Att594 0 PFD P ID

PFD-P&ID !
"#%& ')$* PFD-P&ID training course

Mohammad Behzadi 4*5627 +89% : '+,,. /023
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PFD-P&ID course Piping course

Produced by:Mohammad Behzadi ()*+&, !-./ : !""# $%&' 1387 )*)01
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Standards
Why do we apply standards?
Work Uniformity Increase of safety Improvement in qualification of design and op
erating condition Decrease of design and selection of material
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Standards
API
American Petroleum Institute
ASME
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ANSI
American National Standard Institute
ASTM
American Society for Testing and Material
ISA
Instrumentation System and Automation Society
NACE
National Association of Corrosion Engineers
8
Standards
NFPA
National Fire Protection Association
TEMA
Tubular Exchanger Manufactures Association
DIN
Deutshes Institute fur Normung
BSI
British Standards Institution
ISO
International Organization for Standardization
AWWA
American Water Works Association
9
Standards
IPS
Iranian Petroleum Standard
IGS
IRANIAN GAS STANDARDS
NPCS
National Petrochemical Company Standard
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API
API-RP-520: Sizing, Selection, and Installation Of Pressure-Relieving Devices in
Refinery API-RP-521: Guide For Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring System API-R
P-14E: Recommend Practice for Design and Installation of Offshore Production Pla
tform Piping System API-STD-2000: Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage T
anks API-STD-530: Calculation of Heat-Tube Thickness in Petroleum
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IPS
IPS-E-PR-308: Engineering Standard For Process Numbering System IPS-E-PR-750: En
gineering Standard For Process Compressor IPS-E-PR-330: Engineering Standard For
Process Compressor Air System IPS-E-PR-440: Engineering Standard For Process Sy
stem IPS-E-PR-700: Engineering Standard For Process Design of Crude Oil Electros
tatic Desalter Design for Design of Design of Design of Piping Design for Proces
s
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NFPA
NFPA 20: Standard for the Installation of Centrifugal Fire Pump NFPA 15: Standar
d for Water Spray Fixed System for Fire Protection NFPA 11: Foam Extinguishing S
ystem NFPA 12: Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing System NFPA 13: Standard
for the Installation of Sprinkler System NFPA 72E: Automatic Fire Detector
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DESIGN CODES, STANDARDS & REFERENCES
API Spec 12J Specification for Oil and Gas Separator IPS E PR 880 Engineering St
andard for Process of Gas (Vapor) Liquid Separators IPS E PR 850 Engineering Sta
ndard for Process Requirements of Vessels, Reactors and Separators API RP 520 Si
zing, Selection and Installation of Pressure-Relieving Devices in Refineries (PS
V) API RP 521 Guide for Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring Systems (PSV) API ST
D 2000 Venting Atmosphere and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks NonRefrigerated and Ref
rigerated IPS E PR 460 Engineering Standard for Process Design of Flare and Blow
-down Systems IPS E SF 860 Engineering Standard for Air Pollution Control
IPS E PR 230
Piping & Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs
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API API API API API STD STD STD STD STD 610 674 675 676 681 Centrifugal Pumps fo
r General Refinery Services Positive Displacement Pumps-Reciprocating Positive D
isplacement Pumps-Controlled Volume Positive Displacement Pumps-Rotary Liquid Ri
ng Vacuum Pumps and Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas Industry Service
s Natural Gas Processing Plant Practices for Petroleum of the Environment Onshor
e Oil and Gas Production Practices for Petroleum of the Environment Process Meas
urement Instrumentation
API RP 50 API RP 51 API RP 551
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API RP 14E API Spec 5L NACE RP 0169 NACE RP 0175 NACE MR 0175 ) Recommended Prac
tice for Design and Installation of Offshore Production Platform Piping Systems
Specification for Line Pipe Recommended Practice-Control of External Corrosion o
n Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems Recommended Practice-Control
of Internal Corrosion in Steel Pipelines and Piping Systems Material Requirement
-Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistant Metallic Material for Oil Field Equipment
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EPCC
Engineering Procurement Construction Commissioning
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ENGINEERING DISCIPLINES 06!"&/ (1&"%78%9:)

!Process !HSE(Health,Safety,Environment) !Piping !Instrument !Mechanic
" A .Fixed Equipments -Vessel -Tank -Tower -Exchanger - # B. Rotary Machineries Pump -Compressor -Mixer -Air Cooler
!Civil-Structure-Architecture !Electrical
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ENGINEERING COMPANY ;#<= >: 07# (1&"%78%9:)

Management Procurement Projects
Estimating
Proposals Budget-&-Control Accounting Construction Supervision Engineering HR-Co
mmunication Information Technology Support-Services
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DE@* F1.3 E* PFD ?@*!/ A*BC*

First Issue (FI): Release for proposal (Conclusion of estimate, study) -Main equ
ipment (Tagged) -Main Process Lines -Battery Limit -Main control concept (contro
l & switch) -Package unit Limits Issued For Information (IFI) : it is not used i
n constuction Issued For Comment (IFC): between client and contractor and after
that will be issued to owner(some kind of internal issue!!) Issued For Approval
(IFA): Release for Basic Engineering In addition to contents 1. -Important valve
( isolation, manual control) -Essential process shutdown circuits -Important st
art up lines -Definition of heat exchanger type
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DE@* F1.3 E* PFD ?@*!/ A*BC*

Issued For Design (IFD): Release for Basic Engineering Development (Conclusion o
f verification Phase and Basic Eng.) -Content as 1. & 2. however adjusted to the
contract conditions Approved For Design (AFD): Release for Detail Engineering (
End of Basic Eng.) -Crosscheck with P&ID, release detail engineering
24
DE@* F1.3 E* PFD ?@*!/ A*BC*

Approved For Construction (AFC): Release for Construction phase (End of Detail E
ng) -Final issue of PFD in Detail phase As Built (ASB): End of construction -Inc
ludes all of the changes in commissioning and construction phase Issued For Cons
truction (IFC): Release for Detail Engineering Development -Crosscheck with P&ID
, release for purchase of bulk material
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Design factor (!O@) 10 0,) (*<, RS/)0"-:*
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T6H<U V%' (1WK*

XH<U <:!/PM(Project manager) 06!"&/ !L*H <:!/PEM(Project Enginnering manager) Pr
ocess team members
Process Dept.Manager
!=@* Y1"=@1# Process Senior Engineer

Y1"=@1#Process Engineer

Z# $[\C Process Senior Draftsman
Process Draftsman
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PROCESS DEPARTMENT ACTIVITIES

Process Department s Activities in the following engineering stages: 1. Feasibil
ity Study (FS) 2. Proposal Preparation (PP) 3. Basic Engineering (BE) 4. Detail
Engineering (DE)
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PFD, DEFINITION, PREPARATION SEQUENCE. ACCORDING TO IPS-E-PR-170

Feasibility FeasibilityStudy Study Process ProcessDesign DesignBasis Basis Conce
ptual ConceptualDesign Design
Simplified SimplifiedFlow-Sheet Flow-Sheet
Steady SteadyState State Process Simulation(HYSYS-ASPEN-CHEMCAD-PROII) Process S
imulation(HYSYS-ASPEN-CHEMCAD-PROII)
PFD PFD Heat Heat& &Material MaterialBalance(H&M) Balance(H&M)
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BFD Simulation PFD UFD Process Description Heat & Material Balance(H&M) P&ID Pro
cess Design Criteria Utility Consumption Chemical Consumptions Line List (For Pi
ping Discipline) Instrument PROCESS Data Sheet (For Instrument Discipline) Equip
ment PROCESS Data Sheet (For mechanic Discipline) Process Data Sheet For Piping
Special Item (For Piping Discipline)
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BFD A BFD is a simple breakdown of a process into blocks or units of operations

which represent major parts of of the process being depicted. PFD A PFD is a det
ailed breakdown of a process into symbols which represent all major equipment an
d pipelines which are part of a process as defined by the BFD. A PFD consists of
the following: Diagram Drawing Numbered Pipelines which indicate Flow Condition
s Major Control Loops
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Coal carbonization block flowsheet. flowsheet. Quantities(MASS BALANCE) are in l
b/hr
BFD
(BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM)
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BFD
Contract Technical
Proposal Preliminary Eng. Study
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1. DOCUMENTED ACTIVITIES 2. NON-DOCUMENTED ACTIVITIES
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PROCESS DEPARTMENT ACTIVITIES BASIC & DETAILED ENGINEERING

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PROCESS DEPARTMENT ACTIVITIES DETAILED ENGINEERING

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37

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Flowsheets
Basic Design(BDP:BASIC DESIGN PACKAGE) Detailed Design .com g o l b Basic Design
BFD PFD P&ID UFD UHD UDFD
w ts blas m . ww ihan m . r avio
(BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM) (PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM)
(UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAM) (UTILITY HEADER DIAGRAM) (UTILITY DISTRIBUTION FLOW DIGRA
M)
(Piping & INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM)
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1&"%78%9:) <:16 1, PFD ?@!/ ]1^'@*

Instrument Process Conditions
Process Power Consumer List
Control & Instrument Engineering.
Control Philosophy,
Electrical Eng.
Hazard Source List Process Load List
Major Process Equipment Material Selection mechanical Eng.
PFD
Heat & Material Balance(H&M)
Feed, Prod, Cond., Cap., Spec.
Control, Equip. Seq., Piping, I/O, B.L., etc.
(P&ID) Package Unit Specification MR(Material Requisition)
Major Process Equipment Sizing Data/Spec. Sheets
Piping Engineering
Equip. Type, No., Process Sequence
Service, Composition, Condition
Process Engineering
Plot Plan
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Material Selection
SYMBOL AND LEGEND(SYMBOLOGY)

PFD
DEFINITION ALL EQUIPMENTS H&M
P&ID
VALVE LINE ALL EQUIPMENTS PROCESS CONTROL PARAMETER ADVANCE CONTROL SYSTEM
Scale PFDs should not be drafted to scale. However, their size should be compati
ble with that of equipment drawings. Flow Direction As a rule, PFDs should be dr
awn from the left to the right in accordance with process flows. Size 41 The siz
e of PFD should normally be A1 (594 mm _ 841 mm).
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PFD4- -:;:$ <&$.=>.

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Minimum Information Requirements For Equipments I*+%&`' (*<, aEb I1KRM* Qc*!L

PFD4- -:;:$ <&$.=>.
1. Designated streams a) Stream numbers should be serially denoted by Decimal nu
mbers. b) Fluid name. www.mblastsavior.mihanblog.com c) Total flow rate. d) Dens
ity and/or molecular mass (weight) if required. e) Operating pressure and temper
ature if required.
45

PFD4- -:;:$ <&$.=>.
2. Heat exchangers a) Identification number and service name. b) Operating heat
duty. c) Inlet and outlet temperatures on both shell and tube sides. 3. Furnaces
a) Identification number and service name. b) Operating absorbed heat duty. c)
Inlet and outlet operating temperatures on tube side.

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I*+%&`' (*<, aEb I1KRM* Qc*!L

Minimum Information Requirements For Equipments
m 4. Reactors co . og l b a) Identification number and service name. an h b) Inl
et and outlet operation temperature. r.mi vio a c) Inlet and/or outlet pressure.
s t
PFD4- -:;:$ <&$.=>.

5. Columns w a) Identification number and service name. b) Tray numbers, operati
ng temperature and pressure for top and bottom trays and also for special trays
such as feed and draw-off, etc. c) Trays shall be numbered from bottom to top.
. w w
m
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PFD4- -:;:$ <&$.=>.
m 6. Drums co . g a) Identification number and service name.nblo iha b) Operatin
g temperature. r.m o i av c) Operating pressure. s t s

7. Pumps a) Identification number and service name. b) Normal operating capacity
and differential pressure.
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PFD4- -:;:$ <&$.=>. KIND OF LINES1&Cd )@*!C1G6* (1&G/1.e H ]B4f A*BC*

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PFD4- -:;:$ <&$.=>. LINE CROSSOVER5M1\' ]1\C H ]B4f @gh

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(?:+@$) PFD/A,- BC,5D E.:6.

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Example
4:R S0 .4 FT P&ID 2PFD 5)@J G74 U$&J VIO &0 W7.4 S0 KX Q.) (!!F4&YN AutoCAD &0 G
)7/N
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UFD-UHD$%&' (*<, aEb ?@*!/ Project design criteria PFD P&ID Plot Plan symbology
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UTILITY FLOWSHEETS
UFD (UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAM) UHD (UTILITY HEADER DIAGRAM) UDFD (UTILITY DISTRIBUTI
ON FLOW DIGRAM)
These are UFD diagrams(LIKE P&ID) for individual utilities such as steam condens
ate (HPS,MPS,LPS) cooling water(CWS,CWR,RWA,DWA(demin water)) NIT(NITROGEN) iner
t blanketing gases or purging or catalyst regeneration,
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P&ID
Instrument
P&ID
A P&ID is a document which is developed and used by Engineers,Technicians, Techn
ologists, Maintenance and Operations personnel to define a manufacturing system.
It's intent is to communicate in detail the controls, instruments, piping, and
equipment used to implement that system.
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P&ID
A P&ID consists of the following: Diagram Drawing Equipment List information Pip
ing Equipment List information Pipeline List Information Instrument List informa
tion (both local and DCS I PLC) Notes and Details Line slope and Flow direction
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P&ID Symbols:
P&ID ! P&ID " P&ID Up) # P&ID Equipment Symbols General Symbols Instrument Symbo
ls (Typical HookInstrument Symbols (Valve Symbol)
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P&ID Symbols from Aspen-Icarus

ENGINEERING FLOWSHEET OR ENGINEERING LINE DIAGRAM
BS1646
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P&ID Symbols from Aspen-Icarus manual

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P&ID Symbols from Aspen-Icarus manual

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P&ID Samples from walas book

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P&ID, VALVES, CONTROL VALVE. IPS-E-PR-230, IPS-E-PR-830

LIMIT SWITCH LIMIT SWITCH POSITIONER POSITIONER BLOCK BLOCK VALVE VALVE BLOCK BL
OCK VALVE VALVE
x6, 150#
BLEEDVALV BLEEDVALV EE
76
76
BLEED VALVE BLEED VALVE
FAIL CLOSED
MOST OF PROCESS CONTROL VALVES STEAM, FUEL GAS SUPPLY BY PASS LINE SIZE: API RP
550
NC
FAIL OPENED
NORMALLY COOLING WATER, INSTRUMENT AIR SUPPLY CLOSED
PUMP MINIMUM FLOW COMPRESSOR SPILL BACK PROCESS FLOW TO FIRED HEATER 130
Fail Open / Closed (Control Valve): The safe position of a valve which will shif
t to upon loss of the power medium. Normal Position (Valve): The position of a v
alve in Normal Condition of the process (N.O. , N.C.)
131

Plant Shutdown: The shutting in of all process stations of a Plant Production pr
ocess and all support equipment for the process. Process Shutdown: The isolation
of a given process station from the process by closing appropriate SDVs to shut
-in flow to the process station or divert flow to another process station. Shutd
own Valve (SDV): An automatically operated Normally Closed valve used for isolat
ing a process station. Emergency Shutdown System (ESD): A system of stations whi
ch when activated initiate plant shutdown.
132
Pressure Safety Valve (PSV): A pressure relief device designed to open and relie
ve excess pressure and to reclose and prevent the further flow of fluid after no
rmal conditions have been restored. ! Depressurization: When metal exposed to fi
re on one side with vapor on the other side, the metal temp. may reach a level a
t which metal rupture due to stress may occur, even though the pressure does not
exceed the allowable overpressure. An emergency depressurization (blow down) sy
stem is provided to avoid such an occurrence.
133
P&ID Symbols from walas

]/"@J !"#$ %&Pi24 Q. B>&~$
b an lo co g. m
w
. ww
m
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s
v tsa
io
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137
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(1&-G:d Z:1-C (*<, .!C<%h @*<c < C !/ < C )@B/ r1:<G/ Z:1-C ;%J%# H |BeH H !"=1
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138
IPS
d#0 PFD !P&ID
139
These preparation stages describe the following three main phases which can be d
istinguished in every project & include, but not be limited to: Phase I: Basic D
esign Stages (containing seven Standards) Phase II: Detailed Design, Engineering
and Procurement Stages (containing two Standards) Phase III: Start-Up Sequence
and General Commissioning Procedures (containing two Standards)
Process Flow Diagram
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140
d#0 (,. %./0 IPS x0&@$ Phase I: Basic Design Stages (containing 7 Standards)
STANDARD CODE STANDARD TITLE I) Manuals of Phase I (Numbers 1 - 7) IPS-E-PR-150
"Basic Design Package" IPS-E-PR-170 "Process Flow Diagram" IPS-E-PR-190 "Layout
and Spacing" IPS-E-PR-200 "Basic Engineering Design Data" IPS-E-PR-230 "Piping &
Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs)" IPS-E-PR-250 "Performance Guarantee" IPS-E-PR
-308 "Numbering System"
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d#0 (,. %./0 IPS x0&@$

Phase II: Detailed Design, Engineering and Procurement Stages (containing 2 Stan
dards)
I) Manuals of Phase II (Numbers 8&9) IPS-E-PR-260 "Detailed Design, Engineering
and Procurement" IPS-E-PR-300 "Plant Technical and Equipment Manuals (Engineerin
g Dossiers)8
Phase III: Start-Up Sequence and General Commissioning Procedures (containing tw
o Standards)
III) Manuals of Phase III (Numbers10&11) IPS-E-PR-280 "Start-Up Sequence and Gen
eral Commissioning Procedures" "Plant Operating Manuals" IPS-E-PR-290
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142
d#0 (,. %./0 IPS 15'

Scope
This Standard is also intended to establish uniform symbols for equipment, pipin
g and instrumentation on P&IDs and UDFDs throughout the Oil, Gas and Petrochemic
al (OGP) projects.
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143
d#0 (,. %./0 IPS ,4&3N Nomenclature or Terminology Flowsheets

the Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs) Utility Distribution Flow Diagra
ms (UDFDs,UHD,UFD) Process flow diagram(PFD)
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144
REFERENCES
ASME (AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS) ASME Code. ANSI (AMERICAN NATION
AL STANDARD INSTITUTE) ANSI B 16.1 "Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings,
Class 25, 125, 250 and 800" 1st. Ed., 1989 IPS (IRANIAN PETROLEUM STANDARDS) "B
asic Engineering Design Data" IPS-E-PR-200 IPS-E-PR-308 "Numbering System" IPS-E
-PR-725 "Process Design of Plant Waste Sewer Systems" IPS-G-IN-160 "Control Valv
es" IPS-D-AR-010 "Abbreviations & Symbols for HVAC&R Drawings" IPS-D-AR-011 "Gen
eral Notes for HVAC & R System"
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145
REFERENCES
ISA (INSTRUMENT SOCIETY OF AMERICA) ISA-S5.1 "Instrumentation Symbols and Identi
fication" 1st. Ed., 1984 ISA-S5.2 "Binary Logic Diagrams for Process Operations"
2nd. Ed., 1981 ( Reaffirmed 1992 ) ISA-S5.3 "Graphic symbols for distributed co
ntrol / shared display instrumentation, logic and computer systems 8Ed.,1983 ISA
-S5.4 "Instrument Loop Diagrams" Ed., 1991 ISA-S5.5 "Graphic Symbols for Process
Displays" 1st. Ed., 1985 ISA-S18.1 "Annunciator Sequences and Specifications" 1
st. Ed., 1979 (Reaffirmed 1992) ISA-S50.1 "Compatibility of analogue signals for
electronic industrial process instruments6 1st. Ed., 1975 ( Reaffirmed 1995) IS
A-S51.1 "Process Instrumentation Terminology" 1st. Ed., 1979
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146
REFERENCES
ISO (INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION) ISO 3098: Part 1 "Technical
Drawings-Lettering, Part 1: Currently Used Characters" 1st. Ed. 1974 ISO 3511:
Part 1 & Part 4 "Process measurement control functions and instrumentation-symbo
lic representation-Part 1: Basic requirements, 1st.Ed. 1977;Part 4: Basic symbol
s for process computer, Interface, and shared display/control functions" Ed. 198
5 1st. Ed., 1984 ISO 6708 "Pipe component definition of nominal size" Ed., 1995.
API (AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE) API Standard 602 "Compact steel gate valvesflanged, threaded, welding and extended body ends 8nine Ed., 1995 GPSA (Gas Proc
ess System Analysis)
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147
<&O}b_. TERMINOLOGY:
Company or Employer/Owner :
affiliated companies of the Iranian ministry of www.mblastsavior.mihanblog.com p
etroleum :
National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) National Iranian Gas Company (NIGC) National
Petrochemical Company (NPC)
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148
SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

IMORTANTS AND COMMONS IN RED ))<h !JL 1N+/<c
149
Drain / Sewer Symbols

AMN AY CAU CDB CSW CY DC DWW NSW OPD OSW SSW SWA TY Y Amine Drains (MEA,MDEA) Am
ine Drain Funnel (MEA,MDEA) Caustic Sewer(NAOH) Concrete Drain Box Chemical Sewe
r Chemical Drain Pit Drain Connection Desalter Waste Water Non Oily Water Sewer
Open Drain Oily Water Sewer Sanitary Water Sewer Stripped Sour Water Toxic Drain
Funnel Drain Funnel (General)
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
150
Letters at Individual Valves Designations

B
BV
CAO CC CO
CHV
D
FB FC FO
FD
Monel Valve (grease sealed seat and packing) Ball Valve m Close-Automatic-Open c
o . log b Cable Control n iha Chain Operated r.m o i av s t Check Valve s bla Dr
ain .m w ww Full Bore Fail Close (closes on minimum signal to valve actuator) Fa
il Open (opens on minimum signal to valve actuator) Flex Disc Valve (Diapheragm
Valve)
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%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
151
Letters at Individual Valves Designations

MOV NC NO
NV OV PIVA PSE
PSV
P SR SSV T V WP(J) XCV
Motorized Valve(motor operated valve) Normally Closed(like by-pass valve for con
trol valves) Normally Open Needle Valve (Plug valve) Operating Valve Post Indica
tor Valve(if it is Closed or open) Rupture Disk Assembly (Pressure Safety Equipm
ent) Pressure Safety Relief Valve Plugged Split Range Stainless Steel Valve Trap
Vent Jacketed Plug Valve Steam Trap with Integral Strainer
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
152
Piping Abbreviations
CS DN FF FS LJ MI PN RF RS SF SB SO SS ST(H) SW WN Carbon Steel Diameter Nominal
Flat Face Forged Steel Lap Joint Mallable Iron Pressure Nominal Raised Face Rem
ovable Spool Socket Weld Line Blind with Flexitallic Gaskets Spectacle Blind Sli
p on Stainless Steel Steam Trap (Heat Conservation) Socket Weld Weld Neck
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
153
Miscellaneous Designations
AG BL DCS HCB
HCH
HHLL HLL LG LLL LLLL MW
NLL
P PB PFD PG PI
Above Ground Battery Limit Distributed Control System Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon wi
th Hydrogen High High Liquid Level High Liquid Level Level Gage Low Liquid Level
Low Low Liquid Level Manway Normal Liquid Level Pressure Push Bottom Process Fl
ow Diagram Pressure Gage Pressure Indicator
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
154
Miscellaneous Designations
P&ID PO PT RES RG RL RTD RVP SC SCL SG SP SP.GR. STO TI T/T UFD UG VB Piping & I
nstrumentation Diagram Pump Out Pressure Test Connection Residue Refrigerant Gas
Refrigerant Liquid Resistance Temperature Detector Reid Vapor Pressure Sample C
onnection Sample Cooler Sight Glass Set Point Relative Mass Density (Specific Gr
avity) Steam Out Temperature Indicator Tangent to Tangent Utility Flow Diagram U
nder Ground Vortex Breaker
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
155
Utility Services Abbreviations

BFW CLW CW CWR CWS DMW DSW DWA FLG FLR FOR FOS FWA HBW HPC HPS Boiler Feed Water
Chlorinated Water Cooling Water Cooling Water Return Cooling Water Supply Demin
eralized Water Desalinated Water Drinking Water Fuel Gas Flare Discharge Fuel Oi
l Return Fuel Oil Supply Fire Water High Pressure Boiler Feed Water High Pressur
e Condensate High Pressure Steam
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
156
Utility Services Abbreviations

ISA LLPS LPC LPS MBW MPC MPS NG NIT PLA PWA RFO RFW RWA SWA TWA WAT Instrument A
ir Low Low Pressure Steam Low Pressure Condensate Low Pressure Steam Medium Pres
sure Boiler Feed Water Medium Pressure Condensate Medium Pressure Steam Natural
Gas Nitrogen Plant Air Plant Water(service water) Refinery Fuel Oil Refrigerated
water Raw Water Sour Water Treated Water Water
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
157
power supply
AS
Air Supply
ISA PLA Instrument Air Plant Air
ES GS HS NS SS
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
Electric Supply Gas Supply Hydraulic Supply(Water) Nitrogen Supply Steam Supply
158
SYMBOL
a:bc E.:6.
DESCRIPTION
Main process line (arrow of 30indicates Direction of fluid flow ) Heat traced pi
pe line Underground pipeline Existing line Future line Vendor package Jackated o
r double containment pipeline Line crossing (connected)
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159
Line crossing (nconnected) Lines junction

Dripe funnel Platform Removable spoolpice Minimum distance Indication of point o
f change: a)change in sloop b) change in piping class c)change in responsibility
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Outlet to the atmosphere for steam / gas Flow / motion in diraction of arrow Arr
ow for inlet or outlet of essential substances ww w.m Slope bla sts avi Level re
ference or. mi ha Limit , general nb lo g .co Contractor/ vendor m Battery limit
Hood , general (Furnace) Distribution device for fluids , spray nozzle Siphon w
ith dip length
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Open vent Syphon drain( seal leg) Liquid seal, oen Liquid seal ,closed ww w.m bl
a Butsting disc sts avi or. mi ha Sight glass nb lo g .co m Level gage
Level gage on standpipe (vertical pipe)
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Interlock logic symbols

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Butt welded joint Flanged joint Screwed joint (arrow : 90) Socket welded joint S
ocket and spigot joint Compression joint Swivel joint End cap ,but welded End fl
anged and bolted End cap ,fillet welded (socket) End cap ,screwed (arrow:90)
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Symbols for manually operated and miscellaneous valves and monitors

!!GP$
Gate valve (basic symbol) Globe valve Check valve (general) Gate valve behind of
f Angle valve Ball valve Fourway valve Gate valve with body bleed Butterfly valv
e Hydraulic control (water force) Metering cock Needle valve Plug valve
S=solenoid valve R= Manual reset when indicated
Diaphragm valve
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PLC G"+)7 %./0 z)D- 4.=0.

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DCS G"+)7 %./0 z)D- 4.=0.
!"#$ ]&gi.
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167
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Bg@)o SÎ_
B`&_ &0 4&#0 S!N B`&_ F250 4&#0 S!N S`/R \, /)i &0 4&#0 S!N
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
w ww
.
la mb
st s
io av
r.
ha mi
nb
.c lo g
om
178
179
180
181
Equipment:Tower, column, vessel and reactor

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182
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ww w. m
bl a
st sa vi
or .b lo gf a. co m
183
Note: All tanks and spheres on each flow diagram are to be shown in Approximate
relative size to each other
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185
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187
Air coolers
w
. ww
m
bla
s
v tsa
io
r.m
ih
b an
lo
co g.
m
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188
Pumps
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189
190
NOZZLES IDENTIFICATIONS ON VESSELS, REACTORS AND TOWERS

NOZZLE
A,A2 B C D
E*
IDENTIFICATION SYMBOL Inlets Outlet Condensate Drain or Draw-off Feed Level gage
or gage glass Handhold Pumpout Level instrument (also LT, LI) Manhole Reboiler
connection Pressure connection (also PT, PI) Reflux Steam or sample connection T
emperature connection (also TI, TE, TW)
V Vapor or vent
F G
H J K*
L M
N
P
R S
T
W
Relief valve connection (Oversize unless actual size known) *Use E or K when non
of the other symbols apply. Do not use I, O, Q, U, X, Y, or Z.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 191
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Numbering System
IPS %&@L$ /0
"#
<.=)PvN 2 &P6&,/; Mz)D- 4.=0.M Z4.5$ %4.kl H4&Ci

instrumentation identifications equipment abbreviations (codes) fluid abbreviati
ons painting, insulation and heat tracing designations.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
198
SCOPE
numbering for instrument and electrical equipment, piping line and engineering d
ocuments such as specifications, purchase orders, and other facilities.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
199
REFERENCES
ISA (INSTRUMENT SOCIETY OF AMERICA)
S 5.1-1984. 1989 8Instrumentations Symbol and Identification Formerly6, Ed.
ISO
(INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION)
6708-1995 (E) "Pipe Components Definition and Selection of Nominal Size", 2nd. E
d., 1995.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
200
EQUIPMENT NUMBERING SYSTEM

<.=)PvN %4.kl H4&Ci
$%
Main Equipment & Package Unit

%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
www.mblastsavior.mihanblog.com 202
Notes: 1) Unit number for the equipment shall start from 1 (not from 01). For a
typical refinery units see Appendix A. 2) Serial number for equipment including
mechanical, machinery, electrical, ancillary facilities, buildings, general item
s, etc., shall be from 01 to 99 unless otherwise specified. The numbering of ins
truments and control equipment should be from 001 to 999. For the units with mor
e than one section (e.g., crude and vacuum distillation unit, etc.), equipment s
erial number to be utilized for each section shall be determined by the Contract
or (e.g., from 01 t0 50 and from 50 to 99 to crude distillation and vacuum disti
llation sections respectively).
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 203
APPENDIX B EQUIPMENT CATEGORY SYMBOL

AGITATOR AIR CONDITIONER BLENDER COMPRESSOR CONTINUOUS MIXER, PLASTICS CONTROL P
ANEL CONVEYOR, MECHANICAL OR PNEUMATIC COOLING TOWER CRANE CRUSHER CRYSTALLIZER
CUTTER CYCLONE AND HYDROCLONE DESALTER EVAPORATOR EXCHANGER, SHELL-AND TUBE, DOU
BLE PIPE, PLATE, COILS, AIR COOLED, REBOILER, BOX COOLER, CASCADE COOLER, SURFAC
E CONDENSER EXTRUDER
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
AG AC BR C CM CPL CV CT CN CR CS CU CY DE EV E
EX
204
APPENDIX B EQUIPMENT CATEGORY SYMBOL

FAN FA FILTER F FLARE STACK FST HEATER, FIRED H LOADING ARM LA MILL MI PUMP P RE
ACTOR R SAMPLER SA SEPARATOR, ATMOSPHERIC SE SPECIALITY MOBILE EQUIPMENT, (FIRE
TRUCK, SNOW REMOVAL) SM STACK, CHIMNEY S STEAM TRAP STP STRAINER STR SUMP SU TAN
K; API, SILO, HOPPER TK VALVE, SLIDE (SEE GATE, SLIDE) SG VALVE, ROTARY RV VALVE
, MOTORIZED MOV VESSEL, PRESSURE (COLUMN, ACCUMULATOR, K.O. DRUM SPHERE, BULLET)
V
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 205
Appendix A UNIT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER

for a typical refinery
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
206
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
207
Drivers for Main Equipment

Drivers for main equipment shall be numbered as follows:
Note: Type of drivers shall be as follows: DE : Diesel Engine GE : Gas Engine GT
: Gas Turbine HT : Hydraulic Turbine
M : Electric Motor
ST : Steam Turbine TEX: Turbo Expander.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 208
PIPING LINE NUMBERING SYSTEM

&P6&,/; %4.kl H4&Ci
Piping lines shall be numbered in the following manner: Numbering of All Lines E
xcluding Steam Tracing Spools
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 209
Notes:
1) Piping serial number, in general is started from 0001 and Up except for the u
nits which are characterized by more than one section such as crude and vacuum d
istillation unit. In such cases, split of piping serial numbers to be assigned f
or each section of the unit shall be determined by the Contractor. Special numbe
r 7001 : 9999 shall be used for all drains, relief headers and utility services
including fuel oil and fuel gas for all units except for the units which are pro
ducing the subject utility services. For assigning the piping serial number, the
following items should be taken into consideration: a) The individual line numb
er shall be held up to the point where the line ends at the inlet of equipment s
uch as a vessel, exchanger, pump, etc., an other number is required for the line
downstream of the equipment. b) All utility headers (systems) shall be numbered
with their respective units. All branches serving a specific unit will be numbe
red with that unit. f) All firewater and sewer branches serving a specific unit
shall be numbered. 2) Piping class code shall be in accordance with the line cla
sses utilized in project piping material specification. 3) Piping components not
identified by instrument or mechanical equipment numbers, etc., and not covered
by the piping material specification, are identified by a special item number.
4) Unit number of the plant shall start from 1 (not from 01). For a typical refi
nery units see Appendix A.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
210
Steam Tracing Spools

For steam tracing numbering and material take off, the contractor can use his ow
n system.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
211
APPENDIX I FLUID ABBREVIATION SYMBOLS

a) Air Systems
ISA PLA BDN CBD IBD COC HPC LPC MPC CDH CSW NSW OSW SSW
Instrument Air Plant Air
b) Blowdown and Pump Out Systems
!"#$ %&P6&,/; %4&n"c. 12/O
Blowdown Continuous Blowdown Intermittent Blowdown
c) Condensate Systems
Cold Condensate High Pressure Condensate Low Pressure Condensate Medium Pressure
Condensate
d) Drain (Sewer) Systems
Closed Drain Header Chemical Sewer Non Oily Sewer Oily Sewer Sanitary Sewer
e) Flare Systems
FL HFL LFL
f) Fuels
Flare (Normal) High Pressure Flare Low Pressure Flare Fuel Gas Fuel Oil Natural
Gas Refinery Fuel Oil
212
FLG FLO NG RFO
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN

g) Special Gas Systems
ACG AIR CHL HEL HYD NIT NOX OXY UTA AMN AMO CAU CHM DEA DGA FS MEA MEK %-.=P0 5C
^$:H5@@J S)PN TOL
Acid Gas Air (Drying Service) Chlorine Helium Hydrogen Nitrogen Nitrous Oxide Ox
ygen Utility Air Amine Ammonia Caustic Soda Chemicals di-Ethanol Amine di-Glycol
e Amine Flushing Solvent mono-Ethanol Amine Methyl Ethyl Ketone Toluene
!"#$ %&P6&,/; %4&n"c. 12/O
h) Special Chemical and Solvent Systems
213

i) Oil Utility Systems INO Injection Oil LBO Lubricating Oil SLO Seal Oil j) Ste
am systems DKS Decoking Steam DLS Dilution Steam HOR Hot Oil Return HOS Hot Oil
Supply HPS High Pressure Steam LLS Low Low Pressure Steam LPS Low Pressure Steam
MPS Medium Pressure Steam l) Water Systems BFW Boiler Feed Water CLW Chlorinate
d Water CWR Cooling Water Return CWS Cooling Water Supply DIW Distilled Water HW
S Hot Water Supply HWR Hot Water Return TWR Tempered Water Return TWS Tempered W
ater Supply DMW Demineralized Water DWA Drinking Water FWA Fire Water HBW High P
ressure Boiler Feed Water HCW Hot and Chilled Water MBW Medium Pressure Boiler F
eed Water PHW Phenol Water PRW Process Water PWA Plant Water PTW Potable Water Q
HW Quench Water RWA Raw Water SWA Sour Water TWA Treated Water WAT Water
!"#$ %&P6&,/; %4&n"c. 12/O
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
214
Appendix I:Process Services

ACE ALC ASP BZN BUT CAT CRD CRG ETA ETN FOP GAS GHS GSL GSO HRG HCB HCH HSR HNA
JP4 JTA KER NGH
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
Acetylene %5@,T/` Alchohol Asphalt Benzene Butane Catalyst Crude Cracked Gas Eth
ane Ethylene Fuel Oil Product Gas Natural Gas with Hydrogen and Steam Gasoline i
:+", Gas oilE1h ;JC Hydrogen Rich Gas Hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon with Hydrogen Heav
y Straight Run Naphtha Heavy Naphtha Jet Fuel (JP-4) Jet A-1 Kerosene Natural Ga
s with Hydrogen
!"#$ %&P6&,/; %4&n"c. 12/O
215
Appendix I:Process Services

LNA LPG MEL MET NAP PNT PRP PPN PRA PRO RAF REG RES SLG SLP SUL
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
Light Naphtha Liquefied Petroleum Gas Methanol Methane Naphtha Pentane Propane P
ropylene Process Air Process Fluid Raffinate Recycle Gas Residue Sludge ;fB6 xE1
o/ $B6@ !%7% i`3 Slop i`3 Sulfur
216
APPENDIX L DEFINITION OF NOMINAL SIZE

1) Definition Nominal size (DN): A numerical designation of size which is common
to all components in a piping system other than components designed by outside
diameters or by thread size. It is a convenient round number for reference purpo
ses and is only loosely related to manufacturing dimensions. Notes: 1) It is des
ignated by DN followed by a number. 2) It should be noted that not all piping co
mponents are designated by nominal size, for example steel tubes are designated
and ordered by outside diameter and thickness. 3) The nominal size DN cannot be
subject to measurement and shall not be used for purposes of calculation.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
217
HQ.56. %Q&7 ]-&3$ ]25;

%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
218
4&r` %Q&7 ]-&3$ ]25;

ATM
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
219
APPENDIX E PAINTING, INSULATION AND HEAT TRACING DESIGNATION INSULATION OR HEAT

TRACING TYPE SERVICE
ET ETT IS SJ ST STS STT TB PT NP UW
Electrical Traced and Insulated Electrical Traced With Heat Transfer Cement and
insulated Insulation for Personnel Protection Steam Jacketed and Insulated Steam
Traced and Insulated Steam Traced With Spacers and Insulated Steam Traced with
Heat Transfer Cement and Insulated Trace Body and Insulate Painting NO Painting,
No Insulation Underground Wrapping
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
220
Numbering for Structure

Structure and pipe rack shall be numbered in the following manner: Notes: 1) Str
ucture Identification AT = Antenna Tower CPS = Concrete Pipe Sleeper MP = Miscel
laneous Platform PS = Pipe Support SL = Stiles F&0-/6 SS = Steel Structure 2) St
ructure numbering shall be South to North and West to East.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
221
Drawing title block

The following requirements shall be shown on the title block of each drawing (se
e Appendix B): - revision table; - main Company s name (e.g., National Iranian O
il Company); - name of Company Relevant Organization, (if any), (e.g., Refinerie
s Engineering and Construction); - name of refinery or plant (in English and Per
sian words); - Company s emblem; - Contractor s name; - drawing title; - Company
s project No.; - Contractor s job No. (optional); - Contractor s drawing No. (o
ptional); - Company s drawing No.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 222
Title block sizes and drawing dimensions shall be as follows:

%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
223
]&~$ \,
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
224
Line widths !"#$ %&P6&,/; %./0 a:bc W$&#t

To obtain a clear representation, different line widths shall be used. Main flow
lines or main piping shall be highlighted. The following line widths shall be a
pplied: - 0.8 mm for main process lines; - 0.5 mm for other process lines; utili
ty lines, and underground lines; - 0.5 mm for graphical symbols for equipment an
d machinery, except valves and fittings and piping accessories; - 0.5 mm for rec
tangular boxes for illustrating Unit operations, process equipment, etc.; - 0.5
mm for subsidiary flow lines or subsidiary product lines and for energy carrier
lines and auxiliary system lines; - 0.4 mm for class changes designation; - 0.3
mm for graphical symbols for valves and fittings and piping accessories and for
symbols for process measurement and control functions, control and data transmis
sion lines; - 0.3 mm for all electrical, computer and instrument signals; - 0.3
mm for reference lines; Line widths of less than 0.3 mm shall not be used.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
225
Drawings Title block size

Note: The final (As Built) isometric drawings shall include the material take of
f table and should be in A3 size. %-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
226
Drawing Scales
Drawings scales shall be any of the following: 1: 10 1 : 20 ww w.m bla sts 1: 25
avi or. mi ha 1 : 33-1/3 nb lo g .co m 1 : 50 1 : 100 1 : 250 1 : 500 1 : 1000
1 : 2500 (Overall Plot Plan Only)
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 227
NUMBERING OF PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS AND DATA SHEETS Z4.5$ !"#$ E.:6. 12/O <.4&n"
c.
SP DW PC FS DS PR CE WS IR CA MU OT
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
- Specification - Drawings - Performance Curves - Fabrication Schedule - Data Sh
eets - Procedures - Certificates - Welding Specification - Inspection Record - C
alculations - Manuals - Others
228
Engineering Disciplines Coding

!"#$ %&P@)!*)+,- 12/O <.4&n"c.
AC CI EL GM GN HM and/or IN ME PI PR PV RE and/or (PM) SF ST TC TP Heating, Vent
ilation, Air conditioning & Refrigeration Engineering Civil Engineering (General
) including Architectural Electrical Engineering General Machineries General Hea
t and Mass Transfer Engineering (Thermal Equipment Engineering) Instrumentation
Engineering Fixed Mechanical Equipment Engineering (Non Rotating Equipment Engin
eering) Piping Engineering (General Mechanical and Interconnection Engineering)
Process and Chemicals Engineering Pressure Vessel Engineering (Generally, Vessel
s Engineering) Rotating Equipment and/or (Process Machineries) Engineering Safet
y, Fire Fighting & Environmental Control Engineering Structural Engineering Tele
communication Engineering Technical Protection Engineering
229
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
Commodity Account No.:

- Civil - Instrumentation - Electrical - Machinery - Heaters - Vessels, Towers o
r Drums - Tanks and Spheres - Package Units - Miscellaneous Mechanical - Piping
- Management - Site Construction - Miscellaneous 01 02 03 04 05 07 08 09 10 11 1
2 13 14
- Heat Exchangers (including reboilers, coolers, double pipe heat exchangers, co
ils, plate heat exchangers, etc.) 06
g blo .c om
ww
m w.
b
ts s a l
a
r vio
.m
iha
n
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
230
Project Sections Coding

AC CC CN DC FN GN PC PE PN PM PQ QA QC
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
Accounting Cost Control Construction Document Center Finance General Project Coo
rdination Project Engineering Planning Project Management Procurement Quality As
surance Quality Control
231
Numbering of Drawings Z4.5$ %4.kA$&6

Notes: 1) Two drawings may have the same serial number but different unit number
. 2) When drawings have same title and function, they shall have the same serial
number and shall be identified by using Sequential No./Total No.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 232
Numbering of Isometric Drawings Numbering of Isometric Drawings shall be the sam

e as the piping line number which is shown on the Isometric Drawing.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
233

SYMBOL/ABBREVIATION AK BD CRD DN HVAC LG PDB PFD P & IDs PO PS PSV SI TEL DESCRI
PTION Arak Building Crude Diameter Nominal, in (mm) Heating Ventilation and Cool
ing Level Gage Distribution Panel Board Process Flow Diagram Piping and Instrume
nt Diagrams Purchase Order Pipe Support Pressure Safety Valve System Internation
al Tetra Ethyl Lead
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
234
DRAWING SERIAL NUMBER

Z4.5$ !"#$ E.:6. ]&,/7 H4&Ci
SERIAL NUMBER (4 Digits) 0001 - 0099 0100 - 0199 0200 - 0399 0500 - 0599 1000 1999 2000 - 2999 4000 - 4999 5000 - 5999 6000 - 6999 7000 - 7999 8000 - 8999 900
0 - 9999 TYPE OF DRAWING - PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM - MECHANICAL FLOW DIAGRAMS (P &
IDs) - UTILITY FLOW DIAGRAM - PLOT PLAN - CONCRETE - STRUCTURAL STEEL - VESSEL PIPING - ELECTRICAL - INSTRUMENT - INSULATION - MISCELLANEOUS
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
235
Special Chemical and Solvent Systems

AMN AMO CAU CHM DEA DGA MEA MEK TOL
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
Amine Ammonia Caustic Soda Chemicals di-Ethanol Amine di-Glycole Amine mono-Etha
nol Amine Methyl Ethyl Ketone Toluene
236
FLUID ABBREVIATION SYMBOLS

a) Air Systems
ISA PLA BDN CBD IBD COC HPC LPC MPC CSW NSW OSW %-.=P0 5C^$ SSW :H5@@J S)PN Inst
rument Air Plant Air Blowdown Continuous Blowdown Intermittent Blowdown Cold Con
densate High Pressure Condensate Low Pressure Condensate Medium Pressure Condens
ate Chemical Sewer Non Oily Sewer Oily Sewer Sanitary Sewer
b) Blowdown and Pump Out Systems
c) Condensate Systems
d) Drain (Sewer) Systems
237

e) Flare Systems
FL HFL LFL Flare (Normal) High Pressure Flare Low Pressure Flare Fuel Gas Fuel O
il Natural Gas Refinery Fuel Oil Acid Gas Chlorine Helium Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxyg
en Utility Air
f) Fuels
FLG FLO NG RFO ACG CHL HEL HYD NIT OXY UTA %-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
g) Special Gas Systems
238

i) Oil Utility Systems
LBO SLO FGO Lubricating Oil Seal Oil Flushing Oil Dilution Steam Hot Oil Return
Hot Oil Supply High Pressure Steam Low Low Pressure Steam Low Pressure Steam Med
ium Pressure Steam
j) Steam systems
DLS HOR HOS HPS LLS LPS MPS
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
239

l) Water Systems BFW Boiler Feed Water CLW Chlorinated Water CWR Cooling Water R
eturn CWS Cooling Water Supply DIW Distilled Water HWS Hot Water Supply HWR Hot
Water Return TWR Tempered Water Return TWS Tempered Water Supply DMW Demineraliz
ed Water DWA Drinking Water FWA Fire Water HBW High Pressure Boiler Feed Water H
CW Hot and Chilled Water MBW Medium Pressure Boiler Feed Water PRW Process Water
PWA Plant Water RWA Raw Water SWA Sour Water TWA Treated Water WAT Water
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
240

k) Process Services ACE Acetylene ALC Alchohol ASP Asphalt BZN Benzene BUT Butan
e CAT Catalyst ETA Ethane ETN Ethylene FOP Fuel Oil Product GAS Gas GSL Gasoline
GSO Gas oil HRG Hydrogen Rich Gas HCB Hydrocarbon HCH Hydrocarbon with Hydrogen
JP4 Jet Fuel (JP(JP-4) JTA Jet AA-1 KER Kerosene NGH Natural Gas with Hydrogen
RGH Reformed Gas with Hydrogen %-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
241

LNA LPG MEL MET NAP PNT PRP PPN PRA PRO RAF REF REG RES SLG SLP SUL Light Naphth
a Liquefied Petroleum Gas Methanol Methane Naphtha Pentane Propane Propylene Pro
cess Air Process Fluid Raffinate Reformate Recycle Gas Residue Sludge Slop Sulfu
r
242
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
ENGINEERING STANDARD FOR PROCESS DESIGN OF VALVES AND CONTROL VALVES

r<G"# (1N<%= H 1N<%= $1oGC* )@*!C1G6*
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GP$ ]25;
270
GP$ ]25;
271
GP$ ]25;
272
GP$ ]25;
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278
279
280
Engineering Specification for Site Conditions

;:16 I1no[/
281
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Baseic engineering Design Data

E-PR-200 XH<U >: (*<, aEb I1KRM* (@Hd 5-P
?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2>
CDE
BEDD BEDQ CON

Basic Engineering Design Data Basic Engineering Design Questionnaire Contractor
?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2>
295 CDF
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
Utility services The following utility services shall be covered in the BEDD as
applicable. - Steam. - Water. - Condensate. - Fuel. - Air. - Nitrogen. - Electri
cal Power. - Others.
?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2>
GHI
Water operating and design conditions This section shall include the following t
ypes of waters where applicable: a) HP Boiler Feed Water. b) MP Boiler Feed Wate
r. c) Cooling Water Supply. d) Cooling Water Return. e) Raw Water. f) Plant (Ser
vice) Water. g) Drinking Water. h) Fire Water. i) Demineralized Water. j) Desali
nated Water.
?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2>
GHD
310
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311
Water specification
A table (see Table A.4 in Appendix A) shall be provided to cover the following c
haracteristics for the services such as circulating cooling water, cooling tower
make-up, raw water/sea water and treated boiler feed water (where applicable):
a) Source and Return (if needed). b) Availability over use, in (dm&/s). c) Value
, in (cent/1,000 dm&). d) pH. e) Total Hardness as CaCO3, in (mg/kg). f) Calcium
as CaCO3, in (mg/kg). g) Magnesium as CaCO3, in (mg/kg). h) Total Alkalinity as
CaCO3, in (mg/kg). i) Sodium as CaCO3, in (mg/kg). l) Potassium as CaCO3, in (m
g/kg). j) Sulfate as CaCO3, in (mg/kg). k) Chloride as CaCO3, in (mg/kg). m) Nit
rate as CaCO3, in (mg/kg). n) Silica as SiO2, in (mg/kg). o) Total Iron, in (mg/
kg). p) Suspended Solids, in (mg/kg). q) Dissolved Solids, in (mg/kg). r) COD, i
n (mg/kg). s) Other ?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2>
GJC
The wet bulb temperature used for cooling tower design should be based on the lo
cal conditions and effect of cooling tower vaporization.
?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2>
GJG
Gaseous Effluents Regarding the gaseous effluents to be discharged to the atmosp

here such as fired heater flue gas, boiler flue gas, vent gas and etc., the disc
harging amounts of the pollutants described below shall be calculated per source
. a) SOx. b) NOx. c) Solid Particles. d) H2S, NH3, HCl, HF, etc.. e) Cl2, F2. f)
CO. g) Hydrocarbons. h) Metal and its compounds; Hg, Cu, As, Pb, Cd, etc.
?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2>
GJE
Chemicals and Additives The following chemicals shall be stipulated: a) Solvents

such as Furfural, etc.. b) NaOH, H2SO4, HCl, etc.. c) Inhibitors for corrosion,
fouling, polymerization, etc.. d) Antifoamer. e) Additives for lube oil, finish
ed products, BFW, etc.. f) Amines such as MEA, DEA, DGA, etc.. g) Glycol, methan
ol, etc.. h) Refrigerant; i) Emulsion breaker, filter aids, etc.; j) pH control
agent; k) Flocculant and coagulant.
?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2>
GJF
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316
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317
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Air
a) Plant Air. b) Instrument Air. c) Catalyst regeneration Air. A separate table
(see Table A.10 of Appendix A) shall be provided to cover all services mentioned
in 6.5.3.2.7.1 above for the following informations a) Availability, N m$/h. b)
Driver Type of Compressor. c) Dry Air Dew Point. d) Oil Free Air Requirement.
?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2> GCK
327
328
329
330
331
332
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333
334
Vessels and columns The following basic design data requirements shall be includ
ed in "BEDD" if not specified in the design criteria: Types of trays, packing an
d/or materials which are required. Minimum tray spacing. Flooding factors for hy
draulic design of towers. Required residence time for all vessels, columns, KO D
rums and all draw-offs. Minimum and maximum percent of normal flow rate which sh
ould be considered for design of tower hydraulic. Towers, vessels and vessel boo
ts minimum diameter. Any known diameter, length, or mass limitation for shipping
or shop fabrication of vessels (if any). Provision of separate steam out nozzle
on all vessels. Vessel nozzle identification shall be according to the table sh
own in Appendix B. Vent, steam out and drain nozzles shall be according to the f
ollowing table:
?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2>
GGF
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336
On all horizontal vessels, a blanked off ventilation nozzle should be provided o

n the top of the vessel near the end opposite the manway. The ventilation nozzle
will be sized as follows: - DN 100 (4") nozzle for vessels up to 4,450 mm tange
nt length; - DN 150 (6") nozzle for vessels 4500 to 7450 mm tangent length; - DN
200 (8") nozzle for vessels 7500 mm and longer tangent length.
?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2>
GGL
Storage tanks and offsite facilities The following requirements shall be specifi
ed on "BEDD". Numbers and capacity selection policy of storage tanks, separately
for the following cases: - Feed Tanks. - Intermediate Product Tanks. - Finished
Product Tanks. Maximum blending time for preparation of each finished product.
Type of blending of the finished products. Basic philosophy for selection of typ
e of the tanks. Height of the tanks. Type of fire fighting facilities to be cons
idered for various types of tanks. Type of product loading and maximum operating
time per day of the loading facilities. Gas blanketing source and requirement f
or the storage tanks if applicable.
?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2>
GGI
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
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349
The process and utility battery limit conditions shall cover the followings: a)
Producer Battery Limit (Pressure and Temperature). b) Consumer Battery Limit (Pr
essure and Temperature). The equipment mechanical design conditions shall cover
the followings: a) Piping (Design Pressure and Design Temperature). b) Vessels a
nd Exchangers (Design Pressure and Design Temperature). c) Turbines (Design Pres
sure and Design Temperature).
?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2>
GFH
350
351
352
Climatic data Temperature:

- Maximum recorded. - Minimum recorded. - Winterizing. - Wet bulb*. - Dry bulb.
?+*@2" 9/A%:'9::3 <=2>
GFG
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
Process Design Criteria

366
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ENGINEERING STANDARD FOR PRESSURE STORAGE SPHERES FOR (LPG)
389
390
391
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394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
ENGINEERING STANDARD FOR LAYOUT AND SPACING

'%$
This Standard Specification covers the basic requirements of the plant layout an
d spacing of oil & gas refineries, petrochemical and similar chemical plants to
ensure safety and fire prevention together with ease of operation and maintenanc
e.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
403
API (AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE) RP"Recommended Practice for Classification of

Location for Electrical RP-500 A Electrical Installation in Petroleum Refinerie
s", Edition Fourth, Jan. 1982 API Std. 620 "On Large, Welded, Low Pressure Stora
ge Tanks" API Std. 650 "On Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage" ASME (AMERICAN SO
CIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS) "Boilers and Pressure Vessel Codes": - Section I,
Power Boilers - Section VIII, Pressure Vessels ASCE (AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL
ENGINEERS) "Minimum Design Loads for Structures" IPS (IRANIAN PETROLEUM STANDARD
S) IPS"Atmospheric Above Ground Welded Steel Storage Tanks" IPS-C-MEME-100 IPS"E
lectrical Area Classification & Extent" IPS-E-ELEL-110 IPS"Large Welded Low Pres
sure Storage Tanks" IPS-C-MEME-110 IPS"Aviation Turbine Fuel Storage Tanks" IPSC-MEME-120 "Pressure Storage & Spheres (for LPG)" IPSIPS-C-MEME-130 IPS"Geometri
c Design of Roads" IPS-E-CECE-160 "Pipe Supports" IPSIPS-G-PIPI-280 IPS8 Process
design of liquid & gas transfer & IPS-E-PRPR-360 storage 8 "Fire Fighting Sprin
kler Systems" IPSIPS-E-SFSF-200 IPS"Safety Boundary Limits" IPS-C-SFSF-550 IPS"T
ypical Unit Plot Arrangement & Pipeway Layout" IPS-D-PIPI-102 -:D -PI-103 "Pipel
ine Spacing" IPS PI %-.=P0IPS5C^$ H5@@J S)PN
404
ANSI (AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD INSTITUTE) ANSI"Piping Hanger and Supports", 19

69 Edition ANSI-MSS Standards, NFPA (NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION) NFPA
"Recommendation Codes and Standards" (See Table AA-1 in Appendix A) NFPA, 59 "St
andard for the Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases", Ed. 1989 NFPA
, 251 "Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Building, Construction and Materials",
Ed. 1985 IRI (INDUSTRIAL RISK INSURANCE ) "Requirement on Spacing of Flare" TEMA
(TUBULAR EXCHANGER MFRS. ASSN. STANDARD) Uniform Building "From International C
onference of Building Office", 1991 Ed. Code, (UBC)
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
405 405
DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY

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Is an earth or concrete wall providing a specified liquid retention capacity. Di
version Wall Is an earth or concrete wall which directs spills to a safe disposa
l area. Fire Resistive Fire resistance rating, as the time in minutes or hours,
that materials or assemblies have withstand a fire exposure as established in ac
cordance with the test407 %-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN of NFPA 251.
Slide 407 L3 %&'()*+

Lastsavior; 2007/08/23
High Flash Stock Are those having a closed up flash point of 55 C or over (such
as heavy fuel oil, lubricating oils, etc.). This category does not include any s
tock that may be stored at temperatures above or within 8 C of its flash point.
Low-Flash Stocks Are those having a closed up flash point under 55 C such as gas
oline, kerosene, jet fuels, some heating oils, diesel fuels and any other stock
that may be stored at temperatures above or within 8 C of it s flash point. NonCombustible Material incapable of igniting or supporting combustion.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 408
Pipe Rack The pipe rack is the elevated supporting structure used to convey pipi
ng between equipment. This structure is also utilized for cable trays associated
with electricpower distribution and for instrument tray. Plot Plan The plot pla
n is the scaled plan drawing of the processing facility. Sleepers The sleepers c
omprise the grade-level supporting structure for piping between equipment for fa
cilities, e.g., tank farm or other remote areas.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 409
Toe Wall Is a low earth, concrete, or masonery unit curb without capacity requir
ements for the retention of small leaks or spills. Vessel Diameter Where vessel
spacing is expressed in terms of vessel diameter, the diameter of the largest ve
ssel is used. For spheroids, the diameter at the maximum equator is used. Vessel
Spacing Is the unobstructed distance between vessel shells or between vessel sh
ells and nearest edge of adjacent %-.=P0 5C^$ :H5@@J S)PN 410 equipment , proper
ty lines, or buildings.

BP = HVAC Conditioning IC IRI = LPG = NFPA = OD = OGP = OIA = SIC = TEMA %-.=P0
5C^$:H5@@J S)PN Association Boiling Point = Heating, Ventilation and Air = Incom
bustibles Industrial Risk Insurance Liquefied Petroleum Gas National Fire Protec
tion Association Outside Diameter Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Oil Insurance Assoc
iation Sheathed Incombustible = Thermal Exchargers Manufacturers 411
Safety and Environment Familiarization with pertinent Environmental Regulations,

(Local, National and International), and how they might change is essential per
ior to conclusion of pre-project studies. Attention shall be given to the pertin
ent safety regulations, including health and welfare needs. Hazardous and flamma
ble materials require special handling, which can take up layout space. If the p
rocess fluids are especially toxic, layout is affected by the need for close che
mical sewers and other protection measures. Security requirements may require sp
ecial layout design when the plant produces a highvalue product. If a plant site
is governed by particular building, piping, %-.=P0 5C^$ :H5@@J S)PN plumbing, e
lectrical and other codes, these can affect 412 plant layout. Similar governing
standards and regulation in plant site affects the layout concept.
SOME KEY ISSUES RELATED TO LAYOUT
Throughput
It is important not only to know the initial capacity but also to have a good fe
el for how much the plant might be expanded in the future, as well as how likely
the process technology is to be modernized. Thesewww.mblastsavior.mihanblog.com
factors indicate how much space should be left for additional equipment. Multip
le processing lines (trains), are often required for the plant. Pairs of trains
can either be identical or be mirror images. The former option is less expensive
. But the mirror image approach is sometimes preferable for layout reasons. Two
such reasons are: a) For operator access via a central aisle. b) The need that t
he outlet sides of two lines of equipment %-.=P0 5C^$ :H5@@J S)PN 413 (pumps, fo
r instance) point toward each other so that they can be readily hooked to one co
mmon line.
BASIC CONSIDERATIONS
General The plant layout shall be arranged for: a) maximization of safety; b) pr
evention of the spread of fire and also ease of operation; c) maintenance consis
tent with economical design and future expansion. Blocking The plant site shall
be blocked in consideration of hazards attendant to plant operation in the area.
All blocked areas shall be formed as square as possible by divided access roads
and/or boundary lines. Location and Weather %-.=P0 5C^$plant :H5@@J S)PN layout
shall be arranged in consideration of The geographic location and weather in th
e region of the site.
414
Prevailing Wind Where the prevailing wind is defined, the administration and ser
vice facilities and directly fired equipment, etc., shall be located windward of
process Units and storage tanks, etc. www.mblastsavior.mihanblog.com Layout Ind
ication The basic requirements to be met in the appropriate diagram when making
a piping and equipment layout are: All equipment, ladders, structures, shall be
indicated. All instrument shall be located and indicated. All valving and handwh
eel orientations shall be indicated. Drip funnel locations for underground drain
s shall be indicated. All electrical switch grears, lighting pannels shall be in
dicated. %-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 415 All sample systems shall be indicated
Area Arrangement Classified blocked areas, such as process areas, areas, storage
areas, areas, utilities areas, areas, administration administration and service
areas, areas, and other areas shall be arranged as follows: 1) The process area
shall be located in the most convenient place for operating the process Unit. 2
) The storage area shall be located as far as possible from buildings occupied b
y personnel at the site, but should be located near the process area for ready o
peration of the feed stocks and product runrun-downs. 3) The utilities area shal
l be located beside the process area for ready supply of utilities. 4) Loading a
nd unloading area shall be located on a corner of the site with capable connecti
on to public road directly, for inland traffics. traffics. For marine transporta
tion, transportation, the area shall be located on the seaside or riverside in t
he plant site. 5) The administration and service area shall be located at a safe
place on the site in order to protect personnel from hazards. It shall preferab
ly be located near the main gate alongside the main road of the plant. 6) Flare
and burn pit shall be located at the end of the site with sufficient distance to
prevent personnel hazard. 7) Waste water treating Unit shall be located near at
the lowest point of the site so as to collect all of effluent streams from the
processing Unit. 8) The process Unit to which the feed stock is charged first, f
irst, shall be located on the side near the feed stock tanks, tanks, to minimize
the length of the feed line. 9) The process Unit from which the final product(s
) product(s) is (are) withdrawn, shall be located on the side near the products
tanks to minimize the length of the product runrun-down line. 10) Process Units
in which large quantities of utilities are consumed, should be preferably locate
d on the side near the utility center. center.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 416
PLANT LAYOUT
Roadways
1) Road and access ways shall offer easy access for mobile equipment during cons
truction and maintenance, fire fighting and emergency escape in a fire situation
. 2) Unless otherwise specified by the Company, the defined roads shall be made
as stated in IPS-E-CE160, "Geometric Design of Roads". 3) Access roads shall be
at least 3 m from processing equipment between road edges to prevent vehicle %-.
=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 417 collisions.
Piperacks and Sleepers

piperack for process Units and pipe sleeps for the off-site facilities shall be
considered as the principals support of the pipe way Single level pipe racks are
preferred, if more than one level is required, the distance between levels orie
nted in the same direction shall be adequate for maintenance but not less than 1
.25 meters
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 418
Maximum piperack widths shall be 10 m. If widths larger than 10 m are required,

the piperack shall be designed to be of two stage. Actual widths shall be 110% o
f the required widths or the required widths plus 1m. In cases where air fin coo
lers are to be placed on the piperacks, the piperack widths shall be adjusted ba
sed on the length of the air coolers.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 419
Allow ample space for routing instrument lines and electrical conduit. Provide 2
5% additional space for future instrument lines and electrical Provide 20% addit
ional space on the pipe rack for future piping Pipe racks outside process areas
shall have the following minimum overhead refinery/plant clearances: main roadwa
y -5 meters , access roads -4.5 meters, railroads -6.7 meters above top of rail.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN 420
Typical layout of piperack, for process plants depending on the number of proces
s Units incorporated and the process complexities are given in Figs. 1 through 4
with reference descriptions as follow: a) "Single Rack Type" layout, is suitabl
e for small scale process complex consisting of two-three process Units. It is e
conomical without requiring any large area.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
421
"Comb Type" layout shown in Fig. 2, is recommended for use in process, complex c
onsisting of three or more process Units. "Single Rack Type" in this case will n
ot be suitable since separate maintenance and utility administration in normal o
peration will be difficult because of the utility and flare line which are place
d on the common rack.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
422
"Double Comb Type" layout is an expansion of the "Comb Type" which is recommende
d for the use in largescale process complexes where five to ten process Units ar
e to be arranged. This layout as shown below in Fig. 3, can be conveniently util
ized.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
423
"U Type" layout shown in Fig. 4, is recommended to be used in case of process Un

its whose maintenance cannot be conducted separately, within t he complex. This
type can be regarded as an expansion of the "Singl e Rack Type". Even process co
mplexes of this nature, can be regarded as one process Unit in the planning of t
heir layout.
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN
424
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN

The control room and substation shall be located from an economical standpoint s
o as to minimize the length of electrical and instrument cables entering and lea
ving therefrom The control room shall be positioned so that the operator can com
mand a view of the whole system which is under control. Large buildings, or equi
pment shall not be placed in front of the control room.
425
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN

426
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN

427
%-.=P0 5C^$:H5@@J S)PN

428
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6 ND% NA1.< b.BN3 4&DG:+ .< 4YcI @Zl% S ND% NA1.< b.BN3 : m$H5 +"U9" Rules of th
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What are the different types of layouts discussed?

What are the different types of layouts discussed?

What standards are commonly used in process plant design?

What standards are commonly used in process plant design?

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PFD-P&ID course Piping course

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PROCESS DEPARTMENT ACTIVITIES

PROCESS DEPARTMENT ACTIVITIES BASIC & DETAILED ENGINEERING

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