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Greek Political Thought - Syllabus - SPR

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Tufts University - Spring Courses 2013

CLS 0084: Greek Political Thought

CLASSICS 0084: GREEK POLITICAL THOUGHT


Syllabus
Class Meetings - ANDN 309
Tuesday 10:30-11:45 am
Thursday: 10:30-11:45 am
Course Instructor
Monica Berti
Department of Classics - 326 Eaton Hall
monica.berti@tufts.edu
Office Hours
Tuesday 12:00-3:00 pm; or by appointment
Eaton 326
Textbook
RYAN K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006) ISBN 1-4051-0030-3
(paperback)
Other Readings and Texts
Other readings and texts listed in the syllabus will be given to the students during classes and posted on the
course Trunk site (https://trunk.tufts.edu).
Course Description
The modern term politics comes from the Greek politikos (of, or pertaining to, citizens and the city) and the
reflection about political life and constitutional forms is one of the most important contributions of ancient
Greece. The aim of this course is to explore origin and development of Greek political thought because it is
essential for our understanding of contemporary world, especially when we discuss themes such as
democracy, equality, justice, and the confrontation between East and West. The course will be a survey of
Greek thought in English translation from Archaic times to the Hellenistic age. Students will also have the
opportunity to learn Greek words of the political language by searching new digital tools available through the
Perseus Digital Library (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/), in order to understand the etymology of much of
our political terminology. Homeric epics, Hesiod, and the lyric poets reveal the first political reflection that
testifies the change from the world of the kings to the new role of the aristocracy and the emerging needs of
oppressed people. The search for justice and new solutions to civic coexistence permeate the poetry of Solon
and the action of archaic lawgivers. In the Fifth and Fourth century we have the great explosion of the
democratic political thinking and the debate about Athenian imperialism, which are expressed by many
different media, as the Greek drama, the works of the great historians Herodotus, Thucydides, and
Xenophon, orators speeches, and Sophists arguing about ethics, politics, and the relationship between law
and nature. The discussion about the meaning of law, the relationship between the citizen and the city, and
the teaching of virtue strongly emerge in the trial of Socrates and in the reconstruction of his personality by
Plato, who speculates on philosopher rulers, justice, the good city, and practical politics in the Republic and the
Laws. Aristotle is the first political scientist and his natural philosophy greatly influences his ideas about
household, slavery, justice, and the distribution of power in the city, together with his classification of
constitutions and theories about their evolution and change. With Alexander the Great and the end of Greek
cities freedom we enter a new age where individual needs and a different way of conceiving politics are
expressed by Cynics, Stoics, and the Epicureans, while Hellenistic theories concerning kingship develop a new
conception of rulership before Greece is conquered by Rome.

Tufts University - Spring Courses 2013


CLS 0084: Greek Political Thought

Course Requirements and Expectations


Preparation for attendance and participation in seminar discussions.
Assigned Readings: to be read before class.
Assigned Texts: to be read and discussed in class with the instructor.
Written assignments: weekly journaling exercises of roughly two pages double-spaced that engage critically
with the Texts read and discussed in class during the week. A printed copy of the journal is due on
Tuesday before class.
Research Project abstract of 1-2 pages double-spaced with preliminary bibliography (March 7) that results
in a Paper of 8-10 pages (April 18). The aim of the Research Paper is to analyze topics treated in class
focusing on the terminology of Greek political thought. Students are expected to use search tools available
through the Perseus Digital Library to find words of the political language in Classical sources.
N.B. Written assignments that are submitted late will be penalized one-half letter grade per day late.
Examinations
Midterm Examination (Tuesday, March 12).
Final Examination (Thursday, April 25).
Topics and Reading Assignments
WEEK ONE
1. Introduction to the Course
THURSDAY, JANUARY 17
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 1-15 (Chapter 1.
Introduction: How to Do Greek Political Thought)
Text: Aristotle, Politics 1.1252a.24-1253a.29
WEEK TWO
2. Justice in Homer and Hesiod
TUESDAY, JANUARY 22
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 16-37 (Chapter 2.
Archaic Greece and the Centrality of Justice. Achilles, Agamemnon, and Fair Distribution. Justice as
Distinctively Human. Institutions and Values of the Early Polis. What is Justice? The Voice of the
Oppressed and the Origins of Political Thought. The Egalitarian Response. The Elitist Response)
Text: Homer, Iliad 18.478-607; Homer, Iliad 2.207-282; Hesiod, Works and Days 11-46, 213-285
3. Archaic Lawgivers and Archaic Sparta
THURSDAY, JANUARY 24
Readings: K.A. RAAFLAUB, Poets, Lawgivers, and the Beginning of Political Reflection in Archaic Greece, in
C. ROWE & M. SCHOFIELD (eds.), The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Political Thought, Cambridge
University Press (Cambridge 2008), pp. 42-48 (7. Archaic lawgivers); R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought,
Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 37-41 (Case Study: Sparta and the Politics of Courage)
Texts: Plutarch, The Life of Lycurgus 1, 4-6; Xenophon, The Spartan Constitution 2-4
WEEK THREE
4. Democracy at Athens
TUESDAY, JANURAY 29
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 41-57 (A Second
Case Study: Archaic Athens and the Search for Justice. Chapter 3. Democratic Political Thinking a Athens.
Evidence and Sources. Democracy Ancient and Modern)
Texts: Plutarch, The Life of Solon 13-16; Herodotus 3.80-82

Tufts University - Spring Courses 2013


CLS 0084: Greek Political Thought

5. Democracy and Freedom


THURSDAY, JANUARY 31
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 57-63 (Democratic
Conceptions of Freedom)
Text: Thucydides 2.35-46
WEEK FOUR
6. Democracy and Deliberation
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 5
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 63-68 (Democratic
Deliberation)
Texts: Plutarch, The Life of Aristides 7; Pseudo-Andocides, Against Alcibiades 2-6
7. Democracy and Leadership
THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 7
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 68-73 (Courage,
Trust, and Leadership)
Texts: Aristophanes, Knights 40-68, 125-144, 179-193, 211-219, 225-229, 667-682, 1110-1150
WEEK FIVE
8. Democratic Political Thought
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 12
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 73-85 (Democratic
Political Thought outside Athens? Protagorean Arguments for Democracy. Democratic Conceptions of
Equality. Justice and the Demos)
Texts: Diodorus of Sicily 11.86.4-87.6; Plato, Protagoras 320d-328d
9. Democracy and Tragedy
THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 14
Reading: S. GOLDHILL, Greek Drama and Political Theory, in C. ROWE & M. SCHOFIELD (eds.), The
Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Political Thought, Cambridge University Press (Cambridge 2008), pp. 60-81
(1. The Institution of the Theatre. 2. 2. Political Themes of Tragic Writing. 3. The Oresteia)
Text: Aeschylus, Eumenides 443-753
WEEK SIX
10. Criticizing Athenian Democracy
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 19
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 86-97 (Chapter 4.
Criticizing Democracy in Late Fifth-Century Athens. Mapping out the Problem: The Old Oligarch); P.
CARTLEDGE, Ancient Greek Political Thought in Practice, Cambridge University Press (Cambridge 2009), pp. 140142 (Appendix II: The Old Oligarch: a close reading)
Texts: Thucydides 1.23, 3.82-84; The Old Oligarch (Constitution of the Athenians) 1
11. Law, Nature, and Athenian Imperialism
THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 21
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 97-113 (Modern
and Ancient Quandaries. Nomos and Phusis. The Challenge of Trasymachus and Callicles. Thucydidean
Imperialists Revisit Nomos and Phusis)
Text: Thucydides 5.84-116

Tufts University - Spring Courses 2013


CLS 0084: Greek Political Thought

WEEK SEVEN
12. Socrates and Athens
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 26
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 113-137 (Socrates
and Nomos. Logos and Ergon. Democratic Epistemology and Relativism. Democratic Epistemology and
Untrustworthy Rhetoric or, Where Does the Truth Lie? Socrates and Athens)
Texts: Plato, Crito 49e-54d; Plato, Apology 28a-34b
13. Imperialism in Fifth-Century Greece
THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 28
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 138-176 (Chapter
5. Imperialism. Aristotle Analyzes Imperialism. Definitions and History. Monarchic Imperialism. Natural
Superiority? Debating Athenian Imperialism. Final Thoughts)
Texts: Thucydides 1.68-88; Xenophon, Cyropaedia 1.1.1-5, 8.8
WEEK EIGHT
14. The Debate on Athenian Imperialism and the Democracy of the Fathers
TUESDAY, MARCH 5
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 177-187 (Chapter
6. Fourth-Century Revisions. The Ancestral Republican Solutions. The Monarchic Solution)
Texts: Lysias, Funeral Oration 17-57; Isocrates, On the Peace 95-135; Isocrates, Areopagiticus 20-55; Xenophon,
Agesilaos 5-8
15. Plato and the Superiority of Philosophy to Politics
THURSDAY, MARCH 7
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 187-197 (Platos
Solutions. Criticizing Contemporary Politics. Plato on Rhetoric and Order in the Gorgias)
Texts: Plato, Republic 7.514a-520a; Plato, Gorgias 506c-523a
WEEK NINE
16. MIDTERM EXAMINATION - TUESDAY, MARCH 12
17. The Ideal City of Plato
THURSDAY, MARCH 14
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 197-209 (The
Priority of Reason in City and Soul: Platos Republic. Educating Citizens in the Classical Context. Politics and
Ethics. Philosophical Rulers)
Texts: Plato, Republic 4.434d-445e; 5.449a-464b; 6.484a-502b
WEEK TEN
18. Platos Political Philosophy in the Statesman and the Laws
TUESDAY, MARCH 26
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 210-226 (Platonic
Political Philosophy after the Republic)
Texts: Plato, Statesman 287b-305e; Laws 12.960b-969d
19. Aristotle and the Analysis of Constitutions
THURSDAY, MARCH 28
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 227-234 (Chapter
7. Aristotles Political Thought. Civic Cinflict, Emotion, and Injustice: Observing the Polis as It Is)
Texts: Aristotle, Politics 4.1288b.9-1290a.29, 5.1301a.19-1304b-19; Constitution of the Athenians 41

Tufts University - Spring Courses 2013


CLS 0084: Greek Political Thought

WEEK ELEVEN
20. Naturalism and Slavery in Aristotle
TUESDAY, APRIL 2
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 234-245
(Exploring What Ought To Be: Aristotles Naturalism. Aristotle on the Good Life. Nature in the Politics.
Aristotle on Slavery)
Text: Aristotle, Nicomeachean Ethics 1.1094a.1-1094b.11; Politics 1.1252a.1-1255b.40
21. Citizens and Citizenship in Aristotle
THURSDAY, APRIL 4
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 245-257 (Polis and
Citizenship in General. Aristotles Best Polis. Political Possibilities in Existing Cities)
Texts: Aristotle, Politics 3.1274b.33-1275b.23, 3.1284a.1-1284b.34, 4.1293b.22-1294b.43, 4.1295a.25-1296b.13,
7.1328a.23-1329a.39
WEEK TWELVE
22. Aristotle and the Classification of Constitutions
TUESDAY, APRIL 9
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 257-261 (The Best
Constitution in Relation to Existing Conditions. Classification of Constitutions)
Text: Aristotle, Politics 3.1278b.6-1281a.11
23. Aristotle and the Masses
THURSDAY, APRIL 11
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 261-265 (The
Power of the Masses. Conclusion)
Text: Aristotle, Politics 3.1281a.12-1283a.22
WEEK THIRTEEN
24. Political Thought in the Hellenistic Age
TUESDAY, APRIL 16
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 266-280 (Chapter
8. Hellenistic Political Thought. Theory of Kingship. The Traditional Schools)
Texts: Diodorus of Sicily 17.117; Pseudo-Aristotle, Rhetoric to Alexander 1420a.6-1421b.7; Letter of Aristeas to
Philocrates 9-11, 184-202
25. Cynicism, Stoics, and Epicureans
THURSDAY, APRIL 18
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 280-297 (New
Directions: Cynics, Stoics, and Epicureans. The Politics of Cynicism? Stoicism and Epicureanism)
Texts: Diogenes Laertius, Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers 6.21-38, 7.110-126, 10.117-121a, 10.139-154
WEEK FOURTEEN
26. Graecia capta: Greek Thought and Roman Conquests
TUESDAY, APRIL 23
Reading: R.K. BALOT, Greek Political Thought, Blackwell Publishing (Malden, MA 2006), pp. 298-302 (Chapter
9. Epilogue: The Question of Politics); P. CARTLEDGE, Ancient Greek Political Thought in Practice, Cambridge
University Press (Cambridge 2009), pp. 131-137 (The Greek Legacy and Democracy Today)
Texts: Polybius, Histories 6.3-4, 6.11-14
27. FINAL EXAMINATION - THURSDAY, APRIL 25

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