission; with instructions to set your Z-AHP FILL selector switch to position 6, and stand by while the MK operation is repeated.
3-34. KY-58 AUDIO TONES. It is important to be familiar with certain KY-58 audio tones. Some tones indicate normal operation, while others indicate equipment
malfunction. These tones are:
a.
Continuous beeping, with background noise,
is cryptoalarm. This occurs when power is first applied to
the KY-58, or when the KY-58 is zeroized. This beeping
is part of normal KY-58 operation. To clear this tone,
press and release the PTT button on the Z-AHQ (after
the Z-AHQ LOCAL switch has been pressed). Also the
PTT can be pressed in the cockpit.
b.
Background noise indicates that the KY-58 is
working properly. This noise should occur at TURN ON
of the KY-58, and also when the KY-58 is generating
a cryptovariable. If the background noise is not heard
at TURN ON, the equipment must be checked out by
maintenance personnel.
c.
Continuous tone, could indicate a parity
alarm. This will occur whenever an empty storage
register is selected while holding the PTT button is.
This tone can mean any of three conditions:
(1)
Selection of an empty storage register.
(2)
A bad cryptovariable is present.
(3)
Equipment failure has occurred. To clear
this tone, follow the Loading Procedures in . If this tone
continues, have the equipment checked out by maintenance personnel.
TM 55-1520-228-10
d. Continuous tone could also indicate a cryptoalarm. If this tone occurs at any time other than as indicated in paragraph 3-34.c above, equipment failure
may have occurred. To clear this tone, repeat the Loading Procedures in TM 11-5810-262-OP. If this tone continues, have the equipment checked out by maintenance personnel.
(3) When you begin to receive a ciphered message, this tone indicates that the cryptovariable has
passed the parity check, and that it is a good variable.
f. A single beep, when the RCU is in TD (Time

Delay) occurring after the preamble is sent, indicates
that you may begin speaking.
e. Single beep, when RCU is not in TD (Time

Delay), can indicate any of three normal conditions:
(1) Each time the PTT button is pressed when
the KY-58 is in C (cipher) and a filled storage register is
selected, this tone will be heard. Normal use (speaking)
of the KY-58 is possible.
(2) When the KY-58 has successfully received
a cryptovariable, this tone indicates that a good cryptovariable is present in the selected register.
g. A single beep, followed by a burst of noise after

which exists a seemingly dead condition indicates that
your receiver is on a different variable than the distant
transmitter. If this tone occurs when in cipher text mode:
Turn RCU FILL switch to the CNV and contact the transmitter in PLAIN text and agree to meet on a particular
variable.
SECTION II. NAVIGATION

3-35. DIRECTION
ARN-89).
FINDER
SET
(AN/
3-36. DESCRIPTION DIRECTION FINDER

SET(AN/ARN-89).
3-38. OPERATING PROCEDURES DIRECTION FINDER SET (AN/ARN-89).

a. COMPASS Mode.
(1) Function selector COMP.
The direction finder set (ADF) AN/ARN-89 (figure 3-9)

is used in conjunction with gyromagnetic compass and
intercommunications systems. ADF bearing information
is indicated on the heading-radio bearing indicator (figure 3-10). The bearing pointer displays either the ADF
bearing or the VOR bearing depending on the position
selected on the RMI BRG PNTR switch. The ADF set
operates in the 100 to 3,000 KHz frequency range and
is used to receive continuous wave (cw) or amplitude
modulated (am) radio frequency signals. The three
modes of operation for the ADF set include automatic
homing in the COMPASS mode, manual homing in the
LOOP mode, and as a communications receiver in the
ANTenna mode. A beat frequency oscillator is included
to provide an audible indication for identification and
tuning and is activated by the CW switch. The radio set
control unit is marked ADF RCVR and is mounted in the
center section of the instrument panel. Antenna locations are shown in figure 3-1.
3-37. CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS DIRECTION FINDER SET (AN/ARN-89).

(2) Frequency Select. Tuning may be accomplished with function selector in COMP, ANT, or LOOP
positions; however, less noise is encountered in the
ANT position.
(3)
AUDIO Adjust.
(4) TUNE meter Select. Tune for maximum up

deflection of needle.
(5) CW VOICE TEST switch TEST then release.
(6)
Observe ADF needle indications.
b. LOOP Mode.
(1)
Function selector LOOP.
(2)
AUDIO Adjust.
(3)
CW VOICE TEST switch CW.
(4) LOOP switch Move left and right as required to obtain aural null.
Change 11
3-17
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
1.
AUDIO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.
Function Selector
3.
OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power off.
COMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Activates the ADF pointer on the radio bearing heading indicator.
ANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receiver provides aural information only.
LOOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receiver operates using only the loop antenna.
Frequency Selector
Left Selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Right Selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selects third and fourth digits of desired frequency.
4.
TUNE Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.
CW VOICE TEST Switch
6.
FUNCTION
Up deflection of the needle indicates most accurate tuning of

the receiver when function selector is in the COMP position.
CW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provides tone that may be used for identification, tuning, or

for loop operation.
VOICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Permits normal aural reception.
TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rotates ADF needle 180_ from original bearing to provide a

check of needle accuracy with function selector in the COMP
position. Inoperative in LOOP and ANT position. The switch
is spring loaded away from TEST position.
LOOP switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Used to rotate loop antenna by moving switch left or right.

Direction and degree of turn are shown on the radio bearing
heading indicator. Function selector must be in LOOP position.
206075-263-1
Figure 3-9. AN/ARN-89 (ADF) Control Panel
3-18
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
c. Preliminary.
(1) Interphone control panel receiving NAV

switch ON.
(2)
RMI BRG PTR switch ADF.
(3)
Function selector COMP.
(4)
Frequency Select.
(5)
AUDIO Adjust.
(6) TUNE meter tune for maximum up needle

deflection.
d. Manual Operation.
(1)
Function selector LOOP.
(2)
VOICE CW switch CW.
(3) Rotate LOOP control for maximum reception and retune.

(4) Rotate LOOP control to find audible null
position and adjust volume for a 5 to 8 degree null width.
(5) Check for ambiguity The ADF bearing
pointer will either read the magnetic bearing to the station or be 180 degrees out.
e. Stopping Procedure. Function Selector OFF.
3-39. GYRO MAGNETIC COMPASS SET

AN/ASN-43.
3-40. DESCRIPTION GYRO MAGNETIC

COMPASS SET.
The gyro magnetic compass set provides accurate
heading information, referenced to a free directional
gyro heading when operated in the DIR gyro mode (free
gyro), or slaved to the earths magnetic field when operated in the MAG mode (magnetically slaved). It provides
heading information in the form of a synchro output to
the radio bearing heading indicator (and by presenting
the magnetic heading as a reference signal to the VOR
C ).
3-41. CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS

GYRO MAGNETIC COMPASS SET.
Refer to paragraph 3-42.
3-42. OPERATING PROCEDURES GYRO

MAGNETIC COMPASS SET.
a. DIR GYRO/MAG switch DIR GYRO for free
gyro mode operation.
b. DIR GYRO/MAG switch MAG for slaved mode
operation.
3-43. RADIO BEARING HEADING INDICATOR ID-1351A.

3-44. DESCRIPTION RADIO BEARING
HEADING INDICATOR.
The ID-1351/A A (ID-1351C/A C ) indicator is mounted
on the instrument panel and provides magnetic heading
information and radio bearings by displaying information from the gyromagnetic compass set, ADF, (VOR
C ) and FM radios. Additionally, it provides visual indications of gyromagnetic compass failure, compass synchronization and approach to a radio station. The
compass correction card for this instrument will be located in the front of the aircraft logbook.
Change 11
3-19
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
FUNCTION
1.
Power Warning Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates when AC power is not being supplied to the gyromagnetic compass or when the AN/ASN-43 AC power supply is inoperative.
2.
Heading Dial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates the helicopter magnetic heading under the index.
3.
Annunciator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates by means of a dot (S) or cross (+) the direction the

synchronizing knob (item 5) should be turned to give immediate and accurate synchronization.
4.
ADF Pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates bearing of radio station from helicopter.
5.
Synchronizing Knob . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Determines the heading synchronization.
6.
Signal Strength Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates the presence or absence of FM radio signal.
7.
Steering Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates helicopter deviation from a direct approach to the

FM radio transmitter.
8.
Station Approach Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates aircrafts approach to a FM radio transmitter.
9.
Bearing Pointer C
Indicates bearing of radio station from helicopter (VOR or

ADF as selected by RMI BRG PNTR switch). C
........................
206075-264
Figure 3-10. Radio Bearing Heading Indicator
3-20
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
BEARING HEADING INDICATOR.
RADIO

3-46. OPERATING
PROCEDURES
BEARING HEADING INDICATOR.
a. Gyro-magnetic
Synchronization.
Heading
RADIO
Display
and
(1) Gyro-magnetic heading dial rotates to

indicate the helicopters magnetic heading under the
index.
(2) Heading synchronization is accomplished
by rotating the synchronizing knob. The annunciator
indicates, by means of a dot () or cross (+), the direction
that the synchronizing knob should be turned to give
immediate and accurate synchronization. If a cross (+)
is showing in the annunciator, the synchronizing knob
should be turned clockwise, and if a dot () is showing,
the synchronizing knob should be turned counterclockwise. The system is synchronized when the annunciator
indicates neither a dot () nor a cross (+). If, shortly after
synchronizing the system, the heading dial drifts and a
dot () or cross (+) appears in the annunciator, then
the system was synchronized to a false null located
180 degrees from the correct heading and should be resynchronized to the correct helicopter heading. The helicopter standby magnetic compass may be checked for
reference.
b. ADF Pointer
(Bearing Pointer
).
Radio magnetic bearing information is indicated by the
ADF pointer of the indicator. The arrow end of this
pointer indicates the bearing of the radio station from the
helicopter. The ADF set furnishes the bearing information to the pointer (VOR or ADF as selected by the
RMI BRG PTR switch located on the instrument panel
).
c.
(2) An FM signal strength indicator shows red

whenever the FM radio receiver signal is absent or is too
weak for a reliable indication. When the signal strength
is acceptable, the FM signal strength indicator shows
black
FM Homing.
(1) The steering indicator receives its input

from the number 1 FM radio homing system. By moving
to the right or left of its center indication, the indicator
shows helicopter deviation from a direct approach path
to the FM radio transmitter. The indicator moves to the
right when the homing transmitter site is to the right of
the helicopter, and to the left when the transmitter is to
the left of the helicopter.
(3) The station approach indicator indicates

helicopter approach to the FM radio transmitter. The
pointer moves down as the transmitter is approached.
d. The power warning indicator comes into
view whenever electrical AC power to the gyromagnetic
compass is off, or inoperative.
3-47.
CONUS NAVIGATION RECEIVER.

NOTE
Keying of the AN/ARC-115, VHF-AM
transmitter may cause the AN/ARN-123
VOR receiver to lose station lock-on.
The RMI BRG PTR on the heading radio
bearing indicator and the course pointer
on the course deviation indicator will
return to center position and the VOR
NAV warning flag will appear. The VOR
receiver will return to normal operation
when the AN/ARC-115 transmitter is
unkeyed.
3-48. DESCRIPTION
RECEIVER.
CONUS
NAVIGATION
The CONUS navigation receiver AN/ARN-123(V)

receives the combined VOR (VHF omni-range) and LOC
(localizer) signals over a frequency range of 108.00 to 1
17.95 MHz, GS (glideslope) signals over a frequency
range of 329.15 to 335.00 MHz, and MB (marker
beacon) signals on 75.00 MHz from ground transmitters.
The receiver is controlled by the C-10048/ARN-123
control panel (figure 3-11) mounted on the lower right
side of the instrument panel. The signals are visually
displayed on the CDI (figure 3-12), and the marker
beacon light as required. The VOR and localizer audio
signals are received from ground transmitters through
the helicopter intercommunications system by placing
the interphone control (figure 3-2) AUX switch to ON.
The set enables the operator to determine his present
position, direction to a given point, and fly a
predetermined flight path to localizer circuitry provides a
visual display of the helicopter position relative to a
localizer course. The marker beacon circuitry provides a
visual display and aural tone to indicate helicopter
position relative to a marker ground transmitter.
3-21
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
1.
FUNCTION
NAV VOL Power Switch and

Volume Control
NAV VOL......................................................
OFF ..............................................................
2.
3.
4.
5.
Turns set OFF.
MB VOL Power Switch and

Volume Control
MB VOL........................................................
Turns set on and controls marker beacon volume.
OFF ..............................................................
Turns set OFF.
MB SENS Switch
HI..................................................................
Selects high receiver sensitivity.
LO.................................................................
Selects low receiver sensitivity.
Frequency Selectors
Right .............................................................
Selects the fractional megahertz portion of the desired

frequency.
Left ...............................................................
Selects the whole megahertz portion of the desired

frequency.
VOR/MB-TEST Switch .........................................
Figure 3-11.
3-22
Turns set on and controls VOR/LOC receiver volume.
Provides on and off capability for the VOR/MB self-test

circuit within the receiver.
206075265
CONUS Navigation Receiver Control Panel
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
FUNCTION
1.
Course Pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates deviation from selected VOR radial or LOC path.
2.
Course Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provides reference point for course deviation card.
3.
Course Deviation Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manually rotated card, driven by OBS control to indicate desired VOR radial directly beneath course index.
4.
NAV Warning Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Red NAV flag indicates VOR or LOC signal is unreliably

weak or malfunction in receiver.
5.
To/From Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates whether flying selected radial would direct helicopter toward (TO) or from (FR) VOR station.
6.
Omnibearing Selector (OBS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drives course deviation card for course selection.
7.
Reciprocal Course Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates radial 180 degrees from selected radial.
8.
Glide Slope Warning Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Red GS flag indicates GS signal is unreliably weak or malfunction in receiver.
9.
Glide Slope Pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates deviation from glidepath.
10. Blue/Yellow Off Course Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates deviation from selected course.

206075-266
Figure 3-12.
Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) C
Change 11
3-23
TM 55-1520-228-10

CONUS NAVIGATION RECEIVER.
(6) RMI BRG PTA switch (located on instrument

panel) VOR.
3-50. OPERATING PROCEDURES CONUS NAVIGATION RECEIVER.
(7)
Interphone control panel AUX switch ON.
(8)
Interphone control panel VOL control Ad-
just.
b. Stopping Procedure. NAV VOL and MB VOL
switch controls OFF.
a. System Operation.
(1)
NAV VOL switch control On and adjust.
(2)
MB VOL switch control On and adjust.
(3)
VOR/MB/TEST switch Press to test as fol-
3-51. COURSE
(CDI).
DEVIATION
INDICATOR
3-52. DESCRIPTION COURSE DEVIATION INDICATOR.
lows:
NOTE
This test requires an external VOR rf
signal generated by a ground station, or
ramp test set.
(a) Set the course indicator OBS
control for a 315 degree indication
under the course index.

COURSE DEVIATION INDICATOR.
(b) Move the control unit VOR/MB

switch to the TEST position
(down).
(c) The CDI deviation needle should

indicate center$2 dots.
3-54. OPERATING
PROCEDURES
COURSE DEVIATION INDICATOR.
(d) The VOR/LOG flag should be buried.
(e) The RMI should point to the 315

degree radial ($5 degrees).
(f) The marker beacon lamp should
illuminate.
3-24
The CDI ID-1347C/ARN (figure 3-12) is mounted on the

right side of the instrument panel and displays VOR,
LOC, and GS bearing information received from the
CONUS navigation receiver. Additionally, it provides
visual indications of unreliably weak VOR, LOC, and GS
signals or equipment malfunction (NAV and GS flags),
to/from station indication, and course selection.
(4)
Frequency selectors As required.
(5)
MB SENS switch As desired.
Change 11
3-54.1. GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (MWO 1-1520-228-50-53).

Operation of the Trimble Trimpack Global Positioning
System (GPS) will be accomplished with the Interim
Statement of Airworthiness Qualifications (ISAQ) and
appropriate commercial manuals.
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION III. TRANSPONDER AND RADAR

3-55. A
APX-72.
3-56.
SET.
TRANSPONDER SET AN/
DESCRIPTION TRANSPONDER
The APX-72 (figure 3-13) provides a radar identification

capability. Five independent coding modes are available to the pilot. The first three modes may be used
independently or in combination. Mode 1 provides 32
possible code combinations, any one of which may be
selected in flight. Mode 2 provides 4,096 possible code
combinations but only one is available since the selection dial is not available in flight and must be preset
before flight. Mode 3/A provides 4,096 possible codes,
any of which may be selected in flight. Mode C is used
with the MU-32/A Encoding altimeter. Mode 4, which is
connected to an external computer, can be programmed
prior to flight to display any one of many classified operational codes for security identification. The effective
range depends on the capability of interrogating radar
and line-of-sight. The code setting can be mechanically
retained. On the instrument Panel and Console place
the IFF CODE HOLD-OFF switch to the HOLD position.

On the Transponder Set Control Panel turn CODE
switch to HOLD (only momentary action is required).
The transponder set is mounted on the upper left side of
the instrument panel. The associated antenna is shown
in figure 3-1.
3-57. A CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS

TRANSPONDER SET.
The control panel is located on the instrument panel. It
provides remote control of the APX72 transponder
set. Mode 2 code select switch is on the front panel of
the receiver-transmitter radio. Controls and functions
are shown in figure 3-13.
3-58. A OPERATING PROCEDURES

TRANSPONDER SET.
a. Transponder Operation.
(1) MASTER control STBY. Allow approximately 2 minutes for warmup.
Change 11
3-24.1/(3-24.2 blank)
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
1. MASTER Control
OFF .........................................................................
STBY .......................................................................
LOW ........................................................................
NORM ......................................................................
EMER ......................................................................
2. RAD TEST-MON Switch

RAD TEST ...............................................................
MON ........................................................................
OUT .........................................................................
3. IDENT-MIC Switch
IDENT ......................................................................
...........................................................................
OUT .........................................................................
MIC ..........................................................................
FUNCTION
Turns set OFF.

Places in warm-up (standby) condition.
Set operates at reduced receiver sensitivity.
Set operates at normal receiver sensitivity.
Transmits emergency replay signals to MODE 1, 2. or
3/A interrogations regardless of mode control settings.
Enable set to reply to TEST mode interrogations. Other

functions of this switch position are classified.
Enables the monitor test circuits.
Disables the RAD TEST and MON features.
Initiates identification reply for approximately 25

seconds.
Prevents triggering of Identification reply. Spring
loaded to OUT.
Not used.
4. MODE 3/A Code Select Switches ...................................
Selects and Indicates the MODE 3/A four-digit reply

code number.
5. MODE 1 Code Select Switches ......................................
Selects and Indicates the MODE 1 two-digit reply code

number.
206075-267-1
Figure 3-13. Transponder APX-72 Control Panel A (Sheet 1 of 2)

3-25
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
FUNCTION
6. MODE 4 Switch
ON......................................................................
OUT....................................................................
7. AUDIO-LIGHT Switch
AUDIO ......................................................................
LIGHT ...............................................................
OUT ..................................................................
8. CODE Control ...............................................................

9. M-1 Swtich
ON......................................................................
OUT....................................................................
TEST ..................................................................
10. REPLY Indicator ..........................................................
Enables the set to reply to MODE 4 interrogations.

Disables the reply to MODE 4 interrogations.
Enables aural and REPLY light monitoring of valid

MODE 4 interrogations and replies.
Enables REPLY light only monitoring of valid MODE
4 interrogations and replies.
Disables aural and REPLY light monitoring of valid
MODE 4 interrogations and replies.
Holds, zeroizes or changes MODE 4 code.

Provides test of MODE 1 interrogations by
indication on TEST light.
Lights when valid MODE 4 replies are present, or
when pressed.
NOTE
Computer must be installed before set will reply to a MODE 4 interrogation.
11. M-2 Switch
ON......................................................................
OUT....................................................................
TEST ..................................................................
12. TEST Indicator ............................................................
13. M-3/A Switch

ON......................................................................
OUT....................................................................
TEST ..................................................................
14. M-C Switch

ON......................................................................
OUT....................................................................
TEST ..................................................................

Provides test of MODE 2 interrogation by indication
on TEST light.
Lights when the set responds properly to a M-1,
M-2, M-3/A or M-C test, or when pressed.
Enables the set to reply MODE 3/A interrogations.

Disables the reply to MODE 3/A interrogations.
Provides test of MODE 3/A interrogations by
indication on TEST light.
Enables set to reply to MODE C interrogations.

Disables reply to MODE C interrogations.
Enables TS-1843/APX to locally interrogate set.
Figure 3-13. Transponder APX-72 Control Panel A (Sheet 2 of 2)
3-26 Change 10
TM 55-1520-228-10
(2)
Mode and code Select as required.
(3)
Test as required.
(f)
(4) MASTER control LOW, NORM, EMER as

required.
(5)
IDENT As required.
(2) Emergency Operation. MASTER control

EMER.
(3) Stopping Procedure. MASTER control
IDENT As required.
OFF.
b. Stopping Procedure. MASTER control OFF.
3-59. C TRANSPONDER
APX-100.
SET
AN/
3-60. DELETED.
3-61. DELETED.
a. Description. The transponder set AN/APX-100,

enables the helicopter to identify itself automatically
when properly challenged by friendly surface and airborne radar equipment. The control panel (figure 3-14),
located on the instrument panel, enables the set to operate in modes 1, 2, 3A, 4, C, and test. When computer
KIT-1A(-1C)/TSEC (classified) is installed, mode 4 is
operational. The range of the receiver-transmitter is limited to line-of-site transmission since its frequency of
operation is in the UHF band making range dependent
on altitude. The Mode 4 codes can be mechanically
retained. On the instrument Panel and Console place
the HOLD-OFF switch to the HOLD position. On the
Transponder Set Control Panel turn the CODE switch
to HOLD (only momentary action is required). Turn the
master switch or helicopter power off.
3-62. DELETED.
3-63. DELETED.
b. Controls and Functions. Refer to figure 3-14.

c. Operating Procedures.
(1) Transponder Operation.
(a) MASTER control STBY.
approximately 2 minutes for warmup.
Allow
(b) MODE and CODE Select as required.

(c) TEST As required.
(d) MASTER control NORM or EMER as
required.
(e)
ANT As desired.
Change 11
3-27
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
FUNCTION
1.
TEST GO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates successful built in test (BIT).
2.
TEST/MON NO GO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates unit malfunction.
3.
ANT
4.
5.
TOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selects antenna located on top of helicopter.
BOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selects antenna located on bottom of helicopter.
DIV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selects both top and bottom antenna.
RAD TEST Switch

RAD TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Enables set to reply to TEST mode interrogations.
OUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disables to RAD TEST features.
MASTER Control
OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Turns set OFF.
STBY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Places in warmup (standby) condition.
NORM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Set operates at normal receiver sensitivity.
EMER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transmits emergency replay signal to MODE 1, 2, or 3/A

interrogations regardless of mode control settings.
206075-268-1
Figure 3-14. Transponder Set Control Panel C (Sheet 1 of 2)
3-28
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
6. STATUS Indicators.
ANT .........................................................................
KIT ...........................................................................
ALT
7. IDENT-MIC Switch
IDENT ......................................................................
OUT .........................................................................
MIC ..........................................................................
FUNCTION
Indicates that built in test (BIT) or monitor (MON) failure

is due to high voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) in
antenna.
is due to external computer.
is due to altitude digitizer.
Initiates identification reply for approximately 25

seconds.
Prevents triggering of identification reply. Spring
loaded to OUT.
Not used.
8. MODE 3/A Code Select Switches ...................................
Selects and indicates the MODE 3/A four-digit reply

code number.
9. MODE 2 Code Select Switches ......................................
Selects and indicates the MODE 2 four-digit reply code

number.
10. MODE 1 Code Select Switches ....................................
Selects and indicates the MODE 1 two-digit reply code

number.
11. CODE CONTROL ........................................................
Holds, zeroizes, or changes MODE 4 code.
12. MODE 4/TEST Switch

TEST .......................................................................
ON ...........................................................................
OUT .........................................................................
Selects MODE 4 BIT operation.

Selects MODE 4 ON operation.
Disables MODE 4 operation.
13. MODE 4 AUDIO/LIGHT Control

AUDIO ......................................................................
LIGHT ......................................................................
OUT .........................................................................
MODE 4 is monitored by audio.

MODE 4 is monitored by a light.
MODE 4 not monitored.
14. MODE 4/REPLY...........................................................
Indicates that a MODE 4 REPLY is generated.
15. TEST/TEST/M-1
TEST/ON/OUT .........................................................
Selects ON, OFF, or BIT of MODE 1 operation.
16. TEST/M-2
TEST/ON/OUT .........................................................
Selects ON, OFF, or BIT of MODE 2 operation.
17. TEST/M-3/A
TEST/ON/OUT .........................................................
Selects ON, OFF, or BIT of MODE 31A operation.
18. TEST/M-C
TEST/ON/OUT .........................................................
Selects ON, OFF, or BIT of MODE C operation.
Figure 3-14. Transponder Set Control Panel C (Sheet 2 of 2)
Change 10
3-29
TM 55-1520-228-10
FIGURE 3-15 HAS BEEN DELETED.
3-30 Change 10
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
FUNCTION
1.
LO SET Control Knob . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Turns facility on and off, and sets low altitude limit index.
2.
LO Level Warning Flag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates LO when altitude reaches respective limit index.
3.
Low Limit Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manually sets low altitude limit index. Actuates LO level

warning flag when limit reached.
4.
HI Level Warning Flag
Indicates HI when altitude reaches respective limit index.
5.
High Limit Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manually sets high altitude limit index. Actuates HI level

warning flag when limit reached.
6.
Altitude Pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Indicates actual clearance in feet from helicopter to terrain

(zero to 1500 feet).
7.
HI SET Control Knob . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sets high altitude limit index and operates self-test mode.
Figure 3-16. Radar Altimeter
Change 11
3-31
TM 55-1520-228-10
3-64. RADAR ALTIMETER (without MWO

1-1520-228-50-52).
NOTE
Simultaneous operation of the AN/
APR-39, radar warning receiver and the
AN/APN-209 radar altimeter will cause
a strobe to appear on the AN/APR-39
CRT and an audio tone can be heard in
the headset for IGE hover.
3-65. DESCRIPTION RADAR ALTIMETER.

The radar altimeter AN/APN-209 (figure 3-16) is a short
pulse, terrain tracking and altitude sensing radar system
that measures and visually indicates by pointer and digital display actual clearance in feet between the helicopter and terrain over a range from zero to 1500 feet. The
indicator contains all the electronic components necessary for the generation, reception, and tracking of the
radar pulses. The indicator provides precise altitude indications with a manually set low-level and high-level
warning flag to warn when a predetermined low and high
altitude limit has been reached.
3-66. CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS RADAR ALTIMETER.

NOTE
Refer to TM 11-5841-284-23&P for
additional operating instructions. Particular attention shall be given to Obstacle
Avoidance as follows: The altimeter
system tracks the terrain below the aircraft and, therefore, will not provide useful information to aid in obstacle
avoidance. By the time a sufficient area
of an obstacle is within the antenna
beams so the altimeter set can display
the near object, the aircraft probably
could not be maneuvered to avoid the
object.
Change 11
(1) LO SET control knob Rotate clockwise

from OFF. Set low limit index as desired.
(2)
desired.
HI SET control knob Set high limit index as
b. Self-Test Operation.
(1)
High limit index Set to 800 feet.
(2)
Low limit index Set to 80 feet.
(3) HI SET control knob Push and hold. Verify

pointer indicates 1000 ($100 feet), digital display reads
1000 ($100 feet), and HI level warning flag is exposed.
(4) HI SET control knob Release. Verify pointer indicates 0 ($5) feet, digital display reads -0 to 3 feet,
and low warning flag is exposed.
c. Stopping Procedure. LO SET control knob
Rotate counterclockwise from LO.
3-67.1. RADAR ALTIMETER (with MWO

1-1520-228-10-50-52).
NOTE
Simultaneous operation of the AN/
APR-39, radar warning receiver and the
AN/APN-209 radar altimeter will cause
a strobe to appear on the AN/APR-39
CRT and an audio tone can be heard in
the headset for IGE hover.
3-67.2. DESCRIPTION RADAR ALTIMETER.
3-67. OPERATING PROCEDURES RADAR ALTIMETER.
3-32
a. Altimeter Operation.
The radar altimeter AN/APN-209 (V) (figure 3-16) is a

short pulse, terrain tracking and altitude sensing radar
system that measures and visually indicates by pointer
and digital display actual clearance in feet between the
helicopter and terrain over a range from zero to 1500
feet. The indicator contains all the electronic components necessary for the generation, reception, and
tracking of the radar pulses. The indicator provides precise altitude indications with a manually set low-level
and high-level warning voice and flag to warn when a
predetermined low and high altitude limit has been
reached.
3-67.3. CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS

RADAR ALTIMETER.
TM 55-1520-228-10
3-67.4. OPERATING PROCEDURES
RADAR ALTIMETER.
NOTE
Refer to TM 11-5841-284-23&P for
additional operating instructions. Particular attention shall be given to Obstacle
Avoidance as follows: The altimeter
system tracks the terrain below the aircraft and, therefore, will not provide useful information to aid in obstacle
avoidance. By the time a sufficient area
of an obstacle is within the antenna
beams so the altimeter set can display
the near object, the aircraft probably
could not be maneuvered to avoid the
object.
the pointer again. The ALTITUDE LOW - TOO LOW

audio warning should be again heard at its initial FULL
volume level.
(5) Lower knob Adjust counterclockwise until
the LO bug is below the pointer, (but not quite to the
OFF position). The warning audio should cease. The LO
indicator should be extinguished.
(6) Lower right knob Depress and hold to put
the Radar Altimeter into the test mode. A periodic ALTITUDE HIGH-CHECK ALTITUDE should be heard in all
headsets. Also, the HI indicator on the radar altimeter
should be illuminated.
(7) Push-To-Test knob Release. The warning
audio message should cease. The HI indicator should
be extinguished.
c. Stopping Procedure. LO SET control knob
Rotate counterclockwise from LO.
a. Altimeter Operation.
(1) LO SET control knob Rotate clockwise
from OFF. Set low limit index as desired.
(2)
desired.
HI SET control knob Set high limit index as
b. Self Test Operation.

(1) Lower right knob Press. The pointer and
digital display should read 1000 feet ($ 100). Also, the
HI indicator on the radar altimeter should be illuminated.
Release the knob. The reading should extinguish.
(2) Lower left knob Adjust clockwise until the
LO bug is positioned above (greater in altitude than)
the pointer. A periodic audio warning ALTITUDE LOWTOO-LOW should be heard in all headsets. Also, the
LO indicator on the radar altimeter should be illuminated.
(3) Master ICS volume control Rotate on each
respective ICS unit. The audio warning volume should
fluctuate. The audio warning volume level can also be
altered by momentarily pressing the Push-To-Test
(PTT) knob (lower-right) on the radar altimeter itself after the voice warning has been initiated. Depress the
PTT knob once. The audio warning volume should be
1/2 the initial level. Depress the PT knob a second time.
the audio warning message should be disabled. Once
the volume level is reduced 1/2 initial level, the audio
warning volume level cannot be changed (except by
adjusting the master ICS volume control) or once disabled it cannot be brought back.
(4) Lower left knob Adjust counterclockwise
until the LO bug is below the pointer, then adjust the
knob clockwise until the LO bug is positioned above
3-68. RADAR SIGNAL DETECTING SET

(AN/APR-39A(V)1).
Refer to TM 11-5841-294-12.
3-68.1. DESCRIPTION RADAR SIGNAL

DETECTING
SET
(AN/
APR-39A(V)1).
a. Description. The radar signal detecting set AN/
APR-39A(V)1 provides the pilot with visual and audible
warning when a hostile fire control threat is encountered. The equipment responds to hostile fire-control
radars but non-threat radars are generally excluded.
The equipment also receives missile guidance radar
signals and, when the signals are time-coincident with
a radar tracking signal, the equipment identifies the
combination as an activated hostile surface-to-air missile (SAM) radar system. The visual and aural displays
warn the pilot of potential threat so that evasive maneuvers can be initiated.
b. Function.
(1) The AN/APR-39A(V)1 receives, processes
and displays pulse type signals operating in the C-D and
H-M radio frequency bands. The emitters that it processes and displays are derived from the emitter identification data (EID) contained in the user data module
(UDM) that is inserted in the top of the digital processor.
In normal circumstances the processor is classified confidential if a classified UDM is installed.
(2) The UDM contains the electronic warfare
threat data that makes up the specific library for a specific mission(s) or a geographical location (it is theaterized). When a match of the electronic warfare data
Change 11
3-32.1
TM 55-1520-228-10
occurs the processor generates the appropriate threat

symbology and synthetic audio. It is important therefore
that the correct theaterized EID and UDM are installed
for the mission or geographic location.
(3) Symbol generation and position relative to
the center of the CRT shows the threat lethality, it does
not show or represent any liability of range, but of condition/mode of the emitter. Highest priority threats (most
lethal) are shown nearest the center. Each symbol defines a generic threat type, symbols are modified to
show change in the status of the emitter. The symbols
are unclassified, the definitions of what the symbols
mean are classified. The complete set of symbols and
definitions are contained in TM 11-5841-294-30-2. Each
theaterized library EID has a specific classified pilot
kneeboard produced with it. The unit electronic warfare
officer (EWO) should contact PM-ASE if sufficient cards
are not available within his unit for the installed EID.
test should be initiated after approximately one minute.

Self test can be performed in MODE ONE or MODE
TWO. In MODE ONE the synthetic voice will announce
SELF TEST SET VOLUME, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12. In MODE TWO the synthetic voice will announce SELF TEST SET VOLUME, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1.
(2) The CRT will display specific software version numbers (i.e., operational flight program (OFP)) at
the 12 oclock position and the emitter identification data
(EID) at the 6 oclock position.
(3) After the software version numbers have
been displayed the test sequence checks the receivers.
A good visual self test will show two triangles, one at the
6 oclock and one at the 12 oclock position on the CRT.
Snowflake symbols (*) will appear at the 2, 4, 8, and 10
oclock positions and will flash if the AN/AVR-2 laser
detecting set is not installed. This is a normal indication
and does not effect system performance.
3-69. CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS RADAR SIGNAL DETECTING SET (AN/

APR-39A(V)1).
(4) A good self test (no faults detected) ends

with the message APR-39 OPERATIONAL. A bad self
test (faults detected) ends with the APR-39 FAILURE.
b. MODE 1 Operation. Selecting MODE ONE the

operator will hear all the normal synthetic voice audio
when an emitter has been processed (e.g., the AN/
APR-39A(V)1 will announce; SA, SA-18 12 OCLOCK
TRACKING). Selection of this mode does not have any
effect on emitters received, processed or displayed. It
only affects synthetic voice audio.
3-70. OPERATING PROCEDURES RADAR SIGNAL DETECTING SET (AN/

APR-39A(V)1).
a. Self-Test Mode.
(1) After power up, the AN/APR-39A(V)1 synthetic voice will announce APR-39 POWER UP and
the (+) symbol will stabilize in the center of the CRT. Self
3-32.2
Change 11
c. MODE 2 Operation. Selecting MODE TWO the

operator will hear an abbreviated synthetic voice audio
(e. g., the AN/APR-39A(V)1 will announce, MISSILE 12
OCLOCK TRACKING).
TM 55-1520-228-10
3-32.3
TM 55-1520-228-10
ZPCONTROL PANEL (AN/APR-39A(V)1)
CONTROL/INDICATOR
1.
PWR Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FUNCTION
Two-position locking toggle switch.
ON (up) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provides 28vdc power for manual operation.

PWR switch locks into ON position.
OFF (down) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Secures system off.

Pull switch handle to release lock before attempting to set
PWR switch to OFF.
2.
TEST Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.
MODE Switch:
Press TEST pushbutton to start system self-test.

Self-test described in paragraph 3-70.a.
MODE 1 (up) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selects normal message format.
MODE 2 (down) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selects test (abbreviated) message format.

Mode 2 reduces audio distractions when operating in dense
signal environments.
4.
AUDIO Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sets synthetic voice audio level (volume) to the aircraft ICS.

Turn AUDIO control clockwise to increase volume.
Turn AUDIO control counterclockwise to decrease volume.
5.
Edge-Lit Panel Legends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Brightness is controlled by aircraft dimmer control.
Figure 3-17. Radar Signal Detecting Set AN/APR-39A(V)1 (Sheet 1 of 2)
3-32.4
Change 11
(3-32.3 blank)/3-32.4
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
CAUTION
Excessive indicator display
brightness may damage CRT.
NOTE
Plus (+) symbol will be
centered on indicator display during operation and
self-test.
MISSILE ALERT INDICATOR / DISPLAY (AN/APR-39A(V)1)
CONTROL/INDICATOR
FUNCTION
1.
MA Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Missile Alert (MA) lamps are not used in AN/APR-39A(V)1.
2.
MA Lamp Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MA lamps are not used in AN/APR-39A(V)1.
3.
BRIL Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Varies Indicator display brightness.

Turn clockwise to increase brightness.
Turn counterclockwise to decrease brightness.
Adjust BRIL control for best readable display.
4.
Lethality Ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The most lethal threats are within this ring.
5.
Tick Marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
At 30 degree increments, provide relative bearing reference

in clock positions.
Figure 3-17. Radar Signal Detecting Set AN/APR-39A(V)1 (Sheet 2 of 2)
Change 11
3-33
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION IV. AN/ARC-201 SINCGARS RADIO SET

3-71. VHF/FM RADIO SET AN/ARC-201.
3-72. DESCRIPTION VHF/FM RADIO
SET.
(a)
FREQ key Press.
(b)
CLR key Press.
(c) Key in desired frequency.

(d)
The AN/ARC-201 VHF FM facility, consisting of a 2300

channel (approximately) radio set, an improved FM filter
amplifier (IFM), FM communication antenna, and FM
homing antenna, is used for point-to-point FM voice
communication and station homing. The facility operates in the very high frequency range of 30.000 to
87.975 MHz in 0.025 MHz steps. The VHF FM radio set
contains a multichannel, electronically tunable main receiver and transmitter, and Electronic Counter Countermeasures (ECCM). Retransmission of voice CW or
X-mode communications is possible when a second set
(AN/ARC-201) is installed. The radio sets are marked
VHF FM COMM and are installed in the instrument panel center. Antenna locations are shown in figure 3-1.
(6) VOL Adjust.

(7) Transmit. Transmit-Interphone selector
position No. 1 (No. 5 for FM#2).
b. Frequency Hopping.
NOTE
To operate radio set frequency hopping
mode, perform the following steps before PRESET selection:
(1) FUNCTION selector switch LD-V.
(2)
3-73. CONTROLS AND FUNCTION FM

RADIO SET AN/ARC-201 & ZEROIZE
SWITCH.
MODE selector switch FH.
(3) PRESET channel select switch MAN. Display reads FILL T.

(4) Connect an ECCM fill device to radio set
FILL connector.
(a) ECCM device power switch ON.

(b)
3-74. OPERATING PROCEDURES FM

RADIO SET AN/ARC-201 & ZEROIZE
SWITCH.
STO/ENT key Press.
Selector switch T1.
(5) On radio set, H-LD/O key Press. Display

reads STO T, then COLD.
(6) On ECCM device, switch T1 to 1.
(7)
FUNCTION selector switch LD.
(8)
H-LD/O Press. Display reads hopset num-
(9)
STO/ENT Press.
ber.
(1)
FUNCTION selector switch SQ ON.
(2) MODE selector switch SC.
(10) Key pad 1 Press. Stores HOPSET data

in PRESET 1.
(3) PRESET selector switch MAN.
(11) Repeat steps 4 through 10 for remaining

PRESET numbers 2 through 6.
(4) IFM RF PWR selector switch Set as required.

(5) Frequency Select frequency using key
pad as follows:
3-34
Change 10
NOTE
To operate Time of Day (TOD), both radios must be within 1 minute of each
other in order to establish communications in steps 11 through 17.
(12) TIME key Press once.
TM 55-1520-228-10
(13) CLR key Press.

(a) Enter day.
(b)
ENT key Press.
(c)
TIME key Press.
(d) CLR key Press.

(e)
Enter hour
(f)
Enter minute
(g)
ENT key Press.
(14) FUNCTION selector switch SQ OFF.

(15) MODE selector switch FH.
(16) PRESET selector switch 1.
(17) Establish communications.
c. Homing.
(1)
MODE selector switch HOM.
(2) Frequency Select FM homing station frequency using key pad as follows:
(a)
FREQ key Press.
(b) CLR key Press.

(c) Key in desired frequency.
(d)
STO/ENT key Press.
(3) Observe homing information on the heading-radio bearing indicator.

d. Retransmission.
NOTE
Frequencies must have a minimum of 5
MHz difference, such as 30.00 MHz and
35.00 MHz.
(1)
Frequencies Select (Both FM Sets).
(2) Communications Establish with each facility by selecting number 1 position and then number 5
position on Transmit-Interphone selector.
(3) FUNCTION selector switch RXMT (Both
FM Sets).
(4)
FUNCTION selector switch OFF.
e. Scanning.
The RT can scan up to eight preset SC frequencies. The
frequencies it can scan are the ones loaded into the
presets 1-6, MAN, and CUE. When a signal is found,
that channel is locked in. The RT display will show the

channel number, and you can listen and talk on that
channel. When the channel has been inactive for 2.5
seconds, scanning will begin again.
One of the presets can be selected to be the priority
preset. The priority preset is scanned more often. The
RT will transmit on the priority preset at any time just by
pressing the push-to-talk on the headset.
(1) Starting Scanning.
(a) Set RT switches: FUNCTION SQ ON;
MODE FH; PRESET CUE. Set other switches as
needed.
(b) Press STO (Sto/ENT) button on RT.
The display reads SCAN.
(c) Press a number, 0-8. This tells the RT
which preset has priority (0 is MAN; 7 is CUE; 8 is no
priority).
(2) Transmitting on a Locked-in Preset. Press
push-to-talk and speak into headset. Do this within 2.5
seconds after traffic has stopped.
(3) Selecting a Preset for Transmission. Press
number for channel on radio set keyboard. Press pushto-talk within 2.5 seconds after display shows preset
number.
(4) Cancelling a Preset from Scan Sequence
Press number for preset on radio set keyboard, then
press CLR. The priority preset cannot be cancelled.
The display changes to CLR and preset number.
Scanning begins. The cancelled preset will not lock in
again.
(5) Restoring a Cancelled Preset. Press number for the cancelled preset. The display will shows CH
and preset number. The preset is now back in the scanning sequence.
(6) Starting Scanning While Locked on a Preset. Press STO (Sto/ENT) button on radio set.
(7) Checking Frequency of Locked-in Preset. Press FREQ pushbutton on radio set while channel
number is in display. The display changes to show frequency.
(8) Stopping Scanning. Set radio set PRESET
switch to a different position.
3-75. ZEROIZE SWITCH.

a. Description. The zeroize switch provides the
ability to zeroize all special codes contained in the AN/
ARC-201, TSEC/KY-58, and TSEC/KIT-1A Computer
when activated. Power must be applied to aircraft in
order for the switch to function.
Change 11
3-35
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL/INDICATOR
1.
FUNCTION
FUNCTION Selector
OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power off.
TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
In this position, the major components of the Radio Set are

examined to verify their operation. Results of test are presented on front panel display.
SQ ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receiver On; Transmitter Standby; Squelch Enabled.
SQ OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receiver On; Transmitter Standby; Squelch Disabled.
RXMT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Activates retransmission mode when second FM set is

installed.
LD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
In this position, preset frequencies, time, ECCM net parameters, and lockout channels may be entered.
LD-V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
In this position, TRANSEC variable is loaded into the RT.
Z-A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
When activated, all ECCM TRANSEC variables are zeroed.
STOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Completely disables all radio circuits during an extended

period of inactivity such as storage.
Figure 3-18. AN/ARC-201 Control Panel & Zeroize Switch (Sheet 1 of 2)
3-36
Change 10
TM 55-1520-228-10
CONTROL INDICATOR
FUNCTION
2. MODE Selector
HOM ........................................................................
Activates homing mode and display on radio bearing

heading indicator. Voice communications can be
conducted in this mode.
SC ...........................................................................
Activates Single Channel mode of operation.
FH ...........................................................................
Activates Frequency Hopping mode of operation.
FH-M.........................................................................
Activates Frequency Hopping-Master mode of operation.
3. PRESET Selector
MAN ........................................................................
The manual position is used in SC mode to select any

operating frequency.
1 through 6 ...............................................................
In SC mode, preset frequencies are selected or loaded.

In FH or FH-M mode, frequency hopping nets are
selected.
CUE .........................................................................
Allows a non-ECCM radio to signal an ECCM radio that

is in FH mode.
4. IFM RF PWR Selector

OFF .........................................................................
Off (Bypass)
LO ...........................................................................
Low Power
NORM ......................................................................
Normal Power
HI ...........................................................................
High Power
5. VOL
...........................................................................
6. Display .........................................................................
Indicates active frequency, Hopset numbers, Failure

codes, and Key board inputs.
7. Keyboard ......................................................................
The keyboard is a 15-button array of pressure switches

used to insert or display data.
8. FILL
This connector is used to fill ECCM parameters from an

external fill device.
...........................................................................
9. Zeroize Switch ..............................................................
This switch, when activated, zeroizes all codes

contained in AN/ARC-201, TSEC/KY-58, and TSEC/KIT1A Computer.
Figure 3-18. AN/ARC-201 Control Panel & Zeroize Switch (Sheet 2 of 2)
Change 10
3-37/(3-38 blank)
TM 55-1520-228-10
CHAPTER 4
MISSION EQUIPMENT
SECTION I. MISSION AVIONICS

(NOT APPLICABLE)
SECTION II. ARMAMENT

(NOT APPLICABLE)
PAGES 4-2 THROUGH 4-20 (INCLUDING PARAGRAPHS 4-1 THROUGH 4-29

AND FIGURES 4-1 THROUGH 4-10) HAVE BEEN DELETED.
Change 10
4-1/(4-2 blank)
TM 55-1520-228-10
CHAPTER 5
OPERATING LIMITS AND RESTRICTIONS
SECTION I.
5-1. PURPOSE.
GENERAL
5-3. EXCEEDING OPERATIONAL LIMITS.
This chapter includes all important operating limits and

restrictions that must be observed during ground and
flight operations.
5-2. GENERAL.
The operating limitations set forth in this chapter are the
direct results of design analysis, tests, and operating experiences. Compliance with these limits will allow the
pilot to safely perform the assigned missions and to derive maximum utility from the helicopter.
SECTION II.
Anytime an operational limit is exceeded, an appropriate

entry shall be made on DA Form 2408-13-1. Entry shall
state what limit or limits were exceeded, range, time beyond limits, and any additional data to aid maintenance
personnel in the required inspection.
5-4. MINIMUM CREW REQUIREMENTS.
The minimum crew requirement consists of only the pilot, whose station is at the right side of the aircraft. Additional crewmembers as required will be added at the
discretion of the commander, in accordance with pertinent Department of the Army regulations.
SYSTEMS LIMITS
5-5. INSTRUMENT MARKINGS.

The operating ranges for both the helicopter and engine
are listed below and shown in figure 5-1 A. and figure
5-2 C..
NOTE
For OH-58A aircraft, reference figure 5-2
for power turbine tachometer, gas producer
tachometer, torquemeter, and turbine outlet
temperature.
a. Operating Limitations and Ranges. Operating
limitations and ranges are illustrated by the colored
markings which appear on the dial faces of engine,
flight, and utility system instruments. Red markings on
the dial faces of these instruments indicate the limit
above or below which continued operation is likely to
cause damage or shorten life. The green markings
on instrument indicate the safe or normal range of
operation. The yellow markings on instruments indicate
the range when special attention should be given to
the operation covered by the instrument. Operation is
permissible in the yellow range, but is time limited. The
blue markings on instruments indicate recommended

maximum IAS for autorotation. (Green areas will have
a single line and yellow areas two yellow lines. This is
for identification under night lighting conditions or when
using night vision goggles C.).
b. A. Limitation Markings. Limitation markings
consist of strips of semi-transparent color tape which
adhere to the glass outside of an indicator dial. All round
instruments that have range markings on glass face
must also have a white slippage mark between glass
and frame. All other limitation markings are painted on
dial faces under glasses.
c. C. Limitation Markings. The instrument markings containing the saw tooth red line () are
placed on the dial face with respect to the operating
limit as shown in figure 5-2. The saw tooth edge of the
red lines serves to caution the pilot that he is approaching a limit as shown in figure 5-2, Detail A. A white
dot on the face of the instrument indicates the safe or
normal range of operation. A chevron () indicates
above or below operating limits and to go in direction of
point.
Change 14
5-1
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 5-1. Instrument Markings A.
5-2 Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 5-2. Instrument Markings (Sheet 1 of 3)
(5-3 blank)/5-4 Change 14
TM 55-1520-228-10
Change 11
5-5
TM 55-1520-228-10

5-6. TRANSMISSION OIL TEMPERATURE LIMITS.
NOTE
110C - Warning Light On.
5-7. TRANSMISSION OIL PRESSURE LIMITS.
30 2 PSI MINIMUM Warning Light On.
NOTE
Light will remain on until 36 psi is exceeded.
C. Refer to figure 5-2 for transmission oil pressure limits.
5-8. WIND LIMITATIONS.

a. The helicopter can be started in a maximum wind
velocity to 45 knots and a maximum gust spread of 15
knots.
5-6
Change 14
Gust spreads are not normally reported. To obtain spread, compare minimum and maximum
wind velocities.
b. Maximum wind for hovering is 35 knots crosswind and 30 knots tailwind.
c. Maximum wind for mooring is 65 knots parallel
to the ground in any direction.
5-9. DELETED.
5-10. TOWING LIMITATIONS.
The maximum gross weight for towing the helicopter is
3000 pounds on prepared or unprepared surfaces.
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION III. POWER LIMITS

5-11. ENGINE LIMITATIONS.
(2) Practice autorotation is prohibited using

emergency fuel.
Refer to Figure 5-1 A , Figure 5-2. If N2 limit is exceeded, entry on DA Form 2408-13-1 must include duration
and torque indicated.
5-13. DELETED.
5-12. FUEL OPERATION LIMITS.
5-14. ENGINE STARTING LIMITATIONS.
a. JP-4. No restrictions are imposed when JP-4 fuel

is used.
b. JP-5, JP-8, Jet A and Jet A-1. Operations with
these fuels are restricted to ambient temperatures of
-32_ C (-25_ F) and above. If fuel other than JP-4 is
used, a deceleration check must be performed prior to
first flight of the day. If autorotations are to be performed,
a deceleration check will be done prior to each flight.
NOTE
Engine starting difficulties may be encountered if any fuel other than JP-4 is
used at ambient temperatures below
+5_C (+39_ F).
c. Emergency Fuel Aviation Gasoline (MIL-G5572) without Tricreasyl Phosphate (TCP).
(1) The helicopter shall not be flown when
emergency fuel has been used for a total accumulated
time of 6 hours. Entry in remarks section of DA Form
2408-13-1 is required for each time emergency fuel is
used.
During starting if N1 does not reach 58 percent in a total

time of 45 seconds (or 60 seconds below 10_C FAT),
close throttle and press starter switch until TOT is below
200_C. If engine fails to start on third attempt, abort start
and make an entry on DA Form 2408-13-1.
5-15. HEALTH INDICATOR TEST (HIT).

HIT is the method by which the aviator in day-to-day
flying monitors aircraft engine condition. This is accomplished by the aviator selecting N1 speed (%) predicted
upon the existing FAT. The TOT must then be compared
to predicted value (Baseline TOT) within a certain tolerance. TOT variation from baseline values are logged by
the aviator. This log is part of aircraft records and is an
aid to maintenance personnel in monitoring performance
trends and troubleshooting the engine. When the different between recorded and baseline TOT is $20_C or
greater, an entry on DA Form 2408-13-1 will be made to
notify maintenance. Limits for grounding are $40_ C.
5-16. HOVERING LIMITATIONS.

Change 14
5-7
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION IV. LOAD LIMITS

5-17. CENTER
TIONS.
OF
GRAVITY
LIMITA-
5-18. WEIGHT LIMITATIONS.

Maximum gross weight is 3200 pounds.
Maintain the aircraft within the limits in the center of

gravity limitation charts in Chapter 6.
SECTION V. AIRSPEED LIMITS

b. Whenever any OH-58A/C helicopter is operated
without its cabin doors:
5-19. AIRSPEED LIMITS.
a. Refer to airspeed operating limits chart (figure

5-3) for forward airspeed limits.
(2) If the rear cushions (bottom and back) are

modified per MWO 55-1520-228-30-30, they may remain installed provided seat belts and shoulder harnessses are installed, properly fastened and tightened.
b. Sideward flight limits are 35 knots.
(3) Loose equipment or components must be

removed or secured.
c. Rearward flight limits are 30 knots.
d. Recommend maximum indicated airspeed for

autorotation is 100 knots.
e. Maximum indicated air speed with any door removed is 100 knots.
AND
CABIN
DOOR
a. Helicopter will not be flown without cabin doors

unless heavy duty rear electronics compartment soundproof blanket (P/N 206-070-893-7), or its approved
equivalent, has been installed. Helicopter will not be
flown with only one cockpit door or one cabin door removed.
5-8
Change 10
c. Doors shall not be opened in flight.
5-21. A
FLIGHT RESTRICTION WITH
FLOAT LANDING GEAR INSTALLED.
a. Airspeed Limit. Float landing gear installed Rearward and sideward airspeed limit is 30 knots. Figure 5-3.
5-19.1. DELETED.
5-20. COCKPIT
RESTRICTIONS.
(1) All soundproof blankets must be in serviceable condition and firmly attached. Pilot must verify.
b. Altitude Limitation.
(1)
Maximum operating - 15,000 feet altitude.
(2) Flight to lower altitude increase pressure

0.5 PSI per 1000 feet below base altitude, to minimum
operating altitude.
(3) Flight to higher altitude - Limit climbing flight
to 8000 feet differential pressure altitude. Above 8000
feet differential pressure altitude, reduce float pressure
0.5 PSI per 1000 feet.
TM 55-1520-228-10
T63-A-720
Figure 5-3. Airspeed Operating Limits Chart
Change 11
5-9
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION VI. MANEUVERING

5-22. AEROBATIC MANEUVERS.
Aerobatic maneuvers are prohibited. Aerobatic flight is
defined to be any intentional maneuver involving an
abrupt change in aircraft attitude, an abnormal attitude,
pitch angel greater than $30_ or roll angles greater than
60_, or abnormal acceleration not necessary for normal
flight.
5-23. CONTROL MOVEMENTS.

CAUTION
For gross weights greater than 3000
lbs and density altitudes greater than
sea level, the directional control
margin may be significantly reduced
while hovering in winds from the
right greater than 20 knots or for right
sideward flight at speeds greater
than 20 knots.
Abrupt control movements, including rapid and repetitive anti-torque pedal reversals are prohibited to avoid
excessive stresses in the structure. This restriction in no
way limits normal control application.
5-24. HOVERING LIMITATIONS.

Ten percent of total pedal travel, full right to full left, is
considered adequate for safe control. The rearward airspeed limit is 30 knots and sideward limit is 35 knots
except that control is marginal for certain combinations
of relative wind velocity and azimuth angles (measured
clockwise from the nose of the helicopter). See Chapter
8, for a description of the marginal wind velocity and azimuth angles.
a. A qualified OH-58A/C IP must be in position to

take control of the aircraft.
b. Reported surface winds must not exceed 20
knots.
c. Surface crosswind component must not exceed
10 knots. Wind gust spread must not exceed 10 knots.
d. Touchdown rotor RPM must not be less than
64%.
e. Ground speed at touchdown should be approximately 5 knots.
f. Airspeed during glide shall not be less than that
established for minimum rate of descent.
CAUTION
In any event, relatively long ground
runs with the collective up, or any
tendency to float for long distance
prior to skid contact should be
avoided.
If
vibrations
are
encountered
after
touchdown
immediate lowering of the collective
is recommended.
g. Upon ground contact, collective pitch must be
reduced smoothly to bottom stop without delay while
maintaining cyclic pitch near center position. Application
of aft cyclic should be avoided.
h. Touchdown autorotations downwind are prohibited.
5-27. DELETED.
5-25. FLIGHT RESTRICTIONS AT LOW
GS.
Flight at less than +0.5g is prohibited.
5-26. FLIGHT RESTRICTIONS FOR PRACTICE AUTOROTATION LANDINGS. (Figure

5-4.)
Practice autorotation landings may be accomplished
subject to the following limitations.
5-10
Change 14
5-28. FLIGHT RESTRICTION FOR HIGH

POWER.
NOTE
In aircraft equipped with IR exhaust
stacks, rate of climb in excess of 1000
ft/min may result in divergent aircraft
pitch oscillation which can reach 20 to
30 degree attitudes. This divergence
can be alleviated by either increasing
airspeed during steady climbs or decreasing rate of climb. Climb rates in excess of 1000 ft/min should be avoided.
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 5-4. Practice Autorotation Landing Limits Crosswind Components

5-28.1. SLOPE LANDING/TAKE-OFF LIMITATIONS.
Slope Operations shall be limited to slopes of 8 degrees
or less.
CAUTION
Caution is to be exercised for slopes
greater than 5 degrees since rigging,
loading, terrain and wind conditions
may alter the slope landing capability.
See Rollover characteristics in FM
1-203.
Change 2
5-11
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION VII.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESTRICTIONS
5-29. FLIGHT UNDER INSTRUMENT METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS (IMC).

This aircraft is restricted to visual flight conditions. Flight
into instrument meteorological conditions will be conducted on an emergency basis only.
5-30. FLIGHT RESTRICTIONS IN FALLING OR
BLOWING SNOW.
Flight in falling or blowing snow is prohibited except for
those helicopters with reverse flow inlet fairing installed.
Helicopters having the above features may be flown in
falling or blowing snow provided reverse flow inlet fairings are installed and the following criteria is met.
a.
mile.
Visibility reduced by snow must be at least 1/2
b. Prior to initial takeoff and each subsequent takeoff, inspect the engine as specified in Chapter 8, Section
V, paragraph 8-34.
(1)
Deleted.
(2)
Deleted.
(3)
Deleted.
5-31. FLIGHT OVER SALT WATER.
Prolonged hovering over salt water which results in spray ingestion, indicated by spray on
the windshield, should be avoided.
5-12
Change 14
Salt spray ingestion in turbine engines may result in a

deterioration in performance as well as a loss in compressor stall margin. When operating within 10 miles of
salt water or within 200 miles of volcanic activity appropriate entries should be made on DA Form 2408-13-1 to
alert maintenance.
5-32. FLIGHT IN SAND AND DUST CONDITIONS.
During operations in heavy sand or dusty conditions
without the new improved nozzles will result in lower
inlet particle separator (IPS) efficiency which in turn
severely shortens the engine life.
5-32-1. FLIGHT IN RAIN, SNOW AND ICING
CONDITIONS.
If flown in rain, snow or icing conditions, appropriate entries should be made on DA Form 2408-13-1 to alert
maintenance.
5-33. TURBULENCE LIMITATIONS.
a. Intentional flight into severe or extreme turbulence is prohibited.
b. Intentional flight into moderate turbulence is not
recommended when report or forecast is based on aircraft above 12,500 pounds gross weight.
c.
Intentional flight into thunderstorms is prohibited.
TM 55-1520-228-10
CHAPTER 6
WEIGHT/BALANCE AND LOADING
SECTION I. GENERAL
6-1. GENERAL.
Chapter 6 contains sufficient instructions and data so
that an aviator knowing the basic weight and moment of
the helicopter can compute any combination of weight
and balance.
6-2. CLASSIFICATION OF HELICOPTER.

Army Model OH-58A/C is in Class 2. Additional direc-
tives governing weight and balance of Class 2 aircraft

forms and records are contained in AR 95-1, TM
55-1500-342-23, and DA PAM 738-751.
6-3. HELICOPTER STATION DIAGRAM.

Figure 6-1 shows the helicopter reference datum lines,
fuselage stations, buttlines and waterlines. The primary
purpose of the figure is to aid personnel in the computation of helicopter weight/balance and loading.
Figure 6-1. Helicopter Station Diagram
Change 11
6-1
TM 55-1520-228-10
6-4. LOADING CHARTS.

a. Information. The loading data contained in this
chapter is intended to provide information necessary to
work a loading problem for the helicopters to which this
manual is applicable.
b. Use. From the figures contained in this chapter,
weight and moment are obtained for all variable load
items and are added to the current basic weight and
moment (DD Form 365-3) to obtain the gross weight and
moment.
existing fuselage hardware. The strength of the cargo

tiedowns on the cargo platform is 2100 pounds.
6-7.1. CARGO RESTRAINT CRITERIA.

The amount of restraint that must be used to keep the
cargo from moving in any direction is called the restraint
criteria and is usually expressed in units of force of
gravity, of Gs. Following are the units of the force of
gravity of Gs needed to restrain cargo in four directions:
Direction
Cargo
6-5. CENTER OF GRAVITY LIMIT CHART

(Figure 6-2).
Forward
8 Gs
Rear
8 Gs
a. The gross weight and moment are checked on

figure 6-2 to determine the approximate center of gravity
(cg).
Lateral
4 Gs
Vertical
8 Gs (up)
8 Gs (down)
b. The effect on cg by expenditures in flight of such

items as fuel, etc., may be checked by subtracting the
weights and moments of such items from the takeoff
weight and moment and checking the new weight and
moment on the center of gravity limit chart.
6-8. FUEL LOADING CHART (Figure 6-4).
c. If the weight and moment lines intersect between the forward and aft limit lines, the helicopter is
within flight limits.
NOTE
Auxiliary tank in the passenger area.
NOTE
This check should be made to determine whether or not the cg will remain
within limits during the entire fight.
6-6. CARGO SPACE (Figure 6-3).

The cargo space chart provides information necessary
to ensure that maximum cargo weight does not exceed
the amount specified for different helicopter configurations.
NOTE
Cargo space chart is used in conjunction with figure 6-1 and figure 6-2 to compute parameters of the loading charts
contained in this chapter.
6-7. CARGO PLATFORM.

CAUTION
To prevent damage to floor of cabin,
no cargo will be placed on floor of
helicopter. The cargo platform will be
installed whenever cargo is to be
carried.
The cargo platform will be installed in the cabin for cargo
handling. The platform is a two-piece construction of
plywood sheeting. Provisions are made for mounting to
6-2
Change 14
The purpose of the fuel loading chart is to provide moment/100 for varying quantity (gallons and/or weight in
pounds) for either JP-4, JP-5, or JP-8 fuel.
a. For a given weight of fuel there is only a very

small variation in fuel moment with change in fuel specific weight. Fuel moments should be determined from
figure 6-4. Use the scale for the specific weight closest
to that of the fuel being used.
b. The full tank usable fuel weight will vary depending upon fuel specific weight. The aircraft fuel gage system was designed for use with JP-4, but does tend to
compensate for other fuels and provide acceptable
readings. When possible the weight of fuel onboard
should be determined by direct reference to the aircraft
fuel gages.
c. The following information is provided to show
the general range of fuel specific weights to be expected. Specific weight of fuel will vary depending on
fuel temperature. Specific weight will decrease as fuel
temperature rises and increase as fuel decreases at the
rate of approximately 0.1 lb/gal for each 15 degrees
centigrade change. Specific weight may also vary between lots of the same type fuel at the same temperature
by as much as 0.5 lb/gal. The following approximate fuel
specific weights at 15 degrees centigrade may be used
for most mission planning:
FUEL TYPE
SPECIFIC WEIGHT
JP-4
6.5 LB/GAL
JP-5
6.7 LB/GAL
JP-8
6.7 LB/GAL
TM 55-1520-228-10
FWD
FWD
3000
MS019072
Figure 6-2. Center of Gravity Limit Chart
Change 11
6-3
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 6-3. Cargo Space
6-4
Change 10
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 6-4. Fuel Loading Chart
Change 11
6-5
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 6-5. Personnel Loading
6-6
TM 55-1520-228-10
b. Combat equipped paratroopers: 260 lbs. per individual.
6-9. OIL DATA.

For weight and balance purposes, engine oil is part of
aircraft basic weight.
6-10. PERSONNEL LOADING (Figure 6-5).

Refer to figure 6-5, to compute pilot, copilot/observer
and passenger moments.
NOTE
When helicopter is operated at critical
gross weights, the exact weight of each
individual occupant plus equipment
should be used. If weighing facilities are
not available, or if the tactical situation
dictates otherwise, loads shall be computed as follows.
a. Combat equipped soldiers; 240 lbs. per
individual.
c. Crew and passengers with no equipment: compute weight according to each individuals estimate.
6-11. DELETED.
6-12. DELETED.
6-12.1. DELETED.
6-13. CARGO MOMENT.
Refer to Cargo Moment Chart, figure 6-8, for computing
cargo weight and balance information.
FIGURE 6-6, 6-7, and 6-7.1 HAVE BEEN DELETED
Change 11
6-7/(6-8 blank)
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION II. DD FORM 365

6-14. DD FORM 365-1 - BASIC WEIGHT
CHECK LIST.
The form is a tabulation of equipment that is, or may be,
installed and for which provision for fixed stowage has
been made in a definite location. The form gives the
weight, arm, and moment/100 of individual items for use
in correcting the basic weight and moment on DD Form
365-3 as changes are made in this equipment.
6-15.
DD FORM 365-3 - BASIC WEIGHT AND
BALANCE RECORD.
The form is a continuous history of the basic weight and

moment resulting from structural and equipment
changes. At all times the last entry is considered current
weight and balance status of the basic helicopter.
6-16. DD FORM 365-4 - WEIGHT AND BALANCE
CLEARANCE FORM F.
The form is a summary of actual disposition of the load
in the helicopter. It records the balance status of the
helicopter, step-by-step. It serves as a worksheet on
which to record weight and balance calculations, and
any corrections that must be made to ensure that the
helicopter will be within weight and cg limits.
Change 10
6-9/(6-10 blank)
TM 55-1520-228-10
CHAPTER 7
PERFORMANCE DATA
SECTION I. INTRODUCTION
NOTE
All OH-58A and OH-58C model
aircraft are now equipped with the
T63-A-720 Engine. For performance
planning purposes, all OH-58A
model aircraft will use the OH-58C
model aircraft C performance
charts.
d. Experience will be gained in accurately estimat7-1. PURPOSE.
ing the effects of variables for which data are not presented.
The purpose of this chapter is to provide the best availNOTE
able performance data for the OH-58A/C helicopter.
Regular use of this information will enable you to receive
The information provided in this chapter
maximum safe utilization from the aircraft. Although
is primarily intended for mission planmaximum performance is not always required, regular
ning and is most useful when planning
use of this chapter is recommended for the following
operations in unfamiliar areas or at exreasons.
treme conditions. The data may also be
used in flight, to establish unit or areas
standing operating procedures, and to
a. Knowledge of your performance margin will alinform ground commanders of perforlow you to make better decisions when unexpected conmance/risk tradeoffs.
ditions or alternate missions are encountered.
b. Situations requiring maximum performance will
be readily recognized.
c. Familiarity with the data will allow performance
to be computed more easily and quickly.
7-2. CHAPTER 7 INDEX.

The following index contains a list of the sections and
their respective titles, along with figure numbers, subjects and page numbers for each performance data
chart contained in this chapter.
INDEX
Section
Subject
Page
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
II
Temperature Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6

Figure 7-1. Temperature Conversion Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
III-IX
T63-A-700 Engine A Performance Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Change 11
7-1
TM 55-1520-228-10
Torque Available C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-47

Figure 7-11. Maximum Torque available (30 Minute Operation) Chart C
Sheet 1 of 4, Engine Deice and Heater OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-48
Sheet 2 of 4, Engine Deice and Heater ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-49
Sheet 3 of 4, Engine Deice and Heater OFF and Reverse Flow Inlet Installed . . . . . . 7-50
Sheet 4 of 4, Engine Deice and Heater ON and Reverse Flow Inlet Installed . . . . . . . 7-51
Figure 7-12. Torque Available (Continuous Operation) Chart C
Sheet 1 of 4, Engine Deice and Heater OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-52
Sheet 2 of 4, Engine Deice and Heater ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-53
Sheet 3 of 4, Engine Deice and Heater OFF and Reverse Flow Inlet Installed . . . . . . 7-54
Sheet 4 of 4, Bleed Air ON Particle Separator and Reverse Flow Inlet Installed . . . . . 7-55
XI
Hover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-56
Figure 7-13. Hover Chart C
Sheet 1 of 3, Hover Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-57
XII
Takeoff (not applicable) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-60

Figure NO TAG Takeoff Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
XIII
Cruise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-62
Figure 7-15. Cruise Chart C
Sheet 1 of 13, Pressure Altitude Sea Level to 2000 Ft, FAT = -30_C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-63
Sheet 2 of 13, Pressure Altitude 4000 Ft to 6000 Ft, FAT = -30_C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-64
Sheet 3 of 13, Pressure Altitude 8000 Ft to 14,000 Ft, FAT = -30_C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-65
Sheet 4 of 13, Pressure Altitude Sea Level to 6000 Ft, FAT = -15_C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-66
Sheet 5 of 13, Pressure Altitude 8000 Ft to 14,000 Ft, FAT = -15_C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-67
Sheet 6 of 13, Pressure Altitude Sea Level to 6000 Ft, FAT = 0_C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-68
Sheet 7 of 13, Pressure Altitude 8000 Ft to 14,000 Ft, FAT = 0_C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-69
Sheet 8 of 13, Pressure Altitude Sea Level to 6000 Ft, FAT = +15_C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-70
Sheet 9 of 13, Pressure Altitude 8000 Ft to 14,000 Ft, FAT = +15_C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-71
7-2
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
Sheet 10 of 13, Pressure Altitude Sea Level to 6000 Ft, FAT = +30_C . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-72
Sheet 11 of 13, Pressure Altitude 8000 Ft to 14,000 Ft, FAT = +30_C . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-73
Sheet 12 of 13, Pressure Altitude Sea Level 6000 Ft, FAT = +45_C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-74
Sheet 13 of 13, Pressure Altitude 8000 Ft to 14,000 Ft, FAT = +45_C . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-75
XIV
Drag C
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-76
Figure 7-16. Drag Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-77
XV
Climb Descent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-78

Figure 7-17. Climb Descent Chart C
Figure 7-18. Climb Performance C
XVI
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-79
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Idle Fuel Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-84

Figure 7-19. Idle Fuel Flow Chart C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-85
Change 11
7-3
TM 55-1520-228-10
7-3. GENERAL.
The data presented covers the maximum range of conditions and performance that can reasonably be expected. In each area of performance, the effects
altitude, temperature, gross weight, and other parameters relating to that phase of flight are presented. In
addition to the presented data, your judgment and experience will be necessary to accurately obtain performance under a given set of circumstances. The
conditions for the data are listed under the title of each
chart. The effects of different conditions are discussed
in the text accompanying each phase of performance.
Where practical, data are presented at conservative
conditions. However, NO GENERAL CONSERVATISM
HAS BEEN APPLIED. All performance data presented
are within the applicable limits of the aircraft.
7-4. LIMITS.
final variable is read out at the final scale. In addition to

the primary use, other uses of each chart are explained
in the text accompanying each set of performance
charts. Colored registration blocks located at the bottom
and top of each chart are used to determine if slippage
has occurred during printing. If slippage has occurred,
refer to chapter 5 for correct operating limits.
NOTE
An example of an auxiliary use of the
charts referenced above is as follows:
Although the hover chart is primarily arranged to find torque required to hover,
by entering torque available as torque
required, maximum skid height for hover
can also be found. In general, any single
variable can be found if all others are
known. Also, the tradeoffs between two
variables can be found. For example, at
a given density altitude and pressure altitude, you can find the maximum gross
weight capability as free air temperature
changes.
Applicable limits are shown on the charts as red lines.

Performance generally deteriorates rapidly beyond limits. If limits are exceeded, minimize the amount and
time. Enter the maximum value and time above limits on
DA Form 2408-13 so proper maintenance action can be
taken.
The primary advantage of the helicopter over other aircraft is the capability to hover and takeoff and land vertically (zero air speed flight). To more rapidly calculate the
performance trade-offs in hover mode, a Hover Ceiling
Chart has been included.
7-5. USE OF CHARTS.
7-6. DATA BASIS.
a. Chart Explanation. The first page of each section describes the chart(s) and explains its uses.
The type of data used is indicated at the bottom of each

performance chart under DATA BASIS. The applicable
report and date of the data are also given. The data
provided generally is based on one of four categories:
b. Color Coding. Chart color codes are used as

follows:
(1)
Green is used for example guidelines.
(2)
Red is used for limit lines.
(3) Yellow is used for precautionary or time-limited operation.

c. Reading the Charts. The primary use of each
chart is given in an example and green guideline is provided to help you follow the route through the chart. The
use of a straight edge (ruler or page edge) and a hard
fine point pencil is recommended to avoid cumulative
errors. The majority of the charts provide a standard
pattern for use as follows: enter first variable on top left
scale, move right to the second variable, reflect down at
right angles to the third variable, reflect left at right
angles to the fourth variable, reflect down, etc. until the
7-4
a. Flight Test Data. Data obtained by flight test of

the aircraft by experience flight test personnel at precise
conditions using sensitive calibrated instruments.
b. Derived From Flight Test. Flight test data obtained on a similar rather than the same aircraft and
series. Generally small corrections will have been
made.
c. Calculated Data. Data based on tests, but not

on flight test of the complete aircraft.
d. Estimated Data. Data based on estimates using

aerodynamic theory or other means but not verified by
flight test.
TM 55-1520-228-10
7-7. SPECIFIC CONDITIONS.
7-9. PERFORMANCE DISCREPANCIES.
The data presented are accurate only for specific conditions listed under the title of each chart. Variables for
which data are not presented, but which may affect that
phase of performance, are discussed in the text. Where
data are available or reasonable estimates can be
made, the amount that each variable affects performance will be given.
Regular use of this chapter will allow you to monitor

instruments and other aircraft systems for malfunction,
by comparing actual performance with planned performance. Knowledge will also be gained concerning the
effects of variables for which data are not provided,
thereby increasing the accuracy of performance predictions.
7-8. GENERAL CONDITIONS.
7-10. DEFINITIONS OF ABBREVIATIONS.
In addition to the specific conditions, the following general conditions are applicable to the performance data.
a. Rigging. All airframe and engine controls are assumed to be rigged within allowable tolerances.
b. Pilot Technique. Normal pilot technique is assumed. Control movements should be smooth and continuous.
c. Aircraft Variation. Variations in performance
between individual aircraft are known to exist; however,
they are considered to be small and cannot be individually accounted for.
d. Instrument Variation. The data shown in the
performance charts do not account for instrument inaccuracies or malfunctions.
e. Types of Fuel. All flight performance data is
based on JP-4 fuel. The change in fuel flow and torque
available, when using JP-5, JP-8, Aviation gasoline, or
any other approved fuels, is insignificant.
a. Unless otherwise indicated in the following list of

abbreviations, abbreviations and symbols used in this
manual conform to those established in Military Standard MIL-STD-12, which is periodically revised to reflect
current changes in abbreviations usage. Accordingly, it
may be noted that certain previously established definitions have been replaced by more current abbreviations
and symbols.
b. Capitalization and punctuation of abbreviations
varies, depending upon the context in which they are
used. In general, lower case abbreviations are used in
text material, whereas abbreviations used in charts and
illustrations appear in full capital letters. Periods do not
usually follow abbreviations; however, periods are used
with abbreviations that could be mistaken for whole
words if the period were omitted.
c. The following list provides definitions for abbreviations used in this manual. The same abbreviation
applies for either singular or plural applications.
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviation
Definition
Abbreviation
Definition
AGL
Above ground level
FAT
Free air temperature
ALT
Altitude
FLT
Flight
AVAIL
Available
FT
Foot
Celsius
FT/MIN
Foot per minute
CAS
Calibrated airspeed
FWD
Forward
CL
Centerline
nF
CONFIG
Configuration
Increment of equivalent flat

plate drag area
CONT
Continuous
GAL
Gallon
ECU
Environmental Control Unit
GAL/HR
Gallons per hour
END
Endurance
GW
Gross weight
Fahrenheit
HP
Horsepower
Change 11
7-5
TM 55-1520-228-10
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS (Cont)

Abbreviation
Definition
Abbreviation
Definition
HR
Hour
NM
Nautical Mile
IAS
Indicated airspeed
%Q
Percent torque
IGE
In ground effect
PRESS
Pressure
IN
Inch
PSI
Per square inch
IN HG
Inches of mercury
R/C
Rate of climb
IR
Infrared
R/D
Rate of descent
KIAS
Knots indicated airspeed
RPM
Revolutions per minute
KN
Knot
SPEC
Specifications
Degree
STA
Station
OGE
Out of ground effect
SQ FT
Square feet
LB
Pound
TAS
True airspeed
LB/HR
Pounds per hour
TOT
Turbine outlet temperature
LIM
Limit
TRQ
Torque
MAX
Maximum
USAASTA
MIN
Minute
United States Army Aviation

Systems Test Activity
MIN
Minimum
VDC
Volts, direct current
MM
Millimeter
V NE
N1
Gas producer speed
Velocity, never exceed

(airspeed limitation)
N2
Power turbine speed
XMSN
Transmission
NO.
Number
SECTION II. TEMPERATURE CONVERSION

7-11. FREE AIR TEMPERATURES.
A temperature conversion chart (figure 7-1) is included
for the purpose of converting Fahrenheit temperature to
Celsius.
7-6
TM 55-1520-228-10
TEMPERATURE CONVERSION
EXAMPLE
WANTED
-FREE AIR TEMPERATURE IN DEGREES CELSIUS
TEMPERATURE
CONVERSION
OH-58A/C
KNOWN
FREE AIR TEMPERATURE = +32qF
Figure 7-1. Temperature Conversion Chart
7-7
TM 55-1520-228-10
PAGES 7-8 THROUGH 7-46, INCLUDING PARAGRAPHS 7-12 THROUGH 7-36

AND FIGURES 7-2 THROUGH 7-10, HAVE BEEN DELETED.
7-8
Change 10
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION X. TORQUE AVAILABLE

7-37.
DESCRIPTION.
The torque available charts show the effects of altitude

and temperature on engine torque.
f.
Prolonged IGE hover may increase engine
inlet temperature as much as 10C, therefore,
a higher
FAT must be used to correct for the increase under this
condition.
7-38.
7-39.
CHART DIFFERENCES.
Both pressure altitude and FAT affect engine power

production. Figures 7-11 and 7-12 show power available
data at 30 minute power and maximum continuous
power ratings in terms of the allowable torque as
recorded by the torquemeter (%Q).
Note that the power output capability of the T63-A-720
engine can exceed the transmission structural limit (100
%Q) under certain conditions.
a. Figure 7-11 (sheet 1) is applicable for
maximum power, engine deice and heater off, 30 minute
operation at 100% N2 rpm.
b. Figure 7-11 (sheet 2) is applicable for
maximum power, engine deice and heater on, 30 minute
operation at 100% N2 rpm.
c. Figure 7-11 (sheet 3) is applicable for
maximum power, engine deice and heater off and
reverse flow inlet installed, 30 minute operation at 100%
N2 rpm.
d. Figure 7-11 (sheet 4) is applicable for
maximum power, engine deice and heater on and
reserve flow inlet installed, 30 minute operation at 100%
N2 rpm.
USE OF CHARTS.
The primary use of the charts is illustrated by the

examples. In general, to determine the maximum power
available, it is necessary to know the pressure altitude
and temperature. By entering the upper left side of the
chart at the known pressure altitude, moving right to the
known temperature, then straight down to the bottom of
the lower grid, available torque is obtained. If the CONT
XMSN LIM line is intersected prior to reaching the
temperature line, TORQUE AVAILABLE is 85%.
Operations in the yellow area of the chart (between 85
and 100%) are limited to 5 minutes duration.
7-40.
CONDITIONS.
Chart (figure 7-11) is based upon speeds @ 100%

rotor/engine rpm with grade JP-4 fuel. The use of
aviation gasoline will not influence engine power. Fuel
grade of JP-5 will yield the same nautical miles per
pound of fuel and being 6.8 pounds per gallon will only
result in increased fuel weight per gallon. Because JP-4
and JP-5 have the same energy value per pound, then
JP-5 fuel will increase range by almost 5 percent per
gallon of fuel. The 30 minutes operation limit is based on
TOT indication.
e. Figure 7-12 (sheets 1 through 4) is

applicable for maximum continuous power for the above
mentioned conditions.
7-47
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 7-11. Maximum Torque Available (30 Minute Operation) Chart
7-48
(Sheet 1 of 4)
TM 55-1520-228-10
(Sheet 2 of 4)
7-49
TM 55-1520-228-10
7-50
(Sheet 3 of 4)
TM 55-1520-228-10
(Sheet 4 of 4)
7-51
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 7-12. Torque Available (Continuous Operation) Chart
7-52
(Sheet 1 of 4)
TM 55-1520-228-10
(Sheet 2 of 4)
7-53
TM 55-1520-228-10

7-54
(Sheet 3 of 4)
TM 55-1520-228-10
TORQUE AVAILABLE - CONTINUOUS OPERATION
BLEED AIR ON PARTICLE SEPARATOR AND
REVERSE FLOW INLET INSTALLED
100% RPM JP-4
TORQUE
AVAILABLE
OH-58A/C
T63-A-720
CALIBRATED TORQUE - %Q
DATA BASIS: CALCULATED FROM MODEL SPEC 876. 25 JULY 1975,
CORRECTED FOR INSTALLATION LOSSES BASED ON FLIGHT TEST OF SIMILAR TYPE AIRCRAFT
Figure 7-12. Torque Available (Continuous Operation) Chart (Sheet 4 of 4)
Change 10 7-55
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION XI. HOVER

7-41. DESCRIPTION.
(2) Move right to FAT.
The hover charts (figure 7-13, sheets 1 and 2) show the

hover ceiling and the torque required to hover
respectively at various pressure altitudes, ambient
temperatures, gross weights, and skid heights.
Maximum skid height for hover can also be obtained by
using the torque available from figure 7-11.
(3) Move down to gross weight, read the

maximum right crosswind corresponding to a 10%
directional control margin.
7-42. USE OF CHART.
(5) Read the predicted maximum skid height.

This height is the maximum hover height.
a. The primary use of the charts is illustrated by the

charts examples. In general, to determine to hover
ceiling or the torque required to hover, it is necessary to
know the pressure altitude, temperature, gross weight
and the desired skid height.
CAUTION
Low altitude maneuvering flights at
airspeeds below 35 knots are not
recommended
under
conditions
where power required to hover out of
ground effect exceeds maximum
continuous power.
(4) Move left to intersection with maximum

power available (obtained from figure 7-11).
7-43. CONDITIONS.
The hover charts are based upon calm wind conditions,
a level ground surface, and the use of 100% N2 rpm.
Controllability during downwind hovering, crosswinds,
sideward flight and rearward flight may be inadequate;
however, for stabilized hover in steady winds from the
right (i.e., right crosswind) the wind velocities on the
chart correspond to the maximum one can have and yet
maintain a 10% directional control margin. See Chapter
5 for hovering and low altitude/low airspeed flight
limitations.
WARNING
b. in addition to its primary use, the hover chart

(sheet 2) can also be used to determine the predicted
maximum hover height, which is needed for use of the
takeoff chart (figure 7-14) ; and the maximum right
crosswind corresponding to a 10% directional control
margin. To determine maximum right crosswind and
hover height proceed as follows:
(1) Enter
altitude.
7-56 Change 10
chart
at
appropriate
pressure
Figure 7-13 (sheet 3 of 3) shows 10%

directional control margins only for
the stabilized conditions set forth. It
does not and is not meant to infer
that for corresponding dynamic flight
maneuvering
conditions
such
margins exist
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 7-13. Hover Chart (Sheet 3 of 3)
Change 10
7-59
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION XII. TAKEOFF

(NOT APPLICABLE)
7-44. DELETED.
7-45. DELETED.
7-46. DELETED.
FIGURE 7-14. ON PAGE 7-61 HAS BEEN DELETED.
7-60
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION XIII. CRUISE
7-47. DESCRIPTION.
The cruise charts (figure 7-15, sheets 1 through 13)
show the torque pressure and engine rpm required for
level flight at various pressure altitudes, airspeeds,
gross weights, and fuel flows.
NOTE
The cruise charts are basically arranged
by FAT groupings. Figure 7-15, sheets 1
through 13, are based upon operation
with clean configuration.
7-48. USE OF CHARTS.

The primary use of the charts is illustrated by the examples provided in figure 7-15. The first step for chart use
is to select the proper chart, based upon the planned
drag configuration, pressure altitude, and anticipated
free air temperature; refer to chapter 7 index (paragraph
7-2). Normally, sufficient accuracy can be obtained by
selecting the chart nearest to the planned cruising altitude and FAT, or the next higher altitude and FAT (chart
Example A, Method 2). If greater accuracy is required,
interpolation between altitudes and/or temperatures will
be required (chart Example A, Method 1). You may enter
the charts on any side: TAS, IAS, torque pressure, or
fuel flow, and then move vertically or horizontally to the
gross weight, then to the other three parameters. Maximum performance conditions are determined by entering the chart where the maximum range or maximum
endurance and rate of climb lines intersect the appropriate gross weight; then read airspeed, fuel flow, and percent torque. For conservatism, use the gross weight at
the beginning of cruise flight. For greater accuracy on
long flights it is preferable to determine cruise information for several flight segments in order to allow for decreasing fuel weights (reduced gross weight). The
following parameters contained in each chart are further
explained as follows:
a. Airspeed. True and indicated airspeeds are presented at opposite sides of each chart. On any chart,
(7-61 blank)/7-62
Change 11
indicated airspeed can be directly converted to true airspeed (or vice versa) by reading directly across the
chart without regard for other chart information. Maximum permissible airspeed (VNE) limits appear as red
lines on some charts. If no red line appears, VNE is
above the limits of the chart.
b. Torque (%Q). Since pressure altitude and temperature are fixed for each chart, torque varies according to gross weight and airspeed.
c. Fuel Flow. Fuel flow scales are provided opposite the torque scales. On any chart, torque may be
converted directly to fuel flow without regard for other
chart information. All fuel flow information is presented
with engine deice and heater off. Fuel flow increases 5%
with reverse flow inlets installed, 4% with anti-ice on,
and 4% with bleed air heater on.
d. Maximum Range. The maximum range lines indicate the combinations of weight and airspeed that will
produce the greatest flight range per gallon of fuel under
zero wind conditions. When a maximum range condition
does not appear on a chart it is because the maximum
range speed is beyond the maximum permissible speed
(VNE); in such cases, use VNE cruising speed to obtain
maximum range.
e. Maximum Endurance and Maximum Rate of
Climb. The maximum endurance and maximum rate of
climb lines indicate the airspeed for minimum torque
required to maintain level flight for each gross weight,
FAT, and pressure altitude. Since minimum torque will
provide minimum fuel flow, maximum flight endurance
will be obtained at the airspeeds indicated.
7-49. CONDITIONS.
The cruise charts are based upon operation at 100%
rpm, engine deice and heater off.
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 7-15. Cruise Chart
(Sheet 1 of 13)
7-63
TM 55-1520-228-10
7-64
(Sheet 2 of 13)
TM 55-1520-228-10
(Sheet 3 of 13)
7-65
TM 55-1520-228-10
7-66
(Sheet 4 of 13)
TM 55-1520-228-10
(Sheet 5 of 13)
7-67
TM 55-1520-228-10
7-68
(Sheet 6 of 13)
TM 55-1520-228-10
(Sheet 7 of 13)
7-69
TM 55-1520-228-10
7-70
(Sheet 8 of 13)
TM 55-1520-228-10
(Sheet 9 of 13)
7-71
TM 55-1520-228-10
7-72
(Sheet 10 of 13)
TM 55-1520-228-10
(Sheet 11 of 13)
7-73
TM 55-1520-228-10

7-74
(Sheet 12 of 13)
TM 55-1520-228-10
(Sheet 13 of 13)
7-75
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION XIV. DRAG
7-50.
DESCRIPTION.
The drag chart (figure 7-16) shows the torque change

required for flight due to drag area change as a result of
external configuration changes. Note that the figure
shows drag area change due to specific configurations.
7-51.
USE OF CHART.
The primary use of the chart is illustrated by the

example. To determine the change in torque it is
necessary to know the drag area change, the true
airspeed, the pressure altitude, and the free air
temperature. Enter at the known drag area change,
7-76
move right to TAS, move down to pressure altitude,

move left to FAT, then move down and read change in
torque. In addition, by entering the chart in the opposite
direction, drag area change may be found from a known
torque change.
This chart is used to adjust cruise charts (figure 7-15,
sheets 1 through 13) for appropriate torque and fuel flow
due to equivalent flat plate drag area change ( F).
7-52.
CONDITIONS.
The drag chart is based upon 100% rpm.
TM 55-1520-228-10
DRAG
DRAG
OH-58A/C
T63-A-720
CALIBRATED TORQUE-%Q
Figure 7-16. Drag Chart
Change 10
7-77
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION XV. CLIMB - DESCENT

7-53. DESCRIPTION - CLIMB DESCENT CHART.
The grid of the climb descent chart (figure 7-17) shows
the change in torque (above or below torque required for
level flight under the same gross weight, and
atmospheric conditions) to obtain a given rate of climb or
descent.
EXAMPLE
WANTED (SEE FIGURE 7-15)
EXCESS TORQUE AVAILABLE FOR
MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS POWER
CLIMB
AT
KNOWN
CLEAN CONFIGURATION
7-54. USE OF CLIMB-DESCENT CHART.

GROSS WEIGHT = 3200 LB
The primary uses of the chart are illustrated by the chart
examples.
PRESSURE ALTITUDE = 14000 FEET
a. The torque change obtained from the grid scale

must be added to the torque required for level flight (for
climb) or subtracted from the torque required for level
flight (for descent) obtained from the appropriate cruise
chart in order to obtain a total climb or descent torque.
FAT = -30qC
b. By entering the bottom of the grid with a known

torque change, moving upward to the gross weight, and
left to the corresponding rate of climb or descent may
also be obtained.
FIND INTERSECTION OF 3200 LB GROSS

WEIGHT LINE WITH THE MAXIMUM RATE
OF CLIMB LINE
METHOD
LOCATE CHART (FIGURE 7-15, SHEET 3)
1
MOVE DOWN, READ TORQUE REQUIRED = 53%Q

7-55. CONDITIONS.
The climb-descent chart is based on the use of 100%
rpm.
FIND INTERSECTION OF 3200 LB GROSS

WEIGHT LINE WITH CONTINUOUS
TORQUE AVAILABLE LINE
2
MOVE DOWN, READ TORQUE AVAILABLE = 78%Q
EXCESS TORQUE AVAILABLE = (78-53) = 25%Q
WANTED (SEE FIGURE 7-17)
RATE OF CLIMB AT 70 KIAS
MAXIMUM CONTINUOUS POWER
KNOWN
EXCESS TORQUE AVAILABLE
(FROM FIGURE 7-15, SHEET 3) = 25% Q
GROSS WEIGHT = 3200 LB
METHOD
ENTER CALIBRATED TORQUE SCALE HERE
3
MOVE UP TO GROSS WEIGHT LINE
MOVE LEFT TO RATE OF CLIMB OR
DESCENT SCALE. READ RATE OF
CLIMB = 1290 FT/MIN
7-78
Change 10
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 7-17. Climb Descent Chart C
7-79
TM 55-1520-228-10
7-56.
DELETED.
7-57.
DELETED.
7-58.
DELETED.
PAGES 782, FIGURE 718 (SHEET 2 OF 2) AND 783 HAVE BEEN DELETED.
7-80
Change 12
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION XVI. IDLE FUEL FLOW

7-59. DESCRIPTION.
The idle fuel flow chart (figure 7-19) shows the fuel flow
at flight idle and at flat pitch with 100% rpm.
the idle condition, pressure altitude, and free air temperature. Enter at the pressure altitude, move right to FAT
in appropriate grid, then move down and read fuel flow
on the scale corresponding to the condition. Refer to the
cruise charts to obtain fuel flow for cruise power condition.
7-60. USE OF CHART.
7-61. CONDITIONS.
The primary use of the chart is illustrated by the example. To determine the idle flow, it is necessary to know
This chart is based upon the use of JP-4 or JP-5 fuel and
100% rpm.
7-84
Change 11 Change 11
(7-83 blank)/7-84
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 7-19. Idle Fuel Flow Chart

7-85/(7-86 blank)
TM 55-1520-228-10
CHAPTER 8
NORMAL PROCEDURES
SECTION I. MISSION PLANNING
8-1. MISSION PLANNING.

Mission planning begins when the mission is assigned
and extends to the preflight check of the helicopter. It
includes, but is not limited to, checks of operating limits
and restrictions; weight, balance and loading; performance; publications; flight plan; and crew and passenger briefings. The pilot shall ensure compliance with the
contents of this manual which are applicable to the mission.
8-2. AVIATION
LIFE
EQUIPMENT (ALSE).
b. Passenger Briefing The following guide may be

used in accomplishing required passenger briefings;
items that do not pertain to a specific mission may be
omitted.
(1)
Crew introduction.
(2)
Equipment.
(a) Personal to include ID tags.
(b) Professional.
(c) Survival.
SUPPORT
(3)
(a) Route.
All aviation life support equipment required for mission;

e.g., helmets, gloves, survival vests, survival kits, etc.,
shall be checked.
(b) Altitude.
(c) Time enroute.
(d) Weather.
8-3. CREW DUTIES/RESPONSIBILITIES.

(4)
The minimum crew required to fly the helicopter is a
pilot. During single pilot operations, the pilot shall
occupy the right-hand pilot seat. Additional crew members, as required, may be added at the discretion of the
commander. The manner in which each crew member
performs his duties is the responsibility of the pilot in
command.
a. Crew Briefing. A crew briefing shall be conducted to ensure a thorough understanding of individual
and team responsibilities. The briefing should include,
but not be limited to, copilot, crew chief, mission equipment operator, ground crew responsibilities, and the
coordination necessary to complete the mission in the
most efficient manner. A review of visual signals is desirable when ground guides do not have voice communication with the crew.
Flight data.
Normal procedures.
(a) Entry and exit of helicopter.
(b) Seating.
WARNING
Demonstrate to passenger how and

where loose carry-on equipment will
be
secured.
Demonstrate
to
passenger how seat belts and
shoulder harnesses are to be used
and how they are to be secured when
exiting.
(c) Seat belts.
(d) Movement in the helicopter.
8-1
TM 55-1520-228-10
(e) Internal communication.
(n) Aviation life support equipment (ALSE).
(f) Security of equipment.
(5)
Emergency procedures
(g) Smoking.
(a) Emergency exits.
(h) Oxygen.
(b) Emergency equipment.
(i) Refueling.
(j) Weapons.
(c) Emergency landing/ditching procedures.
(k) Protective masks.
(d) Bail out.
(l) Parachutes.
(e) Survival.
(m) Hearing protection.
(f) Recovery.
SECTION II. OPERATING PROCEDURES AND MANEUVERS

8-4. OPERATING
MANEUVERS.
PROCEDURES
AND
This section deals with normal procedures and includes

all steps necessary to ensure safe, efficient operation of
the helicopter from the time a preflight begins until the
flight is completed and the helicopter is parked and secured. Unique feel, characteristics, and reaction of the
helicopter during various phases of operation and the
techniques and procedures used for taxiing, takeoff,
climb, etc., are described, including precautions to be
observed. Your flying experience is recognized; therefore, basic flight principles are avoided. Only the duties
of the minimum crew necessary for the actual operation
of the helicopter are included. Additional crew duties are
covered as necessary in Section I. Mission equipment
checks are contained in Chapter 4, MISSION EQUIPMENT. Procedures specifically related to instrument
flight that are different from normal procedures are covered in this section, following normal procedures. Descriptions of functions, operations, and effects of
controls are covered in Section IV, FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS, and are repeated in this section only
when required for emphasis. Checks that must be performed under adverse environmental conditions, such
as desert and cold-weather operations, supplement
normal procedures checks in this section and are covered in Section V, ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS.
8-2
Change 11
8-5. SYMBOLS DEFINITION.
The symbol O shall be used to indicate if installed.

The asterisk symbol * indicates that performance of
step is mandatory for all thru-flights. The asterisk applies only to checks performed prior to takeoff. Placarded items such as switch and control labels appear in
capital letters.
8-6. CHECKLIST.
Normal procedures are given primarily in checklist form,
and amplified as necessary in accompanying paragraph
form, when a detailed description of a procedure or
maneuver is required. A condensed version of the
amplified checklist, omitting all explanatory text, is
contained in the operators checklist. To provide for
easier cross-referencing, the procedural steps in the
condensed checklist are numbered to coincide with the
corresponding numbered steps in this manual.
8-7. PREFLIGHT CHECK.

The pilot walk-around and interior checks are outlined in
the following procedures. The preflight check is not intended to be a detailed mechanical inspection. The
steps that are essential for safe helicopter operation are
included. The preflight may be made as comprehensive
as conditions warrant at the discretion of the pilot.
TM 55-1520-228-10
8-8. BEFORE EXTERIOR CHECKS.

1.
Deleted.
2.
Publications Check DA Forms 2408-12, -13,

-14, and -18; DD Form 1896 if required; DD
Form 365-4; Compass Cards; locally required
forms, records and publications; and availability of operators manual (-10) and checklist
(-CL).
* 3.
Pilot seat, seat belt, shoulder harness, and

armor side panels Check condition.
h.
Crew Door Check condition.
8-9. EXTERIOR CHECK.
8-10. AREA 1 (figure 8-1) FUSELAGE

CABIN RIGHT SIDE.
Covers, locking devices, tiedowns (except

main rotor), and grounding cables Removed
and secured.
* 4.
g.
1.
Cabin interior Check as follows:
* a.
Cargo/loose equipment Check for proper

loading and tiedown.
* b.
Auxiliary fuel cell Check condition, fuel

level, and cap secure.
* c.
Passenger seats and belts Check as follows:
Ignition switch On.
5.
Cockpit Check as follows:

a.
FUEL BOOST switch OFF.
b.
BAT switch BAT (check fuel quantity).
c.
NON-ESS BUS switch MAN.
d.
Lights Check and set if use is anticipated

(LDG, ANTI-COLLISION, POS, CONSOLE,
INST, and NVG lights).
e.
f.
WARNING and CAUTION lights Check for

illumination of the ROTOR RPM, MASTER
CAUTION, ENGINE OUT, and XMSN OIL
PRESS lights. Press the WARNING LTS
TEST switch to check XMSN OIL HOT light.
Test caution lights and reset. DC GENERATOR, HYD PRESS, and INST INVERTER
caution lights should remain illuminated. Do
not fly if any of these lights fail to illuminate.
BAT switch OFF.
d.
(1)
Check seat and back cushions for condition and security. Ensure seat belts
are through loops on seat and back
cushions and secured with nylon safety cord.
(2)
Check tabs on top of seat back for condition and security.
(3)
Check seat belts and shoulder harnesses for condition and security. Ensure shoulder harnesses and belts are
properly fastened together and tightened when not in use.
(4)
If seat belts are not installed, seat and

back cushions must be removed prior
to flight with doors off.
First aid kit Check.
Change 11
8-3
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 8-1. Exterior Check Diagram
8-4
Change 10
TM 55-1520-228-10
e.
Fire extinguisher Check.
f.
Cabin door Check condition.
2.
Fuselage Check as following items are

checked:
a.
Static port Check unobstructed.
b.
Landing gear Check condition of crosstubes, skid, skid shoe(s), wheels removed.
c.
Fuel sample Check for contamination before first flight of day. If fuel sump has not
been drained, drain a sample and check.
* d.
* e.
f.
Engine inlet and plenum Check clear.
g.
Engine compartment Check condition;

lines, cables, and connections for condition
and leaks. Secure door.
* h.
FM homing antenna Check condition.
j.
Drain lines and vents Check unobstructed.
k.
Transmission and engine cowling Check

secure.
l.
e.
Tail skid Check condition.

Main rotor blade Check condition, rotate 90
degrees to fuselage, tiedown removed.
8-12. AREA 3 (figure 8-1) TAILBOOM

LEFT SIDE.
* 1.
Tail rotor gearbox Check condition, oil level,

filler cap, and chip detector wire secure.
* 2.
Tail rotor Check condition.
3.
O
Tailboom Check as following items are

checked:
a.
Driveshaft cover Check secure.
b.
Horizontal stabilizer Check condition.
8-13. AREA 4 (figure 8-1) AFT FUSELAGE

LEFT SIDE.
Fuel Check quantity first flight of day and

when refueled. Cap secure.
i.
Vertical fin Check condition; antenna connections secure.
* 2.
Hydraulic reservoir/servos and flight controls Check condition and oil levels. Hydraulic filter button in. Secure door.
Transmission compartment Check condition and oil level. Secure door.
d.
1.

checked:
a.
* b.
Oil tank compartment Check condition of

oil cooler, driveshaft, oil lines, and external
oil filter bypass. Secure door.
Engine oil level Check.
Engine oil tank Check condition, cap secure. Close door.
c.
Avionics compartment Check condition of

compartment and tailboom slippage marks.
Secure door.
8-11. AREA 2 (figure 8-1) TAILBOOM

RIGHT SIDE.
d.
Engine compartment Check condition of

lines, and connections for security and
leaks. Secure door.
e.
FM homing antenna Check condition.
f.
Transmission compartment Check condition. Secure door.
g.
Hydraulic servos and flight controls Check.
h.
External oil filter bypass Check.
1.
Tailboom Check as following items are

checked:
a.
Driveshaft cover Check secure.
b.
Tail rotor drive Check shaft, collars, bearings, and hangers for condition, slippage
marks (if cover not installed).
c.
Horizontal stabilizer Check condition.
2.
Main rotor blade Check condition.
Change 14
8-5
TM 55-1520-228-10

CABIN LEFT SIDE.
1.
Cyclic Check secure or stow as required,

cannon plug connected.
c.
Collective Check secure or stow as required.
d.
Fuselage top Check as following items are

checked:
O
a.
Engine inlet and plenum Check clear.
b.
Engine oil cooler exhaust Check condition.
c.
Engine exhaust Check.
d.
Hydraulic reservoir, lines, slippage marks

and flight controls Check and ensure filter
buttons are in.
e.
Transmission oil filler Check cap secure.
f.
Transmission oil cooler exhaust Check

condition.
g.
Cowling Check secure.

FRONT.
1.
NOTE
Ensure swashplate is level for inspection of outer-ring self-aligning bearings
for main rotor push-pull tubes.
* 2.
Main rotor system Check condition, slippage

marks, swashplate, and flight controls.
3.
Fuselage top Check as following items are

checked:
a.
Mission equipment Check.
b.
c.
4.
Landing gear Check condition, cross

tubes, skid, skid shoe(s). Wheels removed.
Cockpit Check as follows:
a. Copilot seat, seat belts, shoulder harness

and armor side panels (if installed) Check
condition. Secure seat belts and shoulder
harness if seat is not used.
8-6
b.
Change 11

checked:
a.
Static port Check.
b.
Upper WSPS Check.
c.
Windshield Check.
d.
Ram air grill Check.
e.
Pitot tube Check.
f.
Lower WSPS Check.
g.
Fuselage underside Check.
* 2.
Crew and passenger briefing Complete as

required.
8-16. BEFORE STARTING ENGINE.

1.
Deleted.
2.
Shoulder harness lock(s) Check operation.
3.
Overhead switches and circuit breakers Set

as follows:
a.
Cockpit utility lights As required.
b.
Circuit breakers in.
TM 55-1520-228-10
c. INST LTS, CONSOLE LTS, and NVG POS
LTS As required.
*d.
quired.
e.
*7.
ANTI-COLLISION LTS switch As re-
HYD BOOST switch HYD BOOST.
Flight controls Check and set as follows:

a.
Control frictions OFF.
POS LTS switch As required
b. Flight controls Check for full travel; check

engine out/low rotor audio.
f. ENG OIL BYPASS switch OFF. In a combat

situation with the possibility of oil cooler damage, the
switch should be in AUTO.
*8. Throttle Check. Move to open, then to idle

stop; press idle release and close.
*e.
g.
HTR switch OFF.
h.
DEFOG & VENT switch OFF.
i.
PITOT HTR switch OFF.
j.
ENG DEICE switch OFF.
k.
INV switch OFF.
l.
NON-ESS BUS switch MAN.
m.
GEN switch OFF.
*n.
BAT switch As required
o.
AUX RECP switch OFF.
p. Fuel Shutoff Valve Handle Check ON (forward and locked).

q.
*4.
5.
FAT gage Check.
8-17. STARTING ENGINE.

*1.
Fireguard Post if available.
*2.
Rotor blades Check clear and untied.
*3.
Engine Start as follows:

a.
FUEL BOOST switch FUEL BOOST.
b.
STARTER switch Press and hold.
c.
NOTE
Do not wait for N1 to peak out. Delay in moving
the throttle to engine idle may diminish battery
capacity early in the start cycle.
d. Throttle Open to engine idle as N1 Accelerates Through the minimum N1 RPM, as provided below.
GPU Connect for GPU start.

Avionics Off and set.
6. Instrument panel instruments and switches

Check and set as follows:
a. System requirements Check engine instruments for static indications, slippage marks and
operating range limit markings.
b. Flight instruments- Check for static indications, set altimeter to field elevation, and note setting
in Kollsman window.
c.
DIR GYRO/MAG switch As required.
d.
FORCE TRIM switch FORCE TRIM.
TOT Check below 200C.
FAT
(a)
(b)
(c)
Above 7C
18C to 7C
Below 18C
MINIMUM N1
15%
13%
12%
e. Engine Oil Pressure N1 Check for increase by 20% N1.

f.
Main rotor Check moving by 30% N1.
g.
(TOT) Monitor for OVERTEMP conditions.
h.
STARTER switch Release at 5862% N1.
i.
Engine oil pressure Check.
j. ENGINE OUT and XMSN OIL PRESS warning lights check out.
Change 14
8-7
TM 55-1520-228-10
k.
N1 6264 percent.
5.
*6.
Do not have battery switch on and APU system

charging simultaneously for more than 2 minutes. This will prevent an unmonitored battery
from overheating and possibly exploding.
*4. GPU Disconnect; then BAT switch BAT, if
required.
*5.
N2 Stabilized.
*6.
THROTTLE ADJUST 70 percent N1.
*7.
GEN switch GEN.
*8. DC amps Check 60 or less before inverter is

turned on.
*9.
INV switch INV.
*10.
Avionics On.
8-18. ENGINE RUNUP.

*1.
Engine and transmission instruments Check.
b.
(2)
c.
*7.
cure.
count.
8-8
Avionics Check as required.
Change 14
Heading indicators Check and set.
Doors, armor side panels and seat belts Se-
*9. Deceleration check. Perform if required. See

Chapter 5, FUEL OPERATION LIMITS.
a. ENG DEICE Check by moving the switch

to ENG DEICE; check for rise in TOT; then OFF. TOT
should decrease.
4.
Radar Altimeter Test.
8. Health indicator test (HIT) Check. Refer to

HIT TOT log in the helicopter log book. Perform before
first flight of the day.
onds.
d. HTR Check by moving the switch to HTR;

Check for increase in TOT; then OFF. TOT should decrease.
Altimeter Set and check.
(1) Barometric Altimeter Set to current altimeter setting and check altitude error.
3. HEAT and DEICE systems Check if use is

anticipated as follows, then set as required:
c. DEFOG & VENT Check by moving the

switch to DEFOG & VENT; check for an increase in DC
AMPS; then OFF. DC amps should decrease.
Flight Instruments Check and set as follows:
a. Attitude indicator Horizon A. ; Set 5 degrees above horizon to indicate level attitude at cruise
flight C. .
*2. Throttle Slowly increase to open. Set N2 to

100 percent.
b. PITOT HTR Check by moving the switch

to PITOT HTR; check for an incrase in DC AMPS; then
OFF. DC AMPS should decrease.
Deleted.
a.
GEN switch OFF.
b.
N2 RPM 100 percent. Stabilize 15 sec-
c.
Throttle Idle. Simultaneously start a time
d.
Stop as N1 passes through 65 percent.

NOTE
Multiple attempts may be required before proficiency is obtained in timing the deceleration.
e. Check deceleration time. Minimum allowable
time is 2 seconds. If deceleration time is less than 2
seconds, make two checks to confirm the time.
TM 55-1520-228-10
f.
If deceleration time is less than 2 seconds,

aircraft will not be flown. Enter conditions in
the Remarks section of DA Form
2408-13-1.
g.
GEN switch GEN.
h.
Throttle Slowly increase to open.
8-19. BEFORE TAKEOFF.

Prior to takeoff, the following checks shall be accomplished:
* 1.
N2 100 percent.
* 2.
Systems Check engine, transmission, electrical, and fuel systems indications.
* 3.
Crew, passengers, mission equipment, and

seat belts Check.
* 4.
Avionics As required.
8-21. TAKEOFF.
CAUTION
During takeoff with the helicopter
skids close to the ground, nose-low
attitudes of 10 degrees or more can
result in ground contact of the WSPS
lower cutter tip. Forward CG, high
gross weight, high density altitude,
translational lift settling, and tail
wind increases the possibility of
ground contact.
8-22. DELETED.
8-20. HOVER CHECK.

Perform the following checks at a hover:
1.
Flight controls Check.
2.
Engine and Transmission instruments

Check.
3.
Flight instruments Check as required.
4.
Power Check. The power check is performed

by comparing the torque required to hover with
the predicted values from performance charts.
Change 11
8-9
TM 55-1520-228-10
8-23. BEFORE LANDING.
8.
Prior to landing, the following checks shall be accomplished:

1.
Crew, passenger and mission equipment

Check.
2.
Landing light As required.
Battery change Check as follows:

a.
BAT switch OFF.
b.
Ammeter Check change indication. If the

change in indication is less than 5.0 amperes, the battery is fully charged.
c.
BAT switch BAT.
9.
Throttle Close. TOT, stabilize below 400_ C.
8-24. ENGINE SHUTDOWN.

10.
Overhead switches OFF as required.
CAUTION
If throttle is inadvertently rolled to
close position, do not attempt to roll
it back on.
a.
GEN.
b.
ANTI-COLLISION LTS.
c.
POS LTS.
1.
Throttle Engine idle; stabilize TOT for two

minutes.
d.
CONSOLE LTS, INST LTS, and NVG POS

LTS.
2.
FORCE TRIM switch FORCE TRIM.
e.
BAT.
3.
FUEL BOOST switch OFF.
4.
NVG/LDG LTS switch OFF.
5.
Control frictions On.
6.
Avionics Off.
6.1.
Deleted.
7.
8-10
Overhead switches and circuit breakers Set

as follows:
11.
Ignition switch OFF (Keys as required).

CAUTION
Do not drop seat belt against side of
aircraft. Buckles and bracket will
damage honeycomb panel under
crew member doorframe.
O 12.
Doors Close immediately after exiting air

craft.
8-25. BEFORE LEAVING THE HELICOPTER.
a.
ENG OIL BYPASS switch OFF.
b.
HTR switch OFF.
1.
Main rotor blades Tie down as required.
c.
DEFOG & VENT switch OFF.
2.
Walk-around Complete, checking for damage, fluid leaks, and levels.
d.
PITOT HEAT switch OFF.
3.
Deleted.
e.
ENG DEICE switch OFF.
4.
DA Forms 2408-12 and 2408-13-1 Complete.
f.
INV switch OFF.
5.
Secure helicopter As required.
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION III. INSTRUMENT FLIGHT
8-26. INSTRUMENT FLIGHT GENERAL.

This aircraft is restricted to visual flight conditions. Flight
into instrument meteorological conditions will be con-
ducted on an emergency basis only. Flight handling,

stability characteristics, and range are the same during
instrument flight as for visual flight. Navigation and communication equipment are adequate for instrument
flight.
SECTION IV. FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS
8-27. OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS.
a. The flight characteristics of this helicopter, in

general, are similar to other single-rotor helicopters.
b. N2 droop may occur during a normal flight maneuver requiring a rapid increase in power (i.e., rapid
collective and/or tail rotor inputs, high-G maneuvers). If
N2 droop occurs, but low RPM warning is not activated
and N2 recovers to 100 percent within 5 seconds, and
further droop is not experienced, this is considered a
normal flight characteristic.
8-28. MAST BUMPING.

Mast bumping (flapping-stop contact) is the main yoke
contacting the mast and may result in a fractured mast
and rotor separation. It may occur during slope landings,
rotor startup/coastdown, or when the flight envelope is
exceeded. If bumping occurs during a slope landing,
reposition the cyclic to stop the bumping, reestablish a
hover, and land on less sloping ground. If bumping occurs during startup or shutdown, move cyclic to minimize or eliminate bumping. If the flight envelope is
inadvertently exceeded, causing a low G condition and
right roll, move cyclic aft to return rotor to a positive
thrust condition, then roll level, continuing flight if mast
bumping has not occurred. As collective pitch is reduced
after engine failure or loss of tail rotor thrust, cyclic must

be positioned to maintain positive G forces during autorotation. Touchdown should be accomplished prior to
excessive rotor RPM decay. After landing, an entry in
DA Form 2408-13-1 is required for appropriate maintenance inspection.
8-29. SPIKE KNOCK.
a. Spike knock occurs when the round pin in the

drag-pin fitting contacts the side of the square hole of the
pylon stop, which is mounted to the roof. It creates a loud
noise and will occur during a rocking of the pylon. The
following factors can cause spike knock: low rotor RPM,
extreme asymmetric loading, poor execution of an autorotational landing and low G maneuvers below +0.5 Gs.
b. Spike knock will be more prevalent during zero

ground run autorotational landings than for sliding autorotational landings and running landings.
c. Spike knock in itself is not hazardous but is an

indicator of a condition that could be hazardous. If spike
knock is encountered, an entry must be made on DA
Form 2408-13-1, to include the flight conditions under
which the spike knock occurred. An inspection will be
performed by maintenance personnel before continuing.
Change 14
8-11
TM 55-1520-228-10
d. During landing, starting, and rotor coastdown,

spike knock could also occur, especially if there are high
winds and/or the elastomeric damper is deteriorated.
This type of spike knock is not considered damaging to
the aircraft.
8-30. PYLON WHIRL.

Pylon whirl is a condition which occurs after blade flapping and mast bumping. The resultant motion of the
pylon is elliptical, and spike knock is apt to occur. If the
frequency of motion coincides with a particular natural
frequency of the helicopter, and the amplitude and direction of the force is large enough, damaging vibrations
can occur in the aft section tailboom of the helicopter.
Motion of this type could occur during touchdown autorotations, if operational limits are exceeded.
8-31. CRITICAL
MODES.
TAILBOOM
DYNAMIC
Two critical tailboom dynamic modes exist. One of these

may occur during an improperly executed touchdown
autorotational landing, and corresponds to a frequency
of less than 64 percent rotor RPM. The second may occur during
a high speed autorotational entry, or any maneuver in
which application of collective allows a significant decay
in rotor RPM down to a critical frequency corresponding to
approximately 68-73 percent RPM. At high blade angles of
attack (increased collective), there may be a point
where the blade does not produce more lift. When there
is this condition of low rotor speeds and high collective
blade angles, there will be excessive flapping of the
main rotor. The cycle will be as follows: rotor blade flap,
mast bumping and spike knock, which ultimately results
in main rotor inertia/energy transfer to the airframe.
These conditions generate a resonance and the tailboom will rapidly respond to these frequencies. The
tailboom will then have up and down movements as it
responds to the resonant condition and at some point,
a structural failure will occur. Typically, there will be
wrinkles in the tailboom just aft of the boom attaching
points. After the tailboom has buckled and/or been damaged, the vibrations may (and usually will) cease; predominantly, because the failure unloads the condition or
the landing has stopped or main rotor flapping has
ceased. These could be aggravated by high winds and
abrupt cyclic inputs while in the condition. High forward
speed relative to the maneuver may provide the driving
force for excessive blade flapping, mast bumping, and
as a result, damaging vibration. Likelihood of encountering the second mode is remote and is avoidable. If operating limitations of the helicopter are observed.
8-12
Change 14
8-32. LOSS
OF
EFFECTIVENESS.
TAIL
ROTOR
a. Loss of tail rotor effectiveness (LTE) is the occurrence of an uncommanded and rapid right yaw rate
which does not subside of its own accord and which, if
not quickly reacted to, can result in loss of aircraft control. However, the term loss of tail rotor effectiveness
is misleading. The tail rotor on this aircraft has exhibited
the capability to produce thrust during all flight regimes.
Under varying combinations of wind azimuth and velocity, tail rotor thrust variations can occur. When this occurs, the helicopter will attempt to yaw to the right. This
yaw is usually correctable if immediate additional left
pedal is applied. Correct and timely pilot response to an
uncommanded right yaw is critical. If the response is
incorrect or slow, the yaw rate may rapidly increase to
a point where recovery may not be possible in the terrain
flight regime.
NOTE
The pilot must anticipate these variations, concentrate on flying the aircraft,
and not allow a yaw rate to build.
b. Extensive flight testing and wind-tunnel tests
have identified three relative wind azimuth and velocity
regions as capable of adversely affecting aircraft controllability and dramatically increasing pilot workload.
For illustration, specific wind azimuths and velocities are
identified for each region (see figure 8-2). However, the
pilot must realize the boundaries of these regions may
shift in azimuth or velocity depending on the ambient
conditions.
(1) Weathercock stability (120-240 degrees).
Winds within this region will attempt to weathervane the
aircraft into the relative wind. The helicopter exhibits a
tendency to make a slow uncommanded yaw to either
the left or right, depending upon the exact wind direction. Due to the inherent yaw characteristics of this helicopter, the right yaw rate will increase unless arrested
by the pilot. A right yaw can develop into an LTE condition and requires immediate correction.
(2) Vortex ring state (210-330 degrees). Winds
within this region will cause a vortex ring state to develop
around the tail rotor, which, in turn, causes tail rotor
thrust variations. The helicopter exhibits a tendency to
make uncommanded pitch, roll, and yaw excursions.
The subsequent aircraft reactions require multiple pedal, cyclic, and collective inputs by the pilot. Maintaining
a precise heading in this region will be impossible. Pilot
workload in this region will be high; therefore, the pilot
must concentrate fully on flying the aircraft and not allow
a right yaw rate to build.
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 8-2. Effects of wind Azimuth On Aircraft.

Winds
(3) Disc vortex (280-330 degrees).
within this region will cause the main rotor tip vortices
to be directed onto the tail rotor. The effect of this main
rotor vortex is to cause the tail rotor to operate in an
extremely turbulent environment. The helicopter will
exhibit a tendency to make a sudden uncommanded
right yaw which, if uncorrected, will develop into a spin.
When operating in this region, the pilot must anticipate
the sudden demand for left pedal inputs.
c. Other factors which may be present can significantly influence the severity of the onset of Loss of Tail
Rotor Effectiveness (LTE). These factors are:
(1) Gross weight and density altitude. An increase in either of these factors will decrease the power
margin between the maximum available and power required to hover. The pilot should conduct a low level,
low airspeed mission with only minimum essential personnel and equipment on board.
(2) Low indicated airspeed. At airspeeds below
ETL, the tail rotor is required to produce nearly 100 percent of the directional control. If the required amount of
tail rotor thrust is not available, for whatever reason, the
aircraft will yaw to the right.
(3) Power droop. A rapid power application may
cause a transient power droop to occur. Any decrease in
main rotor RPM will cause a corresponding decrease in
tail rotor thrust. The pilot must anticipate this and apply
additional left pedal to counter the main rotor torque. All
power demands should be made as smoothly as possible to minimize the effect of the power droop.
Change 14
8-13
TM 55-1520-228-10
d. The OH-58A/C, in its typical mission configuration, is closer to its maximum gross weight than most
other aircraft in the Army inventory; thus, the pilot is
consistently operating closer to power and directional
control limits. For this reason, the aircraft heading
should be kept into the wind as much as possible; it is
very important that precise heading control be main-
SECTION V.
tained to minimize the yaw excursions that could lead

to LTE. Additionally, it has been determined that there is
a greater susceptibility to LTE for right turns (especially
right downwind turns at low altitude and low airspeeds)
than for left turns. Therefore, pilot should exercise
caution when executing right turns under conditions
conducive to LTE.
ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
8-33. GENERAL
This section provides information relative to operation
under adverse environmental conditions. Section II
checklist provides for operational requirements of this
section. Refer to FM 1-202, Environmental Flight.
8-34. COLD WEATHER OPERATIONS.
Operation of the helicopter in cold weather or an arctic
environment presents no unusual problems if the operators are aware of those changes that do take place and
conditions that may exist because of the lower temperatures and freezing moisture.
a. Inspection. The pilot must be more thorough in
the preflight check, when temperatures have been at or
below 0 degrees C (32 degrees F). Water and snow may
have entered many parts during operations or in periods when the helicopter was parked unsheltered. This
moisture often remains to form ice which will immobilize moving parts or damage structure by expansion and
will occasionally foul electric circuitry. Protective covers
afford protection against rain, freezing rain, sleet, and
snow, when installed on a dry helicopter prior to the precipitation. Since it is not practicable to completely cover
an unsheltered helicopter, those parts not protected by
covers and those adjacent to cover overlap and joints
require closer attention, especially after blowing snow
or freezing rain. Remove accumulation of snow and ice
prior to flight. Failure to do so can result in hazardous
flight, due to aerodynamic and center-of-gravity disturbances, as well as the introduction of snow, water, and
ice into internal moving parts and electrical systems. Pilot should be particularly attentive to the main and tail
rotor systems and their exposes control linkages.
b. Checks.
(1) Exterior checks 0 degrees C (32 degrees F)
to -54C (-65F) Perform exterior check as outlined in
Section II plus the following checks.
8-14
Change 14
Check that all surfaces and controls are free of

ice and snow.
NOTE
Contraction of the fluids in the helicopter system at extreme low temperature causes indication of low levels. A check made just after the previous shutdown and carried forward
to the walk-around check is satisfactory, if no
leaks are in evidence. Filling, when the system is cold-soaked, reveals an over full condition immediately after flight, with the possibility
of forced leaks at seals.
snow.
(a) Main rotor. Check free of ice, frost, and

(b) Engine.
1 Inspect inlet for possible accumulations

of snow, slush, or ice. Accumulations must be removed
from the interior of the reverse flow inlet (hand removal
is acceptable).
2 Inspect the engine plenum chamber
through the plexiglass windows (a flashlight may be
required) on each side of the inlet cowling for snow,
slush, or ice, paying particular attention to the firewalls,
rear face of the particle separator, bottom corners, and
protruding surfaces, such as guide vanes, etc.
3 Visually inspect the plastic particle separator ejector tubes on each side of the engine fairing for
obstructions and snow. A thin film of ice about the interior of each tube is acceptable. External ice, adjacent to
the ejector tube, is acceptable.
TM 55-1520-228-10
4 If exhaust covers are missing or improperly

installed, rain or snow may enter the engine through the
exhaust stacks and subsequently freeze, causing the
N1 and N2 turbine blades to be imbedded in ice. If the
starter is activated under these circumstances, serious
engine damage may result. Visually inspect inside of the
exhaust collector (with a flashlight, if necessary) to ensure that no ice is present. Apply external heat to engine
until all visible ice in the exhaust collector is melted,
before attempting start.
NOTE
Due to the variation in types of jet fuel,
in cold weather the engine may experience a short delay before lightoff after
the throttle is advanced to idle position.
This delay should be less than three
seconds, regardless of the type of fuel
used.
NOTE
(c) Oil tank compartment Check free of ice,

frost, and snow.
(2) Interior check All flights 0 degrees C (32
degrees F) to -54 degrees C (-65 degrees F). Perform
check as specified in Section II.
During cold weather, starting the engine

oil pressure gage may exceed 130 PSI.
The engine should be warmed up at engine idle until the engine oil pressure
indication is below 130 PSI.
(3) Interior check Night flights 0 degrees C (32

degrees F) to -54 degrees C (-65 degrees F). External
power connected. Perform check as specified in Section
II.
(5) Engine runup check. Perform the Check as

outlined in Section II. To prevent the possibility of autoacceleration after takeoff, the engine shall be operated
at idle for the times specified below before completing
runup procedures.
(4) Engine starting check 0 degrees C (32 degrees F) to -54 degrees C (-65 degrees F). Perform as
outlined in Section II.
CAUTION
In the fuel system, condensation and
freezing of moisture in pneumatic
circuits can occur when weather
conditions of low temperature and
high relative humidity are encountered. This condition can cause auto
acceleration of engine.
NOTE
FAT (_C)
TIME (MINUTES)
-30 to -21
10
-20 to -11
-10 to -1
0 to +9
WARNING
Control system checks should be
performed with extreme caution
when helicopter is parked on snow
and ice. There is reduction in ground
friction holding the helicopter stationary; controls are sensitive and
response is immediate.
Auto acceleration resulting from frozen

moisture in fuel system air circuits does
not repeat unless aircraft is again subjected to cold soak. To prevent icing/
auto acceleration, make a 10 minute
ground warm-up run at idle before flight.
This warm-up is recommended when
aircraft has been allowed to cold soak in
low ambient temperatures of -12_C
(10_F) or below and high relative humidity of 45% or greater.
c. Engine Starting Without External Power Supply. If a battery start must be attempted when the helicopter and battery have been cold-soaked at
temperatures between -26 degrees C to -37 degrees C
(-15 degrees F to -35 degrees F), preheat the engine
and battery, if equipment is available and time permits.
Preheating will result in a faster starter cranking speed
which tends to reduce the hot-start hazard, by assisting
the engine to reach a self-sustaining speed.
If auto acceleration occurs, close the

throttle and shut down the engine. Subsequently, restart the engine and resume the warm-up.
d. Engine Anti-Icing. The ENG DEICE switch

should be in ENG DEICE position in visible moisture
below 5_ C FAT.
Change 11
8-15
TM 55-1520-228-10
8-35. SNOW OPERATIONS.

There are no unusual flight operational characteristics
in snow operations. Refer to FM 1-202, Environmental
Flight, for snow takeoff and landing technique.
8-36. DESERT AND HOT WEATHER OPERATIONS.

There are no unusual flight operational characteristics
in desert and hot weather operations. Refer to FM
1-202, Environmental Flight, for operational technique.
8-37. TURBULENCE.
a. To minimize the adverse effects of turbulence
encountered in flight, the helicopter should be flown at
a torque value corresponding to maximum endurance
airspeed. There will be a corresponding increase in control movements at reduced airspeed.
b. Helicopter controllability is the primary consideration; therefore, if control becomes marginal, exit the
turbulence as soon as possible.
c. In turbulence, check that all occupants are
seated with seat belts and harnesses tightened.
d. Deleted.
b. In the storm:
(1) Maintain level attitude and constant power
setting. Airspeed fluctuations should be expected and
disregarded.
(2) Maintain original heading, turning only when
necessary.
(3) The altimeter is unreliable, due to differential
barometric pressures within the storm. An indicated
gain or loss of several hundred feet is not uncommon
and should be allowed for in determining minimum safe
altitude.
8-39. LIGHTNING STRIKE.

a. Although the possibility of a lightning strike is
remote, the helicopter could inadvertently be exposed to
lightning damage. Therefore, static tests have been
conducted to determine lightning strike effect on rotors.
b. Simulated lightning tests indicate that lightning
strikes may damage helicopter rotors. The degree of
damage will depend on magnitude of charge and point
of contact. Catastrophic structural failure is not anticipated. However, lightning damage to hub bearings,
blade aft section, trim tabs and blade tips was demonstrated. Also, adhesive bond separation occurred between blade spar and aft section between spar and
leading edge abrasion strip. Some portions of blade aft
sections deformed to the extent that partial or complete
separation of the damaged section could be expected.
Such damage can aerodynamically produce severe
vibrations and serious control problems which, if prolonged, could endanger helicopter and crew.
e. Deleted.
WARNING
8-38. THUNDERSTORMS.
a. To minimize the effects of thunderstorms encountered in flight, perform the following:
(1) Adjust torque to a value corresponding to
maximum endurance airspeed.
(2) Check that all occupants are seated with seat
belts and harnesses tightened.
(3)
PITOT HTR switch ON.
(4) Avionics Reduce volume on any equipment

affected by static.
(5) Interior lights adjust to full bright at night to
minimize blinding effect of lightning.
8-16
Change 10
Avoid flight in or near thunderstorms,

especially in area of observed or
anticipated lightning discharges.
NOTE
Abnormal operating noises almost always
accompany rotor damage, but loudness
or pitch are not valid indications of degree
of damage sustained.
c. If lightning strike occurs, or is expected, the following precautions are recommended to minimize further risk:
(1) Reduce airspeed as much as practical to
maintain safe flight.
(2)
Avoid abrupt control inputs.
TM 55-1520-228-10
8-40. ICING CONDITIONS.

a. Intentional flight in any icing condition is prohibited. If icing conditions are encountered during flight,
effort should be made to vacate the icing conditions.
b. If icing conditions become unavoidable, the pilot
should turn on pitot heat, windshield defroster and the
engine anti-ice system.
c. During flights in icing, the following conditions
may be experienced:
(1) Obscured forward field of view due to accumulation on windscreen and chin bubbles. If windshield
defrosters fail to keep windshield clear of ice, side windows may be used for visual reference during landing.
(2) One-per-rotor-revolution vibrations, from mild
to severe, caused by asymmetrical ice shedding on
main rotor system. Severity of vibration will depend on
temperature and amount of accumulation on blades
when ice shed occurs. Possibility of asymmetrical ice
shed occurring increases as outside air temperature
decreases.
(3) An increase in torque required to maintain a
constant airspeed and altitude due to ice accumulation
on the rotor system and possible degradation of the
ability to maintain autorotational rotor speed within operating limits.
d. Control activity cannot be depended upon to remove ice from the main rotor system. Vigorous control
movements should not be made in an attempt to reduce
low frequency vibrations caused by asymmetrical shedding of ice from main rotor blades. These movements
may induce more asymmetrical shedding of ice, further

aggravating helicopter vibration levels.
WARNING
Ice shed from rotor blades and/or other
rotating components presents a
hazard to personnel during landing
and shutdown. Ground personnel
should remain clear of helicopter
during landing and shutdown;
passengers/crew members should not
exit aircraft until rotor has stopped
turning.
8-41. SAND AND DUST OPERATION.

Efficiency of the particle separator is directly related to
the amount of engine bleed air available. Bleed air is
used to operate the particle separator, and remove
sand/dust particles before they enter the engine plenum
chamber.
a. Ground Operations. At ground idle, with heater
on, particle separator with improved nozzles has a
cleaning efficiency of approximately 53%; with heater
off, cleaning efficiency is approximately 75%.
b. Extended Ground Operations. If extended

ground operations are expected, it is recommended
heater be turned off. Should environmental conditions
require use of heater, it is recommended OH-58 be operated close to 100% N2 with blades in flat pitch. This
condition should permit particle separator to function at
a cleaning efficiency of over 70%.
Change 11
8-17/(8-18 blank)
TM 55-1520-228-10
CHAPTER 9
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
SECTION I.
AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
9-1. HELICOPTER SYSTEMS. This section describes the helicopter systems emergencies that may
reasonably be expected to occur and presents the
procedures to be followed. Emergency operation of
mission equipment is contained in this chapter insofar
as its use affects safety of flight. Emergency procedures are given in checklist from when applicable. A
condensed version of these procedures is contained in
the condensed checklist.
9-2.
2. Fuel Shutoff Valve Handle OFF.

3. BAT switch OFF. Before turning
the battery switch off during in-flight
emergencies requiring EMER
SHUTDOWN, the pilot should consider a
MAYDAY call, setting the transponder to
EMER, and the possible adverse effects of
total electrical failure.
NOTE
Total electrical failure in the OH-58C will result
in loss of rotor RPM indications.
IMMEDIATE ACTION EMERGENCY STEPS.

NOTE
The urgency of certain emergencies requires
immediate and instinctive action by the pilot.
The most important single consideration is helicopter control. All procedures are subordinate
to this requirement. The MASTER CAUTION
should be reset after each malfunction to allow systems to respond to subsequent malfunctions. If time permits during a critical emergency, transmit MAYDAY call, set transponder
to emergency, jettison external stores if appropriate, and lock shoulder harnesses.
Those steps that must be performed immediately in an

emergency situation are underlined. These steps must
be performed without reference to the checklist. When
the situation permits, nonunderlined steps will be accomplished with the use of the checklist.
9-3. DEFINITION OF EMERGENCY TERMS. For
the purpose of standardization, the following definitions
shall apply:
a.
The term LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE is
defined as landing at the nearest suitable landing area
(e.g., open field) without delay. (The primary consideration is to ensure the survival of occupants.)
9-4. AFTER EMERGENCY ACTION. After a malfunction of equipment has occurred, appropriate emergency actions have been taken, and the helicopter is
on the ground, an entry shall be made in the Remarks
section of DA Form 2408-13-1 describing the malfunction. Ground and flight operations shall be discontinued
until corrective action has been taken.
9-5. EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT. A fire extinguisher
and first aid kit (figure 9-1) are mounted on the right of
the center post behind the pilot seat.
9-6. EMERGENCY
EXITS/EMERGENCY
ENTRANCE. Emergency exits are shown in figure
9-1. Emergency jettison handles are yellow. To exit the
aircraft in an emergency, first attempt to open doors. If
doors will not open, use emergency jettison handles.
The crew doors can be jettisoned by pulling the yellow
handles to the aft position and the cabin doors by moving the yellow handles to the forward position. If doors
will not jettison, break plexiglass to exit the aircraft.
9-7. ENGINE MALFUNCTION PARTIAL OR
COMPLETE POWER LOSS.
NOTE
Under any partial power condition, the throttle should be checked to ensure it is full open
and, time and altitude permitting, the GOV RPM
switch may be increased to ensure maximum
RPM is applied.
b.
The term LAND AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE
is defined as landing at a suitable landing area. (The
primary consideration is the urgency of the emergency).
c.
The term AUTOROTATE is defined as adjusting
the flight controls as necessary to establish an autorotational descent and landing.
d.
The term EMER SHUTDOWN is defined as engine shutdown without delay.
1. Throttle Close.
a.
The indications of an engine malfunction, either a partial or a complete power loss, are: left yaw,
drop in engine RPM, drop in rotor RPM, low RPM audio
alarm, illumination of ROTOR RPM warning light, ENGINE OUT warning light, and change in engine noise.
Change 14
9-1
TM 55-1520-228-10
helicopter may be flown at reduced power to a suitable

landing area. Under this condition, the pilot should
always be prepared for a complete power loss. In
the event a partial power condition is accompanied by
erratic engine operation or power surging, and flight
is to be continued, the throttle may be adjusted in an
attempt to correct the surging condition. If flight is not
possible, close the throttle completely and complete an
autorotational landing.
Do not respond to the RPM audio and/or warning light illumination without first confirming engine malfunction by one or more of the other
indications. Normal indications signify that the
engine is functioning properly and that there is a
tachometer generator failure or an open circuit
to the warning system, rather than an actual engine malfunction.
b.
Flight Characteristics:
(1) Control response with an engine inoperative

is similar to a descent with power.
(2) Airspeed above the minimum rate of descent from autorotational glide characteristics chart (figure 9-2) will result in greater rates of descent but may
be used as necessary to extend glide distance.
(3) Airspeeds below minimum rate of descent
airspeeds will increase rate of descent and decrease
glide distance.
(4) Should the engine malfunction during a left
bank maneuver, right cyclic input to level the aircraft
must be made simultaneously with collective pitch adjustment. If the collective pitch is decreased without a
corresponding right cyclic input, the helicopter will pitch
down and roll rate will increase rapidly, resulting in a significant loss of altitude.
c. Partial Power Condition. Under partial power
conditions, the engine may operate smoothly at reduced
power or it may operate erratically with intermittent
surges of power. In instances where a power loss is
experienced without accompanying power surging, the
9-2
d. Complete Power Loss. Under a complete

power loss condition, delay in recognition of the malfunction, improper technique or excessive maneuvering
to reach a suitable landing area reduces the probability
of a safe autorotational landing. Flight conducted within
the avoid area of the chart (figure 9-3) exposes the
helicopter to a high probability of damage despite the
best efforts of the pilot.
e. Low Airspeed and Low Altitude. Under low altitude low airspeed conditions, the deceleration capability is limited, and caution should be used to avoid striking the ground with the tail rotor. Initial collective reduction will vary after an engine malfunction, dependent
upon the altitude and airspeed at the time of the occurrence. For example, collective should not be decreased
when an engine failure occurs at a hover below 15 feet;
whereas, during cruise flight conditions, altitude and airspeed are sufficient for a significant reduction in collective, thereby, allowing rotor RPM to be maintained in the
safe operating range during autorotational descent. The
rotor may overspeed and require collective pitch application to maintain the RPM below the upper limit. Collective should never be applied to reduce RPM below
normal limits for extending glide distance because of the
reduction in RPM available for use during autorotational
landing.
Change 14
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 9-1. Emergency Exits and Equipment (Sheet 1 of 2)
Change 14
9-3
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 9-1. Emergency Exits and Equipment (Sheet 2 of 2)
9-4
Change 14
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 9-2. Autorotational Glide Characteristics Chart
Change 14
9-5
TM 55-1520-228-10
Figure 9-3. Minimum Height for Safe Landing After Engine Failure Chart
9-6
Change 14
TM 55-1520-228-10
9-8. MINIMUM RATE OF DESCENT POWER
OFF. The power-off minimum rate of descent is attained at an indicated airspeed of 43 knots and 100%
rotor RPM. Refer to figure 9-2, autorotational glide
characteristics chart.
2. Throttle Adjust until normal N-2

operating RPM is attained.
3. LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. Perform
a power-on approach and landing by
controlling the RPM manually with throttle.
e.
9-9. MAXIMUM GLIDE DISTANCE POWER

OFF. The maximum glide distance is attained at
an indicated airspeed of 71 knots to 74 knots and
100% rotor RPM. Refer to figure 9-2 for maximum glide
distance.
9-10. ENGINE FAILURE HOVER.
AUTOROTATE.
1. AUTOROTATE when over a safe landing

area while simultaneously closing the
throttle.
2. EMER SHUTDOWN. Accomplish during
descent if time permits.
9-15.
9-11. ENGINE FAILURE LOWER ALTITUDE/LOW

AIRSPEED OR CRUISE.
1. AUTOROTATE.
9-12. ENGINE RESTART DURING FLIGHT. After
an engine failure in flight, an engine start may be attempted. Because the exact cause of the engine failure
cannot be determined in flight, the decision to attempt
the start will depend on the altitude and time available,
rate of descent, potential landing areas, and crew assistance available. Under ideal conditions, approximately
one minute is required to regain powered flight from the
time the attempted start is begun. If the decision is made
to attempt an in-flight start.
If RPM cannot be controlled manually:
ENGINE UNDERSPEED.
a.
If an engine underspeed occurs, the collective
must be adjusted downward to maintain rotor RPM
within limits. If powered flight with rotor in the green can
be accomplished, LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE in
an area that will permit a run-on landing.
b.
An engine underspeed below 94% N2 results
in rotor RPM decay below minimum safe limits. Should
this occur:
1. AUTOROTATE.
descent, if time permits.
9-16. ENGINE SURGES.
are experienced:
If surges in engine RPM
1. GOV RPM switch INCR for maximum

RPM.
1. Throttle Close.
2. Throttle Adjust to 98% N2.
2. Attempt start.
3. LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.

9-13. ENGINE COMPRESSOR STALL. Engine
compressor stall may be characterized by a sharp
rumble or a series of loud sharp reports, severe engine
vibration and a rapid rise in TOT depending on the
severity of the surge. After engine compressor stall,
maneuvers requiring rapid or maximum power applications should be avoided. Should engine compressor
stall occur:
1. Collective Reduce.
2. ENG DEICE and HTR switches OFF.
9-14. ENGINE OVERSPEED. Engine overspeed will
be indicated by a right yaw, rapid increase in both rotor
and engine RPM, and an increase in engine and rotor
noise. If an engine overspeed is experienced:
1. CollectiveIncrease to load the rotor
and sustain engine/rotor RPM below the
maximum operating limit.
If engine surges are not controlled in steps 1. and 2.

above, proceed as follows:
4. AUTOROTATE When over safe landing
area.
9-17. ROTORS, TRANSMISSION AND DRIVE
SYSTEMS MALFUNCTIONS.
9-18. TAIL ROTOR FAILURE AND DIRECTIONAL
CONTROL MALFUNCTIONS. Because of the many
different malfunctions that can occur, it is not possible
to provide a solution for every emergency. The success in coping with the emergency depends on quick
analysis of the condition and selection of the proper
emergency procedure. The following is a discussion
of some types of malfunctions, probable effects, and
corrective actions.
9-19. COMPLETE LOSS OF TAIL ROTOR
THRUST. This situation involves a break in the drive
Change 14
9-7
TM 55-1520-228-10
system, such as a severed driveshaft, causing the tail
rotor to lose power.
a.
trim.
Indications:
(2)
(a)
Abnormal vibrations.
(b)
Pedal input has no effect on helicopter
(c) Nose of the helicopter turns to the right

(left sideslip).
(d)
dinal axis.
Reduced power (low torque).
(1) Indications: The nose of the helicopter will

turn right when power is applied.
Powered Flight.
(1)
a.
Left roll of the fuselage along the longitu-
Procedure:
(a) If helicopter control can be maintained in

powered flight, the best solution is to maintain control
with power and accomplish a run-on landing as soon as
practicable.
(b)
If helicopter control cannot be maintained, close the throttle immediately and accomplish
an autorotational landing.
b.
Increased power (high torque).
(1) Indications: The nose of the helicopter will

turn left when power is reduced.
Degree of roll and sideslip may be varied by
varying throttle and/or collective (At airspeeds
below 40 knots in powered flight, the sideslip
may become uncontrollable, and the helicopter
will begin to spin on the vertical axis. Autorotation may be the only option).
(2)
(2)
(a)
Maintain control with power and airspeed. (Between 40 and 70 knots.)
to 98%.
Procedures.
(a) Continue powered flight, if possible, to a

suitable landing area at or above minimum rate of descent airspeed.
reached.
(b)
AUTOROTATE when landing area is
1 If a run-on landing is possible, complete

autorotation with a touchdown airspeed as required for
directional control.
2 If a run-on landing is not possible, start
to decelerate from about 75 feet altitude, so that forward ground speed is at a minimum when the helicopter
reaches 10 to 20 feet. Execute touchdown with a rapid
collective pull just prior to touchdown in a level attitude
with minimum ground speed.
b.
Procedure:
(b)
If needed, reduce engine RPM manually
(c)
Continue powered flight to a suitable
landing area where a run-on landing can be accomplished.
(d) Execute a run-on landing with power and
a touchdown speed which will minimize sideslip. Use
throttle and collective, as necessary, to control sideslip
and heading.
c.
Hover.
(1) Indication: Helicopter heading cannot be

controlled with pedals.
(2)
Procedure.
(a)
Fixed pedal - Land.
(b) Loss of tail rotor thrust - Perform hovering

autorotation.
Deleted.
9-20. FIXED PITCH SETTINGS. This is a malfunction involving a loss of control resulting in a fixed pitch
setting. Whether the nose of the helicopter yaws left or
right is dependent upon the amount of pedal applied at
the time of the malfunction. Regardless of pedal setting
at the time of malfunction, a varying amount of tail rotor
thrust will be delivered at all times during flight.
9-8
9-21. LOSS OF TAIL ROTOR COMPONENTS. The

severity of this situation is dependent upon the amount
of weight lost. Any loss of this nature will result in a
forward center of gravity shift, requiring aft cyclic.
a.
Change 14
Indications:
TM 55-1520-228-10
(1) Varying degrees of right yaw depending on
power applied and airspeed at time of failure.
(2)
b.
Forward CG shift.
Procedure:
(1)
Enter autorotative descent (power off).
(2) Maintain airspeed above minimum rate of

descent airspeed.
If spin cannot be stopped and crash is imminent, an autorotation may be the best course of action. Maintain
full left pedal until the spin stops, then adjust to maintain
heading.
9-23. MAIN DRIVESHAFT FAILURE. A failure of the
main driveshaft will be indicated by a sudden increase
in engine RPM, decrease in rotor RPM, left yaw and
activation of the low RPM audio, and illumination of the
ROTOR RPM warning light. A transient overspeed of
N1 and N2 may occur but will stabilize. In the event of
main driveshaft failure:
(3) If run-on landing is possible, complete autorotation with a touchdown airspeed above effective
translational lift.
1. AUTOROTATE - Establish a power-on

autorotational glide. The engine must
continue to operate at normal operating
RPM in order to provide tail rotor control.
(4) If run-on landing is not possible, start to

decelerate from about 75 feet altitude, so that forward
groundspeed is at a minimum when the helicopter
reaches 10 to 20 feet; execute the touchdown with a
rapid collective pull just prior to touchdown in a level
attitude with minimum ground run.
2. EMER SHUTDOWN after landing.
9-22. LOSS OF TAIL ROTOR EFFECTIVENESS

(LTE). This is a situation involving a loss of effective
tail rotor thrust without a break in the drive system which
cannot be stopped with full left pedal application. If LTE
is experienced, simultaneously:
1. Pedal - Full Left.
2. Cyclic - Forward.
3. As recovery is effected, adjust controls for
normal flight.
Collective reduction will aid In arresting the yaw

rate; however, if a rate of descent has been established, collective reduction may increase the
rate of descent to an excessive value. The resultant large and rapid Increase in collective to
prevent ground or obstacle contact may further
increase the yaw rate, decrease the rotor RPM
and cause an overtorque and/or over-temperature condition. Therefore, the decision to reduce collective must be based on the pilot assessment of the altitude available for recovery.
9-24. CLUTCH FAILS TO DISENGAGE. A clutch

failing to disengage in flight will be indicated by the
rotor RPM decaying with engine RPM as the throttle
is reduced to the engine idle position when entering
autorotational descent. This condition results in total
loss of autorotational capability. If a failure occurs:
1. Throttle - Open.
9-25. MAST BUMPING.
LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.
9-26. FIRE. The safety of helicopter occupants is the
primary consideration when a fire occurs; therefore, it is
imperative that every effort be made by the flight crew
to put the fire out. On the ground, it is essential that the
engine be shut down, crew and passengers evacuated
and fire fighting begun immediately. If time permits, a
"MAYDAY" radio call should be made before the electrical power is off to expedite assistance from fire fighting
equipment and personnel. If the helicopter is airborne
when a fire occurs, the most important single action that
can be taken by the pilot is to land the helicopter.
Change 14
Toxic fumes of the extinguishing agent may

cause injury, and liquid agent may cause frostbite or low temperature burns.
9-9
TM 55-1520-228-10
9-30.1. DELETED.
9-31. SMOKE AND FUME ELIMINATION. Smoke
and/or toxic fumes entering the cockpit and cabin can
be exhausted as follows:
If aircraft fire occurs on ground while using

Ground Power Unit (GPU) ; the GPU should be
shutdown immediately.
9-27.
Do not jettison doors in flight above effective

translational lift.
HOT START.
1. Vents Open.
2. DEFOG & VENT switch ON.
During engine starts using a Ground Power Unit

(GPU), failure of the GPU could possibly result
in an engine hot start. After GPU failure during
start, the pilot must turn the battery switch on
before accomplishing the procedure described
below.
9-32.
During engine starting or shutdown, if TOT limits are

exceeded, or it becomes apparent that TOT limits may
be exceeded.
9-33. GENERATOR FAILURE NO OUTPUT. A

no-output malfunction of the generator will be indicated
by a zero indication on the DC AMMETER and a DC
GENERATOR caution light illumination. An attempt
may be made to put the generator back on line by
accomplishing the following:
1. GEN FIELD and GEN & BUS RESET
circuit breakers Check In.
1. Starter switch Continue to press and

hold until TOT is less than 200C.
2. GEN switch RESET then GEN Do not

hold the switch in the RESET position.
2. Throttle - Close.
9-28. ENGINE/FUSELAGE/ELECTRICAL
GROUND.
EMER SHUTDOWN.
FIRE
If Power-On landing:
b.
If the generator is not restored, or if it goes off line again:

3. GEN switch OFF.
9-29. ENGINE/FUSELAGE FIRE IN FLIGHT. If a

fire is observed during flight, prevailing circumstances
such as VMC, IMC, night, altitude, and landing areas
available must be considered in order to determine
whether to execute a power-on, or power-off landing.
a.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM MALFUNCTIONS.
If Power-Off landing:
4. Turn OFF all unnecessary electrical

equipment.
5. LAND AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE.
9-34. OVERHEATED BATTERY. An abnormally
high DC AMMETER indication is evidence of a high
battery charging rate or a battery thermal runaway. High
battery charging amperage is normal immediately after
engine start and should dissipate within minutes. DC
AMMETER indications of 30 AMPS or below is normal
after 15 minutes of aircraft operation with all systems
operating.
1. AUTOROTATE.
9-30. ELECTRICAL FIRE FLIGHT. Prior to shutting off all electrical power, the pilot must consider the
equipment that is essential to a particular flight environment that will be encountered. In the event of electrical
fire or suspected electrical fire in flight:
1. BAT and GEN switches OFF.
Do not open battery compartment or attempt to

disconnect or remove overheated battery. Battery fluid will cause burns and overheated battery will cause thermal burns and may explode.
If high DC amperage does not dissipate:
1. BAT Switch OFF.
If high DC amperage indication disappears with BAT
switch OFF, a high battery charging rate and possible
battery thermal runaway is confirmed, in this event:

9-10
Change 14
TM 55-1520-228-10
1. Doors Jettison at a hover.
2. Crew (except pilot) and passengers Exit.

3. Hover a safe distance away from
personnel.
If high DC amperage indication does not dissipate, pilot

should anticipate electrical fire in flight.
9-35.
4. AUTOROTATE. Apply all remaining

collective as the helicopter enters the
water. Maintain a level attitude as the
helicopter sinks and until it begins to roll,
then apply cyclic in direction of the roll.
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM MALFUNCTION.
9-36. HYDRAULIC POWER FAILURE. Hydraulic

power failure will be evident when the force required
for control movement increases; a moderate feedback
in the cyclic and collective controls is felt and the HYD
PRESS caution light illuminates. Control movements
will result in normal aircraft response in every respect.
In the event of hydraulic power failure:
1. Airspeed Adjust as necessary to attain
the most comfortable level of control
movements.
5. Pilot Exit when the main rotor stops.

9-40. DITCHING POWER OFF. If an engine failure
occurs over water and ditching is imminent, accomplish
engine failure emergency procedures and proceed as
follows:
1. AUTOROTATE. Decelerate to minimum
forward speed as the helicopter nears the
water. Apply all remaining collective as
the helicopter enters the water. Maintain a
level attitude as the helicopter sinks and
until it beings to roll, then apply cyclic in
the direction of the roll.
2. HYD BOOST SOL circuit breaker Out;

check for restoration of hydraulic power.
If hydraulic power is not restored:
3. HYD BOOST SOL circuit breaker In.
2. Doors Jettison.
4. HYD BOOST switch OFF.
3. Crew and passengers Exit when the

main rotor stops.
Do not return the HYD BOOST switch to the

ON position for the remainder of the flight. This
prevents any possibility of a surge in hydraulic
pressure and the resulting loss of control.
5. LAND AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE at an
area that will permit a run-on landing.
9-37.
9-41. FLIGHT
CONTROL
MALFUNCTIONS. Failure of components within the flight
control system may be indicated through varying
degrees of feedback, binding, resistance, or sloppiness. These conditions should not be mistaken for
hydraulic power failure. In the event of a flight control
malfunction:
LANDING AND DITCHING.
9-38. LANDING IN TREES. A landing in trees

should be made when no other landing area is available. In addition to accomplishing engine malfunction
emergency procedures, select a landing area containing the least number of trees of minimum height.
Decelerate to minimum forward speed at treetop level
and descend into the trees vertically. Apply all the
remaining collective, prior to the main rotor blades
entering the trees.
9-42. LIGHTNING STRIKE.

9-43. IN-FLIGHT WIRE STRIKE.
9-39. DITCHING POWER ON. If ditching becomes necessary, with power available accomplish an
approach to a hover above the water and:
Change 14 9-11
TM 55-1520-228-10
SECTION II. MISSION EQUIPMENT

NOT APPLICABLE
9-12
Change 14
TM 55-1520-228-10
Table 9-2.
Warning/Caution Panel Lights
WARNING LIGHT
CORRECTIVE ACTION
ROTOR RPM (Red)

MASTER CAUTION
Verify condition. Adjust collective.

Check for Caution Panel segment light illumination. If
none, LAND AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.
ENGINE OUT (Red)

XMSN OIL PRESS (Red)
XMSN OIL HOT (Red)
CAUTION LIGHT
Verify condition. AUTOROTATE.

CORRECTIVE ACTION
FUEL BOOST
20 MIN FUEL
FUEL FILTER
ENG OIL BYPASS
ENG CHIP DET
XMSN CHIP DET
T/R CHIP DET
INST INVERTER
DC GENERATOR
HYD PRESS
IFF
SPARE
WARNING LIGHT
LAND AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE.

Information/system status.
Refer to emergency procedures.
CORRECTIVE ACTION
ROTOR RPM (Red)

MASTER CAUTION
Verify condition, Adjust collective.

Check for Caution Panel segment light illumination.
If none, land as soon as possible.
ENGINE OUT (Red)

XMSN OIL PRESS (Red)
XMSN OIL HOT (Red)
CAUTION LIGHT
Verify condition. Autorotate.

CORRECTIVE ACTION
FUEL BOOST
20 MIN FUEL
FUEL FILTER
ENG OIL BYPASS
ENG CHIP DET
XMSN CHIP DET
T/R CHIP DET
INST INVERTER
DC GENERATOR
HYD PRESS
IFF
SPARE 89A4950

Change 14
9-13/(9-14 blank)
TM 55-1520-228-10
APPENDIX A
REFERENCES
AMSAT-I-M 1379 R-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Request for Depot Engineering Support
AR 95-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Army Aviation General Provisions and Flight Regulations
AR 70-50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Designating and Naming Defense Military Aerospace Vehicles
AR 385-40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accident Reporting and Records
ASTM-D-1655 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aviation Turbine Fuels
ATCOM-R 702-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depot Quality System
DA Form 2028 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recommended Change to Publications and Blank Forms
DA Form 2408-12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Army Aviators Flight Record
DA Form 2408-13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft Status Information Record
DA Form 2408-13-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aircraft Inspection and Maintenance Record
DA PAM 738-751 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Functional Users Manual for the Army Maintenance Management System - Aviation (TAMMS-A)
DD Form 365-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weight Checklist Record, Chart A-Basic
DD Form 365-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weight and Balance Record, Chart C-Basic
DD Form 365-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weight and Balance Clearance Form F-Transport/Tactical
DD Form 1692 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Engineering Change Proposal (Short Form)
DD Form 1896 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jet Fuel Identaplate
DOD-L-85734 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lubricating Oil, HelicopterTransmission System, Synthetic
Base
MIL-G-5572 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gasoline, Aviation Grades 80/87, 100/130, 115/145
MIL-H-5606 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydraulic Fluid, Petroleum Base; Aircraft, Missile and Ordance
MIL-H-83282 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydraulic Fluid, Fire Resistant, Synthetic Hydrocarbon
Base, Metric, NATO Code Number H-537
MIL-I-27686 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inhibitor, Icing Fuel System
MIL-L-23699 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lubricating Oil, Aircraft Turbine, NATO Code Number
O-156
MIL-L-7808 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lubricating, Oil, Aircraft Turbine Engine, Synthetic Base
MIL-STD-12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abbreviations for Use on Drawings and in Specifications,
Standards and Technical Documents
MIL-STD-973 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuration Control - Engineering Changes (Short
Form), Deviations and Waivers
MIL-T-5624 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Grade JP-4, JP-5, and JP-5/JP-8
ST
MIL-T-83133 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Turine Fuels, Aviation, Kerosene Types, NATO F-34
(JP-8), NATO F-35, and JP-8+100
MWO 1-1520-228-50-48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation of Airframe Mounted Fuel Filter Assembly
MWO 1-1520-228-50-52 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation of Altitude Voice Warning System, AN/
ARN-209 (V) Radar Altimeter
Change 11
A-1
TM 55-1520-228-10
MWO 1-1520-228-50-53 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation of Global Positioning System Special Mission

Kits
MWO 55-1520-228-30-30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Modification of Rear Seat Cushions
MWO 55-1520-228-50-24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation of Altitude Encoder/Pneumatic Altimeter
AAU-32/A
MWO 55-1520-228-50-44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installation of External Scavenge Oil Filter Kit
SF Form 368 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quality Deficiency Report (QDR)
TB MED 501 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Noise and Conservation of Hearing
TM 1-1500-250-23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General Tie-Down and Mooring on all Series Army Model
Helicopters
TM 11-5841-284-23&P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Altimeter Set, Electronic, AN/APN-209(V)1
TM 11-5841-294-12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radar Signal Detecting Set, AN/APR-39A(V)1
TM 11-5841-294-30-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radar Signal Detecting Set, AN/APR-39(V)1
TM 38-250 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preparation of Hazardous Materials for Military Air Shipment
TM 55-1500-342-23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Army Aviation Maintenance Engineering Manual - Weight
and Balance
TM 750-244-1-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Procedure for the Destruction of Aircraft and Associated
Equipment to Prevent Enemy Use
A-2
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
ALPHABETICAL
INDEX
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
A
AAA-31/A Pneumatic Altimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62
AAU-32/A Altitude Encode/Pneumatic
Altimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62.1, F2-18.1
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Abbreviations, Definition of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
Adverse Environmental Conditions, General . . 8-33
Aerobatic Maneuvers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22
Aft Fuselage Left Side, Area 4 . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13
After Emergency Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4
Airframe Mounted Fuel Filter Assembly . . . . . 2-22.1
Airspeed Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61
Airspeed Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
Airspeed Operating Limits Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . F5-3
Alternating Current Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50
Altimeter, Pneumatic, AAU-31/A . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62
Altimeter, Pneumatic, AAU-31/A
Altitude/Encode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62.1, F2-18.1
Altimeter, Radar (with
MWO 1-1520-228-50-52) . . . . . . . 3-67.1, F3-16
Altimeter, Radar (without
MWO 1-1520-228-50-52) . . . . . . . . . 3-64, F3-16
Altimeter, Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63
Anti-Collision Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53
Anti-Torque (Direction) Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
AN/APR-39A(V)1, Radar Signal Detecting
Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-68, F3-17
AN/APX-100, Transponder Set C . . . . 3-59, F3-14
AN/APX-100, Control Panel,
Transponder Set C . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59, F3-14
AN/APX-72 Control Panel,
Transponder A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-55, F3-13
AN/ARC-114 and AN/ARC-114A
Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-3
AN/ARC-115, Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-4
AN/ARC-115, VHF/AM Radio Set . . . . . . . 3-14, F3-4
AN/ARC-116 Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-5
AN/ARC-164, UHF/AM Radio Set . . . . . . 3-19, F3-6
ARC-164(V), UHF/AM Radio Set . . . . . . . 3-23, F3-6
AN/ARC-201, VHF/FM Radio Set . . . . . . 3-71, F3-18
AN/ARC-201 Control Panel &
Zeroize Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-18
AN/ARC-51BX Control Panel A . . . . . . . DELETED
AN/ARC-51BX UHF/AM Command
Radio Set A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
AN/ARN-89 (ADF) Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-9
Antenna Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-1
Appendix A, References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Approved Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T2-4
Approved Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T2-2
Approved Fuels, Oils, and
Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-74, T2-2, T2-3, T2-4
Approved Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Approved Oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T2-3
Area 1 Fuselage Cabin Right Side . . . . . . . 8-10
Area 2 Tailboom Right Side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Area 3 Tailboom Left Side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12
Area 4 Aft Fuselage Left Side . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13
Area 5 Fuselage Cabin Left Side . . . . . . . . . 8-14
Area 6 Fuselage Front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
Army Aviation Safety Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
ATAS Missile System Fire Flight CS
DELETED
Altitude Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
Audio Tones, KY-58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34
Automatic remote Keying Procedure . . . . . . . . . 3-32
Autorotational Glide Characteristics Chart . . . . F9-2
Auxiliary Fuel System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23, F2-15
Aviation Life Support Equipment (ALSE) . . . . . . 8-2
Avionics, General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
B
Basic Weight and Balance Record,
DD Form 365-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
Basic Weight Checklist, DD Form 365-1 . . . . . . 6-14
Before Exterior Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
Before Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23
Before Leaving the Helicopter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-25
Before Starting Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
Before Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19
Blade Grips and Pillow Blocks Servicing . . . . . . 2-82
Bleed Air Heating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
C
C-6533/ARC, Communication System Control . 3-6
Cargo Moment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13, F6-8
Cargo Moment Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F6-8
Cargo Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
Cargo Restraint Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7.1
Cargo Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6, F6-3
Caution Indicator (hydraulic System) . . . . . . . . . 2-34
Center of Gravity Limit Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5, F6-2
Center of gravity Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
Check, Exterior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
Check, Hover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20
Check, Preflight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7
Change 11
Index-1
TM 55-1520-228-10
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Checklist, Operating Procedures and
Maneuvers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6
Classification of Helicopter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Clear Voice Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-30
Climb-Descent Chart C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F7-17
Climb Performance Chart C . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Clutch Fails to Disengage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-24
Cockpit and Cabin Door Restrictions . . . . . . . . . 5-20
Cockpit and Cabin Doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Cockpit Utility Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59
Cold Weather Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-34
Collective Pitch Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27
Combustion Heater A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48
Command Radio Set, AN/ARC-51BX . . . DELETED
Communications and Associated Electronics
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T3-1
Communications System Control,
C-6533/ARC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6, F3-2
Communications System Control
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Controls and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Communications System Control Panel,
C-6533/ARC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-2
Compartment Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-3
Compass, Magnetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-67
Complete Loss of Tail Rotor Thrust . . . . . . . . . . 9-19
Compressor Bleed Air System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Conditions
Adverse Environmental, General . . . . . . . . . 8-33
Climb Descent A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Climb Descent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-55
Climb Performance Chart A . . . . . . . . DELETED
Climb Performance Chart C . . . . . . . DELETED
Cruise A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Cruise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-49
Drag A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Drag C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-52
General (Performance Data) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
Hover A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Hover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-43
Idle Fuel Flow A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Idle Fuel Flow C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-61
Icing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-40
Specific (Performance Data) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
Takeoff A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Torque Available A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Torque Available C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-40
Console Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-57
Console, Overhead with AN/ARC-201
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-12.1
Index-2
Change 11
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Control, Anti-Torque (Direction) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
Control (Hydraulic System) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
Control Movements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23
Control System, Engine Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Controls and Functions
Communications System Control . . . . . . . . . 3-8
CONUS Navigation Receiver . . . . . . 3-49, F3-11
Course Deviation Indicator . . . . . . . . 3-53, F3-12
Direction Finder Set (AN/ARN-89) . . 3-37, F3-9
Gyro Magnetic compass Set . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41
Radar Altimeter (with
MWO 1-1520-228-50-52) . . . . . . . 3-67.3, F3-16
Radar Altimeter (without
MWO 1-1520-228-50-52) . . . . . . . . . 3-66, F3-16
Radar Signal Detectory Set
AN/APR-39A(V)1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-69, F3-17
Radio Bearing Heading Indicator . . . . . . . . 3-45
Transponder Set A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-57, F3-13
Transponder Set C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
UHF/AM Command Radio Set
(AN/ARC-51BX) A . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
UHF/AM Radio Set (AN/ARC-116) . . 3-20, F3-5
UHF/AM Radio Set (AN/ARC-164) . . 3-20, F3-6
UHF/AM Radio Set
(RT-1167C/ARC-164(V)) . . . . . . . 3-24, F3-6
UHF/AM Radio Set
(RT-1167/ARC-164(V) or
RT-1167C/ARC-164 (V)) . . . . . . . 3-25, F3-6
VHF/FM Radio Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
VHF/AM Radio Set (AN/ARC-115) . . 3-16, F3-4
VHF/FM Radio Set (AN/ARC-114 and
AN/ARC-114A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12, F3-3
VHF/FM Radio Set (AN/ARC-201) and
Zeroize Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-73, F3-18
TSEC/KY-58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27, F3-8
Controls and Indicators (Fuel System) . . . . 2-24
Controls, Flight Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25
CONUS Navigation Receiver C . . . . . . . . . 3-47
CONUS Navigation Receiver Control
Panel C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-11
Controls and Functions . . . . . . . 3-49, F3-11
CONUS Navigation Receiver Description 3-48
Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . 3-50, F3-11
CONUS Navigation System
AN/ARC-123) C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-69
Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) C . . . . . . 3-51
Controls and Functions . . . . . . . 3-53, F3-12
Course Deviation Indicator Description . . 3-52
Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . 3-54, F3-12
Covers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85
Crew Duties/Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
TM 55-1520-228-10
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Crew Requirements, Minimum . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Critical Tailboom Dynamic Modes . . . . . . . . . . . 8-31
Cruise Chart A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Cruise Chart C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F7-15
Cyclic Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
D
Data Basis (Performance Data) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
DD Form 365-1 Basic Weight Checklist . . . . . 6-14
DD Form 365-3 Basic Weight and
Balance Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
DD Form 365-4 Weight and Balance
Clearance Form F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
Definition of Abbreviations (Performance Data) 7-10
Definition of Emergency Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
Description
Climb-Descent Chart A . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Climb-Descent Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-53
Climb Performance Chart A . . . . . . . DELETED
Climb Performance Chart C . . . . . . . DELETED
CONUS Navigation Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-48
Course Deviation Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52
Cruise A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Cruise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-47
Direction Finder Set (AN/ARN-89) . . . . . . . 3-36
Drag A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Drag C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-50
Flight Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25
Gyro Magnetic Compass Set . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40
Hover A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Hover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-41
Hydraulic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
Idle Fuel Flow A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Idle Fuel Flow C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-59
Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Pneumatic Altimeter, AAU-31/A . . . . . . . . . . 2-62
Pneumatic Altimeter, AAU-32/A,
Altitude Encoder/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62.1
Power Train System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35
MWO 1-1520-228-50-52) . . . 3-67.2, F3-16
MWO 1-1520-228-50-52) . . . . . 3-65, F3-16
AN/APR-39A(V)1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-68
AN/APR-39A(V)1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-68.1
Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Torque Available A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Transponder Set A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
Transponder Set C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
AN/ARC-51BX A . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
UHF/AM Radio Set (AN/ARC-116 and
AN/ARC-164) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
UHF/AM Radio Set (RT-1167/ARC-164(V)
or RT-1167C/ARC-164(V)) . . . . . 3-23, F3-6
UHF/AM Radio Set (RT-1167/ARC-164(V)
or RT-1167C/ARC-164(V)) . . . . . . . . . . 3-24
VHF/AM Radio Set (AN/ARC-115) . . . . . . . 3-15
AN/ARC-114A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Zeroize Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-72
Voice Security Equipment TSEC/KY-58 . . . 3-27
Zeroize Switch (AN/ARC-201) . . . . . . . . . . . 3-75
Desert and Hot Weather Operations . . . . . . . . . 8-36
Designator Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
Destruction of Army Material to Prevent
Enemy Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
Diagram, Exterior Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F8-1
Direct Current Primary Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49
Direction Finder Set (AN/ARN-89) . . . . . . . . . . . 3-35
Direction Finder Set (AN/ARN-89)
Controls and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37, F3-9
Direction Finder Set (AN/ARN-89) Description 3-36
Direction Finder Set (AN/ARN-89) Operating
Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38
Discrepancies, Performance (Data) . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9
Ditching Power Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-40
Ditching Power On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-39
Drag Chart A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Drag Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F7-16
Driveshafts (Power Train System) . . . . . . . . . . . 2-40
Dust and Sand Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-41
E
Effects of Wind Azimuth on Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . F8-2
Electrical Fire Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-30
Electrical System Malfunctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-32
Electrical System Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-18
Electronics Equipment, Communications
and Associated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T3-1
Emergency Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5
Emergency Exits and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . F9-1
Emergency Exits/Emergency Entrance . . . . . . . . 9-6
Emergency Malfunction - Partial or Complete
Power Losss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7
Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Engine A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Engine C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-11
Engine Automatic Relight System (Not Used) . 2-20
Change 11
Index-3
TM 55-1520-228-10
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Engine, Before Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
Engine Compartment Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Engine Compressor Stall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13
Engine Failure Hover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-10
Engine Failure Low Altitude/Low
Airspeed or Cruise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11
Engine Fuel Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Engine/Fuselage/Electrical Fire Ground . . . . 9-28
Engine/Fuselage Fire In Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-29
Engine Inlet Anti-Icing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Engine Instruments and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Engine Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
Engine Malfunction Partial or Complete
Power Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7
Engine Oil Supply System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Engine Oil Supply System External Scavange
Oil Filter (after MWO 55-1520-228-50-44) 2-17.1
Engine Oil System Servicing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-79
Engine Overspeed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-14
Engine Restart During Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12
Engine Runup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-18
Engine Shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-24
Engine, Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
Engine, Starting, Before . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
Engine, Starting Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
Engine Surges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-16
Engine Underspeed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-15
Environmental Conditions, Adverse, General . 8-33
Exceeding Operational Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Exterior Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
Exterior Check Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F8-1
Exterior Checks, Before . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
F
Falling or Blowing Snow, Flight
Restrictions in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30
Filters, NVG-Compatible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60
Fire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-26
Fire Extinguisher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
First Aid Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Fixed Pitch Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-20
Flight Control Malfunctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-41
Flight Controls Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25
Flight in Rain, Snow and Icing Conditions . . . 5-32.1
Flight in Sand and Dust Conditions . . . . . . . . . . 5-32
Flight Over Salt Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31
Flight Restrictions for High Power . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28
Flight Restrictions at Low Gs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25
Flight Restrictions for Practice Autorotation
Landings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26
Flight Restrictions in Falling or Blowing Snow . 5-30
Index-4
Change 11
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Flight Restrictions with Float Landing
Gear Installed A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
Flight Under Instrument Meteorological
Conditions (IMC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-29
Float Gear Equipped Helicopter A . . . . . . . . . . F2-7
FM Radio Set AN/ARC-201 and Zeroize
Switch Controls and Functions . . . 3-73, F3-18
Firing Limitations A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
FM Radio Set AN/ARC-201 and Zeroize
Switch Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . . . 3-74
Force Trims (Force Gradient) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
Forms and Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
Free Air Temperature Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66
Free Air Temperatures (Performance Data) . . . . 7-11
Freewheeling Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
Fuel Filter Assembly, Airframe Mounted . . . . . 2-22.1
Fuel Loading Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8, F6-4
Fuel Operation Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Fuel Supply System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
Fuel System, Auxiliary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23, F2-15
Fuel System, Controls and Indicators . . . . . . . . 2-24
Fuel System Servicing (POWER
OFF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-77
Fuel System Servicing (Rapid (HOT)
Refueling) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-78
Fuel Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-75, 7-8
Fuels, Oils, Fluids, Specifications and
Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T2-1
Fuselage Cabin Left Side, Area 5 . . . . . . . . . . 8-14
Fuselage Cabin Right Side, Area 1 . . . . . . . . 8-10
Fuselage Front, Area 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
G
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
General Arrangement A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-1
General Arrangement, Typical C . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-2
General Conditions (Performance Data) . . . . . . . 7-8
Generator Failure No Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-33
Global Positioning System
(MWO 1-1520-228-50-53) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-54.1
Gravity Refueling with Closed Circuit
Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-22
Ground Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-83
Ground Handling Equipment, Covers,
Rotor Tiedowns and Mooring Diagram . . . F2-24
Gyro Magnetic Compass Set AN/ASN-43 . . . 3-39
Gyro Magnetic Compass Set Controls
and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41
Gyro Magnetic 7Compass Set Description . . 3-40
Gyro Magnetic Compass Set Operating
Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42
H
Handling, Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-83
TM 55-1520-228-10
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
HAVE QUICK System,

UHF/AM Radio Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23, F3-6
Health Indicator Test (HIT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15
Heater, Combustion A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48
Heater Control and Vent Pull Knobs C . . . . . . F2-17
Heating and Ventilation A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-16
Heating System, Bleed Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
Helicopter and Systems Description and
Operation, General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Helicopter, Before Leaving the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-25
Helicopter, Classification of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Helicopter Designation System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
Helicopter General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Helicopter Station Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3, F6-1
Helicopter Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
Helicopter Stabilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30
Hot Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-27
Hot Water and Desert Operations . . . . . . . . . . . 8-36
Hover Chart A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Hover Chart C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F7-13
Hover Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20
Hovering Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16, 5-24
Hydraulic Power Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-36
Hydraulic System, Caution Indicator . . . . . . . . . 2-34
Hydraulic System, Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
Hydraulic System, Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
Hydraulic System, Malfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-35
Hydraulic System, Servicing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-81
I
Icing Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-40
Idle Fuel Flow Chart A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Idle Fuel Flow Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F7-19
Ignition System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
Immediate Action Emergency Steps . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Index (Chapter 7 Performance Data) . . . . . . . . 7-1
Indicator, Airspeed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61
Indicator, Attitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
Indicator, Free Air Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66
Indicator, ID-1351A, Radio Bearing
Heading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43, F3-10
Indicator, Radio Bearing Heading
Controls and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45, F3-10
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44
Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46
Indicator, RPM, Main Rotor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
Indicator, Turn and Slip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65
Indicator, Vertical Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-68
Indicators, Miscellaneous (Flight Instruments) . 2-72
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Indicators (Power Train System) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41
Induction System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
In-Flight Wire Strike . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-43
Infrared Suppression System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Instrument Flight General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-26
Instrument Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-56
Instrument Markings A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5, F5-1
Instrument Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5, F5-2
Instrument Panel and Console (Typical) C . . F2-14
Instrument Panel and Console (Typical) A . . F2-13
Instrument Panel and Console (with
AN/ARC-201 (Typical) A . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-14.1
Instrument Panel and Console (with
AN/ARC-201 (Typical) C . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-14.2
Instruments and Indicators, Engine . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Introduction, General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Introduction, Section I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
J
K
Knock, Spike . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
L
Landing and Ditching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-37
Landing, Before . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23
Landing Gear System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Landing in Trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-38
Landing Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54
Landing Lights C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Lightning Strike . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-38, 9-42
Lights, Anti-Collision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53
Lights, Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-57
Lights, Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-56
Lights, Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54
Lights, Landing C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Lights, NVG, Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-52
Lights, Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-51
Light, Utility, Cockpit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59
Limitations, Center of Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
Limitations, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
Limitations, Engine Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
Limitations, Firing A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Limitations, Hovering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16, 5-24
Limitations, Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Limitations, Turbulence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-33
Limitations, Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18
Limitations, Wind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Limits, Airspeed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
Limits, Fuel Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Limits (Performance Data) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
Change 11
Index-5
TM 55-1520-228-10
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Limits, Starter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Limits, Transmission Oil Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Limits, Transmission Oil Temperature . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Loading Chart, Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8, F6-4
Loading Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Loading, Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10, F6-5
Locking Devices for Doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-8
Loss of Tail Rotor Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-21
Loss of Tail Rotor Effectiveness (LTE) . . . 8-32, 9-22
Low Gs, Flight Restriction at . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25
M
Magnetic Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-67
Main Driveshaft Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-23
Main Rotor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
Main Rotor RPM Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
Maneuvers, Acrobatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22
Maneuvers and Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . 8-4
Maximum Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Maximum Torque available Chart
(30 Minute Operation) A . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Manual Remote Keying Procedures . . . . . . . . . 3-33
Markings, Instrument A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5, F5-2
Markings, Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5, F5-1
Mast Bumping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-28, 9-25
Maximum Glide Distance Power Off . . . . . . . . . 9-9
Maximum Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Maximum Torque available Chart
(30 Minute Operation) A . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Maximum Torque Available Chart
(30 Minute Operation) C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F7-11
Minimum Crew Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Minimum Height for Safe Landing after
Engine Failure Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F9-3
Minimum Rate of Descent Power Off . . . . . . . . 9-8
Miscellaneous Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-72
Missile Jettisoning Airspeed Limits . . . DELETED*
Mission Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Mooring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-86
Mooring Float Equipped Helicopter A . . . . . . 2-87
Missile Alert Indicator/Display
AN/APR-39A(V)1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-17
N
Nomenclature and Common Names . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
NVG-Compatible Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60
NVG Position Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-52
O
Oil Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
Operating Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27
Operating Limits and Restrictions . . . . . . . . 5-1, 5-2
Index-6
Change 11
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Operation, Sand and Dust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-41
Operational Limits, Exceeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Operating Procedures
AN/ARC-164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22, F3-6
AN/ARC-164(V) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23, F3-6
CONUS Navigation Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50
Course Deviation Indicator . . . . . . . . 3-54, F3-12
Direction Finder Set (AN/ARN-89) . . . . . . . 3-38
FM Radio Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Gyro Magnetic Compass Set . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42
Pneumatic Altimeter, AAU-31/A . . . . . . . . . . 2-62
Pneumatic Altimeter, AAU-32/A,
Altimeter Encoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62.1
MWO 1-1520-228-50-52) . . . . . . . . . . 3-67.4
MWO 1-1520-228-50-52 . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-67
AN/APR-39A(V)1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70
AN/APR-39A(V)1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70
Transponder Set A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58
Transponder Set C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
(AN/ARC-51BX) A . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
UHF/AM Radio Set (AN/ARC-116) . . . . . . . 3-21
UHF/AM Radio Set (AN/ARC-164) . . . . . . . 3-22
UHF/AM Radio Set
(RT-1167C/ARC-164(V)) . . . . . . . 3-23, F3-6
UHF/AM Radio Set
(RT-1167/ARC-164(V)
or RT-1167C/ARC-164(V)) . . . . . 3-26, F3-6
VHF/AM Radio Set (AN/ARC-115) . . . . . . . 3-17
AN/ARC-114A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Zeroize Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-74
SEC/KY-58 . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28 through 3-34
Operating Procedures and Maneuvers . . . . . . . . 8-4
Operations, Cold Weather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-34
Operations, Desert and Hot Weather . . . . . . . . . 8-36
Operations, Snow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-35
Overhead Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-12
Overhead Console with AN/ARC-201
(Typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-12.1
Overheated Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-34
Overspeed, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-14
P
Panel, Control, AN/APR-39A(V)1 . . . . . . . . . . . F3-17
Panel, Control, AN/APX-100 C . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-14
TM 55-1520-228-10
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Panel, Control, AN/ARC-114 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-3
Panel, Control, AN/ARC-114A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-3
Panel, Control, AN/ARC-201 & Zeroize
Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-18
Panel, Control, AN/ARC-51BX A . . . . . . . . . . . F3-7
Panel, Control, AN/ARC-89 (ADF) . . . . . . . . . . . F3-9
Panel, Control, APX-72 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-13
Panel, Control, C-66533/ARC,
Communication System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-2
Panel, Control, CONUS Navigation
Receiver C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-11
Panel, Control, TSEC/KY-58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-7
Panels, Warning and Caution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-19
Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-84
Passive Defense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Paved Surface Mooring Configuration
(OH-58A/C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-25
Performance Data, Chapter 7 Index . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Performance Data, Definition of Abbreviations 7-10
Performance Data, General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Performance Data, General Conditions . . . . . . . 7-8
Performance Data, Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
Performance Data, Performance
Discrepancies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9
Performance Data, Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Performance Data, Specific Conditions . . . . . . . . 7-7
Performance Data, Use of Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
Performance Discrepancies (Data) . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9
Performance, Maximum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Personnel Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10, F6-5
Pilot and Copilot/Observer Station Diagram . . . F2-4
Pitot Heating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
Pneumatic Altimeter, AAU-31/A . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62
Pneumatic Altimeter, AAU-31/A
Altitude Encode/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62.1, F2-18.1
Position Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-51
Position Lights, NVG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-52
Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Power Supply, Alternating Current . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50
Power Train System Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41
Practice Autorotation Landing Limits
Crosswind Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F5-4
Preflight Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7
Pressure Altimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63
Principal Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-5
Pylon Support Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
Pylon Suspension System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37
Pylon Whirl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-30
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Q
R
Radar Altimeter C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F3-16
Radar Altimeter (AN/APN-209) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-70
MWO 1-1520-228-50-52) . . . . . . . 3-67.1, F3-16
MWO 1-1520-228-50-52) . . . . . . . . . 3-64, F3-16
Radar Warning System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-71
AN/APR-39A(V)1 Description . . . . . . . . . 3-68.1
Radar Signal Detecting Set AN/APR-39A(V)1
Controls and Functions . . . . . . . . . 3-69, F3-17
Radar Signal Detecting Set AN/APR-39A(V)1
Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70
Radio Bearing Heading Indicator
ID-1351A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43, F3-10
Controls and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45, F3-10
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44
Rain, Snow and Icing Conditions, Flight in . . . 5-32.1
Receptacle, Signal Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-58
Refueling Receptacle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-23
Rotor Blade Tie-Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-86A
Rotor, Main . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
Rotor, Gearbox, Tail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39
Rotors, Transmission, and Drive Systems
Malfunctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-17
RPM Warning System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-44
RT-1167, UHF/AM Radio Set . . . . . . . . . . 3-23, F3-6
RT-1167C, UHF/AM Radio Set . . . . . . . . . 3-23, F3-6
Runup, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-18
S
Salt Water, Flight Over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31
Sand and Dust Conditions, Flight in . . . . . . . . . . 5-32
Sand and Dust Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-41
Scanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-74
Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Secure Voice Procedures, KY-58 . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29
Servicing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73
Servicing, Blade Grips and Pillow Blocks . . . . . 2-82
Servicing Diagram A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-20
Servicing Diagram C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-21
Servicing, Engine Oil System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-79
Servicing, Fuel System Power Off . . . . . . . . . 2-77
Servicing, Hydraulic System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-81
Servicing, Transmission and Gearbox
Oil System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-80
Change 11
Index-7
TM 55-1520-228-10
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Shutdown, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-24
Signal Light Receptacle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-58
Slope Landing/Takeoff Limitations . . . . . . . . . . 5-28.1
Smoke and Fume Elimination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-31
Snow Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-35
Space, Cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6, F6-3
Special Conditions (Performance Data) . . . . . . . 7-7
Spike Knock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
Stabilizer, Horizontal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30
Starter Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Starter Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Starting Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
Station Diagram, Helicopter . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3, F6-1
Surges, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-26
Switch, Starter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Symbols, Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
Symbols, Designator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
System, Electrical, Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-18
System, Pitot Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
T
Tailboom, Left Side, Area 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12
Tailboom, Right Side, Area 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Tail Rotor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-45
Tail Rotor Failure and Directional
Control Malfunctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-18
Tail Rotor Gearbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39
Takeoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
Takeoff, Before . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19
Takeoff Chart A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Takeoff Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Temperature Conversion Chart . . . . . . . . . 7-11, F7-1
Temperatures, Free Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11
Temperature Measurement System . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Thunderstorms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-38
Tones, Audio KY-58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34
Torque Available Chart (Continuous
Operation) A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Torque Available Chart (Continuous
Operation) C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F7-12
Torque Available, Chart Differences A . . DELETED
Torque Available, Chart Differences C . . . . . . . 7-38
Towing Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Transponder AN/APX-100 C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
Transponder AN/APX-72 Control Panel A . . F3-13
Transponder Set, AN/APX-72 A . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-55
Transponder Set, Control Panel C . . . . . . . . . F3-14
Transponder Set, Controls and
Functions A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-57, F3-13
Transponder Set, Description A . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
Index-8
Change 11
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Transponder Set, Operating Procedures A . . . 3-58
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35
Transmission and Gearbox Oil System
Servicing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-80
Transmission Oil Pressure Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Transmission Oil Temperature Limits . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Trim, Force, Force Gradient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
Turbulence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-37
Turbulence, Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-33
Turn and Slip Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65
Turning Radius and Ground Clearance . . . . . . . F2-6
U
AN/ARC-51BX A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
UHF/AM Command Radio Set (AN/ARC-51BX)
Controls and Functions A . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Description A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Operating Procedures A . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
UHF/AM Radio Set (AN/ARC-116) . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
UHF/AM Radio Set (AN/ARC-116)
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
UHF/AM Radio Set (AN/ARC-164) . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
UHF/AM Radio Set
(RT-1167/ARC 164(V)) . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23, F3-6
Underspeed, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-15
Use of Charts Climb-Descent Chart A DELETED
Climb-Descent Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-54
Climb Performance Charts A . . . . . . DELETED
Climb Performance Charts C . . . . . . DELETED
Cruise A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Cruise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-48
Drag A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Drag C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-51
Fuel Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-48
Hover A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Hover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-42
Idle Fuel Flow A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Idle Fuel Flow C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-60
TM 55-1520-228-10
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number
Takeoff C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Torque Available A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DELETED
Use of Charts (Performance Data) . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
Use of Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-76
Use of Word Shall, Should and May . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Subject
Paragraph, Figure,
Table Number

TSEC/KY-58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27, F3-8
Voice Security Equipment TSEC/KY-58
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
Operating Procedures . . . . . . 3-28 through 3-34
V
Ventilation and Heating A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-16
Vertical Fin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
Vertical Speed Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-68
VHF/AM Radio Set
AN/ARC-115 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14, 3-15, F3-4
VHF/AM Radio Set AN/ARC-115
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
AN/ARC-114A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
AN/ARC-114A) Controls and
Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12, F3-3
AN/ARC-114A) Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
AN/ARC-114A) Operating Procedures . . 3-13
VHF/FM Radio Set AN/ARC-201 . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71
VHF/FM Radio Set (AN/ARC-201) & Zeroize
Switch Controls and Functions . . . 3-73, F3-18
Switch Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-72
Switch Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . . . 3-74
Warning and Caution Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-19

Warning/Caution Panel Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T9-1
Warning, Cautions, and Notes Defined . . . . . . . . 1-2
Warning System, RPM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-44
Weight and Balance Clearance Form F,
DD Form 365-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
Weight and Balance Record, Basic
DD Form 365-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
Weight Checklist, Basic, DD Form 365-1 . . . . . 6-14
Weight/Balance and Loading General . . . . . . . 6-1
Weight Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18
Whirl, Pylon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-30
Wire Strike, In Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-43
Wind Azimuth on Aircraft, Effects of . . . . . . . . . . F8-2
Wind Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Wire Strike Protection System (WSPS) . . . . . . . . 2-6
WSPS Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F2-9
X
Y
Z
Zeroizing Procedures, KY-58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
Zeroize Switch (AN/ARC-201) . . . . . . . . 3-75, F3-18
Change 11
TM 55-1520-228-10
CARL E.VUONO
Chief of Staff
Official:
DISTRIBUTION:
To be distributed in accordance with DA Form 12-31, -10 and CL requirements for OH-58A and OH-58C Helicopter,
Observation.
*U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1994 - 300-421 (82053)

*U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1994 300-421/82053
These are the instructions for sending an electronic 2028

The following format must be used if submitting an electronic 2028. The subject line must be
exactly the same and all fields must be included; however only the following fields are
mandatory: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 15, 16, 17, and 27.
From:
To:
Whomever <whomever@wherever.army.mil>
2028@redstone.army.mil
Subject: DA Form 2028

1. From: Joe Smith
2. Unit: home
3. Address: 4300 Park
4. City: Hometown
5. St: MO
6. Zip: 77777
7. Date Sent: 19--OCT--93
8. Pub no: 55--2840--229--23
9. Pub Title: TM
10. Publication Date: 04--JUL--85
11. Change Number: 7
12. Submitter Rank: MSG
13. Submitter FName: Joe
14. Submitter MName: T
15. Submitter LName: Smith
16. Submitter Phone: 123--123--1234
17. Problem: 1
18. Page: 2
19. Paragraph: 3
20. Line: 4
21. NSN: 5
22. Reference: 6
23. Figure: 7
24. Table: 8
25. Item: 9
26. Total: 123
27. Text:
This is the text for the problem below line 27.
Use Part II (reverse) for Repair Parts and Special Tool Lists (RPSTL) and Supply Catalogs/
Supply Manuals (SC/SM)
RECOMMENDED CHANGES TO PUBLICATIONS AND

BLANK FORMS
DATE
8/30/02
For use of this form, see AR 25--30; the proponent agency is ODISC4.
TO: (Forward to proponent of publication or form)(Include ZIP Code)
FROM: (Activity and location)(Include ZIP Code)
Commander, U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Command
MSG, Jane Q. Doe
ATTN: AMSAM--MMC--MA--NP
1234 Any Street
Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898
Nowhere Town, AL 34565
PART 1 -- ALL PUBLICATIONS (EXCEPT RPSTL AND SC/SM) AND BLANK FORMS
PUBLICATION/FORM NUMBER
DATE
TM 9--1005--433--24
16 Sep 2002
ITEM
PAGE
PARA--
LINE
FIGURE
TABLE
NO.
NO.
GRAPH
NO. *
NO.
NO.
WP0005
TITLE Organizational, Direct Support, And General

Support Maintenance Manual for Machine Gun, .50
Caliber M3P and M3P Machine Gun Electrical Test Set
Used On Avenger Air Defense Weapon System
RECOMMENDED CHANGES AND REASON
Test or Corrective Action column should identify a different WP number.
PG 3
* Reference to line numbers within the paragraph or subparagraph.

TYPED NAME, GRADE OR TITLE
MSG, Jane Q. Doe, SFC

DA FORM 2028, FEB 74
TELEPHONE EXCHANGE/
AUTOVON, PLUS EXTENSION
SIGNATURE
788--1234
REPLACES DA FORM 2028, 1 DEC 68, WHICH WILL BE USED.
USAPA V3.01
TO: (Forward direct to addressee listed in publication)
FROM: (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code)
MSG, Jane Q. Doe
ATTN: AMSAM--MMC--MA--NP
1234 Any Street
Nowhere Town, AL 34565
DATE
8/30/02
PART II -- REPAIR PARTS AND SPECIAL TOOL LISTS AND SUPPLY CATALOGS/SUPPLY MANUALS
PUBLICATION NUMBER
DATE
TITLE
PAGE
COLM
LINE
NATIONAL STOCK
REFERENCE
FIGURE
ITEM
NO.
NO.
NO.
NUMBER
NO.
NO.
NO.
TOTAL NO.
OF MAJOR
ITEMS
SUPPORTED
RECOMMENDED ACTION
PART III -- REMARKS (Any general remarks or recommendations, or suggestions for improvement of publications and
blank forms. Additional blank sheets may be used if more space is needed.)
MSG, Jane Q. Doe, SFC
TELEPHONE EXCHANGE/AUTOVON,
PLUS EXTENSION
SIGNATURE
788--1234
USAPA V3.01
Use Part II (reverse) for Repair Parts and Special Tool Lists (RPSTL) and Supply Catalogs/
Supply Manuals (SC/SM)
RECOMMENDED CHANGES TO PUBLICATIONS AND

BLANK FORMS
DATE
For use of this form, see AR 25--30; the proponent agency is ODISC4.
TO: (Forward to proponent of publication or form)(Include ZIP Code)

ATTN: AMSAM-MMC-MA-NP
FROM: (Activity and location)(Include ZIP Code)
PART 1 -- ALL PUBLICATIONS (EXCEPT RPSTL AND SC/SM) AND BLANK FORMS
PUBLICATION/FORM NUMBER TM 55-1520-228-10
DATE 17 JAN 1989 TITLE Operator's Manual Army Model OH-58A/C

Helicopter
ITEM
PAGE
PARA--
LINE
FIGURE
TABLE
NO.
NO.
GRAPH
NO. *
NO.
NO.
RECOMMENDED CHANGES AND REASON
* Reference to line numbers within the paragraph or subparagraph.

DA FORM 2028, FEB 74
TELEPHONE EXCHANGE/
AUTOVON, PLUS EXTENSION
SIGNATURE
REPLACES DA FORM 2028, 1 DEC 68, WHICH WILL BE USED.
USAPA V3.01
TO: (Forward direct to addressee listed in publication)

ATTN: AMSAM-MMC-MA-NP
FROM: (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code)
DATE
PART II -- REPAIR PARTS AND SPECIAL TOOL LISTS AND SUPPLY CATALOGS/SUPPLY MANUALS
PUBLICATION NUMBER TM 55-1520-228-10
DAT 17 JAN 1989
TITLE Operator's Manual Army Model OH-58A/C

Helicopter
PAGE
COLM
LINE
NATIONAL STOCK
REFERENCE
FIGURE
ITEM
NO.
NO.
NO.
NUMBER
NO.
NO.
NO.
TOTAL NO.
OF MAJOR
ITEMS
SUPPORTED
RECOMMENDED ACTION
PART III -- REMARKS (Any general remarks or recommendations, or suggestions for improvement of publications and
blank forms. Additional blank sheets may be used if more space is needed.)
TELEPHONE EXCHANGE/AUTOVON,
PLUS EXTENSION
SIGNATURE
USAPA V3.01
The Metric System and Equivalents

Linear Measure
Liquid Measure
1 centiliter = 10 milliters = .34 fl. ounce
1 deciliter = 10 centiliters = 3.38 fl. ounces
1 liter = 10 deciliters = 33.81 fl. ounces
1 dekaliter = 10 liters = 2.64 gallons
1 hectoliter = 10 dekaliters = 26.42 gallons
1 kiloliter = 10 hectoliters = 264.18 gallons
1 centimeter = 10 millimeters = .39 inch

1 decimeter = 10 centimeters = 3.94 inches
1 meter = 10 decimeters = 39.37 inches
1 dekameter = 10 meters = 32.8 feet
1 hectometer = 10 dekameters = 328.08 feet
1 kilometer = 10 hectometers = 3,280.8 feet
Square Measure
Weights
1 sq. centimeter = 100 sq. millimeters = .155 sq. inch
1 sq. decimeter = 100 sq. centimeters = 15.5 sq. inches
1 sq. meter (centare) = 100 sq. decimeters = 10.76 sq. feet
1 sq. dekameter (are) = 100 sq. meters = 1,076.4 sq. feet
1 sq. hectometer (hectare) = 100 sq. dekameters = 2.47 acres
1 sq. kilometer = 100 sq. hectometers = .386 sq. mile
1 centigram = 10 milligrams = .15 grain

1 decigram = 10 centigrams = 1.54 grains
1 gram = 10 decigram = .035 ounce
1 decagram = 10 grams = .35 ounce
1 hectogram = 10 decagrams = 3.52 ounces
1 kilogram = 10 hectograms = 2.2 pounds
1 quintal = 100 kilograms = 220.46 pounds
1 metric ton = 10 quintals = 1.1 short tons
Cubic Measure
1 cu. centimeter = 1000 cu. millimeters = .06 cu. inch
1 cu. decimeter = 1000 cu. centimeters = 61.02 cu. inches
1 cu. meter = 1000 cu. decimeters = 35.31 cu. feet
Approximate Conversion Factors

To change
To
inches
feet
yards
miles
square inches
square feet
square yards
square miles
acres
cubic feet
cubic yards
fluid ounces
pints
quarts
gallons
ounces
pounds
short tons
pound-feet
pound-inches
centimeters
meters
meters
kilometers
square centimeters
square meters
square meters
square kilometers
square hectometers
cubic meters
cubic meters
milliliters
liters
liters
liters
grams
kilograms
metric tons
Newton-meters
Newton-meters
Multiply by
To change
2.540
.305
.914
1.609
6.451
.093
.836
2.590
.405
.028
.765
29,573
.473
.946
3.785
28.349
.454
.907
1.356
.11296
ounce-inches
centimeters
meters
meters
kilometers
square centimeters
square meters
square meters
square kilometers
square hectometers
cubic meters
cubic meters
milliliters
liters
liters
liters
grams
kilograms
metric tons
To
Newton-meters
inches
feet
yards
miles
square inches
square feet
square yards
square miles
acres
cubic feet
cubic yards
fluid ounces
pints
quarts
gallons
ounces
pounds
short tons
Temperature (Exact)
F
Fahrenheit
temperature
5/9 (after
subtracting 32)
Celsius
temperature
Multiply by
.007062
.394
3.280
1.094
.621
.155
10.764
1.196
.386
2.471
35.315
1.308
.034
2.113
1.057
.264
.035
2.205
1.102
PIN: 014142-000

TM 55-1520-228-10 Oper Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TM 55-1520-228-10 Oper Manual

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

TM 55-1520-228-10 Oper Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TM 55-1520-228-10

HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

HANDLING FUEL AND OILS

HANDLING HYDRAULIC FLUID (MIL-H-83282)

2. Retain this sheet in front of manual for reference purposes.

By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

2. Retain this sheet in front of manual for reference purposes.

DISTRIBUTION: To be distributed in accordance with Initial Distribution Number (IDN) 310230,

TM 55-1520-228-10, 17 January 1989, is changed as follows:

2. Retain this sheet in front of manual for reference purposes.

By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

DISTRIBUTION: To be distributed in accordance with Initial Distribution Number (IDN) 310230,

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

2-33 and 2-34

3-11 through 3-14

3-33 through 3-36

2-33 and 2-34

2. Retain this sheet in front of manual for reference purposes.

By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

5-1 and 5-2

5-1 and 5-2

2. Retain this sheet in front of manual for reference purposes.

By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

ARMY MODEL OH-58A/C HELICOPTER

2-33 and 2-34

2-33 and 2-34

3-31 and 3-32

Retain this sheet in front of manual for reference purposes.

By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

Administrative Assistant to the

TM 55-1520-228-10, 17 January 1989, is changed as follows:

3-27 and 3-28

3-27 and 3-28

Retain this sheet in front of manual for reference purposes.

By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

TM 55-1520-228-10, 17 January 1989, is changed as follows:

2-21 and 2-22

2-21 and 2-22

Retain this sheet in front of manual for reference purposes.

By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

TM 55-1520-228-10, 17 January 1989, is changed as follows:

6-7 and 6-8

6-7 and 6-8

Retain this sheet in front of manual for reference purposes.

By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

ARMY MODEL OH-58A/C HELICOPTER

Retain this sheet in front of manual for reference purposes.

By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

TM 55-1520-228-10, 17 January 1989, is changed as follows:

2. Retain this page in front of manual for reference purposes.

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

Change .. 8 . 25 June 1996

TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES IN THIS PUBLICATION IS 265, CONSISTING OF THE FOLLOWING:

*Zero in this column indicated an original page.

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES (CONT)

6-8.2 blank .............................................. 1