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    Mining Potential and Economic Contribution

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    Poe Anthony Ortega
    The Philippines has significant mineral resources worth trillions of dollars that could help end poverty, however mining contributes little to the economy and poses environmental and social risks. Two major disasters in 2012 resulted from mine waste. The government promotes mining as assisting poverty reduction but some mining areas remain poor. Laws require consultation of indigenous peoples and local communities on mining projects. Managing resources sustainably includes reducing water and energy use in mining, preventing waste pollution, and restoring mined lands.

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    Mining Potential and Economic Contribution

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    Poe Anthony Ortega
    38 views4 pages
    The Philippines has significant mineral resources worth trillions of dollars that could help end poverty, however mining contributes little to the economy and poses environmental and social risks. Two major disasters in 2012 resulted from mine waste. The government promotes mining as assisting poverty reduction but some mining areas remain poor. Laws require consultation of indigenous peoples and local communities on mining projects. Managing resources sustainably includes reducing water and energy use in mining, preventing waste pollution, and restoring mined lands.

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    The Philippines has significant mineral resources worth trillions of dollars that could help end poverty, however mining contributes little to the economy and poses environmental and social risks. Two major disasters in 2012 resulted from mine waste. The government promotes mining as assisting poverty reduction but some mining areas remain poor. Laws require consultation of indigenous peoples and local communities on mining projects. Managing resources sustainably includes reducing water and energy use in mining, preventing waste pollution, and restoring mined lands.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    38 views4 pages

    Mining Potential and Economic Contribution

    Uploaded by

    Poe Anthony Ortega
    The Philippines has significant mineral resources worth trillions of dollars that could help end poverty, however mining contributes little to the economy and poses environmental and social risks. Two major disasters in 2012 resulted from mine waste. The government promotes mining as assisting poverty reduction but some mining areas remain poor. Laws require consultation of indigenous peoples and local communities on mining projects. Managing resources sustainably includes reducing water and energy use in mining, preventing waste pollution, and restoring mined lands.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Mining Potential and Economic Contribution

    Mineral Resource Potential. The Philippines is one of the highly mineralized countries in the
    world with 9 million hectares considered to have high mineral potential. According to the Mines
    and Geosciences Bureau (MGB), the country is ranked top five in the world for overall mineral
    reserves, second in gold and third in copper resources. The Philippines has untapped mineral
    wealth worth at least (PhP47 trillion) in gold, copper, nickel, chromite, manganese, silver and
    iron. This is ten times the countrys annual gross domestic product (GDP). The Philippines gold
    reserves alone can amount to PhP7.36 trillion, or about 76 percent of the countrys GDP of
    PhP9.73 trillion in 2011. This amount, according to the National Statistical Coordination Board
    (NSCB), is enough to completely end poverty in the country, which remains the greatest
    challenge facing the government.

    1. What are the Issues or Problems concerning the resources /ecosystem?


    Mining Contribution.
    Despite the sectors economic potential, mining contribution to the economy remains low. Based
    on the MGB figures, the mining industry has merely accounted for no more than 0.91 percent of
    the GDP from 2003 to 2012, on the average. Production has been fraught for the past years by
    the effects of natural disasters and low international prices.
    Environmental and Social Costs.
    Mining is deemed to overexploit and adversely affect environmentally critical areas, leading to
    risks and hazards to the publics health, safety and general welfare.
    two major disasters related to mining
    In June 2012, a fish kill occurred in Lake Bito, a rich fishing ground in Leyte.The tragedy was
    traced to mine wastes from Nicua Mining Corporation, which was then operating in another
    village in MacArthur, Leyte.
    In August 2012, a waste spill happened in the province of Benguet. About 20 million metric
    tons of tailings gushed out from the tailings-pond of Philex'sPadcal mines. The huge discharge
    drained out to the Balog and Agno River systems, which provide the water requirements of San
    Roque Dam for agricultural irrigation and power generation while serving a number of
    municipalities in the province of Pangasinan, like San Manuel.

    2. What is the government doing to address these issues/problems?


    Economic model
    The government of the Philippines is promoting mining as assisting in the Governments
    program on poverty and contributing to the general economic well being of the nation. Examples
    include Marinduque and Benguet, whose experiences have been well documented. Despite
    their past international importance as mining areas, they remain among the poorest regions in
    the Philippines.90
    Indigenous peoples and Free, Prior, Informed, Consent
    The Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (IPRA, 1997) and the Mining Code (Republic Act 7942,
    1995) guarantee indigenous peoples the right to free, prior, informed consent (FPIC) over
    decisions affecting them and developments on their lands.
    The Philippines Local Government Code
    The Local Government Code of 1991 requires that local governments be consulted with regard
    to development initiatives, including mining operations, within their jurisdiction.

    The Republic Act No. 7942


    Mining Act promotes the national policy of mining in LGUs with mineral deposits subject to
    limitations.

    3. How are these


    development?

    resources/ecosystem

    being

    managed

    to

    ensure

    sustainable

    Reducing inputs
    Water
    Water is used in a number of applications at mine sites. By diverting surface water and pumping
    groundwater, mining operations can reduce both the quantity and quality of water available
    downstream for aquatic ecosystems and other industrial and municipal water users.
    Energy
    The extraction of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and gas), and the construction of infrastructure required
    for energy generation have their own environmental impacts, including the production of
    greenhouse gases and increased risk of environmental contamination along the energy supply
    route. Reducing energy consumption at mines can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and

    extend the life of fossil fuel reserves in addition to reducing operating costs and therefore the
    cost of the commodity being mined.
    Reducing outputs
    Waste
    Mine waste includes solid waste, mine water, and air particles, which can vary significantly in
    their composition and potential for environmental contamination. In addition to preventing soil,
    water, and air pollution, waste management plans are required in order to select and design
    appropriate storage facilities for the large volumes of waste produced at most mine sites.
    Restoring environmental function at mine sites
    Mine site reclamation and closure activities aim to restore land disturbed by mining activities to
    an acceptable state for re-use by people or ecosystems.
    4. Give your own ideas on how these resources should be managed?
    Address the environmental, economic, health and social impacts and benefits of mining
    through their life cycle, including workers' health and safety;
    Increase the participation of stakeholders, including local and indigenous communities
    and women;
    Promote sustainable mining practices through the supply of financial, technical and
    capacity-building support to developing countries and countries with economies.

    Bibliography:
    http://www.miningfacts.org
    https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org

    March 16, 2015

    MINING
    IN THE
    PHILIPPINES

    UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES FOUNDATION


    Salinas Drive Lahug, Cebu City

    Submitted by: Poe Anthony M. Ortega


    Rogelyn O. Tejero
    Felben P. Pinanonang
    Submitted to: Ivy P. Tariman

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