3.1. Section B - B - Hsa1 - s1

PROJECT : T311 - Bedok South Station
CLIENT :
STRUT :
TriTech
CR5
Section B - B - HSA1 - S1
Tritech Consultants
(Pte) Ltd
Strut (CHS) design to EN1993-1-1:2005 & NA to Singapore
Date :
15 May, 2016
Designed by :
Checked by :
SMN
YFM
(Sheet: 1 of 3)
Ver. 0.0
Ver. 0.0
Geometry
Section type;
CHS 914.0x20.0
Steel grade;
S275H
Spacing between strut;
6 m
Coefficient of thermal expansion; a =
Spacing between strut (One strut failure);
0 m
Degree of restraint of wall;
k=
0.8
Temperature variation;
T =
10 K
Eff. length factor for major axis;
Ky =
1
1
Horizontal angle of inclination;
Vertical angle of inclination;
v =
Ly =
10000 mm
Eff. length factor for minor axis;
Kz =
Length bet restraints in minor axis;
Lz =
10000 mm
Minimum eccentricity;
e=
Modulus of elasticity;
E=
Length bet restraints in major axis;
210000 N/mm2
0.000012 per K
180 mm
Considered
Effect of strut deflection is
Z
Loading & load factors
Load type
Force
Unit
Load factor
Strut force (Normal case);
670
kN/m
1.35
5427 kN
Strut force (Worst credible case);
850
kN/m
1.2
6120 kN
Strut force (One strut failure case);
kN/m
1.05
50
kN
P =
1.5
Accidental load;
P=
Force per strut (factored)
Unit
0 kN
Self-weight of strut;
w=
4.41
kN/m
w =
1.35
F=
6120
kN
Live load (in addition to self-weight);
FL =
1.5
kN/m
L =
1.5
2.2
mm
T =
1.2
Tempertaure load;
FT = k x A x E x a x (T) = 1133
kN
C = F / {Cos() x Cos(v)} + T x FT = 7480

MEd = C x e + P x P x Ly / 4 + (w x w + L x FL) x
Ly2
/ 8 = 1653
kN
kNm
Section properties
Outer diameter of section;
d = 914
Iy = Iz = 561500
Second moment of area of section;
mm
cm
Nominal thickness of element;

Cross sectional area of section;
t=
20
mm
A=
562
cm2
Elastic modulus of section;
W el.y = W el.z = 12290
cm3
i=
31.6
cm
Plastic modulus of section;
W pl.y = W pl.z = 15990
cm
Mass per unit length;
w=
441
kg/m
Nominal ultimate tensile strength; fu =
430
N/mm2
Torsional inertia constant of section;
It = 1123000
cm
Nominal yield strength;
fy = 265
N/mm2
Radius of gyration of section;
Partial factors - Section 6.1

Resistance of cross-sections;
gM0 =
Resistance of members to instability;
gM1 =
Resistance of tensile members to fracture;
gM2 =
1.1
Classification of cross sections - Section 5.5

= [235 N/mm2 / fy]
0.94
Tubular sections - Table 5.2 (sheet 3 of 3)

d/t=
45.7
50 < d / t 70
Class 2

CLIENT :
STRUT :
TriTech
CR5
Tritech Consultants
(Pte) Ltd
Date :
15 May, 2016
Designed by :
Checked by :
SMN
YFM
(Sheet: 2 of 3)
Ver. 0.0
Check shear - Section 6.2.6

Vz,Ed = P x P + (w x w + L x FL) x Ly / 2 =
Design shear force parallel to z axis;
116
kN
Shear area - cl 6.2.6(3);
Av = 2 A / p =
35778
mm2
Design shear resistance - cl 6.2.6(2);
Vpl,z,Rd = Av (fy / [3]) / gM0 =
5474
kN
PASS - Design shear resistance exceeds design shear force

Design shear force doesn't exceed half of the design shear resistance
Check bending moment major (y-y) axis - Section 6.2.5
rv = [(2 Vz,Ed / Vpl,z,Rd) - 1]2 =
Reduction factor - cl.6.2.10(3);

3
Deflection of strut;
= P x P x Ly / (48 x E x Iy) + 5 x (w x w + L x FL) x Ly / (384 x E x Iy) =
Design bending moment;
MEd =
2.2
mm
1653
kNm
Mc,Rd = Mel,Rd = W el.y fy / gM0 =
4237
kNm
C x e + P x P x Ly / 4 + (w x w + L x FL) x Ly / 8 =
Design bending resistance moment - eq 6.13;
0.917
PASS - Design bending moment resistance exceeds design bending moment

Slenderness ratio for lateral torsional buckling
1
kc =
C1 = 1 / kc2 =
0.3
Poissons ratio;
n=
0.3
Shear modulus;
G = E / [2 (1 + n)] =
80769
N/mm2
Unrestrained length;
L = Kz Lz =
10000
mm
Correction factor - Table 6.6;
Warping constant;
1.12E+09 cm6
Iw = Iz x (d - t) /4
Elastic critical buckling moment;
97482
Slenderness ratio for lateral torsional buckling;
`lLT = [W el.y fy / Mcr] =
0.4
Limiting slenderness ratio;
`lLT,0 =
0.4
kNm
Lateral torsional buckling can be ignored

Design resistance for buckling - Section 6.3.2.1
Buckling curve - Table 6.5;
0.76
Imperfection factor - Table 6.3;
aLT =
0.75
Correction factor for rolled sections;
b=
0.75
LTB reduction determination factor;
fLT = 0.5 [1 + aLT (`lLT -`lLT,0) + b `lLT2] =
0.56
LTB reduction factor - eq 6.57;
cLT = min(1 / [fLT + (fLT - b `lLT )], 1, 1 /`lLT ) =
Modification factor;
f = min(1 - 0.5 (1 - kc) [1 - 2 (`lLT - 0.8) ], 1) =
Modified LTB reduction factor - eq 6.58;

Design buckling resistance moment - eq 6.55;
cLT,mod = min(cLT / f, 1) =
Mb,Rd = cLT,mod W el.y fy / gM1 =
4237
kNm
PASS - Design buckling resistance moment exceeds design bending moment

Check compression - Section 6.2.4
Design compression force;
NEd = C =
7480
kN
Design resistance of section - eq 6.10;
Nc,Rd = Npl,Rd = A fy / gM0 =
14893
kN
Slenderness ratio for major (y-y) axis buckling

Critical buckling length;
Lcr,y = Ly Ky =
10000
mm
Critical buckling force;
Ncr,y = p2 E Iy / Lcr,y2 =
116377
kN
Slenderness ratio for buckling - eq 6.50;
`ly = [A fy / Ncr,y] =
0.358

CLIENT :
STRUT :
TriTech
CR5
Tritech Consultants
(Pte) Ltd
Date :
15 May, 2016
Designed by :
Checked by :
SMN
YFM
(Sheet: 3 of 3)
Ver. 0.0

ay =
Buckling reduction determination factor;
fy = 0.5 [1 + ay (`ly - 0.2) + `ly2] =
0.581
Buckling reduction factor - eq 6.49;
cy = min(1 / [fy + (fy - `ly )], 1) =
0.963
Design buckling resistance - eq 6.47;
Nb,y,Rd = cy A fy / gM1 =
14342
0.21
2
kN
PASS - Design buckling resistance exceeds design compression force

Slenderness ratio for minor (z-z) axis buckling
Critical buckling length;
Lcr,z = Lz Kz =
Critical buckling force;

Slenderness ratio for buckling - eq 6.50;
10000
mm
Ncr,z = p E Iz / Lcr,z =
116377
kN
`lz = [A fy / Ncr,z] =
0.358

az =
Buckling reduction determination factor;
fz = 0.5 [1 + az (`lz - 0.2) + `lz2] =
0.581
Buckling reduction factor - eq 6.49;
cz = min(1 / [fz + (fz - `lz )], 1) =
0.963
Nb,z,Rd = cz A fy / gM1 =
14342
0.21
2
Design buckling resistance - eq 6.47;
kN
PASS - Design buckling resistance exceeds design compression force

Bending and axial force (Class 2 section) Section 6.2.9.1
Normal force to plastic resistance force ratio;
Reduced plastic moment resistance;
n = NEd / Npl,Rd =
0.5
sx,Ed = MEd / W el.y + NEd / A =
2933
kNm
PASS - Reduced bending resistance moment exceeds design bending moment

Check combined bending and compression - Section 6.3.3
Equivalent uniform moment factors - Table B.3;
Cmy =
Cmz =
CmLT =
Interaction factors kij for members not susceptible to torsional deformations - Table B.1
Characteristic moment resistance;
MRk = W el.y fy =
4237
kNm
Characteristic resistance to normal force;
NRk = A fy =
14893
kN
Interaction factors;
kyy = Cmy [1 + min(0.6 `ly, 0.6) NEd / (cy NRk / gM1)] =

kzy = 0.8 kyy =
Interaction formulae - eq 6.61 & eq 6.62;
1.082
0.649
NEd / (cy NRk / gM1) + kyy MEd / (cLT MRk / gM1) =
0.944
NEd / (cz NRk / gM1) + kzy MEd / (cLT MRk / gM1) =
0.775
PASS - Combined bending and compression checks are satisfied

3.1. Section B - B - Hsa1 - s1

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PROJECT : T311 - Bedok South Station

Strut (CHS) design to EN1993-1-1:2005 & NA to Singapore

Spacing between strut;

Coefficient of thermal expansion; a =

Spacing between strut (One strut failure);

Degree of restraint of wall;

Eff. length factor for major axis;

Horizontal angle of inclination;

Vertical angle of inclination;

Eff. length factor for minor axis;

Length bet restraints in minor axis;

Length bet restraints in major axis;

Effect of strut deflection is

Strut force (Normal case);

Strut force (Worst credible case);

Strut force (One strut failure case);

Force per strut (factored)

Live load (in addition to self-weight);

C = F / {Cos() x Cos(v)} + T x FT = 7480

Second moment of area of section;

Nominal thickness of element;

Elastic modulus of section;

W el.y = W el.z = 12290

Plastic modulus of section;

W pl.y = W pl.z = 15990

Mass per unit length;

Nominal ultimate tensile strength; fu =

Torsional inertia constant of section;

Nominal yield strength;

Radius of gyration of section;

Partial factors - Section 6.1

Resistance of members to instability;

Resistance of tensile members to fracture;

Classification of cross sections - Section 5.5

Tubular sections - Table 5.2 (sheet 3 of 3)

PROJECT : T311 - Bedok South Station

Strut (CHS) design to EN1993-1-1:2005 & NA to Singapore

Check shear - Section 6.2.6

Design shear force parallel to z axis;

Shear area - cl 6.2.6(3);

Design shear resistance - cl 6.2.6(2);

Vpl,z,Rd = Av (fy / [3]) / gM0 =

PASS - Design shear resistance exceeds design shear force

Reduction factor - cl.6.2.10(3);

= P x P x Ly / (48 x E x Iy) + 5 x (w x w + L x FL) x Ly / (384 x E x Iy) =

Design bending moment;

Mc,Rd = Mel,Rd = W el.y fy / gM0 =

Design bending resistance moment - eq 6.13;

PASS - Design bending moment resistance exceeds design bending moment

Correction factor - Table 6.6;

Elastic critical buckling moment;

Slenderness ratio for lateral torsional buckling;

`lLT = [W el.y fy / Mcr] =

Limiting slenderness ratio;

Lateral torsional buckling can be ignored

Imperfection factor - Table 6.3;

Correction factor for rolled sections;

LTB reduction determination factor;