Chapter 9 Accounting For Branches Including Foreign Branches PM

9
Accounting for Branches Including

Foreign Branch Accounts
BASIC CONCEPTS
Types of branches
Dependent branches
Independent branches
Based on accounting point of view, branches may be classified as follows:

Branches in respect of which the whole of the accounting records are kept at the
head office
Branches which maintain independent accounting records, and
Foreign Branches.
System of accounting
Debtors System: under this system head office makes a branch account.
Anything given to branch is debited and anything received from branch would be
credited.
Branch trading and profit and loss account method/Final accounts method: Under
this system head office prepares (a) profit and loss account (b) branch account
taking each branch as a separate entity.
Stock and debtors system: Under this system head office opens:
Branch stock account
Branch debtors account
Branch asset account
Branch expenses account
Branch adjustment account
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
Accounting for Branches Including Foreign Branch Accounts
9.2
Branch profit and loss account
Types of Foreign branches :

Integral Foreign Operation (IFO): It is a foreign operation, the activities of which
are an integral part of those of the reporting enterprise.
Non-Integral Foreign Operation (NFO): It is a foreign operation that is not an
Integral Foreign Operation. The business of a NFO is carried on in a substantially
independent way by accumulating cash and other monetary items, incurring
expenses, generating income and arranging borrowing in its local currency.
Non-Integral Foreign Operation -translation

Balance sheet items i.e. Assets and Liabilities both monetary and non-monetary
apply closing exchange rate.
Items of income and expenses At actual exchange rates on the date of
transactions
Resulting exchange rate difference should be accumulated in a foreign currency
translation reserve until the disposal of net investment in non-integral foreign
operation.
Integral Foreign Operation (IFO) - translation

at the rate prevailing on the date of transaction
BRANCHES IN INDIA
Question 1
Why goods are marked on invoice price by the head office while sending goods to the branch?
Answer
Goods are marked on invoice price to achieve the following objectives:
(i)
To keep secret from the branch manager, the cost price of the goods and profit made, so
that the branch manager may not start a rival and competitive business with the concern;
and
(ii)
To have effective control on stock i.e stock at any time must be equal to opening stock
plus goods received from head office minus sales made at branch.
(iii) To dictate pricing policy to its branches, as well as save work at branch because prices
have already been decided.
9.3
Advanced Accounting
Question 2
Goods worth ` 50,000 sent by head office but the branch has received till the closing date
goods for worth ` 40,000 only. Give journal entry in the books of H.O. and branch for goods
in transit.
Answer
Journal entry in the books of Head Office
No entry
Journal entry in the books of Branch
`
Goods-in-transit account
Dr.
10,000
To Head Office account
10,000
(Being goods sent by head office is still in transit)

Question 3
Alphs having head office in Mumbai has a branch in Nagpur. The branch at Nagpur is an
independent branch maintaining separate books of account. On 31.3.2011, it was found that
the goods dispatched by head office for ` 2,00,000 was received by the branch only to the
extent of ` 1,50,000. The balance goods are in transit. What is the accounting entry to be
passed by the branch for recording the goods in transit, in its books?
Answer
Nagpur branch must include the inventory in its books as goods in transit.
The following journal entry must be made by the branch:
Goods in transit A/c
To Head office A/c
Dr.
50,000
50,000
[Being Goods sent by Head office is still in transit on the closing date]
Question 4
Widespread invoices goods to its branch at cost plus 20%. The branch sells goods for cash as
well as on credit. The branch meets its expenses out of cash collected from its debtors and
cash sales and remits the balance of cash to head office after withholding
` 10,000 necessary for meeting immediate requirements of cash. On 31st March, 2012 the
assets at the branch were as follows:
9.4
` (000)
10
384
1,080
500
Cash in Hand
Trade Debtors
Stock, at Invoice Price
Furniture and Fittings
During the accounting year ended 31st March, 2013 the invoice price of goods dispatched by
the head office to the branch amounted to ` 1 crore 32 lakhs. Out of the goods received by it,
the branch sent back to head office goods invoiced at ` 72,000. Other transactions at the
branch during the year were as follows:
(` 000)
9,700
3,140
2,842
58
102
37
842
Cash Sales
Credit Sales
Cash collected by Branch from Credit Customers
Cash Discount allowed to Debtors
Returns by Customers
Bad Debts written off
Expenses paid by Branch
On 1st January, 2013 the branch purchased new furniture for ` 1 lakh for which payment was
made by head office through a cheque.
On 31st March, 2013 branch expenses amounting to ` 6,000 were outstanding and cash in
hand was again ` 10,000. Furniture is subject to depreciation @ 16% per annum on
diminishing balance method.
Prepare Branch Account in the books of head office for the year ended 31st March, 2013.
Answer
In the Head Office Books
Branch Account
for the year ended 31st March, 2013
` 000
To Balance b/d
Cash in hand
Trade debtors
`000
By
10
384
Balance b/d
Stock reserve ` 1,080 1
180
Stock
Furniture and fittings
1,080 By
500
Goods sent to branch A/c

(Returns to H.O.)
72
To Goods sent to branch A/c

To Bank A/c (Payment for
13,200 By
100

(Loading on net goods sent
2,188
9.5
Advanced Accounting
furniture)
To Balance c/d
1
1,470 6
245
Stock reserve
By
To Outstanding expenses
To Profit and loss A/c (Net Profit)
6 By
1,096
to branch 13,128
6
Bank A/c (Remittance from

branch to H.O.)
11,700
Balance c/d
Cash in hand
10
Trade debtors
485
Stock
Furniture and fittings
16,621
1,470
516
16,621
Working Notes :
1.
Invoice price and cost

Let cost be
100
So, invoice price
120
Loading
Loading : Invoice price
2.
20
= 20 : 120 = 1 : 6
Invoice price of closing stock in branch

Branch Stock Account
` 000
To Balance b/d
` 000
1,080 By Goods sent to branch
To Goods sent to branch
13,200 By Branch Cash
To Branch debtors
102 By Branch debtors

By Balance c/d
14,382
3.
72
9,700
3,140
1,470
14,382
Closing balance of branch debtors

Branch Debtors Account
To Balance b/d
To Branch stock
` 000
384 By Branch cash
3,140 By Branch expenses discount
By Branch stock (Returns)
By Branch expenses
` 000
2,842
58
102

(Bad debts)
By Balance b/d
3,524
4.
9.6
37
485
3,524
Closing balance of furniture and fittings

Branch Furniture and Fittings Account
` 000
5.
` 000
To Balance b/d
500 By Depreciation (80+4)
84
To Bank
100 By Balance c/d
516
600
600
Remittance by branch to head office

Branch Cash Account
` 000
To Balance b/d
10 By Branch expenses
To Branch stock
9,700 By Remittances to H.O.
To Branch debtors
2,842 By Balance b/d

12,552
` 000
842
11,700
10
12,552
Question 5
On 31st March, 2013 Kanpur Branch submits the following Trial Balance to its Head Office at
Lucknow :
Debit Balances
` in lacs
Furniture and Equipment
18
Depreciation on furniture
Salaries
25
Rent
10
Advertising
Telephone, Postage and Stationery
Sundry Office Expenses
Stock on 1st April, 2012
60
Goods Received from Head Office

Debtors
Cash at bank and in hand
288
20
8
9.7
Advanced Accounting
Carriage Inwards
7
448
Credit Balances
Outstanding Expenses
Goods Returned to Head Office
Sales
360
Head Office
80
448
Additional Information:
Stock on 31st March, 2013 was valued at ` 62 lacs. On 29th March, 2013 the Head Office
despatched goods costing ` 10 lacs to its branch. Branch did not receive these goods before
1st April, 2013. Hence, the figure of goods received from Head Office does not include these
goods. Also the head office has charged the branch ` 1 lac for centralised services for which
the branch has not passed the entry.
You are required to:
(i)
Pass Journal Entries in the books of the Branch to make the necessary adjustments
(ii)
Prepare Final Accounts of the Branch including Balance Sheet, and
(iii) Pass Journal Entries in the books of the Head Office to incorporate the whole of the
Branch Trial Balance
Answer
(i)
Books of Branch
Journal Entries
Goods in Transit A/c

To Head Office A/c
(Goods dispatched by head office but not received by branch
before 1st April, 2013)
Expenses A/c
To Head Office A/c
(Amount charged by head office for centralised services)
Dr.
Dr.
10
(` in lacs)
Cr.
10
Dr.
1
1
(ii)
9.8
Trading and Profit & Loss Account of the Branch

` in lacs
To Opening Stock
` in lacs
60 By Sales
To Goods received from

Head Office
360
By Closing Stock
62
288
Less : Returns
(5)
283
To Carriage Inwards
To Gross Profit c/d
72
422
To Salaries
422
25 By Gross Profit b/d
To Depreciation on Furniture
72
To Rent
10
To Advertising
To Telephone, Postage & Stationery
To Sundry Office Expenses
To Head Office Expenses
To Net Profit Transferred to

Head Office A/c
24
72
72
Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2013

Liabilities
` in lacs
Assets
` in lacs
Head Office
80
Furniture & Equipment
20
Add : Goods in transit
10
Less : Depreciation
(2)
Head Office Expenses
Net Profit
24
Stock in hand
62
Goods in Transit
10
115 Debtors
3 Cash at bank and in

hand
118
18
20
8
118
9.9
Advanced Accounting
(iii)
Books of Head Office

Journal Entries
Branch Trading Account
Dr.
Dr.
Dr.
355
To Branch Account
355
(The total of the following items in branch trial

balance debited to branch trading account
` in lacs
Opening Stock
60
Goods received from Head Office
288
Carriage Inwards
7)
Branch Account
Dr.
427
To Branch Trading Account
427
(Total sales, closing stock and goods returned to

Head Office credited to branch trading account,
individual amount being as follows:
` in lacs
Sales
360
Closing Stock
62
Goods returned to Head Office
5)
Branch Trading Account
Dr.
72
To Branch Profit and Loss Account
72
(Gross profit earned by branch credited to Branch

Profit and Loss Account)
Branch Profit and Loss Account
Dr.
To Branch Account
48
(Total of the following branch expenses debited

to Branch Profit & Loss Account
` in lacs
Salaries
25
Rent
10
Advertising
48

Telephone, Postage & Stationery
Sundry Office Expenses
Head Office Expenses
9.10
Depreciation on furniture &

Equipment
Branch Profit & Loss Account
Dr.
24
To Profit and Loss Account
24
(Net profit at branch credited to (general) Profit &

Loss A/c)
Branch Furniture & Equipment
Dr.
18
Branch Stock
Dr.
62
Branch Debtors
Dr.
20
Branch Cash at Bank and in Hand
Dr.
Goods in Transit
Dr.
10
To Branch
118
(Incorporation of different assets at the branch in

H.O. books)
Branch
Dr.
To Branch Outstanding Expenses

(Incorporation of Branch Outstanding
Expenses in H.O. books)
Question 6
Give Journal Entries in the books of Head Office to rectify or adjust the following:
(i)
Goods sent to Branch ` 12,000 stolen during transit. Branch manager refused to accept
any liability.
(ii)
Branch paid ` 15,000 as salary to the officer of Head Office on his visit to the branch.
(iii) On 28th March, 2012, the H.O. dispatched goods to the Branch invoiced at ` 25,000
which was not received by Branch till 31st March, 2012.
(iv) A remittance of ` 10,000 sent by the branch on 30th March, 2012, received by the Head
Office on 1st April, 2012.
(v) Head Office made payment of ` 25,000 for purchase of goods by Branch and wrongly
debited its own purchase account.
9.11
Advanced Accounting
Answer
In the books of Head Office
Journal Entries
Particulars
(i)
Loss of goods due to theft during transit

To Purchases account
(Being goods lost on account of theft during transit)
(ii) Salaries account
To Branch account
(Being salary paid by the branch for H.O. employee)
(iii) No entry in the books of head office for goods sent to
branch not received by branch till 31st March 2012
(iv) Cash in transit account
To Branch account
(Being remittance by branch not received by
31st March, 2012)
(v) Branch account
To Purchases account
(Being rectification of entry for payment for goods
purchased by branch wrongly debited to purchase
account)
Dr.
Dr.
Amount
Cr.
Amount
12,000
12,000
Dr.
15,000
15,000
Dr.
10,000
10,000
Dr.
25,000
25,000
Note: In entry (i), it is assumed that refusal of branch manager (to accept liability of
stolen goods) is accepted by the Head Office. Alternatively, Branch account will be
credited on the basis of assumption that refusal of branch manager is not accepted by
the Head Office.
Question 7
Show adjustment Journal entry in the books of Head Office at the end of April, 2013 for
incorporation of inter-branch transactions assuming that only Head Office maintains different
branch accounts in its books.
A.
Delhi Branch:
(1) Received goods from Mumbai ` 35,000 and ` 15,000 from Kolkata.
(2) Sent goods to Chennai ` 25,000, Kolkata ` 20,000.
(3) Bill Receivable received ` 20,000 from Chennai.
9.12
(4) Acceptances sent to Mumbai ` 25,000, Kolkata ` 10,000.

B.
Mumbai Branch (apart from the above) :

(5) Received goods from Kolkata ` 15,000, Delhi ` 20,000.
(6) Cash sent to Delhi ` 15,000, Kolkata ` 7,000.
C.
Chennai Branch (apart from the above) :

(7) Received goods from Kolkata ` 30,000.
(8) Acceptances and Cash sent to Kolkata ` 20,000 and `10,000 respectively.
D.
Kolkata Branch (apart from the above) :

(9) Sent goods to Chennai ` 35,000.
(10) Paid cash to Chennai `15,000.
(11) Acceptances sent to Chennai `15,000.
Answer
(a)
Journal entry in the books of Head Office

Date
Particulars
30th April, 2013
Dr.
Cr.
Mumbai Branch Account
Dr.
3,000
Chennai Branch Account
Dr.
70,000
To Delhi Branch Account
15,000
To Kolkata Branch Account
58,000
(Being adjustment entry passed by head office

in respect of inter-branch transactions for the
month of April, 2013)
Working Note:
Inter Branch transactions
A.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Delhi Branch
Received goods
Sent goods
Received
Bills
receivable
Sent acceptance
Delhi
`
Mumbai
`
50,000 (Dr.)
45,000 (Cr.)
20,000 (Dr.)
35,000 (Cr.)
35,000 (Cr.)
25,000 (Dr.)
Chennai
`
25,000 (Dr.)
20,000 (Cr.)
Kolkata
`
15,000 (Cr.)
20,000 (Dr.)
10,000 (Dr.)
9.13
Advanced Accounting
B.
(5)
(6)
C.
(7)
(8)
D.
(9)
(10)
(11)
Mumbai Branch
Received goods
Sent cash
Chennai Branch
Received goods
Sent cash and
acceptances
Kolkata Branch
Sent goods
Sent cash
Sent acceptances
20,000 (Cr.)
15,000 (Dr.)
__________
15,000 (Cr.)
35,000 (Dr.)
22,000 (Cr.)
_________
3,000 (Dr.)
15,000 (Cr.)
7,000 (Dr.)
30,000 (Dr.)
30,000 (Cr.)
30,000 (Cr.)
30,000 (Dr.)
35,000 (Dr.)
15,000 (Dr.)
15,000 (Dr.)
70,000 (Dr.)
35,000 (Cr.)
15,000 (Cr.)
15,000 (Cr.)
58,000 (Cr.)
Question 8
Give Journal Entries in the books of Branch A to rectify or adjust the following:
(i)
Head Office expenses ` 3,500 allocated to the Branch, but not recorded in the Branch
Books.
(ii)
Depreciation of branch assets, whose accounts are kept by the Head Office not provided
earlier for ` 1,500.
(iii) Branch paid ` 2,000 as salary to a H.O. Inspector, but the amount paid has been debited
by the Branch to Salaries account.
(iv) H.O. collected ` 10,000 directly from a customer on behalf of the Branch, but no
intimation to this effect has been received by the Branch.
(v) A remittance of ` 15,000 sent by the Branch has not yet been received by the Head
Office.
(vi) Branch A incurred advertisement expenses of ` 3,000 on behalf of Branch B.
Answer
Books of Branch A
Journal Entries
Particulars
Dr.
Cr.
Amount Amount
`
(i)
Expenses account
To Head office account
(Being the allocated expenditure by the head office recorded
in branch books)
Dr.
3,500
3,500

(ii)
Depreciation account
Dr.
9.14
1,500
To Head office account
1,500
(Being the depreciation provided)

(iii)
Head office account
Dr.
2,000
To Salaries account
2,000
(Being the rectification of salary paid on behalf of H.O.)

(iv)
Head office account
Dr.
10,000
To Debtors account
10,000
(Being the adjustment of collection from branch debtors)

(v)
No entry in branch books
(vi)
Head Office account
Dr.
3,000
To Cash account
3,000
(Being the expenditure on account of Branch B, recorded in

books)
Question 9
M/s Shah commenced business on 1.4.2012 with Head Office at Mumbai and a Branch at
Chennai. Purchases were made exclusively by the Head Office, where the goods were
processed before sale. There was no loss or wastage in processing.
Only the processed goods received from Head Office were handled by the Branch. The goods
were sent to branch at processed cost plus 10%.
All sales, whether by Head Office or by the Branch, were at uniform gross profit of 25% on
their respective cost.
Following is the Trial Balance as on 31.3.2013.
Head Office
Dr.
Cr.
Dr.
Cr.
Capital
3,10,000
Drawings
Purchases
Branch
55,000
19,69,500
Cost of processing
50,500
Sales
12,80,000
Goods sent to Branch

Administrative expenses
8,20,000
9,24,000
1,39,000
15,000
9.15
Advanced Accounting
Selling expenses
50,000
6,200
Debtors
3,09,600
1,13,600
Branch Current account
3,89,800
Creditors
6,01,400
Bank Balance
10,800
1,52,000
77,500
Head Office Current account
2,61,500
Goods received from H.O.
________
________
8,80,000
________
31,15,400
31,15,400
10,92,300
10,92,300
Following further information is provided:

(i)
Goods sent by Head Office to the Branch in March, 2013 of ` 44,000 were not received
by the Branch till 2.4.2013.
(ii)
A remittance of ` 84,300 sent by the Branch to Head Office was also similarly not
received upto 31.3.2013.
(iii) Stock taking at the Branch disclosed a shortage of ` 20,000 (at selling price to the
branch).
(iv) Cost of unprocessed goods at Head Office on 31.3.2013 was ` 1,00,000.
Prepare Trading and Profit and Loss account in columnar form and Balance Sheet of the
business as a whole as at 31.3.2013
Answer
In the Books of Shah
Trading and Profit and Loss Account for the year ended 31st March, 2013
Particulars
H.O.
Branch
`
To
Purchases
To
Cost of processing
To
Goods received
from H.O.
To
Gross profit c/d
Total
`
H.O.
`
19,69,500
19,69,500 By
50,500
50,500 By
8,80,000
3,40,000
1,64,000
________
________
________
23,60,000
10,44,000
25,22,545
15,000
Sales
By
Stock shortage
By
Goods in transit
5,02,545 By
Admn. Expenses
1,39,000
To
Selling Expenses
50,000
To
Stock shortage
1,54,000 By
6,200
56,200
16,000
14,545
Total
12,80,000
8,20,000
21,00,000
9,24,000
16,000
14,545
44,000
Closing stock:
Processed goods
To
Branch
Unprocessed goods
56,000
1,00,000
2,08,000
23,60,000 10,44,000
Gross profit b/d
3,40,000
1,64,000
2,64,000
1,00,000
25,22,545
5,02,545

To
Stock reserve
To
Net profit
22,909
9.16
22,909
1,28,091
1,26,800
2,54,891
_______
_______
_______
3,40,000
1,64,000
5,02,545
3,40,000
1,64,000
5,02,545
Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2013

Liabilities
` Assets
Capital
3,10,000
Add: Net profit
2,54,891
H.O.
3,09,600
5,64,891
Branch
1,13,600
Less: Drawings
Debtors
(55,000)
5,09,891 Closing stock:
Creditors:
H.O.
Branch
Processed goods
6,01,400
H.O.
10,800
6,12,200
Branch
56,000
2,08,000
2,64,000
Less: Stock
reserve
18,909
Unprocessed
goods
2,45,091
1,00,000
Bank Balance
H.O.
1,52,000
Branch
Goods in transit
Less: Stock
reserve
________ Cash in transit
11,22,091
77,500
44,000
4,000
40,000
84,300
11,22,091
Working Notes:
1.
Calculation of closing stock:

Stock at Head Office:
`
Cost of goods processed ` (19,69,500 + 50,500 1,00,000)
Less: Cost of goods sent to Branch
19,20,000
9.17
Advanced Accounting
9,24,000
100
110
Cost of goods sold 12,80,000
8,40,000
100
125
10,24,000
Stock of processed goods with H.O.

Stock at Branch:
18,64,000
56,000
Goods received from H.O. (at invoice price)
8,80,000
Less: Invoice value of goods sold

8,20,000
100
125
6,56,000
Invoice value of stock shortage 20,000
100
125
Stock at Branch at invoice price

Less: Stock Reserve 2,08,000
(6,72,000)
2,08,000
10
110
Stock of processed goods with Branch (at cost)
2.
16,000
(18,909)
1,89,091
Stock Reserve:
`
10
Unrealised profit on Branch stock 2,08,000
110
18,909
10
Unrealised profit on goods in transit 44,000
110
4,000
22,909
Question 10
Concept, with its Head Office at Mumbai has a branch at Nagpur. Goods are invoiced to the
Branch at cost plus 33-1/3%. The following information is given in respect of the branch for
the year ended 31st March, 2013:
`
Goods sent to Branch (Invoice price)
Stock at Branch on 1.4.2012 (Invoice price)
4,80,000
24,000

Cash sales
Return of goods by customers to the Branch
Branch expenses (paid in cash)
Branch debtors balance on 1.4.2012
Discount allowed
Bad debts
Collection from Debtors
Branch debtors cheques returned dishonoured
Stock at Branch on 31.3.2013 (Invoice price)
Branch debtors balance on 31.3.2013
9.18
1,80,000
6,000
53,500
30,000
1,000
1,500
2,70,000
5,000
48,000
36,500
Prepare, under the Stock and Debtors system, the following Ledger Accounts in the books of
the Head Office:
(i)
Nagpur Branch Stock Account
(ii)
Nagpur Branch Debtors Account
(iii) Nagpur Branch Adjustment Account.

Also compute shortage of Stock at Branch, if any.
Answer
In the books of head office
`
1.4.2012
To Balance b/d
24,000
`
31.3.13
By
Bank A/c
1,80,000
(Cash Sales)
31.3.2013
To Goods sent
to Branch A/c
To Branch
Debtors
By
Branch Debtors
(Credit Sales)
By
Stock shortage:
Branch P&L A/c 1,500*
Branch Adjustment
A/c(Loading)
500
4,80,000
6,000
By
5,10,000
Balance c/d
2,80,000
2,000
48,000
5,10,000
9.19
Advanced Accounting
Nagpur Branch Debtors Account
`
1.4.2012
To Balance b/d
31.3.2013
To Bank A/c
30,000
(dishonour of cheques)
To Branch Stock A/c
`
31.3.2013
5,000
2,80,000*
By
Bank
(Collection)
A/c
2,70,000
By Branch Stock A/c
6,000
By Bad debts
1,500
By Discount allowed
1,000
By Balance c/d
3,15,000
36,500
3,15,000
Nagpur Branch Adjustment Account

`
To Branch Stock A/c (loading of loss)
500* By Stock Reserve A/c

12,000 By Goods sent to
Branch A/c
To Stock Reserve
To Gross Profit c/d
6,000
1,20,000
1,13,500
1,26,000
To Branch Stock A/c (Cost of loss)
1,500 By Gross Profit b/d
To Branch Expenses
56,000
To Net Profit
(Transferred to General P & L A/c)
56,000
1,13,500
1,26,000
1,13,500
1,13,500
*Balancing figure.
Working Notes:
1.
Credit Sales have not been given in the problem. So, the balancing figure of Branch
Debtors Account is taken as credit sales
2.
Loading is 33 1 3 % or Cost; i.e. 25% of invoice value

Loading on opening stock = ` 24,000 25% = 6,000
3.
Loading on goods sent = ` 4,80,000 25% = `1,20,000
4.
Loading on Closing Stock = `48,000 25% = `12,000
5.
Total Branch Expenses = Cash expenses + Bad debt + Discount allowed

= ` 53,500 + ` 1,500 + ` 1,000 = ` 56,000
6.
9.20
Gross Profit
Total sales (at invoice price) - Goods returned by customers (at invoice price) x
{(` 1,80,000+ ` 2,80,000)- ` 6,000} x
33.33
100 + 33.33
33.33
= ` 1,13,500
133.33
Question 11
Red and White of Mumbai started a branch at Bangalore on 1.4.2012 to which goods were
sent at 20% above cost. The branch makes both cash sales and credit sales. Branch
expenses are met from branch cash and balance money remitted to H.O. The branch does
not maintain double entry books of account and necessary accounts relating to branch are
maintained in H.O. Following further details are given for the year ending on 31.3.2013:
`
Cost of goods sent to branch
1,00,000
Goods received by branch till 31.3.2013 at Invoice price
1,08,000
Credit sales for the year
1,16,000
Closing debtors on 31.3.2013
41,600
Bad debts written off during the year
400
Cash remitted to H.O.
86,000
Closing cash on hand at branch on 31.3.2013
4,000
Cash remitted by H.O. to branch during the year
6,000
Closing stock in hand at branch at invoice price
12,000
Expenses incurred at branch
24,000
Draw up the necessary Ledger Accounts like Branch Debtors Account, Branch Stock Account,
Goods sent to Branch Account, Branch Cash Account, Branch Expenses Account and Branch
Adjustment A/c for ascertaining gross profit and Branch Profit and Loss A/c for ascertaining
Branch profit.
Answer
Branch Debtors A/c
`
To
Branch Stock A/c
1,16,000 By Branch Cash A/c (balancing figure)

By Bad Debts (written off)
By Balance c/d
1,16,000
74,000
400
41,600
1,16,000
9.21
Advanced Accounting
Goods Sent to Branch A/c
`
To
Branch Adjustment A/c

1,00,000x
To
20,000 By
Branch Stock A/c
1,20,000
20
100
Purchases/ Trading A/c

1,00,000
1,20,000
1,20,000
Branch Cash A/c

`
To
Branch Debtors A/c
To
H.O. A/c (cash remittance)
To
Branch Stock A/c

Cash
(balancing figure)
74,000 By
Branch Expenses A/c
24,000
6,000 By
H.O. (cash remittance)
86,000
By
Balance c/d
Sales
34,000
1,14,000
To
To

A/c
(Excess
profit
over
normal
loading
balancing figure)
1,14,000
Branch Stock A/c

`
1,20,000 By Branch Debtors A/c
54,000 By
By
Branch Cash A/c (Sales)

Goods in Transit (1,20,0001,08,000)
By Balance c/d
1,74,000
Branch Expenses A/c
`
To
4,000
Branch Cash A/c
24,000 By Branch P&L A/c
`
1,16,000
34,000
12,000
12,000
1,74,000
`
24,000
`
To
To
To
Stock Reserve A/c

Goods in transit Reserve A/c
Branch P&L A/c (Balancing figure)
2,000 By Goods sent to Branch A/c

2,000 By Branch Stock A/c
70,000
74,000
`
20,000
54,000
74,000
9.22
Branch P & L A/c
`
To Branch Expenses A/c
To Bad Debts
To Net Profit (transferred to General P&L A/c)
24,000 By Branch Adjustment A/c
70,000
400
45,600
70,000
70,000
Working Notes:
1.
Loading is 20% of cost i.e. 16.67% (1/6th) of invoice value.

Loading on closing stock = 1/6th of ` 12,000 =` 2,000.
2.
Loading on goods sent to branch = 1/6th of ` 1,20,000 = ` 20,000.
3.
Loading on goods in transit = 1/6th of ` 12,000 = ` 2,000.
Question 12
Neo with headquarters at Mumbai, maintains a branch at Goa. Goods are invoiced at cost
plus 25%. In respect of Goa branch, the following information pertaining to the year ended
31st March, 2013 are made available to you:
`
Goods sent to Branch (at Invoice price)
6,75,000
Goods returned by branch during the year (at Invoice price)
24,000
Cash sales effected by branch
1,85,000
Discount allowed to customers
2,500
Amount received from branch debtors
3,25,000
Cheques of customers which got dishonoured
8,000
Branch expenses met in cash
72,500
Sales return at Goa branch
10,000
Bad debts
5,500
On 31st March, 2013
On 31st March, 2012
Branch debtors
1,05,000
50,000
Stock at branch (at Invoice price)
2,36,000
1,50,000
Adopting the Stock and debtors system, you are required to prepare the following Ledger
accounts, as appearing in the books of the Head Office:
(i)
Goa branch debtors account;
9.23
(ii)
Advanced Accounting
Goa branch adjustment account;
(iii) Goa branch profit and loss account.

Answer
In the books of Neo (Head Office)
Goa Branch Debtors Account
Date
1.4.2012
Particulars
To Balance b/d
` Date
50,000 31.3.2013
31.3.2013 To Bank
8,000
A/c
(Dishonour
of
cheques)
To Branch Stock A/c 3,90,000
(Credit sales)
By
By
By
By
By
Particulars
Bank (Collection
from debtors)
Branch
Stock
(Goods returned
by customers)
Bad debts
Discount allowed
Balance c/d
4,48,000
`
3,25,000
10,000
5,500
2,500
1,05,000
4,48,000
Goa Branch Adjustment Account

Date
31.3.2013 To
To
To
Particulars
Particulars
Particulars
` Date
`
4,800 1.4.2012 By Balance b/d 30,000
Goods sent to Goa
(Opening
Branch A/c (goods
stock reserve)
returns to H.O.)
31.3.2013 By Goods sent to 1,35,000
Branch P & L A/c (Profit
Goa Branch
on sale at invoice price)
1,13,000
A/c (Loading)
(Bal. Fig.)
Balance c/d (Closing
47,200
stock reserve)
1,65,000
1,65,000
Goa Branch Profit and Loss Account
for the year ending 31st March, 2013
Amount
Particulars
`
To
To
To
Branch Expenses A/c

Branch Debtors - Discount
Bad debts
Net Profit (Transferred to
General Profit & Loss A/c)
72,500 By
2,500
5,500
32,500
1,13,000
Amount
`
1,13,000
1,13,000
9.24
Working Note:
Goa Branch Stock Account
Date
1.4.2012
31.3.2013
Particulars
` Date
To Balance b/d
1,50,000 31.3.2013
To Goods sent to 6,75,000
Goa Branch
To Branch
10,000
Debtors
(Goods
Returned)
By
By
By
By
8,35,000
Particulars
`
Bank (Cash sales) 1,85,000
Branch Debtors 3,90,000
(Credit sales)
Goods sent to
Goa
Branch 24,000
(Goods returned
to H.O.)
Balance c/d
2,36,000
8,35,000
Question 13
Beta, having head office at Mumbai has a branch at Nagpur. The head office does wholesale trade
only at cost plus 80%. The goods are sent to branch at the wholesale price viz., cost plus 80%. The
branch at Nagpur is wholly engaged in retail trade and the goods are sold at cost to H.O. plus 100%.
Following details are furnished for the year ended 31st March, 2013:
Head Office
(`)
2,25,000
25,50,000
9,54,000
27,81,000
90,000
72,000
65,000
Opening stock (as on 1.4.2012)

Purchases
Goods sent to branch (Cost to H.O. plus 80%)
Sales
Office expenses
Selling expenses
Staff salary
Branch
(`)
9,50,000
8,500
6,300
12,000
You are required to prepare Trading and Profit and Loss Account of the head office and
branch for the year ended 31st March, 2013.
Answer
Trading and Profit and Loss A/c
For the year ended 31st March 2013
Head
Branch
office
`
To Opening stock
2,25,000
`
- By Sales
Head
office
Branch
27,81,000
9,50,000
9.25
Advanced Accounting
To Purchases
25,50,000
To Goods received from

head office
To Gross profit c/d
16,60,000
44,35,000
To Office expenses
90,000
To Selling expenses
72,000
To Staff salaries
65,000
To Branch
Stock
44,000
Reserve (W.N.3)
To Net Profit
13,89,000
16,60,000
- By Goods sent to
branch
9,54,000
By Closing stock
7,00,000
99,000
9,54,000
(W.N.1 & 2)
95,000
10,49,000
44,35,000 10,49,000
8,500 By Gross profit 16,60,000
95,000
b/d
6,300
12,000
68,200
95,000
16,60,000
95,000
Working Notes:
(1)
Calculation of closing stock of head office:
Opening Stock of head office
2,25,000
Goods purchased by head office
25,50,000
27,75,000
Less: Cost of goods sold [37,35,000 x 100/180]
(20,75,000)
7,00,000
(2)
Calculation of closing stock of branch:
Goods received from head office [At invoice value]

Less: Invoice value of goods sold [9,50,000 x 180/200]
9,54,000
(8,55,000)
99,000
(3)
Calculation of unrealized profit in branch stock:
Branch stock
` 99,000
Profit included
80% of cost
Hence, unrealized profit would be = ` 99,000 x 80/180 =
` 44,000
Question 14
Pawan, of Delhi has a branch at Jaipur. Goods are invoiced to the branch at cost plus 25%.
The branch is instructed to deposit the receipts everyday in the head office account with the
bank. All the expenses are paid through cheque by the head office except petty cash
expenses which are paid by the Branch.
9.26
From the following information, you are required to prepare Branch Account in the books of
Head office:
`
Stock at invoice price on 1.4.2012
1,64,000
Stock at invoice price on 31.3.2013
1,92,000
Debtors as on 1.4.2012
63,400
Debtors as on 31.3.2013
84,300
Furniture & fixtures as on 1.4.2012
46,800
Cash sales
8,02,600
Credit sales
7,44,200
Goods invoiced to branch by head office
12,56,000
Expenses paid by head office
2,64,000
Petty expenses paid by the branch
20,900
5,000
Furniture acquired by the branch on 1.10.2012 (payment was made by the

branch from cash sales and collection from debtors)
Depreciation to be provided on branch furniture & fixtures @ 10% p.a. on WDV basis.
Answer
In the Books of Pawan Delhi (Head Office)
Jaipur Branch Account
`
To
Opening balances:
Branch stock A/c
Branch debtors A/c
Branch furniture A/c
To
Goods sent to branch
To
Bank A/c (branch expenses)
To
Branch stock reserve A/c
To
Profit and loss A/c (Bal. Fig.)
`
By Branch stock reserve
1,64,000 By Bank A/c (W.N.4)

63,400 By Goods sent to branch A/c
(Loading)
46,800
32,800
15,00,000
2,51,200
12,56,000 By Closing Balances:

2,64,000
38,400
2,74,570
21,07,170
Branch stock A/c
1,92,000
Branch debtors A/c
84,300
Branch furniture A/c (W.N.2)
46,870
21,07,170
9.27
Advanced Accounting
Working Notes:
1.
`
4,680
250
4,930
10% p.a. on ` 46,800

10% p.a. for 6 months on ` 5,000
2.
Closing balance of branch furniture as on 31.3.2013
`
Branch furniture as on 1.4.2012
Add: Acquired during the year
46,800
5,000
51,800
(4,930)
46,870
Less: Depreciation (W.N.1)

Branch furniture as on 31.3.2013
3.
Collection from branch debtors

`
To
To
4.
Balance b/d
Sales
63,400 By
7,44,200 By
8,07,600
`
Bank A/c (Bal.Fig.)
Balance c/d
7,23,300
84,300
8,07,600
Cash remitted by the branch to head office
Cash sales + Collection from debtors Petty expenses Furniture acquired by branch
` 8,02,600 + ` 7,23,300 (W.N. 3) ` 20,900 ` 5,000 = ` 15,00,000
Question 15
Ram of Chennai has a branch at Nagpur to which office, goods are invoiced at cost plus 25%.
The branch makes sales both for cash and on credit. Branch expenses are paid direct from
Head Office and the branch has to remit all cash received into the Head Office Bank Account
at Nagpur.
From the following details, relating to the year 2013, prepare the accounts in Head Office
Ledger and ascertain Branch Profit as per stock and debtors method. Branch does not
maintain any books of accounts, but sends weekly returns to head office:
`
Goods received from head office at invoice price
1,20,000

Returns to head office at invoice price
Stock at Nagpur branch on 1.1.2013 at invoice price
Sales during the year Cash
Credit
Debtors at Nagpur branch as on 1.1.2013
Cash received from debtors
Discounts allowed to debtors
Bad debts during the year
Sales returns at Nagpur branch
Salaries and wages at branch
Rent, rates and taxes at branch
Office expenses at Nagpur branch
Stock at branch on 31.12.2013 at invoice price
9.28
2,400
12,000
40,000
72,000
14,400
64,000
1,200
800
1,600
12,000
3,600
1,200
24,000
Answer
Particulars
To
To
To
To
To
To
Balance b/d
Goods sent to
branch A/c
Branch debtors A/c
(Returns)
Branch adjustment A/c
(Surplus over invoice
price)
Amount
(`)
12,000
Particulars
By
1,20,000 By
1,600 By
By

(Returns)
Bank A/c (Cash sales)
Branch debtors A/c (credit
sales)
Balance c/d
4,800
1,38,400
Nagpur Branch Adjustment Account

Particulars
Particulars
Amount
(`)
4,800 By Stock reserve - 20% of
Stock reserve - 20% of
` 24,000 (closing stock)
` 12,000 (Opening stock)
25,920 By Goods sent to branch A/c
Branch profit & loss A/c
(Gross profit)
20% of ` 1,17,600
By Branch stock A/c
30,720
Amount
(`)
2,400
40,000
72,000
24,000
1,38,400
Amount
(`)
2,400
23,520
4,800
30,720
9.29
Advanced Accounting
Branch Profit & Loss Account
Particulars
To
To
To
To
Branch expenses A/c

Branch debtors A/c
(Discount)
Branch debtors A/c
(Bad Debts)
Net profit (transferred
to Profit & Loss A/c)
Amount
(`)
16,800
1,200
Particulars
By

(Gross Profit)
Amount
(`)
25,920
800
7,120
25,920
25,920
Branch Expenses Account

Particulars
To
To
To
Bank A/c (Rent, rates &

taxes)
Bank A/c (Salaries &
wages)
Bank
A/c
(Office
expenses)
Amount
(`)
3,600
Particulars
By
Branch profit and loss A/c

(Transfer)
Amount
(`)
16,800
12,000
1,200
16,800
Particulars
16,800
Particulars
Amount
(`)
To
Balance b/d
14,400
By
Bank A/c
To
Branch stock A/c
72,000
By
Branch profit and loss A/c

(Bad debts and discount)
2,000
By
Branch stock A/c (Sales

returns)
1,600
By
Balance c/d (bal.fig.)
86,400
Amount
(`)
64,000
18,800
86,400
Goods sent to Branch Account

Particulars
To
Branch stock A/c
Amount
(`)
2,400
Particulars
By
Branch stock A/c
Amount
(`)
1,20,000
To
To

Purchases A/c
23,520
94,080
1,20,000
9.30
1,20,000
Question 16
Following is the information of the Jammu branch of Best New Delhi for the year ending
31st March, 2013 from the following:
(1) Goods are invoiced to the branch at cost plus 20%.
(2) The sale price is cost plus 50%.
(3) Other informations:
`
Stock as on 01.04.2012 (invoice price)
2,20,000
Goods sent during the year (invoice price)
11,00,000
Sales during the year
12,00,000
Expenses incurred at the branch
45,000
Ascertain
(i)
the profit earned by the branch during the year
(ii)
branch stock reserve in respect of unrealized profit.
Answer
(i)
Calculation of profit earned by the branch
Particulars
In the books of Jammu Branch

Trading Account
Amount Particulars
`
To Opening stock
To Goods received by Head office
To Expenses
To Gross profit
2,20,000 By Sales
11,00,000 By Closing stock (Refer
W.N.)
45,000
1,95,000
15,60,000
(ii) Stock reserve in respect of unrealised profit
= ` 3,60,000 x (20/120) = ` 60,000
Amount
`
12,00,000
3,60,000
________
15,60,000
9.31
Advanced Accounting
Working Note:
Cost Price
Invoice Price
Sale Price
Calculation of closing stock at invoice price
Opening stock at invoice price
Goods received during the year at invoice price
Less : Cost of goods sold at invoice price
Closing stock
100
120
150
`
2,20,000
11,00,000
13,20,000
(9,60,000) [12,00,000 x (120/150)]
3,60,000
Question 17
XYZ is having its Branch at Kolkata. Goods are invoiced to the branch at 20% profit on sale.
Branch has been instructed to send all cash daily to head office. All expenses are paid by
head office except petty expenses which are met by the Branch Manager. From the following
particulars prepare branch account in the books of Head Office.
(`)
Stock on 1st April 2011
(`)
30,000 Discount allowed to
(invoice price)
debtors
Sundry Debtors on
1st
April, 2011
160
18,000 Expenses paid by head

office:
Cash in hand as on 1st April, 2011

Office furniture on
1st
800
April, 2011
Goods invoiced from the head office

(invoice price)
3,000
Credit sales
Salary
3,200
Stationery & Printing
800
600
2,000 Depreciation to be provided on

branch
Goods return by debtors

Cash Sales
1,800
Petty expenses paid by the

1,60,000 branch
Goods return to Head Office
Cash received from debtors
Rent
960 furniture at 10% p.a.

60,000
1,00,000 Stock on 31st March, 2012
60,000 (at invoice price)
28,000
9.32
Answer
In the books of Head Office XYZ
Kolkata Branch Account (at invoice)
`
To Balance b/d
By Stock reserve (opening)
Stock
30,000 By Remittances:
Debtors
18,000
Cash in hand
800
Furniture
Cash Sales
Cash from Debtors
1,00,000
60,000
3,000 By Goods sent to branch (loading)
To Goods sent to
6,000
1,60,000
32,000
By Goods returned by
branch
1,60,000
To Goods returned by
branch (Return to H.O.)
2,000
400 By Balance c/d
branch (loading)
To Bank (expenses
paid by H.O.)
Stock
28,000
Debtors
16,880
Cash (800-600)
Rent
1,800
Salary
3,200
Furniture (3,000-300)
200
2,700
Stationary &
printing
800
To Stock reserve (closing)
5,800
5,600
To Profit transferred to
General Profit & Loss A/c
24,180
2,47,780
2,47,780
Working Note:
Debtors Account
To Balance b/d
To Sales account (credit)
`
18,000 By Cash account
60,000 By Sales return account
By Discount allowed account
By Balance c/d
78,000
Note: It is assumed that goods returned by branch are at invoice price.
`
60,000
960
160
16,880
78,000
9.33
Advanced Accounting
FOREIGN BRANCHES
Question 18
On 31st March, 2012, the following ledger balances have been extracted from the books of
Washington branch office:
Ledger Accounts
Building
Stock as on 1.4.2011
Cash and Bank Balances
Purchases
Sales
Commission receipts
Debtors
Creditors
$
180
26
57
96
110
28
46
65
You are required to convert above Ledger balances into Indian Rupees.
Use the following rates of exchange:
` per $
Opening rate
46
Closing rate
50
Average rate
48
For fixed assets
42
Answer
Conversion of ledger balances (in Dollars) into Rupees
$
Rate per $
Amount in `
180
42
7,560
Stock as on 01.04.2011
26
46
1,196
Cash and bank balances
57
50
2,850
Purchases
96
48
4,608
110
48
5,280
Commission receipts
28
48
1,344
Debtors
46
50
2,300
Creditors
65
50
3,250
Building
Sales
9.34
Question 19
Omega has a branch at Washington. Its Trial Balance as at 30th September, 2012 is as
follows:
Plant and machinery

Furniture and fixtures
Stock, Oct. 1, 2011
Purchases
Sales
Goods from Omega (H.O.)
Wages
Carriage inward
Salaries
Rent, rates and taxes
Insurance
Trade expenses
Head Office A/c
Trade debtors
Trade creditors
Cash at bank
Cash in hand
Dr.
US $
1,20,000
8,000
56,000
2,40,000
80,000
2,000
1,000
6,000
2,000
1,000
1,000
24,000
5,000
1,000
5,47,000
Cr.
US $
4,16,000
1,14,000
17,000
5,47,000
The following further information is given :

(1) Wages outstanding $ 1,000.
(2) Depreciate Plant and Machinery and Furniture and Fixtures @ 10 % p.a.
(3) The Head Office sent goods to Branch for ` 39,40,000.
(4) The Head Office shows an amount of ` 43,00,000 due from Branch.
(5) Stock on 30th September, 2012 $ 52,000.
(6) There were no in transit items either at the start or at the end of the year.
(7) On September 1, 2010, when the fixed assets were purchased, the rate of exchange was
` 38 to one $.
On October 1, 2011, the rate was ` 39 to one $.
On September 30, 2012, the rate was ` 41 to one $.
9.35
Advanced Accounting
Average rate during the year was ` 40 to one $.
You are asked to prepare:

(a) Trial balance incorporating adjustments given under 1 to 4 above, converting dollars into
rupees.
(b) Trading and Profit and Loss Account for the year ended 30th September, 2012 and
Balance Sheet as on that date depicting the profitability and net position of the Branch as
would appear in India for the purpose of incorporating in the main Balance Sheet
.
Answer
(a)
In the books of Omega

Washington Branch Trial Balance (in Rupees)
as on 30th September, 2012
Dr.
Dr.
Cr.
rate
(` 000)
(` 000)
1,08,000
41
44,28,000
12,000
41
4,92,000
7,200
41
2,95,200
800
41
32,800
56,000
39
21,84,000
2,40,000
40
96,00,000
US $
Plant and Machinery

Depreciation on plant and
machinery
Cr. Conversion
US $
and fixtures
Stock, Oct. 1, 2011
Purchases
Sales
Goods from Omega (H.O.)
Wages
4,16,000
40
80,000
39,40,000
3,000
Outstanding wages
1,66,40,000
40
1,000
1,20,000
41
41,000
Carriage inward
1,000
40
40,000
Salaries
6,000
40
2,40,000
2,000
40
80,000
Insurance
1,000
40
40,000
Trade expenses
1,000
40
40,000
Head Office A/c

Trade debtors
1,14,000
24,000
Trade creditors
43,00,000
41
17,000
41
9,84,000
6,97,000
Cash at bank
5,000
41
2,05,000
Cash in hand
1,000
41
41,000
9.36
Exchange gain (bal. fig.)

10,84,000
5,48,000 5,48,000
(b)
2,27,62,000 2,27,62,000
Washington Branch Trading and Profit and Loss Account

for the year ended 30th September, 2012
`
21,84,000 By Sales
96,00,000 By Closing stock
39,40,000
(52,000 US $ 41)
1,20,000
40,000
28,88,000
1,87,72,000
2,40,000 By Gross profit b/d
80,000
40,000
40,000
To Opening stock
To Purchases
To Goods from Head Office
To Wages
To Carriage inward
To Gross profit c/d
To Salaries
To Rent, rates and taxes
To Insurance
To Trade expenses
To Depreciation on plant and
machinery
To Depreciation on furniture and
fixtures
To Net Profit c/d
`
1,66,40,000
21,32,000
1,87,72,000
28,88,000
4,92,000
32,800
19,63,200
28,88,000
28,88,000
Balance Sheet of Washington Branch

as on 30th September, 2012
Liabilities
` Assets
Head Office A/c
43,00,000
Plant and machinery
Add : Net profit
19,63,200 62,63,200 Less : Depreciation
Foreign currency
Translation reserve

10,84,000 Less : Depreciation
Trade creditors
6,97,000 Closing stock
49,20,000
(4,92,000) 44,28,000
3,28,000
(32,800)
2,95,200
21,32,000
9.37
Advanced Accounting
Outstanding wages
41,000 Trade debtors
9,84,000
Cash in hand
41,000
Cash at bank
2,05,000
80,85,200
80,85,200
Note:(1) Depreciation has been calculated at the given depreciation rate of 10% on
WDV basis.
(2) The above solution has been given assuming that the Washington branch is a
non-integral foreign operation of the Omega.
Question 20
The Washington branch of XYZ Mumbai sent the following trial balance as on
31st December, 2012:
$
_
_
4,800
24,000
1,200
11,200
64,000
5,000
1,10,200
Head office A/c

Sales
Debtors and creditors
Machinery
Cash at bank
Stock, 1 January, 2012
Goods from H.O.
Expenses
$
22,800
84,000
3,400
_
_
_
_
_
1,10,200
In the books of head office, the Branch A/c stood as follows:

Washington Branch A/c
`
To
To
Balance b/d
Goods sent to branch
8,10,000 By
29,26,000 By
37,36,000
Cash
Balance c/d
28,76,000
8,60,000
37,36,000
Goods are sent to the branch at cost plus 10% and the branch sells goods at invoice price
plus 25%. Machinery was acquired on 31st January, 2007, when $ 1.00 = ` 40.
Rates of exchange were:
1st January, 2012
$ 1.00
31st
$ 1.00
$ 1.00
December, 2012
Average
` 46
` 48
` 47
9.38
Machinery is depreciated @ 10% and the branch manager is entitled to a commission of 5%

on the profits of the branch.
You are required to:
(i)
Prepare the Branch Trading & Profit & Loss A/c in dollars.
(ii)
Convert the Trial Balance of branch into Indian currency and prepare Branch Trading &
Profit and Loss A/c and the Branch A/c in the books of head office.
Answer
(i)
In the Books of Head Office

Branch Trading and Profit & Loss A/c (in Dollars)
for the year ended 31st December, 2012
To
To
To
To
To
To
To
Particulars
Opening stock
Goods from H.O.
Gross profit c/d
Expenses
Depreciation
Managers
(W.N.1)
Net profit c/d
$
11,200 By
64,000 By
16,800
92,000
5,000 By
2,400
Particulars
Sales
Closing stock (W.N.2)
$
84,000
8,000
Gross profit b/d
92,000
16,800
commission
470
8,930
16,800
16,800
(ii) (a) Converted Branch Trial Balance (into Indian Currency)

Particulars
Machinery
Stock January 1, 2012
Goods from head office
Sales
Expenses
Debtors & creditors
Cash at bank
Head office A/c
Difference in exchange rate
Closing stock $ 8,000 (W.N. 2)
Rate per $
40
46
Actual
47
47
48
48
Actual
48
Dr. (`)
Cr. (`)
9,60,000
5,15,200
29,26,000
_
2,35,000
2,30,400
57,600
_
47,000
49,71,200
_
_
_
39,48,000
_
1,63,200
_
8,60,000
_
49,71,200
` 3,84,000
9.39
Advanced Accounting
(b) Branch Trading and Profit & Loss A/c for the year ended 31st December, 2012
`
To
Opening stock
To
Goods
office
To
from
5,15,200 By
By
head
29,26,000
Gross profit c/d
Sales
Closing
(W.N.2)
39,48,000
stock
3,84,000
8,90,800
43,32,000
To
Expenses
To
Depreciation @ 10%
on ` 9,60,000
96,000
To
Exchange difference
47,000
To
Managers
commission (W.N.1)
22,560
To
2,35,000 By
Net Profit c/d
43,32,000
Gross profit b/d
8,90,800
4,90,240
8,90,800
(c)
8,90,800
Branch Account
`
To
Balance b/d
8,60,000 By
Machinery
9,60,000
To
To
Net profit
Creditors
4,90,240
1,63,200
Less:
Depreciation
(96,000)
To
Outstanding
By
commission
22,560 By
By
8,64,000
Closing stock
3,84,000
Debtors
2,30,400
Cash at bank
15,36,000
57,600
15,36,000
Working Notes:
1.
Calculation of managers commission @ 5% on profit
i.e.
5% of $[16,800 (5,000 + 2,400)]
Or
5% $9,400 = $ 470
Managers commission in Rupees = $ 470 ` 48 = ` 22,560

2.
Calculation of closing stock
Opening stock
$
11,200

Add: Goods from head office
9.40
64,000
75,200
Less: Cost of goods sold (at invoice price)
i.e.
(67,200)
100
84,000
125
Closing stock
8,000
Closing stock in Rupees = $8,000 x ` 48 = ` 3,84,000.

Question 21
DM Delhi has a branch in London which is an integral foreign operation of DM. At the end of
the year 31st March, 2011, the branch furnishes the following trial balance in U.K. Pound:
Particulars
Dr.
24,000
11,200
64,000
4,800
4,800
Fixed assets (Acquired on 1st April, 2007)

Stock as on 1st April, 2010
Goods from head Office
Expenses
Debtors
Creditors
Cash at bank
Head Office Account
Purchases
Sales
Cr.
3,200
1,200
22,800
12,000
1,22,000
96,000
1,22,000
In head office books, the branch account stood as shown below:

London Branch A/c
Particulars
Amount
Particulars
Amount
To Balance B/d
20,10,000
By Bank A/c
To Goods sent to branch
49,26,000 By Balance C/d
17,20,000
69,36,000
69,36,000
The following further information are given:

(a) Fixed assets are to be depreciated @ 10% p.a. on straight line basis.
52,16,000
9.41
Advanced Accounting
(b) On 31st March, 2010 :

Expenses outstanding
Prepaid expenses
Closing stock
400
200
8,000
` 70 to 1
` 76 to 1
` 77 to 1
` 75 to 1
(c) Rate of Exchange :

1st April, 2007
1st April, 2010
31st March, 2011
Average
You are required to prepare:
(1) Trial balance, incorporating adjustments of outstanding and prepaid expenses,
converting U.K. pound into Indian rupees.
(2) Trading and profit and loss account for the year ended 31st March, 2011 and the Balance
Sheet as on that date of London branch as would appear in the books of Delhi head
office of DM..
Answer
Trial Balance of London Branch as on 31st March, 2011
Particulars
U.K.
Pound
Fixed Assets
Stock (as on 1st April, 2010)
Goods from Head Office
Sales
Purchases
Expenses (4,800 + 400 200)
Debtors
Creditors
Prepaid expenses
Cash at Bank
Head office Account
Difference in Exchange
24,000
11,200
64,000
96,000
12,000
5,000
4,800
3,200
400
200
1,200
Rate Per
U.K.
Pound
70
76
75
75
75
77
77
77
77
77
-
Dr. (`)
16,80,000
8,51,200
49,26,000
72,00,000
9,00,000
3,75,000
3,69,600
2,46,400
30,800
15,400
92,400
92,09,600
Cr. (`)
17,20,000
12,400
92,09,600
9.42
Closing stock will be (8,000 77) = ` 6,16,000

Trading and Profit & Loss A/c
Particulars
Amount
(`)
Particulars
To
Opening Stock
8,51,200
By
Sales
To
Purchases
9,00,000
By
Closing Stock
To
Goods from H.O.
49,26,000
To
Gross Profit
11,38,800
Amount
(`)
72,00,000
6,16,000
78,16,000
78,16,000
To
Expenses
3,75,000
By
Gross Profit
11,38,800
To
Depreciation
1,68,000
By
Profit due to Exchange
To
Net Profit
6,08,200
difference
12,400
11,51,200
11,51,200
Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2011

Liabilities
` Assets
Head office
Balance
Add: Net Profit
Outstanding
expenses
Creditors
Fixed Assets
17,20,000
16,80,000
Less: Depreciation (1,68,000) 15,12,000
6,08,200 23,28,200 Debtors

30,800 Cash
at
Prepaid
2,46,400 expenses
Closing stock
26,05,400
3,69,600
bank
92,400
15,400
6,16,000
26,05,400
Working Note:
Since London Branch is an integral foreign operation. Hence,

(1) Fixed assets (cost and depreciation) are translated using the exchange rate at the date
of purchase of the assets.
(2) Exchange difference arising on translation of the financial statement is charged to Profit
and Loss Account.
9.43
Advanced Accounting
Question 22
Moon Star has a branch at Verginia (USA). The Branch is a non-integral foreign operation of
the Moon Star. The trial balance of the Branch as at 31st March, 2012 is as follows:
US $
Particulars
Dr.
Cr.
Office equipments
48,000
Furniture and Fixtures
3,200
Stock (April 1, 2011)
22,400
Purchases
96,000
Sales
--1,66,400
Goods sent from H.O
32,000
Salaries
3,200
Carriage inward
400
Rent, Rates & Taxes
800
Insurance
400
Trade Expenses
400
Head Office Account
--45,600
Sundry Debtors
9,600
Sundry Creditors
--6,800
Cash at Bank
2,000
Cash in Hand
400
2,18,800
2,18,800
The following further informations are given:
(1) Salaries outstanding $ 400.
(2) Depreciate office equipment and furniture & fixtures @10% p.a. at written down value.
(3) The Head Office sent goods to Branch for `15,80,000
(4) The Head Office shows an amount of ` 20,50,000 due from Branch.
(5) Stock on 31st March, 2012 -$21,500.
(6) There were no transit items either at the start or at the end of the year.
(7) On April 1, 2010 when the fixed assets were purchased the rate of exchange was
` 43 to one $. On April 1, 2011, the rate was 47 per $. On March 31, 2012 the rate was
` 50 per $. Average rate during the year was ` 45 to one $.
Prepare:
(a) Trial balance incorporating adjustments given converting dollars into rupees.
9.44
(b) Trading, Profit and Loss Account for the year ended 31st March, 2012 and Balance Sheet
as on date depicting the profitability and net position of the Branch as would appear in the
books of Moon Star for the purpose of incorporating in the main Balance Sheet.
Answer
In the books of Moon Star
Trial Balance (in Rupees) of Verginia (USA) Branch
as on 31st March, 2012
Dr.
Cr. Conversion
Dr.
Cr.
US $
US $
rate
`
`
Office Equipment
43,200
50 21,60,000
Depreciation on Office Equipment
4,800
50
2,40,000
2,880
50
1,44,000
Depreciation on furniture and fixtures
320
50
16,000
st
Stock (1 April, 2011)
22,400
47 10,52,800
Purchases
96,000
45 43,20,000
Sales
1,66,400
45
74,88,000
Goods sent from H.O.
32,000
15,80,000
Carriage inward
400
45
18,000
Salaries (3,200+400)
3,600
45
1,62,000
Outstanding salaries
400
50
20,000
800
45
36,000
Insurance
400
45
18,000
Trade expenses
400
45
18,000
Head Office A/c
45,600
20,50,000
Trade debtors
9,600
50
4,80,000
Trade creditors
6,800
50
3,40,000
Cash at bank
2,000
50
1,00,000
Cash in hand
400
50
20,000
Exchange gain (bal. fig.)
4,66,800
2,19,200 2,19,200
1,03,64,800 1,03,64,800
(b)
Trading and Profit and Loss Account of Verginia Branch

`
To Opening stock
10,52,800 By Sales
To Purchases
43,20,000 By Closing stock
To Goods from Head Office
15,80,000 (21,500 US $ 50)
To Carriage inward
18,000
`
74,88,000
10,75,000
9.45
Advanced Accounting
To Gross profit c/d
15,92,200
85,63,000
1,62,000 By Gross profit b/d
36,000
18,000
18,000
2,40,000
To Salaries
To Rent, rates and taxes
To Insurance
To Trade expenses
To
Depreciation
on
office
equipment
To Depreciation on furniture and
fixtures
To Net Profit c/d
85,63,000
15,92,200
16,000
11,02,200
15,92,200
Balance Sheet of Verginia Branch
as on 31st March, 2012
Liabilities
` Assets
Head Office A/c
20,50,000
Add : Net profit
11,02,200
15,92,200
Office Equipment
24,00,000
(2,40,000)
Foreign Currency Translation

Reserve
4,66,800 Furniture
fixtures
and
1,60,000
Trade creditors
(16,000)
Outstanding salaries
`
21,60,000
1,44,000
20,000 Closing stock
10,75,000
Trade debtors
4,80,000
Cash in hand
20,000
Cash at bank
1,00,000
39,79,000
39,79,000
EXERCISES
1.
S & M Ltd., Bombay, have a branch in Sydney, Australia. At the end of 31st March, 2011, the following
ledger balances have been extracted from the books of the Bombay Office and the Sydney Office :
Bombay
Sydney
(Austr dollars thousands)
(` thousands)
Debit
Credit
Debit
Credit
Share Capital
2,000
Reserves & Surplus
1,000
Land
Buildings (Cost)
500
1,000

Buildings Dep. Reserve
9.46
200
2,500
200
600
130
Debtors / Creditors
280
200
60
30
Stock (1.4.2010)
100
20
Plant & Machinery (Cost)

Plant & Machinery Dep. Reserve
Branch Stock Reserve

Cash & Bank Balances
Purchases / Sales
10
10
240
520
20
123
100
Managing Directors salary
30
Wages & Salaries
75
45
12
25
18
Rent
Office Expenses
Commission Receipts
Branch / H.O. Current A/c
256
100
120
4,880
4,880
390
390
The following information is also available :

(1)
Stock as at 31.3.2011 :
Bombay ` 1,50,000
Sydney A $ 3,125
(2)
Head Office always sent goods to the Branch at cost plus 25%.
(3)
Provision is to be made for doubtful debts at 5%.
(4)
Depreciation is to be provided on buildings at 10% and on plant and machinery at 20% on written
down values.
(5)
The Managing Director is entitled to 2% commission on net profits.
(6)
Incometax is to be provided at 47.5%.
You are required :

(a)
To convert the Branch Trial Balance into rupees;

(use the following rates of exchange :
Opening rate
A $ = ` 20
Closing rate
A $ = ` 24
Average rate
A $ = ` 22
For Fixed Assets A $ = ` 18).
9.47
Advanced Accounting
(b)
To prepare the Trading and Profit & Loss Account for the year ended 31st March, 2011 showing to
the extent possible H.O. results and Branch results separately. (Balance Sheet not required.)
(Hints: Exchange loss (balancing figure) in Sydney Branch Trial Balance ` 2,16,000; Net profit as per
profit and loss account ` 9,88,000)
2.
Head Office passes adjustment entry at the end of each month to adjust the position arising out of inter
branch transactions during the month. From the following interbranch transactions in January, 2011, make
the entry in the books of Head Office :
(a)
(b)
(c)
Bombay Branch
(1)
Received Goods : ` 6,000 from Calcutta Branch, ` 4,000 from Patna Branch.
(2)
Sent Goods to ` 10,000 to Patna, ` 8,000 to Calcutta.
(3)
Received B/R : ` 6,000 from Patna.
(4)
Sent Acceptance : ` 4,000 to Calcutta, ` 2,000 to Patna.
Madras Branch (Apart from the above)

(5)
Received Goods : ` 10,000 from Calcutta, ` 4,000 from Bombay.
(6)
Cash Sent : ` 2,000 to Calcutta, ` 6,000 to Bombay.
Calcutta Branch (Apart from the above)

(7)
Sent Goods to Patna : ` 6,000.
(8)
Paid B/P : ` 4,000 to Patna, ` 4,000 cash to Patna.
(Hints: Madras Branch and Patna Branch debited by ` 6,000 and ` 16,000 respectively. Bombay branch
and Calcutta Branch credited by ` 6,000 and ` 16,000 respectively.)
3.
T of Calcutta has a branch at Dibrugarh. The branch does not maintain separate books of accounts. The
branch has the following assets and liabilities on 31st August, 2010 and 30th September, 2010 :
31st August, 2010
30th September, 2010
Stock of tea
1,80,000
1,50,000
Advance to suppliers
5,00,000
4,50,000
Bank Balance
75,000
1,00,000
Prepaid expenses
10,000
12,000
Outstanding expenses
13,000
11,000
3,00,000
to be ascertained
Creditors for purchases

During the month, Dibrugarh branch :
(a)
received by electronic mail transfer ` 10,00,000 from Calcutta head office;

(b)
purchased tea worth ` 12,00,000;
(c)
sent tea costing ` 12,30,000 to Calcutta, freight of ` 80,000 being payable at the destination by the receiver;
(d)
spent ` 25,000 on office expenses;
(e)
paid ` 3,00,000 as advance to suppliers;
(f)
paid ` 6,50,000 to suppliers in settlement of outstanding dues.
9.48
In addition, T informs you that the Calcutta office had directly paid ` 3,50,000 to Dibrugarh suppliers by
cheques drawn on bank accounts in Calcutta during the month. T informs you that for the purpose of
accounting, Dibrugarh branch is not treated as an outsider. He wants you to write the detailed accounts
relating to the transactions of the Dibrugarh branch as would appear in the books of Calcutta Head Office.
(Hints: Balances in Dibrugarh Tea Stock Account ` 1,50,000; Advance to Suppliers Account
` 4,50,000;Suppliers Account ` 1,50,000; bank account ` 1,00,000; Expenses Account ` 21,000;)

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9

Accounting for Branches Including

Based on accounting point of view, branches may be classified as follows:

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

Accounting for Branches Including Foreign Branch Accounts

Branch profit and loss account

Types of Foreign branches :

Non-Integral Foreign Operation -translation

Integral Foreign Operation (IFO) - translation

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

To Head Office account

(Being goods sent by head office is still in transit)

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

Accounting for Branches Including Foreign Branch Accounts

Goods sent to branch A/c

To Goods sent to branch A/c

Goods sent to branch A/c

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

Bank A/c (Remittance from

Invoice price and cost

So, invoice price

Invoice price of closing stock in branch

1,080 By Goods sent to branch

To Goods sent to branch

13,200 By Branch Cash

102 By Branch debtors

Closing balance of branch debtors

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

Accounting for Branches Including Foreign Branch Accounts

Closing balance of furniture and fittings

500 By Depreciation (80+4)

100 By Balance c/d

Remittance by branch to head office

9,700 By Remittances to H.O.

2,842 By Balance b/d

Furniture and Equipment

Telephone, Postage and Stationery

Sundry Office Expenses

Stock on 1st April, 2012

Goods Received from Head Office

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

Goods Returned to Head Office

Prepare Final Accounts of the Branch including Balance Sheet, and

Goods in Transit A/c

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

Accounting for Branches Including Foreign Branch Accounts

Trading and Profit & Loss Account of the Branch

To Goods received from

To Gross Profit c/d

25 By Gross Profit b/d

To Telephone, Postage & Stationery

To Sundry Office Expenses

To Head Office Expenses

To Net Profit Transferred to

Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2013

Furniture & Equipment

Add : Goods in transit