Chapter 7 - Practice Problems 1

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Provide an appropriate response.
1) Define a point estimate. What is the best point estimate for ?

1)

2) Define margin of error. Explain the relation between the confidence interval and the error

2)

estimate. Suppose a confidence interval is 9.65 < < 11.35. Find the sample mean x and the
error estimate E.

3) How do you determine whether to use the z or t distribution in computing the margin of
s
error, E = z
or E = t
?

/2
/2
n
n

3)

4) When determining the sample size needed to achieve a particular error estimate you need
to know . What are two methods of estimating if is unknown?

4)

5) Interpret the following 95% confidence interval for mean weekly salaries of shift managers
at Guiseppe's Pizza and Pasta.
325.80 < < 472.30

5)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Solve the problem.
6) Find the critical value z /2 that corresponds to a degree of confidence of 98%.
A) 2.575

B) 2.05

C) 2.33

6)
D) 1.75

7) Find the critical value z /2 that corresponds to a degree of confidence of 91%.

A) 1.75

B) 1.70

C) 1.645

7)
D) 1.34

Express the confidence interval in the form of p E.

8) -0.134 < p < 0.666
^

A) p = 0.266 - 0.4

8)

B) p = 0.4 0.5

C) p = 0.266 0.5
1

D) p = 0.266 0.4

Solve the problem.

9) The following confidence interval is obtained for a population proportion, p:
(0.700, 0.728)

9)

Use these confidence interval limits to find the point estimate, p .

A) 0.718

B) 0.714

C) 0.728

D) 0.700

10) The following confidence interval is obtained for a population proportion, p:

0.478 < p < 0.510
Use these confidence interval limits to find the margin of error, E.
A) 0.032

B) 0.016

C) 0.494

10)

D) 0.017

Find the margin of error for the 95% confidence interval used to estimate the population proportion.
11) n = 151, x = 122
A) 0.110

B) 0.00201

C) 0.0628

D) 0.0565

12) In a survey of 4800 T.V. viewers, 50% said they watch network news programs.
A) 0.0141

B) 0.0106

11)

C) 0.0162

12)
D) 0.0185

Use the given degree of confidence and sample data to construct a confidence interval for the population proportion p.
13) n = 54, x = 13; 95 percent
13)
A) 0.144 < p < 0.338
C) 0.145 < p < 0.337

B) 0.126 < p < 0.356

D) 0.127 < p < 0.355

14) n = 140, x = 81; 90 percent

14)

A) 0.514 < p < 0.644

C) 0.510 < p < 0.648

B) 0.509 < p < 0.649

D) 0.513 < p < 0.645
^

Find the minimum sample size you should use to assure that your estimate of p will be within the required margin of
error around the population p.

15) Margin of error: 0.012; confidence level: 93%; p and q unknown

A) 5700
B) 1
C) 38

D) 5701

16) Margin of error: 0.006; confidence level: 97%; p and q unknown

A) 197
B) 32,704
C) 196

D) 32,702

15)

16)

17) Margin of error: 0.07; confidence level: 90%; from a prior study, p is estimated by 0.22.
A) 285
B) 84
C) 7
D) 95

17)

18) Margin of error: 0.03; confidence level: 95%; from a prior study, p is estimated by the decimal
equivalent of 58%.
A) 1040
B) 1795
C) 936
D) 2476

18)

Solve the problem.

19) Find the point estimate of the true proportion of people who wear hearing aids if, in a random
sample of 496 people, 73 people had hearing aids.
A) 0.128

B) 0.853

C) 0.147

D) 0.145

20) 50 people are selected randomly from a certain population and it is found that 13 people in the
sample are over 6 feet tall. What is the point estimate of the true proportion of people in the
population who are over 6 feet tall?
A) 0.50

B) 0.74

C) 0.26

19)

20)

D) 0.19

Use the given degree of confidence and sample data to construct a confidence interval for the population proportion p.

21) A survey of 865 voters in one state reveals that 408 favor approval of an issue before the legislature.
Construct the 95% confidence interval for the true proportion of all voters in the state who favor
approval.
A) 0.438 < p < 0.505
C) 0.471 < p < 0.472

21)

B) 0.444 < p < 0.500

D) 0.435 < p < 0.508

Use the given degree of confidence and sample data to construct a confidence interval for the population proportion p.
22) Of 99 adults selected randomly from one town, 63 have health insurance. Find a 90% confidence
22)
interval for the true proportion of all adults in the town who have health insurance.
A) 0.542 < p < 0.731
C) 0.557 < p < 0.716

B) 0.524 < p < 0.749

D) 0.512 < p < 0.761

23) Of 112 randomly selected adults, 34 were found to have high blood pressure. Construct a 95%
confidence interval for the true percentage of all adults that have high blood pressure.
A) 19.1% < p < 41.6%
C) 21.8% < p < 38.9%

B) 23.2% < p < 37.5%

D) 20.2% < p < 40.5%

Solve the problem.

24)
Find the critical value z /2 that corresponds to a degree of confidence of 91%.
A) 1.75

23)

B) 1.645

C) 1.34

24)

D) 1.70

Determine whether the given conditions justify using the margin of error E = z /2 / n when finding a confidence
interval estimate of the population mean .

25) The sample size is n = 205 and

25)

= 15.

A) Yes
26) The sample size is n = 12,

B) No
is not known, and the original population is normally distributed.

A) Yes

B) No
3

26)

Use the confidence level and sample data to find the margin of error E.
27) Weights of eggs: 95% confidence; n = 52, x = 1.78 oz,
A) 0.02 oz

B) 0.11 oz

= 0.40 oz

C) 0.09 oz

27)
D) 7.21 oz

28) Systolic blood pressures for women aged 18-24: 94% confidence; n = 98, x = 113.1 mm Hg,
= 13.4 mm Hg
A) 50.3 mm Hg

B) 9.9 mm Hg

C) 2.2 mm Hg

28)

D) 2.5 mm Hg

Use the confidence level and sample data to find a confidence interval for estimating the population .
29) Test scores: n = 95, x = 73.8,

= 7.4; 99 percent

A) 72.5 < < 75.1

B) 71.8 < < 75.8

29)
C) 72.3 < < 75.3

D) 72.0 < < 75.6

30) A random sample of 194 full-grown lobsters had a mean weight of 21 ounces and a standard
deviation of 3.8 ounces. Construct a 98 percent confidence interval for the population mean .
A) 20 < < 23

B) 21 < < 23

C) 20 < < 22

Use the margin of error, confidence level, and standard deviation

an unknown population mean .

31) Margin of error: $124, confidence level: 95%,

A) 62

D) 19 < < 21

to find the minimum sample size required to estimate

31)

= $530

B) 2

30)

C) 5

D) 71

Do one of the following, as appropriate: (a) Find the critical value z /2, (b) find the critical value t /2, (c) state that
neither the normal nor the t distribution applies.

32) 98%; n = 7;

A) z /2 = 2.33
33) 99%; n = 17;

B) t /2 = 1.96

C) t /2 = 2.575

D) z /2 = 2.05
33)

is unknown; population appears to be normally distributed.

A) t /2 = 2.921
34) 95%; n = 11;

32)

= 27; population appears to be normally distributed.

B) t /2 = 2.898

C) z /2 = 2.567

is known; population appears to be very skewed.

A) z /2 = 1.812
B) Neither the normal nor the t distribution applies.
C) z /2 = 1.96
D) t /2 = 2.228

D) z /2 = 2.583
34)

Find the margin of error.

_
35) 95% confidence interval; n = 91 ; x = 53, s = 12.5

A) 2.60

35)

B) 4.80

C) 2.23

D) 2.34

_
36) 95% confidence interval; n = 51; x = 129; s = 274

A) 100.2

36)

B) 77.1

C) 69.4

D) 161.9

Use the given degree of confidence and sample data to construct a confidence interval for the population mean . Assume
that the population has a normal distribution.
37) A laboratory tested twelve chicken eggs and found that the mean amount of cholesterol was 208
37)
milligrams with s = 18.2 milligrams. Construct a 95 percent confidence interval for the true mean
cholesterol content of all such eggs.

A) 196.4 < < 219.6

C) 196.3 < < 219.7

B) 198.6 < < 217.4

D) 196.5 < < 219.5

38) A sociologist develops a test to measure attitudes about public transportation, and 27 randomly
selected subjects are given the test. Their mean score is 76.2 and their standard deviation is 21.4.
Construct the 95% confidence interval for the mean score of all such subjects.
A) 74.6 < < 77.8

B) 67.7 < < 84.7

C) 64.2 < < 88.2

D) 69.2 < < 83.2

38)

AnswerKey
Testname:CH7SET1

1) Apointestimateisasinglevalueusedtoapproximateapopulationparameter.Thesamplemean xisthebestpoint
estimateof.
2) Themarginoferroristhemaximumlikelydifferencebetweentheobservedsamplemean xandthetruevalueforthe
populationmean.TheconfidenceintervalisfoundbytakingthesamplemeanxandaddingthemarginoferrorEto
findthehighvalueandsubtractingEtofindthelowvalueoftheinterval.Intheinterval 9.65<<11.35,thesample
meanxis10.5andtheerrorestimateEis0.85.
3) Providedn>30,thestandardnormaldistributionistheonetouse.If n 30,thepopulationmustbenormaland
mustbeknowntousetheformula.
4) 1) Usetherangeruleofthumb.
2) Conductapilotstudyandbaseyourestimateofonthefirstcollectionofatleast31randomlyselectedvalues.
5) Weare95%surethattheintervalcontainsthetruepopulationvalueformeanweeklysalariesofshiftmanagersat
GuiseppesPizzaandPasta.
6) C
7) B
8) D
9) B
10) B
11) C
12) A
13) D
14) C
15) D
16) B
17) D
18) A
19) C
20) C
21) A
22) C
23) C
24) D
25) A
26) B
27) B
28) D
29) B
30) C
31) D
32) A
33) A
34) B
35) A
36) B
37) A
38) B