This document outlines a chemistry exam covering mole concept and basics of chemistry. It is divided into 4 sections with a total of 24 questions worth 50 marks. Section A has 8 one-mark questions. Section B has 10 two-mark questions. Section C has 4 three-mark questions. Section D has 2 five-mark questions. The document provides instructions, section details, sample questions, and solutions.
This document outlines a chemistry exam covering mole concept and basics of chemistry. It is divided into 4 sections with a total of 24 questions worth 50 marks. Section A has 8 one-mark questions. Section B has 10 two-mark questions. Section C has 4 three-mark questions. Section D has 2 five-mark questions. The document provides instructions, section details, sample questions, and solutions.
This document outlines a chemistry exam covering mole concept and basics of chemistry. It is divided into 4 sections with a total of 24 questions worth 50 marks. Section A has 8 one-mark questions. Section B has 10 two-mark questions. Section C has 4 three-mark questions. Section D has 2 five-mark questions. The document provides instructions, section details, sample questions, and solutions.
This document outlines a chemistry exam covering mole concept and basics of chemistry. It is divided into 4 sections with a total of 24 questions worth 50 marks. Section A has 8 one-mark questions. Section B has 10 two-mark questions. Section C has 4 three-mark questions. Section D has 2 five-mark questions. The document provides instructions, section details, sample questions, and solutions.
The question paper consists of 24 questions. Paper dividend into four section A, B, C and D. Section A comprises of 8 questions of 1 mark each. Section B comprises of 10 questions of 2 marks each. Section C comprises of 4 questions of 3 marks each. Section D comprises of 2 questions of 5 marks each.
SECTION - A 1 8 = 8 Marks 1. Define Accuracy & Precision Sol. Accuracy is a measure of the difference between the experimental value or the mean value of a set of measurements & the true value. Precision refers to how closely two or more measurements of the same quantity agree with one another. 2. Explain law of reciprocal proportions. Sol. Law of reciprocal proportion: When two different elements combine separately with the fixed mass of a 3rd element. The ratio in which they do so well be the same or some simple multiple of the ratio in which they combine with each other 3. Give one limitation of the law of constant composition. Sol. When isotopes of an element take part in the formation of a compound, then the same compound has different ratios of the elements. For example, In CO2, with C 12 isotope, the ratio of C : O : : 12 : 32 In CO2, with C 14 isotope, the ratio of C : O : : 14 : 32 4. What is a limiting reagent? Sol. The reactant which is present in a lesser amount than calculated by balanced chemical equation and thus gets entirely consumed when a reaction goes to completion is called a limiting reagent. 5. Which aqueous solution has higher concentration : 1 molar or 1 molal solution of the same solute? Give reason. Sol. 1 M has higher concentration than 1 m. This is because 1 M solution means 1 mole of the solute in 1000 cc of the solution whereas 1 m solution means 1 mole of the solute in 1000 g of water (= 1000 c.c. of water). Total volume of 1 m solution > 1000 c.c. due to presence of extra 1 mole of the solute. Hence number of moles/cc of 1 m solution will be less than that in 1 M solution. So 1 M is more concentrated than 1 m. 6. How many moles and how many grams of sodium chloride (NaCl) are present in 250 mL of a 0.50 M NaCl solution? Sol. A 0.50 M NaCl solution contains 0.50 mol of NaCl in 1 L or 1000 mL of solution. Therefore, number of 0.50 mol 250 mL moles of NaCl in 250 mL of solution = = 0.125 mol 1000 ml mass of NaCl =0.125 58.5 Molar mass of NaCl = 58.5 g mol-1 7. Express the 32.392800 number to four significant figure Sol. 32.39 8. What is density of water in 1 kg/m3 if in CGS unit it is 1 gm/m gm 10 3 kg Sol. D
Section B 2 10 = 20 Marks (a) What are the equivalent weights of each of these compounds assuming the formula weights of these compounds are x, y and z respectively. (i) Na2SO4 (ii) Na3PO4.12H2O (iii) Ca3(PO4)2 (b) Which is more concentration 1 N or 1 M H2SO4 Sol. (a) Equivalent weight = Molecular weight/Total positive valency of metal atoms. Thus equivalent weights of the above compounds are x/2, y/3 and z/6 respectively. (b) 1 M more concentrated than 1 N as it will have 98 gm H2SO4. Whereas 1 N will have 49 gm. 10. If law of constant composition is true, what weights of calcium, carbon and oxygen are present in 1.5 g of calcium carbonate? Given that the sample of calcium carbonate from another sample contains Ca = 40.0%, C = 12.0% and O = 48.0% 1.5 40 Sol. Weight of Ca 0.6 g 100 1.5 12 Weight of C 1.18 g 100 1.5 48 Weight of O 0.72 g 100 11. Why must oxidation and reduction occur together in a reaction? Sol. In a redox reaction, the oxidation and reduction must occur together because it is a reaction in which electrons are transferred between species and the electrical neutrality of the system is conserved. In oxidation, there is a loss of electrons by a species and in reduction there is a gain of electron by a species. 12. (i) Can the reaction Cr2O72 + H2O 2CrO42 + 2H+ be regarded as a redox reaction? Sol. O.N. of Cr in Cr2O72 = +6 ; O.N. of Cr in CrO42 = + 6 As the O.N. of Cr remains unaltered, the above reaction cannot be regarded as a redox reaction. (ii) Determine the oxidation number of O in the following: OF2, Na2O2 and KO2. Sol. (i) OF2 Let the oxidation number of O = x Oxidation number of each F = - 1 x2=0 x=+2 9.
(ii) Na2O2 Let the oxidation number of O = x Oxidation number of each Na = +1 2 + 2x = 0 or 2x = - 2 or x=-1 (iii) KO2 +1 + 2x = 0 2x = - 1 1 x= 2 13. An organic compound on analysis gave the following data: C = 57.82%, H = 3.6% and the rest is oxygen. Its vapour density is 83. Find its empirical and molecular formula. Sol. Element Mass in g per 100 g Number of moles Divide by 2.41 Multiplication by 2 C 57.82 57.82 4.82 2.0 4 12 H
Empirical formula weight is 48 + 3 + 32 = 83 Molecular formula weight = 2 V.D. = 166 MFW 166
2 EFW 83 M.F. = C8H6O4 14. An impure sample of sodium chloride which weighs 0.50 g gave, on treatment with excess of silver nitrate solution, 0.90 g of silver chloride as a white precipitate. Calculate the percentage purity of the sample. Sol. AgNO3 + NaCl AgCl NaNO 3 1 mol
1 mol
143.5 g or 1 mol of ACl will precipitate from 58.5 g NaCl
0.90 0.90 g AgCl will require 58.5 58.5 143 .5 = 0.37 g NaCl 0.37 Percentage purity of NaCl = 100 0.50 = 74% 15. (i) How many of these can act as only oxidising agent & why? H2SO4, KMnO4, K2Cr2O7, N2O5, NO2 (ii) Find equivalent weight of reactant in the given change [At. Wt. of Sb = 121.76; O = 16] Sb2O3 Sb2O5 Mol. mass 121 2 3 16 290 Sol. (ii) eq. mass ; equivalent mass
72.5 4 4 4 16. 23 g of ethanol CH3CH2OH() on reaction with ethanoic acid CH3COOH form 22g of ethyl ethanoate by esterification in the presence of conc. H2SO4. What is the % yield in the reaction. Sol. CH3CH2OH + CH3COOH CH3COOC2H5 + H2O 1 mole ethanol = 1 mole ethyl ethanoate 46 g ethanol = 88 g 88 23g ethanol = 88 = 44 CH3COOC2H5 46 Actual mass = 22gm Actual yield 22 % yield = 100 100% 100 50% Threotrica l yield 44 17. 15 gm of metal on oxidation give metal oxide which further on hydrolysis gives 20 gm metal hydroxide. Calculate the equivalent weight of metal 15 20 Sol.
E E 17 ; 15 E + 255 = 20 E; 255 = 15 E ; E = 17 18. Vapour density of chloride is 77. Equivalent mass is 3. What is valency of metal in chloride MCl x Molecular mass Sol. x = E 35.5 2 Vapour density = 3 35.5 =4
SECTION C 3 4 = 12 Marks 19. Balance this reaction by oxidation number method. K2Cr2O7 + KI + H2SO4 K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + I2 + H2O Sol. ionic equation Cr2O72 + I Cr+3 + I2 Balance No. of atom & find increase & decrease in oxidation number (1) Cr2O72
2I 2Cr+3
I2
Inc. by 2 dec. by 6 (2) Balance Increase & decrease in oxidation number Cr2O72 + 6I 2Cr+3 + 3I2 (3) Balance charge by adding H+ ion Cr2O72 + 6I + 8H+ 2Cr+3 + 3I2 (4) Balance hydrogen by adding H2O add spectator ion Cr2O72 + 6I + 14H+ 2Cr+3 + 3I2 + 7H2O (5) K2Cr2O7 + 6KI + 7H2SO4 Cr2(SO4)3 + 3I2 + 7H2O + 4K2SO4 20. A sample of coal gas contained CO, CH4 and H2. 20 mL of this mixture was exploded with 80 mL oxygen. After cooling the volume of the gas mixture was found to be 68 mL. On shaking with KOH solution there was a contraction of 10 mL in volume. Find out percentage composition of the coal gas. Sol. Let CO = x mL, CH4 = y mL, H2 = (20 x y) mL, O2 = 80 mL
(1) 2CO O2 2CO 2
1 v ol x mL
(3)
2H2 1 v ol (20 - x - 4)
1 v ol 2 x mL 2
(2) CH 4 2O 2 CO 2 2H2 O 1 v ol x mL
1 v ol x mL
2 v ol 2y mL
1 v ol y mL
O2 2CO 2 1 1 v ol v ol x mL 2 20 x 4
mol 2
CO2 formed = x + y = 10 mL Volume of O2 unused = 68 10 = 58 Volume of O2 used = 80 58 = 22 x + y = 10 0.5x + 2y +
20 x y = 22 2
(i) (ii)
From equation (i) & (ii)
%age Composition: y=8 x = 2 ml Volume of H2 = 10 ml 2 100 10% 20 8 CH4 = y = 8 = 100 40% 20 10 H2 = (20 x y) = 10 = 100 50% 20
21. An aqueous solution of sodium chloride is marked 10% (w/w) on the bottle. The density of the solution is 1.071 g/mL. What is its molality and molarity? Also, find mole fraction of each component in the solution? Sol. 10% (w/w) solution means 100 g of solution contains 10 g NaCl
wNaCl = 10 g and w H2O 90g
10 90 0.17 and nH2O 5 mol 58.5 18 n 0.17 (i) Molality = B 1000 1000 wA 90 = 1.89 molal 100 g (ii) Volume of solution 1.071 g/mL 100
mL 1.071 1
L 10.71 M 0.17 Molarity B 1000 1.071 1000 V(m) 100 nNaCl
= 1.82 % d 10 or M M.Wt . (iii) Mole fraction of NaCl = xNaCl nNaCl
nNaCl n H2 O 0.17 0.033 0.17 5.0 Therefore, the mole fraction of H2O = xH2O 1 0.033
= 0.967 22. A mixture containing 100 g of H2 and 100 g O2 is ignited so that water is formed according to the reaction. 2H2 + O2 2H2O (i) How much water is formed? (ii) Which is the limiting reagent (iii) Calculate the volume of the gas left unreacted at STP. Sol. 2H2 + O2 2H2O 100 g H2 = 50 mol H2 100 100 g O2 3.125 mol O2 32 2 mol H2 + 1 mol O2 2 mol H2o 2 3.125 mol H + 3.125 mol O2 2 3.125 mol H2O More H2 is present than required. Therefore, O2 is the limiting reactant Amount of H2O formed = 2 3.125 mol H2O = 2 3.125 18 = 112.5 g H2O Number of moles of H2 left unreacted = (50 2 3.125) = 43.75 mol H2 Volume occupied by 43.75 mol H2 at STP = 43.75 22.4 lit = 980 L H2 at STP
SECTION D 5 2 = 10 Marks 23. (i) Balance the following redox reaction in basic medium using the half-reaction method: OH
MnO4 + I MnO2 + IO 3 (ii) Balance the following ionic equations by using half reaction method: I + MnO4 IO 3 + MnO2 (acidic medium) Sol. (i) MnO 4 + I MnO2 + IO 3 Reduction Reaction
Oxidation Reaction I IO 3 6e
3e MnO 4 MnO 2 7
( 1)
( 5)
Multiply by 2 6e + 2MnO 4 2MnO2 Add two equation
2MnO 4 I 2MnO 2 IO 3Balance oxygen by adding H2O
2MnO 4 + I 2MnO2 + IO 3 + H2O Balance Hydrogen by adding H+
2MnO 4 I- 2H 2MnO 2 IO 3 H2O
Neutralise hydrogen by adding OH ion 2MnO -4 + I- + 2H+ + 2OH - 2OH 2MnO 2 IO 3 H2O 2H2O 2MnO 4 I H2O 2OH 2MnO 2 IO 3 3e 1
(ii)
I MnO 4 IO 3 MnO 2 6e
Multiply the coefficient of MnO 4 by 2 we have
6e 1
I 2 MnO 4 IO 3 2MnO 2 6e
Balance O atom by adding one H2O to the right side.
I + 2MnO4 IO3 + 2MnO2 + H2O We balance H atoms by adding 2H+ to the left. Hence, the complete balanced equation is I + 2MnO4 + 2H+ IO 3 + 2MnO2 + H2O 24. An aqueous solution of H3PO4 10% (w/v). The density of solution is 1.2 gm/ml. Calculate (a) Molarity
