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Theoretical Framework

This study supports and uses theories and information in which this
research is base. It allows this research to more understandable and
categorical. The researcher decided to use this theories and approach
that will help in making the objectives and statement of the problem
obsolete. Likewise this given information may help to establish the
methodologies in this study.
During rain or irrigation, the fields become wet. The water
infiltrates into the soil and is stored in its pores. When all the pores are
filled with water, the soil is said to be saturated and no more water can
be absorbed; when rain or irrigation continues, pools may form on the
soil

surface

which

causes

flood

(http://support.optisurface.com/knowledgebase/articles/192123-5surface-drainage-theory). Urban drainage systems may prove locally


inefficient as a consequence of an unexpected amount of water failing
to reach a certain number of inlets in the network. Local failures are
indeed observed as a consequence of precipitation events with even
lower intensities than the design rainfall, when inlets are requested to
drain contributing areas that are larger than the design ones
(http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hyp.5648/abstract).

Poor drainage can lead to flooding, resulting in property loss, and


people may even be forced to move to escape floodwaters. Flooding
may also damage water supply infrastructure and contaminate
domestic water sources. This contributes significantly to the spread of
diseases such as typhoid and cholera, and may increase the likelihood
of contracting worm infections from soil contaminated by faeces.
(http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/hygiene/settings/hvchap5.
pdf)

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